Cascade prism typoscope
By placing a prism module with a prism cascade structure on the lens of a low-vision population, the limited range of view expansion and optical effects in the prior art are solved, and the field of view expansion with a larger angle and higher definition is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421967293.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-14
AI Technical Summary
The Fresnel prism in the prior art is prone to problems such as dispersion, reduction distortion, reduction of brightness and contrast reduction during the field of view expansion, and the field of view expansion range is limited, and usually only can increase the lateral field of view of about 30 degrees.
The prism cascade design is designed, and a set of prism modules is placed on the lens around the center of the pupil, the blind scene is expanded into the visible field of view. The visual aid includes a lens, a frame, a prism module group and a prism fastener. It uses dual internal reflection imaging technology to avoid dispersion and other problems caused by refraction imaging.
It realizes a larger range and larger angle vision expansion, avoids dispersion, narrowing distortion and other problems, provides high-definition large-angle vision expansion, supports horizontal, vertical, and oblique vision expansion, and meets the various vision expansion needs of people in different visual field ranges.
Smart Images
Figure CN222939350U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of low vision visual rehabilitation, and particularly relates to a cascaded prism magnifier. Background Art
[0002] Visual field defects mainly show two symptoms: one is the damage of the visual area caused by retinitis, choroid loss or glaucoma. People with damaged visual areas can only see a very narrow space directly in front of them due to concentric visual field narrowing, showing a tubular visual field; the other is the loss of hemianopic visual field caused by the damage of the optic tract or the posterior pathway after the lateral geniculate body, mostly ipsilateral hemianopia, with only one visible visual field.
[0003] The optical magnifier fixes the prism module near the upper part and / or the lower part of the residual central visual field of people with low vision, forming an artificial visual aid around the human eye, which can help people with visual field defects anticipate possible collisions of moving targets in the residual visual field in advance. The existing technology is usually based on the traditional Fresnel prism, using a right-angled triangular prism or a film, and realizing visual field expansion through optical refraction. The visual field expansion range of the Fresnel prism is limited, usually only increasing a part of the lateral visual field range of about 30 degrees and providing a saccadic visual field range of 5 degrees. As the refraction angle increases, the Fresnel prism is seriously affected by the refraction optical image effect, and is prone to phenomena such as chromatic dispersion, reduction distortion, brightness reduction and contrast reduction. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] According to the technical problems mentioned in the above background art, a cascaded prism magnifier is provided. The utility model provides a kind of prism magnifier for visual field range expansion, adopting a prism cascaded structure design. By placing a group of prism modules on the lens at the position around the center of the pupil, the blind area scene is extended into the visible visual field area. The prism magnifier includes a prism module group, a prism buckle, a lens and a frame.
[0005] The technical means adopted by the utility model are as follows:
[0006] The cascaded prism magnifier adopts a prism cascaded structure, including: a lens and a frame; the magnifier further includes: a group of prism modules arranged on the lens at the position around the center of the pupil;
[0007] And,
[0008] Fixing the position of the prism module, and a prism buckle for making the prism module perpendicular to the lens and corresponding to the lens position in the central area of the pupil;
[0009] The prism module includes one or more semi-pentagonal prisms; the prism module extends the blind area scene into the visible visual field area;
[0010] Further, the prism module includes: a first surface for light to enter, a second surface for reflecting the light reflected by the fourth surface, a third surface, and a fourth surface for reflecting the light passing through the first surface and projecting the light passing through the second surface;
[0011] The fourth surface is perpendicular to the front of the human eye, and the third surface is close to the front of the human eye; light enters the first surface at an angle greater than a predetermined angle, is totally internally reflected by the fourth surface and then shoots towards the second surface, is reflected by the second surface and enters the fourth surface again, and enters the human eye through the fourth surface.
[0012] Further, the first surface and the fourth surface form an angle I; the normal of the first surface and the third surface form an angle II.
[0013] Further, the angle I is from 20 degrees to 40 degrees; the angle II is from 40 degrees to 80 degrees.
[0014] Further, the second surface includes: a reflective layer of a silver layer or a dielectric layer.
[0015] Further, both the first surface and the fourth surface include a light-reducing layer or a light-transmitting layer.
[0016] Further, the first surface includes a color filter layer.
[0017] Further, when there are multiple prism modules in the prism module, the latter prism module is located behind the previous prism module and rotates at a certain angle relative to the previous prism module; the certain angle is from 5 degrees to 35 degrees;
[0018] And taking the first prism module as a reference, there is a gap between the latter prism module and the previous prism module; the filling material in the gap has a different refractive index from the material of the prism module; the latter prism module and the previous prism module are aligned horizontally or have a certain vertical distance from the previous prism module.
