Solar heating device
By designing a solar heating device that combines heat absorption panels, heat storage modules and heating components, the problems of poor heating effects in winter and complex and high cost in rural areas are solved, and the effect of flexible switching of heating modes and reducing energy consumption is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421927752.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing solar heating technology is poor in winter heating in rural areas, and the system is complex and costly, making it difficult to promote on a large scale.
Design a solar heating device, combining heat absorption panels, heat storage modules and heating components, switch heating modes according to environmental conditions and heating needs, and combines the advantages of hot air heating and heat pump heating.
It realizes flexible switching of heating modes under different solar radiation conditions to ensure heating effect and reduce energy consumption, and is suitable for winter heating needs in rural areas.
Smart Images
Figure CN222951103U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization and heating, in particular to a solar energy heating device. Background Art
[0002] Solar heating is a technology that uses solar energy to convert light energy into heat energy to provide winter heating for buildings. With the continuous increase in energy consumption and the increasingly serious environmental pollution problems, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, has attracted more and more attention.
[0003] Especially in rural areas, the temperature is extremely low in winter. Although the traditional hot air heating has a simple structure and does not require energy consumption, its heating capacity is insufficient and is greatly affected by sunlight. The air source heat pump has a strong heating capacity and can extract heat from the outside air in a low temperature environment and release heat to the room through processes such as compression and condensation. It is not restricted by sunlight, but because the equipment is exposed to a low temperature environment, it is easy to produce frost and other phenomena that affect the heat exchange performance.
[0004] In the related technology, there is a heating method that connects the solar evaporator and the air source evaporator in parallel to improve the stability and heating capacity, but this method makes the system more complicated and the cost is also high. Especially for rural areas, the high energy consumption also makes it difficult to promote such a heating method on a large scale. Therefore, how to provide a solar heating device that can not only ensure the heating effect, adapt to different environmental conditions, but also reduce energy consumption to a certain extent has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a solar heating device, which can change the heating mode according to different environmental conditions or heating needs through the cooperation of heat absorption plates, heat storage modules and heating components, and has the advantages of hot air heating and heat pump heating.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a solar heating device, including: a shell, the shell is configured to allow sunlight to pass through; a heat absorbing plate is arranged in the shell, configured to absorb heat from the sunlight and exchange heat with the air; a heating component is arranged in the shell, the interior of the heating component is filled with a heat transfer medium, and has: a first state of using the heat transfer medium to heat the room; and a second state of absorbing heat from the sunlight together with the heat absorbing plate and exchanging heat with the indoor air to heat the room; a heat storage module is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and is configured to supply heat to the heat transfer medium of the heating component in response to the heating component being in the first state, and, in response to the heating component being in the second state, exchange heat with at least a part of the indoor air to store heat.
[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, a first inlet and a first outlet are formed on the shell. In response to the heating component being in the first state, outdoor air enters the shell from the first inlet, exchanges heat with the heat storage module, transfers heat to the heat transfer medium, and is discharged to the outdoors from the first outlet.
[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, a second inlet and a second outlet are further formed on the shell. In response to the heating component being in the second state, the indoor air enters the shell from the second inlet, exchanges heat with the heating component and the heat absorbing plate, flows through the heat storage module and returns to the room from the second outlet.
[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the heating component includes: an evaporator, arranged in the shell, the interior of the evaporator is filled with a heat transfer medium, suitable for converting solar energy into thermal energy; a compressor, arranged outside the shell and connected to the evaporator through a pipeline, configured to suck the heat transfer medium in the evaporator and compress it; a condenser, suitable for allowing the compressed heat transfer medium to release heat to heat the room.
[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the evaporator includes: a heat collecting plate installed between two opposite side plates of the shell, the upper surface of the heat collecting plate is arranged toward the sunlight; a coil is arranged on the lower surface of the heat collecting plate, the coil is filled with the heat transfer medium, and is connected to the compressor through a pipeline; a fin group includes a bottom plate and a plurality of fins spaced apart on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the coil so that the coil is clamped between the heat collecting plate and the fin group.
[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the upper surface of the above-mentioned heat collecting plate is provided with a coating, which is suitable for improving the absorption rate of solar radiation.
[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the thermal storage module includes a plurality of mutually parallel phase-change thermal storage plates, and air channels are formed between adjacent phase-change thermal storage plates.
