Antenna structure and terminal equipment
By designing a circular polarized antenna structure for terminal equipment, the polarization loss and mismatch between linear polarized antenna and satellite circular polarized signal is solved, and a higher satellite communication signal quality is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421728236.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-19
AI Technical Summary
There are polarization losses and polarization mismatch problems between the linear polarization antenna used for satellite communication in existing terminal equipment and the circular polarization signal transmitted by satellites, resulting in poor signal quality.
A circular polarized antenna structure is designed, including a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm that are perpendicular and equal in length. Through the power feeding unit and switch control, the generation of circular polarized waves is realized to ensure no polarization loss with the circular polarized signal emitted by the satellite.
Through this circularly polarized antenna structure, the terminal equipment can effectively avoid polarization losses and polarization mismatch during satellite communication, significantly improving signal quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN222940195U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna structure and a terminal device. Background Art
[0002] With the progress of science and technology, the functions of terminal devices such as smart phones are becoming more and more abundant, the performance is becoming more and more excellent, and the degree of dependence and the usage frequency of users on terminal devices have also increased significantly. At present, terminal devices can not only obtain a cellular network through a network base station for communication, but also realize satellite communication, that is, directly communicate by exchanging data with a satellite.
[0003] However, the antennas configured for satellite communication in related technologies are often linearly polarized antennas, and there are problems of polarization loss and even polarization mismatch in the communication between the linearly polarized antenna and the circularly polarized signal transmitted by the satellite, which results in poor signal quality of satellite communication of the terminal device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To overcome the problems existing in the related technologies, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna structure and a terminal device to solve the defects in the related technologies.
[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a circularly polarized antenna structure is provided, including:
[0006] A main body branch, the main body branch includes a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm connected to each other, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are perpendicular to each other, the lengths of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are equal, and a feeding point is provided on the main body branch;
[0007] A feeding unit, the feeding unit is connected to the feeding point.
[0008] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the circularly polarized antenna structure includes a first feeding unit, a second feeding unit, a first switch, and a second switch;
[0009] The first radiation arm is provided with a first feeding point, the first feeding unit is connected to the first feeding point through the first switch, the second radiation arm is provided with a second feeding point, and the second feeding unit is connected to the second feeding point through the second switch.
[0010] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the first feeding point is located at an end of the first radiation arm away from the second radiation arm, and the second feeding point is located at an end of the second radiation arm away from the first radiation arm.
[0011] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, the first radiating arm operates in a quarter-wavelength mode;
[0012] When the second switch is closed and the first switch is open, the second radiating arm operates in a quarter-wavelength mode.
[0013] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, the main stub has a first sense of rotation;
[0014] When the second switch is closed and the first switch is open, the main stub has a second sense of rotation, where the first sense of rotation is opposite to the second sense of rotation.
[0015] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the first radiating arm or the second radiating arm is located at the top of the middle frame of the terminal device.
[0016] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the tuning frequency band of the main stub is a satellite communication frequency band.
[0017] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the circularly polarized antenna structure further includes a phase and amplitude adjustment unit, and a phase and amplitude adjustment point is provided on the main stub;
[0018] The phase and amplitude adjustment unit is connected to the phase and amplitude adjustment point and is used to adjust the phase of the first radiating arm and / or the second radiating arm, and the amplitude of the first radiating arm and / or the second radiating arm.
[0019] In a possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase and amplitude adjustment point is located at the connection between the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm.
[0020] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device is provided, and the terminal device includes the circularly polarized antenna structure according to any of the above embodiments.
[0021] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:
[0022] The circularly polarized antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes a main body branch and a feeding unit. The main body branch includes a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm that are perpendicular to each other, equal in length, and connected to each other. The feeding point on the main body branch is connected to the feeding unit. When the circularly polarized antenna operates, the polarization component amplitudes generated by the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are equal, and the phase difference is 90°, thereby forming a circularly polarized wave. The rotation direction of the circularly polarized wave is that the polarization component with a leading phase points to the polarization component with a lagging phase. Then, there is no polarization loss or even polarization matching problem between the antenna and the circularly polarized signal emitted by the satellite, greatly improving the signal quality of satellite communication of the terminal device equipped with the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] The accompanying drawings are incorporated herein and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna structure shown in another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Figure 3 is a block diagram of a terminal device shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0027] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.
