Two-stage separation type gas-water separator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two-stage separation type gas-water separator which comprises a gas-water separator body, the gas-water separator body is provided with an inner cavity used for gas-water separation, the inner cavity is divided into a first-stage separation area and a second-stage separation area, a first water storage chamber is arranged below the first-stage separation area, a second water storage chamber is arranged below the second-stage separation area, and the first water storage chamber is communicated with the second water storage chamber. The end, located in the inner cavity, of the air inlet pipe extends into the first water storage chamber, so that when at least the first water storage chamber is full of water, one end of the air inlet pipe is located under the water surface; the first water storage chamber is provided with a first drainage port, and a first drainage valve is arranged at the first drainage port; the second water storage chamber is provided with a second water outlet, and a second water outlet valve is arranged at the second water outlet. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator disclosed by the utility model is simple in structure and convenient to process, and is high in gas-liquid separation efficiency through two-stage separation, particularly when dry and wet mixed gas is introduced into water for separating water from hydrogen during first-stage separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a two-stage separation type gas-water separator. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells have the advantages of high fuel energy conversion rate, low noise and zero emissions. They can be widely used in transportation vehicles such as automobiles, airplanes, trains, and fixed power stations.

[0003] The fuel cell stack is the core component of the fuel cell engine. The anode side is also the hydrogen side. After the hydrogen reaction, the remaining unreacted hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen tail outlet and returned to the hydrogen inlet for reuse. The water produced by the reaction will be mixed in the anode tail outlet. After the anode side reaction gas is mixed with liquid water, it is easy to cause flooding to the stack. If the liquid water mixed in the reaction gas is not treated, a large amount of liquid water will enter the stack, affecting the performance of the fuel cell stack. In order to avoid anode flooding, a gas-water separator is added to the anode side inlet of the fuel cell stack to separate the liquid water in the anode tail outlet.

[0004] In the prior art, the commonly used gas-water separators are mostly primary separation gas-water separators, which have poor separation effect and are prone to carry some liquid water into the fuel cell stack inlet.

[0005] For example, the utility model with authorization announcement number CN219186189U discloses a gas-water separator for a fuel cell, comprising: an outer shell, one end of which is provided with an air inlet and the other end of which is provided with an air outlet; and a plurality of partitions arranged in the outer shell, each of the partitions being arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet, and the partitions are staggered relative to each other up and down to form a gas flow channel with multiple bends, and the surface of the partition is provided with an inclined drainage groove.

[0006] The two-stage separation gas-water separator currently used in fuel cells has a complex structure and is inconvenient to process and install. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provides a two-stage separation type gas-water separator.

[0008] A two-stage separation type gas-water separator, comprising a gas-water separator body, the gas-water separator body having an inner cavity for gas-water separation, one side of the gas-water separator body being provided with an opening and being matched with a cover plate, the gas-water separator body also having an inlet for anode tail discharge into the inner cavity and a hydrogen outlet for discharging separated hydrogen, the inlet having an air inlet pipe extending into the inner cavity at one end, and the other end of the air inlet pipe extending out of the gas-water separator body having the inlet;

[0009] The inner cavity is divided into a primary separation area and a secondary separation area, a first water storage chamber is provided below the primary separation area, and a second water storage chamber is provided below the secondary separation area, and one end of the air inlet pipe located in the inner cavity extends into the first water storage chamber, so that when at least the first water storage chamber is full of water, one end of the air inlet pipe is located below the water surface;

[0010] The first water storage chamber has a first drain outlet, and a first drain valve is provided at the first drain outlet; the second water storage chamber has a second drain outlet, and a second drain valve is provided at the second drain outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the top opening of the first water storage chamber is covered with a wave-proof plug plate, and the wave-proof plug plate has a first through hole for gas and liquid to pass through; the air inlet pipe is located at one end of the inner cavity and passes through the wave-proof plug plate.

[0012] More preferably, the side wall of the primary separation zone has a first mounting slot, and both sides of the wave-proof plug plate are respectively plugged into one of the first mounting slots, and the first mounting slot extends to the opening side of the gas-water separator body. When the wave-proof plug plate is installed, both sides are respectively inserted into the first mounting slot from the opening side of the gas-water separator body.