[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the inner wall of the shell.
[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of through holes are formed on the heat absorbing plate.
[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the heat absorbing plate is constructed as a bent multi-segment plate.
[0016] The solar heating device provided by the utility model has two working states for the heating component. When the solar radiation is relatively high, that is, when it is in the first state, the heat exchange process of the internal heat transfer medium is used to heat the room. At this time, the heat source of the heat transfer medium is partly the heat generated by the direct irradiation of the solar light on the heating component, and the other part is the heat of the heat absorber and the heat storage module. When the solar radiation is relatively strong, that is, when it is in the second state, the irradiation of the solar light increases the temperature of the heating component and the heat absorber. After the indoor air is sucked into the shell, it exchanges heat with the heating component and the heat absorber in turn to form hot air and blow it back into the room. Before returning to the room, part of the hot air will also exchange heat with the heat storage module, so that part of the heat can be stored for use when the solar radiation is relatively strong. This setting makes it possible to use hot air heating with extremely low energy consumption or even zero energy consumption when solar radiation is strong, and to use heat transfer media for heat exchange to make up for the heating demand when solar radiation is weak. Different heating modes can be used in response to different environmental conditions to fully meet the rural winter heating needs and energy consumption requirements, ensure the stability of heating, and have the advantages of both hot air heating and heat pump heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a solar heating device provided by the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a solar heating device at another angle in the exemplary embodiment shown;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a solar heating device provided by the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective structural diagram of an evaporator in an exemplary embodiment is shown.
[0022] In the above drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:
[0023] 1. Shell;
[0024] 11. Side panels;
[0025] 12. First import;
[0026] 13. First exit;
[0027] 14. Second import;
[0028] 15. Second exit;
[0029] 2. Heat absorbing plate;
[0030] 21. Through hole;
[0031] 3. Heat storage module;
[0032] 4. Evaporator;
[0033] 41. Collector plate;
[0034] 42. Coil;
[0035] 43. Fin group;
[0036] 431, bottom plate;
[0037] 432, fins;
[0038] 5. Compressor;
[0039] 6. Condenser;
[0040] 7. Insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0042] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The terms "include", "comprises", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.
[0043] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.
[0044] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted as the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc. When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted as the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.
[0045] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only for reference to the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may cause confusion in the understanding of the present invention.
[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a solar heating device provided by the utility model. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a solar heating device at another angle in the exemplary embodiment shown, Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a solar heating device provided by the utility model.
[0047] The exemplary embodiment of the present utility model provides a solar heating device, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a shell 1, a heat absorbing plate 2, a heating component and a heat storage module 3. The shell 1 is configured to allow sunlight to pass through, and the heat absorbing plate 2 is arranged in the shell 1 and is configured to absorb the heat of sunlight and exchange heat with the air. The heating component is arranged in the shell 1, and the interior of the heating component is filled with a heat transfer medium, and has a first state of using the heat transfer medium to heat the room, and a second state of absorbing the heat of sunlight together with the heat absorbing plate 2 and exchanging heat with the indoor air to heat the room. The heat storage module 3 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and is configured to supply heat to the heat transfer medium of the heating component in response to the heating component being in the first state, and, in response to the heating component being in the second state, exchange heat with at least a part of the indoor air to store heat.
[0048] In such an embodiment, the heat absorbing plate 2 and the heat storage module 3 are both arranged in the shell 1, the heat storage module 3 is placed at the bottom of the shell 1, the heat absorbing plate 2 is located above the heat storage module 3, and the heat absorbing plate 2 is also placed at the bottom of the shell 1 and abuts against the inner wall of the shell 1 at the same time. The heating component is located above the heat absorbing plate 2, and has two working states according to different environmental conditions. When the solar radiation is relatively large, that is, it corresponds to the first state, the heat exchange process of the heat transfer medium is used to heat the room. At this time, the heat source of the heat transfer medium is partly the heat generated by the direct irradiation of the sunlight on the heating component, and the other part is the heat of the heat absorber 2 and the heat storage module 3. When the solar radiation is relatively strong, that is, it corresponds to the second state, the irradiation of the sunlight increases the temperature of the heating component and the heat absorber 2, and the indoor air is sucked into the shell 1 and exchanges heat with the heating component and the heat absorber 2 in turn to form hot air and blow it back to the room. Before returning to the room, part of the hot air will also exchange heat with the heat storage module 3, so that when the solar radiation is relatively strong, a part of the heat can be stored for use. Such an arrangement makes it possible to use hot air heating with extremely low energy consumption or even zero energy consumption when solar radiation is strong, and to use phase change of heat transfer fluid to make up for the heating demand when solar radiation is weak, and to use heat exchange of heat transfer fluid to make up for the heating demand when solar radiation is weak, thereby ensuring the stability of heating and combining the advantages of hot air heating and heat pump heating.