[0028] The terms used in the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the present disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0029] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "while" or "in response to a determination".
[0030] With the progress of science and technology, the functions of terminal devices such as smart phones are becoming more and more abundant, the performance is becoming more and more excellent, and the degree of dependence and the usage frequency of users on terminal devices have also increased significantly. At present, terminal devices can not only obtain a cellular network through a network base station for communication, but also implement satellite communication, that is, directly communicate by exchanging data with a satellite.
[0031] However, the antennas configured for satellite communication in related technologies are often linear polarization antennas, and there are problems of polarization loss and even polarization mismatch in the communication between the linear polarization antennas and the circular polarization signals emitted by satellites, which results in poor signal quality of satellite communication of terminal devices.
[0032] Based on this, in a first aspect, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a circular polarization antenna structure, which can be applied to terminal devices such as smart phones and tablet computers, and can radiate circular polarization waves, so that there will be no problem of polarization loss or even polarization matching between the circular polarization signals radiated by the satellite during satellite communication, ensuring the signal quality of satellite communication of the terminal device.
[0033] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , which exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the circular polarization antenna structure provided by the present disclosure. The antenna structure includes a main body branch and a feeding unit 103. Among them, the main body branch includes a first radiation arm 101 and a second radiation arm 102 that are connected to each other. The first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102 are perpendicular to each other, the lengths of the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102 are equal, a feeding point is provided on the main body branch, and the feeding unit 103 is connected to the feeding point.
[0034] For example, the tuning frequency band of the main body branch is the satellite communication frequency band; the first radiation arm 101 or the second radiation arm 102 is located at the top of the middle frame of the terminal device. Thus, it can be ensured that the main body branch can communicate with the satellite.
[0035] Among them, the feeding unit 103 can be connected to the radio frequency module of the processor of the terminal device.
[0036] Taking the attached Figure 1Taking the position of the feeding point shown as an example, that is, the feeding point is located at one end of the first radiation arm 101 away from the second radiation arm 102, and the first radiation arm 101 operates in a quarter-wavelength mode. Then the first radiation arm 101 generates a polarization component 1 and acts as a quarter-wavelength phase shifter for the second radiation arm 102, causing a 90° phase difference between the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102. The second radiation arm 102 generates a polarization component 2. The amplitudes of the polarization component 1 and the polarization component 2 are equal and the phases differ by 90°, forming a circularly polarized wave with the rotation direction from the polarization component 1 to the polarization component 2.
[0037] In addition, the circularly polarized antenna structure may further include an amplitude-phase adjustment unit. An amplitude-phase adjustment point is provided on the main body branch. For example, the amplitude-phase adjustment point is located at the connection between the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102. The amplitude-phase adjustment unit is connected to the amplitude-phase adjustment point and is used to adjust the phase of the first radiation arm 101 and / or the second radiation arm 102, and the amplitude of the first radiation arm 101 and / or the second radiation arm 102.
[0038] The amplitude-phase adjustment unit is provided on the main board of the terminal device, and one end away from the amplitude-phase adjustment point can be grounded. When the polarization signals radiated by the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102 do not meet the requirements of equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference due to processing errors (such as angle errors, length errors) or signal quality and other reasons, the amplitude-phase adjustment unit can adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the polarization signals radiated by the two to make them meet the requirements of a circularly polarized waveform with equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference. Therefore, by setting the amplitude-phase adjustment unit, the stability of the circularly polarized waveform of the circularly polarized antenna can be further ensured.
[0039] The circularly polarized antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes a main body branch and a feeding unit 103. The main body branch includes a first radiation arm 101 and a second radiation arm 102 that are perpendicular to each other, have equal lengths and are connected to each other. The feeding point on the main body branch is connected to the feeding unit 103. When the circularly polarized antenna operates, the polarization components generated by the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102 have equal amplitudes and a 90° phase difference, thus realizing a circularly polarized wave without an additional feeding network or phase shifter. The rotation direction of the circularly polarized wave is from the polarization component with a leading phase to the polarization component with a lagging phase among the two. Then there is no polarization loss or even polarization matching problem between the antenna and the circularly polarized signal transmitted by the satellite, greatly improving the signal quality of satellite communication of the terminal device equipped with this antenna.