[0013] Preferably, there is a gap between the primary separation zone and the secondary separation zone for gas and liquid to pass through, and the second water storage chamber is at least lower than the gap.

[0014] More preferably, the second water storage chamber is lower than the first water storage chamber.

[0015] More preferably, the hydrogen outlet is located at the top of the secondary separation zone, and a plurality of baffles for improving the gas-liquid separation effect are further provided in the secondary separation zone.

[0016] Further preferably, the notch corresponds to the bottom of the secondary separation zone where a baffle area is provided.

[0017] Further preferably, the baffles extend obliquely downward from the side walls of the secondary separation zone toward the middle and are alternately distributed, forming flow channels that bend back and forth between the baffles.

[0018] Further preferably, the baffles are divided into non-porous baffles and perforated baffles, the perforated baffles are provided with second through holes for gas and liquid to pass through, and the non-porous baffles and perforated baffles are alternately distributed.

[0019] Further preferably, the side wall of the secondary separation zone has a second mounting slot, and the baffle has a clamping portion for cooperating with the second mounting slot for installation, the second mounting slot extends to the open side of the gas-water separator body, and when the baffle is installed, the clamping portion is inserted into the second mounting slot from the open side of the gas-water separator body.

[0020] When the utility model two-stage separation type gas-water separator is in use, the inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the anode side of the fuel cell stack, that is, the hydrogen tail outlet, and the dry-wet mixed gas enters the primary separation area in the inner cavity of the gas-water separator body from the inlet pipe for primary separation. When there is no liquid water in the first water storage chamber of the primary separation area, the dry-wet mixed gas impacts the wall of the first water storage chamber along the inlet pipe, and the flow direction of the dry-wet mixed gas changes, and the liquid water undergoes primary separation. The separated liquid water is stored in the first water storage chamber. When the first water storage chamber stores enough liquid water (the liquid level is higher than the inlet pipe located at one end of the inner cavity), the dry-wet mixed gas enters the liquid water along the inlet pipe, and the mixed water gas is separated by utilizing the characteristic that hydrogen is insoluble in water. After the primary separation, the gas and liquid enter the secondary separation area from the primary separation area. After the secondary separation, the liquid water is stored in the second water storage chamber below, and the hydrogen exits the gas-water separator from the hydrogen outlet and flows back to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack. After the entire fuel cell system is operated, the water accumulated in the first water storage chamber is drained by opening the first drain valve; the water accumulated in the second water storage chamber is drained periodically by periodically opening the second drain valve.

[0021] The utility model has a two-stage separation type gas-water separator with a simple structure and is easy to process. Through two-stage separation, especially in the first-stage separation, the dry-wet mixed gas is introduced into water to separate water and hydrogen, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the two-stage separation type gas-water separator of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the two-stage separation type gas-water separator of the utility model from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the inner cavity structure of the two-stage separation type gas-water separator of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the inner cavity structure of the two-stage separation type gas-water separator of the utility model.

[0026] Figure numerals: gas-water separator body 1, cover plate 2, inlet 3, hydrogen outlet 4, air inlet pipe 5, primary separation area 6, secondary separation area 7, first water storage chamber 8, second water storage chamber 9, first drain valve 10, second drain valve 11, wave-proof plug plate 12, first through hole 13, notch 14, non-porous baffle 15, perforated baffle 16, second through hole 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a two-stage separation type gas-water separator comprises a gas-water separator body 1, the gas-water separator body 1 has an inner cavity for gas-water separation, one side of the inner cavity is open and equipped with a cover plate 2, and the cover plate 2 is fixed to the gas-water separator body 1 by bolts.

[0028] The gas-water separator body 1 also has an inlet 3 for the anode tail discharge into the inner cavity and a hydrogen outlet 4 for discharging the separated hydrogen. The inlet 3 has an air inlet pipe 5 with one end extending into the inner cavity, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 5 extending outside the gas-water separator body 1 has an inlet 3.