[0049] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first inlet 12 and a first outlet 13 are formed on the shell 1. In response to the heating component being in the first state, the outdoor air enters the shell 1 from the first inlet 12, exchanges heat with the heat storage module 3, transfers the heat to the heat transfer medium, and is discharged outdoors through the first outlet 13.
[0050] In such an embodiment, the first inlet 12 is arranged at a position close to the lower part of the shell 1, corresponding to the heat storage module 3, and the first outlet 13 is arranged at a position close to the upper part of the shell 1, so that the outdoor air can fully exchange heat with the heat storage module 3 after entering the shell 1, and flow from bottom to top in the vertical direction to the heating component to transfer heat to the heat transfer medium in the heating component, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and reducing heat dissipation.
[0051] For example, Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the first outlet 13 is arranged at the top of the housing 1 to facilitate air discharge.
[0052] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second inlet 14 and a second outlet 15 are also formed on the shell 1. In response to the heating component being in the second state, the indoor air enters the shell 1 from the second inlet 14, exchanges heat with the heating component and the heat absorption plate 2, flows through the heat storage module 3 and returns to the room from the second outlet 15.
[0053] In such an embodiment, the second inlet 14 is arranged at the upper part of the housing 1, corresponding to the heating component, and the second outlet 15 is arranged at the lower part of the housing 1, corresponding to the heat storage module 3, so that the indoor air, after absorbing the heat from the heating component and the heat absorbing plate 2, flows through the heat storage module 3 and then returns to the room, so as to store a small part of the heat in the heat storage module 3. Alternatively, after the indoor air temperature is substantially equal to the temperature of the heating component and the heat absorbing plate 2, the heat storage module 3 enters the high-efficiency heat storage stage.
[0054] In some other embodiments, grilles are provided at the first inlet 12 and the second inlet 14 to prevent foreign matter from entering the housing 1. Exhaust fans are provided at the first outlet 13 and the second outlet 15 to drive air flow.
[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the heating assembly includes an evaporator 4, a compressor 5 and a condenser 6. The evaporator 4 is arranged in the housing 1, and the interior of the evaporator 4 is filled with a heat transfer medium, which is suitable for converting solar energy into thermal energy. The compressor 5 is arranged outside the housing 1 and connected to the evaporator 4 through a pipeline, and is configured to suck the heat transfer medium in the evaporator 4 and compress it. The condenser 6 is suitable for releasing heat from the compressed heat transfer medium to heat the room.
[0056] In such an embodiment, the evaporator 4 is arranged on the upper part of the heat absorbing plate 2 and is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shell 1. The evaporator 4 can increase in temperature under the irradiation of sunlight and transfer part of the heat to the internal heat transfer medium, or directly transfer it to the indoor air.
[0057] It should be noted here that Figure 1-Figure 3 The compressor 5 and condenser 6 shown in the figure are only used to illustrate the composition and internal connection relationship of the heating component. It can be understood that the compressor 5 and condenser 6 can also be arranged in any other position, such as indoors, instead of just in the above position. Figure 1-Figure 3 The position close to the shell 1 shown in the figure only needs to ensure the pipeline connection between the evaporator 4, the compressor 5 and the condenser 6.
[0058] In some other embodiments, taking the liquid heat transfer medium as an example, it absorbs heat at the evaporator 4 and changes into a gaseous heat transfer medium, which is then sucked into the compressor 5, and after being compressed, it forms a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous heat transfer medium with more thermal energy, and then flows into the condenser 6, releases heat into the room, and condenses into a liquid heat transfer medium and flows back to the evaporator 4. Generally speaking, an expansion valve is also provided between the evaporator 4 and the condenser 6, which is used to cool and reduce the pressure of the condensed liquid heat transfer medium so that it can return to the evaporator 4 to better absorb the heat from the external heat source. It should be noted that when using a heat transfer medium to heat the room, the phase change process does not occur in all cases. As long as the heat transfer medium absorbs heat at the evaporator 4, its own temperature, pressure, enthalpy value and other parameters rise, and releases heat after passing through the compressor 5 and the condenser 6, and returns to the initial state, the heating requirements can be met.