[0040] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the circularly polarized antenna structure includes two feeding units 103, namely a first feeding unit 1031 and a second feeding unit 1032; the first radiation arm 101 is provided with a first feeding point, for example, the first feeding point is located at one end of the first radiation arm 101 far from the second radiation arm 102, and the second radiation arm 102 is provided with a second feeding point, for example, the second feeding point is located at one end of the second radiation arm 102 far from the first radiation arm 101.
[0041] The circularly polarized antenna structure further includes a first switch 1051, and the first feeding unit 1031 is connected to the first feeding point through the first switch 1051, that is, the first switch 1051 can control the on-off between the first feeding unit 1031 and the first feeding point. When the two are connected, the main body branch can be fed from the first feeding point, and when the two are disconnected, the main body branch cannot be fed from the first feeding point. The first switch 1051 can be connected to the processor of the terminal device and thus be turned on and off under the control of the processor.
[0042] The circularly polarized antenna structure further includes a second switch 1052, and the second feeding unit 1032 is connected to the second feeding point through the second switch 1052, that is, the second switch 1052 can control the on-off between the second feeding unit 1032 and the second feeding point. When the two are connected, the main body branch can be fed from the second feeding point, and when the two are disconnected, the main body branch cannot be fed from the second feeding point. The second switch 1052 can be connected to the processor of the terminal device and thus be turned on and off under the control of the processor.
[0043] It should be understood that only one of the first switch 1051 and the second switch 1052 can be turned on at the same time, so that the main body branch is fed from one feeding point.
[0044] For example, when the first switch 1051 is closed and the second switch 1052 is open, the first radiation arm 101 operates in a quarter-wavelength mode, and the main body branch exhibits a first polarization direction.
[0045] Specifically, in this case, the first radiation arm 101 generates a polarization component 1 and acts as a quarter-wavelength phase shifter for the second radiation arm 102, causing a 90° phase difference between the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102. The second radiation arm 102 generates a polarization component 2. The polarization component 1 and the polarization component 2 have equal amplitudes and a 90° phase difference, forming a circularly polarized wave with the polarization direction of the polarization component 1 pointing to the polarization direction of the polarization component 2, that is, a left-handed circularly polarized wave.
[0046] For another example, when the second switch 1052 is closed and the first switch 1051 is open, the second radiating arm 102 operates in a quarter-wavelength mode, and the main body stub has a second helix direction, where the first helix direction is opposite to the second helix direction.
[0047] Specifically, in this case, the second radiating arm 102 generates a polarization component 2 and acts as a quarter-wavelength phase shifter for the first radiating arm 101, causing a 90° phase difference between the second radiating arm 102 and the first radiating arm 101. The first radiating arm 101 generates a polarization component 1. The amplitudes of the polarization component 2 and the polarization component 1 are equal and the phases differ by 90°, forming a circularly polarized wave with the helix direction of the polarization component 2 pointing to the polarization component 1, that is, a right-handed circularly polarized wave.
[0048] Due to the randomness of the relative positions of the satellite and the terminal device, when both are circularly polarized antennas, it is necessary to adjust the helix directions of their radiated waves to be the same in order to maximize the function of the circularly polarized antennas. In this embodiment, the polarization direction is reconfigured by selecting two feeding units 103, so that the helix direction of the circularly polarized wave of this antenna can be switched as needed during satellite communication, thus approaching the helix direction of the circularly polarized wave of the satellite as much as possible and maximizing the communication quality between this antenna and the satellite.
[0049] For example, the processor of the terminal device can periodically detect the communication quality of the helix directions of the circularly polarized waves generated when the first switch 1051 and the second switch 1052 are separately closed by controlling the on / off states of the first switch 1051 and the second switch 1052, and use the helix direction of the circularly polarized wave with high communication quality for communication.
[0050] For another example, when the signal quality of the satellite communication is poor, the processor of the terminal device can switch the helix direction of the circularly polarized wave by controlling the on / off states of the first switch 1051 and the second switch 1052 to improve the signal quality of the satellite communication.
[0051] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device is provided, and the terminal device includes the circularly polarized antenna structure described in any of the above embodiments.