[0019] Further, the prism buckle includes: an upper baffle for preventing the prism from falling off and a lower fixing member for separating the prism modules; there are protrusions between the lower fixing member and each prism module to ensure there is a gap
[0020] Further, the prism buckle is arranged at the position above the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the visual field blind area of the lens or at the position below the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the visual field blind area or outside the binocular pupils, that is, outside the left eye and outside the right eye.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:
[0022] The utility model adopts double internal reflection imaging, avoiding phenomena such as chromatic dispersion, reduction distortion, brightness reduction, and contrast reduction introduced by refractive imaging. The utility model realizes a wider range and larger angle of field of view expansion through the cascading of multiple prism modules. The utility model realizes multi-directional field of view expansion through the fixation of different prism module groups and prism fasteners. The utility model has a high-definition and large-angle field of view expansion, supporting the field of view expansion range in the horizontal direction, vertical direction, and oblique direction, and can meet the various field of view expansion needs of people with different field of view ranges. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present utility model.
[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the prism module of the present utility model.
[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the prism fastener of the present utility model.
[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the prism module of the present utility model.
[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the monocular field of view expansion of the prism module of the present utility model.
[0029] Figure 6 It is an embodiment of the cascaded prism magnifier of the present utility model, a hemianopia prism magnifier (five-prism module, expanding the field of view in the upper and lower horizontal directions of the right visual field blind area).
[0030] Figure 7 It is an embodiment of the cascaded prism magnifier of the present utility model, a hemianopia prism magnifier (four-prism module, expanding the field of view in the obliquely upward and obliquely downward directions of the right visual field blind area).
[0031] Figure 8 It is an embodiment of the cascaded prism magnifier of the present utility model, a tubular vision prism magnifier (two-prism module, expanding the field of view of the outer visual field blind area).
[0032] Among them, 1 is the human eye; 2 is the first fixed reference; 3 is the incident light; 4 is the first prism; 5 is the second prism; 6 is the third prism; 7 is the fourth prism; 8 is the fifth prism; 9 is the first surface of the prism; 10 is the second surface of the prism; 11 is the third surface of the prism; 12 is the fourth surface of the prism; A is the blind area visual field range; B is the visible visual field range; 13 is the upper part of the fixing member; 14 is the lower part of the fixing member; 15 is the upper part I of the fixing member; 16 is the fifth prism I; 17 is the fourth prism I; 18 is the third prism I; 19 is the second prism I; 20 is the first prism I; 21 is the lower part I of the fixing member; 22 is the upper part II of the fixing member; 23 is the lower part II of the fixing member; 24 is the first prism II; 25 is the second prism II; 26 is the third prism II; 27 is the fourth prism II; 28 is the fifth prism II; 29 is the fourth prism III; 30 is the third prism III; 31 is the second prism III; 32 is the first prism III; 33 is the upper part III of the fixing member; 34 is the lower part III of the fixing member; 35 is the lower part IV of the fixing member; 36 is the first prism IV; 37 is the second prism IV; 38 is the third prism IV; 39 is the fourth prism IV; 40 is the upper part IV of the fixing member; 41 is the lower part V of the fixing member; 42 is the first prism V; 43 is the second prism V; 44 is the upper part V of the fixing member; 45 is the upper part VI of the fixing member; 46 is the second prism VI; 47 is the first prism VI; 48 is the lower part VI of the fixing member. Detailed implementation manners
[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the solution of the present utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present utility model and the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0035] As shown in Figures 1-7 the present utility model provides a cascaded prism visual aid, which adopts a prism cascaded structure and includes: a lens and a frame; the visual aid further includes: a group of prism modules arranged on the lens at a position around the center of the pupil; and a prism buckle for fixing the position of the prism module and making the prism module perpendicular to the lens and corresponding to the lens position in the central area of the pupil; the prism module includes one or more half pentagonal prisms; the prism module extends the blind area scene into the visible field area; the fixed prism module group and the prism buckle can achieve complete visual field coverage.
[0036] Preferably, the material of the prism module is glass, plastic or quartz, etc. The prism module includes: a first surface for the entry of light, a second surface for reflecting the light reflected by the fourth surface, a third surface, and a fourth surface for reflecting the light passing through the first surface and projecting the light passing through the second surface; the fourth surface is perpendicular to the front of the human eye, and the third surface is close to the front of the human eye; the light enters the first surface at an angle greater than a predetermined angle, is totally internally reflected by the fourth surface and then shoots towards the second surface, is reflected by the second surface and enters the fourth surface again, and enters the human eye through the fourth surface.