[0029] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the inner cavity of the gas-water separator body 1 is divided into a primary separation zone 6 and a secondary separation zone 7. A first water storage chamber 8 is provided below the primary separation zone 6, and a second water storage chamber 9 is provided below the secondary separation zone 7. An air inlet pipe 5 is located at one end of the inner cavity and extends into the first water storage chamber 8, so that when at least the first water storage chamber 8 is full of water, one end of the air inlet pipe 5 is located below the water surface.

[0030] The first water storage chamber 8 has a first drain port, at which a first drain valve 10 is provided; the second water storage chamber 9 has a second drain port, at which a second drain valve 11 is provided. The opening and closing of the first drain valve 10 and the second drain valve 11 control the drainage operation of the first water storage chamber 8 and the second water storage chamber 9, respectively.

[0031] The top opening of the first water storage chamber 8 is covered with a wave-proof plug plate 12, and the wave-proof plug plate 12 has a first through hole 13 for gas and liquid to pass through. The side wall of the primary separation area 6 has a first installation slot, and both sides of the wave-proof plug plate 12 are respectively plugged into a first installation slot, and the first installation slot extends to the opening side of the gas-water separator body. When installing the wave-proof plug plate 12, both sides are inserted into the first installation slot from the opening side of the gas-water separator body.

[0032] The air intake pipe 5 is located at one end of the inner cavity and passes through the anti-wave plug plate 12. The air intake pipe 5 guides the anode tail discharge to flow into the first water storage chamber 8. The anode tail discharge is a mixed gas. After impacting the wall of the first water storage chamber 8, the water and gas are separated, and liquid water accumulates in the first water storage chamber 8. As the liquid water accumulates more and more, it eventually submerges the bottom end of the air intake pipe 5. The airflow impact when the air intake pipe 5 is inhaled will cause the liquid water in the first water storage chamber 8 to splash, and the anti-wave plug plate 12 can reduce the degree of liquid water splashing; at the same time, it reduces the excessive flow of liquid water in the first water storage chamber 8 into the second water storage chamber 9, ensuring that there is enough liquid water in the first water storage chamber 8.

[0033] There is a gap 14 for gas and liquid to pass through between the primary separation zone 6 and the secondary separation zone 7, and the second water storage chamber 9 is at least lower than the gap 14. In the structure shown in the figure, the second water storage chamber 9 is lower than the first water storage chamber 8. Therefore, the water overflowing from the first water storage chamber 8 enters the second water storage chamber 9.

[0034] The hydrogen outlet 4 is located at the top of the secondary separation zone 7. A number of baffles are also provided in the secondary separation zone 7 to improve the gas-liquid separation effect. The notch 14 corresponds to the bottom of the baffle area of ​​the secondary separation zone 7. The baffles extend downward from the side wall of the secondary separation zone 7 and are alternately distributed, forming a flow channel that bends back and forth between the baffles.

[0035] The side wall of the secondary separation zone 7 has a second mounting slot, and the baffle has a snap-on portion for cooperating with the second mounting slot. The second mounting slot extends to the opening side of the gas-water separator body. When the baffle is installed, the snap-on portion is inserted into the second mounting slot from the opening side of the gas-water separator body.

[0036] The baffles are divided into non-porous baffles 15 and perforated baffles 16. The perforated baffles 16 are provided with second through holes 17 for gas and liquid to pass through. The non-porous baffles 15 and the perforated baffles 16 are alternately distributed. The baffle design purpose is to allow the mixed gas to flow in the middle of the baffles along the gap between the baffles. When the gas flows upward, it can contact the baffles to condense water to form liquid water, forming a secondary separation. When the liquid water flows down along the baffle under the influence of gravity, it can fall along the second through hole 17 on the perforated baffle 16, increasing the speed at which the separated liquid water falls back to the second water storage chamber 9.

[0037] By using multi-stage baffles, the mixed gas entering the secondary separation zone 7 can be effectively separated at the secondary level, and the liquid water can be gathered on the baffle wall. At the same time, the baffles are arranged at a certain angle, and under the action of gravity, it is convenient for the liquid water to enter the second water storage chamber 9.