[0052] Please refer to the appendix Figure 3 , which exemplarily shows a block diagram of the terminal device. For example, the device 300 can be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a messaging device, a game console, a tablet device, a medical device, a fitness device, a personal digital assistant, etc.
[0053] Referring to Figure 3 , the device 300 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 302, a memory 304, a power component 306, a multimedia component 308, an audio component 310, an input / output (I / O) interface 312, a sensor component 314, and a communication component 316.
[0054] The processing component 302 generally controls the overall operation of the device 300, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operations, and recording operations. The processing component 302 may include one or more processors 320 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the above-described methods. In addition, the processing component 302 may include one or more modules to facilitate the interaction between the processing component 302 and other components. For example, the processing component 302 may include a multimedia module to facilitate the interaction between the multimedia component 308 and the processing component 302.
[0055] The memory 304 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of the device 300. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on the device 300, contact data, phone book data, messages, pictures, videos, and the like. The memory 304 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
[0056] The power component 306 provides power to the various components of the device 300. The power component 306 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for the device 300.
[0057] The multimedia component 308 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the device 300 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of the touch or swipe actions but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 308 includes a front camera and / or a rear camera. When the device 300 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and / or the rear camera may receive external multimedia data. Each of the front camera and the rear camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.
[0058] The audio component 310 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 310 includes a microphone (MIC), which is configured to receive external audio signals when the device 300 is in an operating mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signals can be further stored in the memory 304 or transmitted via the communication component 316. In some embodiments, the audio component 310 further includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.
[0059] The I / O interface 312 provides an interface between the processing component 302 and a peripheral interface module, and the peripheral interface module can be a keyboard, a click wheel, buttons, etc. These buttons can include, but are not limited to: a home button, a volume button, a power button, and a lock button.
[0060] The sensor component 314 includes one or more sensors for providing an assessment of various aspects of the state of the device 300. For example, the sensor component 314 can detect the on / off state of the device 300, the relative positioning of components, such as the display and keypad of the device 300. The sensor component 314 can also detect a change in the position of the image detection device 300 or a component of the device 300, the presence or absence of user contact with the device 300, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of the device 300, and the temperature change of the device 300. The sensor component 314 can also include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. The sensor component 314 can also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor component 314 can further include an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.
[0061] The communication component 316 is configured to facilitate communication between the device 300 and other devices in a wired or wireless manner. The device 300 can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 2G or 3G, 4G or 5G, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 316 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 316 further includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module can be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.
[0062] In an exemplary embodiment, the device 300 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components.
[0063] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure upon considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are only to be considered as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the following claims.
[0064] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A circularly polarized antenna structure, characterized in that: include: A main body branch, wherein the main body branch comprises a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm connected to each other, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are perpendicular to each other, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are equal in length, and a feeding point is provided on the main body branch; A feeding unit is connected to the feeding point.
2. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circularly polarized antenna structure includes a first feeding unit, a second feeding unit, a first switch and a second switch; The first radiating arm is provided with a first feeding point, the first feeding unit is connected to the first feeding point through the first switch, the second radiating arm is provided with a second feeding point, and the second feeding unit is connected to the second feeding point through the second switch.
3. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first feeding point is located at an end of the first radiating arm away from the second radiating arm, and the second feeding point is located at an end of the second radiating arm away from the first radiating arm.
4. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, the first radiating arm operates in a quarter-wavelength mode; When the second switch is closed and the first switch is open, the second radiating arm operates in a quarter-wavelength mode.
5. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, the main body branch presents a first rotation direction; When the second switch is closed and the first switch is open, the main body branch presents a second rotation direction, wherein the first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.
6. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation arm or the second radiation arm is located at the top of the middle frame of the terminal device.
7. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tuning frequency band of the main branch is the satellite communication frequency band.
8. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circularly polarized antenna structure further includes an amplitude and phase adjustment unit, and an amplitude and phase adjustment point is provided on the main branch; The amplitude-phase adjustment unit is connected to the amplitude-phase adjustment point, and is used to adjust the phase of the first radiation arm and / or the second radiation arm, and the amplitude of the first radiation arm and / or the second radiation arm.
9. The circularly polarized antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The amplitude and phase adjustment point is located at the connection between the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm.
10. A terminal device, characterized in that: The terminal device comprises the circularly polarized antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.