[0037] In this application, as a preferred embodiment, the first surface and the fourth surface form an angle I, generally the angle I is 20 degrees to 40 degrees. The second surface includes: a reflective layer of a silver layer or a dielectric layer. Both the first surface and the fourth surface include a light reduction layer or a light transmission layer. The first surface includes a color filter layer. The normal of the first surface forms an angle II with the third surface, generally 40 degrees to 80 degrees.
[0038] Preferably, when there are multiple prism modules in the prism module, the latter prism module is located behind the former prism module and rotates at a certain angle relative to the former prism module, generally from 0 degrees to parallel to the fourth surface of the former prism. In order to avoid the generation of the central top dark spot area, when the included angle between the latter prism and the former prism is the largest, the fourth surfaces of the two prisms are parallel. When the included angle exceeds this degree, the light on the fourth surface of the latter prism cannot converge with the light on the fourth surface of the former prism.
[0039] And based on the first prism module, there is a gap between the latter prism module and the former prism module; the refractive index of the filling material in the gap is different from that of the prism module material; the latter prism module is aligned horizontally with the former prism module or has a certain vertical distance from the former prism module.
[0040] In the present application, the prism fastener includes: an upper baffle member for preventing the prism from falling off and a lower fixing member for separating the prism modules; there are protrusions between the lower fixing member and each prism module to ensure there is a gap. For safety reasons, the prism fastener is generally fixed on the lens, and the correction of refractive error is achieved by the lens. The fixation of the prism fastener to the lens can be by pasting or by embedding a fastener in the lens. If it is by pasting, there is a paste area range near the position of the prism fastener close to the lens. If it is by embedding a fastener, there is a slot interface on the lower fixing member and corresponding slots on the lens. The spectacle frame is connected to the temple, which is the same as a normal spectacle frame. The spectacle frame can also be fixed to another spectacle frame by a clip structure, a magnetic attraction structure, etc.
[0041] The orientation of the first surface of the prism module determines the direction of visual field expansion. When facing the nasal side, it expands the nasal visual field; when facing the temporal side, it expands the temporal visual field; when facing upward, it expands the upper visual field; when facing downward, it expands the lower visual field. Therefore, there are three layout positions of the prism fastener on the lens. One is for expanding the upper visual field of the blind side, which is placed above the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the visual field blind area, generally for ipsilateral hemianopia patients; the second is for expanding the lower visual field of the blind side, which is placed below the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the visual field blind area, generally for ipsilateral hemianopia patients; the third is for expanding the lateral visual field, which is placed outside the pupils of both eyes, outside the left eye and outside the right eye, generally for patients with tubular vision. There are three layout positions of the prism fastener on the lens. One is for expanding the upper visual field of the blind side, which is placed above the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the visual field blind area, generally for ipsilateral hemianopia patients; the second is for expanding the lower visual field of the blind side, which is placed below the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the visual field blind area, generally for ipsilateral hemianopia patients; the third is for expanding the lateral visual field, which is placed outside the pupils of both eyes, outside the left eye and outside the right eye, generally for patients with tubular vision.
[0042] As a preferred embodiment, in the present application, the thickness of the prism module is set to be 1 mm to 10 mm. The first prism module is inclined at zero degrees relative to the horizontal direction, and the interpupillary distance is 14 mm. The included angle between the first surface and the fourth surface of the first prism module is 45 degrees, and the included angle between the second surface and the fourth surface is 22.5 degrees. Among them, the width configurations of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface are 8 mm, 8.66 mm, 2.34 mm, and 13.66 mm respectively, or can also be 4 mm, 4.33 mm, 1.17 mm, and 6.83 mm respectively.
[0043] Embodiment 1
[0044] An embodiment of the cascade prism visual aid of the present utility model, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, it is a hemianopic prism visual aid for a pentaprism module. It includes: two sets of prism modules arranged oppositely, and each set of prism modules is provided with 5 prisms; the two sets of prism modules are respectively placed above and below the pupil point of the lens, with a spacing of 10 mm.
[0045] Among them, the first set of prism modules includes: the upper fixing part I15, the fifth prism I16, the fourth prism I17, the third prism I18, the second prism I19, the first prism I20, and the lower fixing part I21. The second set of prism modules includes: the upper fixing part II22, the lower fixing part II23, the first prism II24, the second prism II25, the third prism II26, the fourth prism II27, and the fifth prism II28.
[0046] Among them, the width of the first surface of each prism module is configured to be 8 mm, the thickness of the prism module is 8 mm, and the horizontal angle between each prism is 5 degrees.
[0047] As Figure 6 shown, the hemianopic prism visual aid can realize the horizontal field of view expansion in the upper and lower directions of the right visual field blind area of hemianopic people, and can help avoid impact injuries during walking.