[0038] When the two-stage separation gas-water separator of the utility model is in use, the air inlet pipe is connected to the anode side outlet of the fuel cell stack, that is, the hydrogen tail outlet. The anode tail outlet is a dry-wet mixed gas containing hydrogen and water. The dry-wet mixed gas enters the primary separation area 6 in the inner cavity of the gas-water separator body 1 from the air inlet pipe 5 for primary separation. When there is no liquid water in the first water storage chamber 8 of the primary separation area 6, the dry-wet mixed gas impacts the wall of the first water storage chamber 8 along the air inlet pipe 5, and the flow direction of the dry-wet mixed gas changes. The liquid water undergoes primary separation. The separated liquid water is stored in the first water storage chamber 8. When the first water storage chamber 8 stores enough liquid water (the liquid level is higher than the end of the inner cavity of the air inlet pipe 5), the dry-wet mixed gas enters the liquid water along the air inlet pipe 5, and the mixed water gas is separated by utilizing the property that hydrogen is insoluble in water. After the primary separation, the gas and liquid enter the secondary separation area 7 from the primary separation area 6 through the gap 14. After the secondary separation with the assistance of the baffles in the secondary separation area 7, the liquid water is stored in the second water storage chamber 9 below, and the hydrogen exits the gas-water separator from the hydrogen outlet 4 and flows back to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack. After the operation of the entire fuel cell system is completed, the first drain valve 10 is opened for drainage of the water accumulated in the first water storage chamber 8; the water accumulated in the second water storage chamber 9 is regularly discharged by regularly opening the second drain valve 11.

Claims

1. A two-stage separation gas-water separator, comprising a gas-water separator body, the gas-water separator body having an inner cavity for gas-water separation, one side of the gas-water separator body being opened and equipped with a cover plate, the gas-water separator body also having an inlet for anode tail discharge into the inner cavity and a hydrogen outlet for discharging separated hydrogen, characterized in that: The inlet has an air inlet pipe with one end extending into the inner cavity, and the other end of the air inlet pipe extending out of the air-water separator body has the inlet; The inner cavity is divided into a primary separation area and a secondary separation area, a first water storage chamber is provided below the primary separation area, and a second water storage chamber is provided below the secondary separation area, and one end of the air inlet pipe located in the inner cavity extends into the first water storage chamber, so that when at least the first water storage chamber is full of water, one end of the air inlet pipe is located below the water surface; The first water storage chamber has a first drain outlet, and a first drain valve is provided at the first drain outlet; the second water storage chamber has a second drain outlet, and a second drain valve is provided at the second drain outlet.

2. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top opening of the first water storage chamber is covered with a wave-proof plug plate, and the wave-proof plug plate has a first through hole for gas and liquid to pass through; the air inlet pipe is located at one end of the inner cavity and passes through the wave-proof plug plate.

3. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the primary separation zone has a first mounting slot, and both sides of the wave-proof plug plate are respectively plugged into one of the first mounting slots, and the first mounting slot extends to the open side of the gas-water separator body. When installing the wave-proof plug plate, both sides are inserted into the first mounting slots from the open side of the gas-water separator body.

4. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the primary separation zone and the secondary separation zone for gas and liquid to pass through, and the second water storage chamber is at least lower than the gap.

5. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second water storage chamber is lower than the first water storage chamber.

6. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen outlet is located at the top of the secondary separation zone, and a plurality of baffles for improving the gas-liquid separation effect are also arranged in the secondary separation zone.

7. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The notch corresponds to the bottom of the secondary separation zone where the baffle plate is located.

8. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The baffles extend obliquely downward from the side walls of the secondary separation zone toward the middle and are alternately distributed, and flow channels that bend back and forth are formed between the baffles.

9. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baffles are divided into non-porous baffles and perforated baffles. The perforated baffles are provided with second through holes for gas and liquid to pass through. The non-porous baffles and perforated baffles are alternately distributed.

10. The two-stage separation type gas-water separator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side wall of the secondary separation zone has a second mounting slot, and the baffle has a clamping portion for cooperating with the second mounting slot for installation. The second mounting slot extends to the opening side of the gas-water separator body. When the baffle is installed, the clamping portion is inserted into the second mounting slot from the opening side of the gas-water separator body.

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