[0048] Embodiment 2
[0049] An embodiment of the cascade prism visual aid of the present utility model, as Figure 7 shown, is a hemianopic prism visual aid for a quadrilateral prism module. It includes: two sets of prism modules arranged oppositely, and each set of prism modules is provided with 4 prisms; the two sets of prism modules are respectively placed above and below the pupil point of the lens, with a spacing of 9 mm.
[0050] Among them, the first set of prism modules includes: the fourth prism III29, the third prism III30, the second prism III31, the first prism III32, the upper fixing part III33, and the lower fixing part III34. The second set of prism modules includes: the lower fixing part IV35, the first prism IV36, the second prism IV37, the third prism IV38, the fourth prism IV39, and the upper fixing part IV40. Among them, the width of the first surface of each prism module is configured to be 8 mm, the thickness of the prism module is 6 mm, the horizontal angle between each prism is 5 degrees, and the vertical angle is 20 degrees. The hemianopic prism visual aid is used for the visual field expansion in the obliquely upward and obliquely downward directions of the right visual field blind area of hemianopic people, can provide the visual field expansion of the vertical saccade angle, and can realize the perception of low obstacles without hindering the horizontal saccade of the human eye, and assist in discovering objects such as steps and trash cans.
[0051] Embodiment 3
[0052] An embodiment of the cascade prism visual aid of the present utility model, as Figure 8As shown in the figure, it is a tubular field-of-view prism magnifier for a two-prism module. It includes: two sets of prism modules arranged oppositely, and each set of prism modules is provided with 4 prisms; the two sets of prism modules are respectively placed at the temporal positions of the binocular entrance pupil points.
[0053] Among them, the first set of prism modules includes: the lower fixing part V41, the first prism V42, the second prism V43, and the upper fixing part V44. The second set of prism modules includes: the upper fixing part VI45, the second prism VI46, the first prism VI47, and the lower fixing part VI48.
[0054] Among them, the width of the first surface of each prism module is configured to be 4 mm, the thickness of the prism module is 4 mm, and the horizontal angle between each prism is 5 degrees. Generally, the overall angle of the prism module with the horizontal direction can be zero degree. According to requirements, the angle of the prism module can be adjusted until it is vertical. In the vertical case, the prism module can present the visual field image of the foot, that is, the downward visual field is extended.
[0055] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways.
[0056] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. The cascade prism visual aid adopts a prism cascade structure, including: Lenses and frames; characterized in that the visual aid further comprises: a group of prism modules arranged on the lens around the center of the pupil; as well as, The prism module is fixed in position, and the prism module is positioned at an angle perpendicular to the lens and corresponding to the prism buckle at the lens position in the central area of the pupil; The prism module includes one or more semi-pentagonal prism modules; the prism module expands the blind area scene into the visible field of view; The fixed prism module group and the prism buckle can achieve complete field of view coverage.
2. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism module includes: a first surface for light to enter, a second surface for reflecting light reflected via a fourth surface, a third surface, and a fourth surface for reflecting light via the first surface and projecting light via the second surface; The fourth surface is perpendicular to the front of the human eye, and the third surface is close to the front of the human eye; the light enters the first surface at an angle greater than a predetermined angle, is emitted to the second surface after total internal reflection on the fourth surface, is reflected on the second surface and enters the fourth surface again, and enters the human eye through the fourth surface.
3. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first surface and the fourth surface form an angle I; the normal line of the first surface forms an angle II with the third surface.
4. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle I is between 20 and 40 degrees; the angle II is between 40 and 80 degrees.
5. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second surface includes a reflective layer of a silver layer or a dielectric layer.
6. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first surface and the fourth surface both include a light-reducing layer or a light-transmitting layer.
7. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: The first surface includes a colored filter layer.
8. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the prism module includes a plurality of prism modules, a rear prism module is located behind a front prism module and is rotated at a certain angle relative to the front prism module; the certain angle is from 0 degrees to being parallel to the fourth surface of the front prism; And with the first prism module as a reference, there is a gap between the next prism module and the previous prism module; the filling material in the gap has a different refractive index from the prism module material; the next prism module is aligned with the previous prism module in the horizontal direction or has a certain vertical distance from the previous prism module.
9. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism clip includes: an upper baffle for preventing the prism from falling off and a lower fixing member for separating the prism modules; a protrusion exists between the lower fixing member and each prism module to ensure a gap.
10. The cascade prism visual aid according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The prism buckle is arranged above the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the blind spot of the lens, below the pupil of the lens on the opposite side of the blind spot of the lens, or outside the pupils of both eyes, that is, outside the left eye and outside the right eye.