[0059] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective structural diagram of an evaporator in an exemplary embodiment is shown.
[0060] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the evaporator 4 further includes a heat collecting plate 41, a coil 42 and a fin group 43. The heat collecting plate 41 is installed between two opposite side plates 11 of the shell 1, and the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 41 is arranged toward the sunlight. The coil 42 is arranged on the lower surface of the heat collecting plate, and the interior of the coil 42 is filled with a heat transfer medium and is connected to the compressor 5 through a pipeline. The fin group 43 includes a bottom plate 431 and a plurality of fins 432 spaced apart on the bottom plate 431, and the bottom plate 431 is fixedly connected to the coil 42 so that the coil 42 is sandwiched between the heat collecting plate 41 and the fin group 43.
[0061] In such an implementation, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the housing 1 is constructed as a cubic structure, wherein three side panels 11 are arranged parallel to the vertical direction, and another side panel 11 is arranged at a certain angle with the vertical direction, the angle being greater than 0°, and the inclined side panel 11 is constructed as a transparent side panel, which allows sunlight to pass through. The heat collecting plate 41 is installed between two vertically placed opposite side panels 11, and is arranged parallel to the inclined side panels 11. The heat collecting plate 41 is a common flat plate, and is approximately the same size as the bottom plate 431. By arranging fins 432 on the bottom plate 431, the heat exchange efficiency between the air and the evaporator 4 can be improved.
[0062] For example, the heat collecting plate 41, the coil 42 and the fin group 43 are connected to each other by welding, or are integrally formed to improve the heat exchange efficiency. The bottom plate 431 and the fin 432 are preferably made by integrally forming technology.
[0063] In some other embodiments, the three vertically placed side panels 11 are galvanized steel plates, and the inclined side panels 11 are ultra-white tempered glass or polycarbonate. The heat collecting plate 41 and the fin group 43 are made of aluminum, and the coil 42 is made of copper.
[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 41 is provided with a coating, which is suitable for improving the absorption rate of solar radiation.
[0065] In such an embodiment, the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 41 can be coated with magnetron sputtered titanium oxynitride or electroplated black chromium solar selective absorption coating, with a heat absorption rate of up to 95%±2%, a reflectivity of less than 8%, and stable performance.
[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the thermal storage module 3 includes a plurality of mutually parallel phase-change thermal storage plates, and air flow channels are formed between adjacent phase-change thermal storage plates.
[0067] In such an embodiment, the heat storage module 3 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, with its three side surfaces being in contact with the three vertical side panels 11, and the bottom surface being in contact with the inner bottom wall of the shell 1, and being opposite to the first outlet 13 and the second inlet 14, which is conducive to heat exchange between air and the heat storage module 3.
[0068] More specifically, the shell of the phase change thermal storage plate is aluminum foil and the interior is filled with paraffin.
[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with an insulation layer 7. Specifically, the insulation layer 7 is attached to the inner walls of the three vertical side panels 11 and is made of glass wool or extruded polystyrene board to insulate the housing 1 and reduce heat loss.
[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of through holes 21 are formed on the heat absorbing plate 2 .
[0071] In such an embodiment, the through holes 21 can increase the contact area between the air and the heat absorbing plate 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the through holes 21 are equivalent to increasing the air flow channel, which is beneficial to improving the smoothness of the air flow.
[0072] More specifically, the opening rate of the through hole 21 on the heat absorbing plate 2 is 8-12% and the aperture is 4 mm. Accordingly, the surface of the heat absorbing plate 2 can also be coated with magnetron sputtering titanium oxynitride or electroplating black chrome solar selective absorption coating to increase the absorption rate of solar radiation.
[0073] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat absorbing plate 2 is constructed as a bent multi-segment plate body.
[0074] For example, Figure 3As shown, the heat absorbing plate 2 is a two-stage plate body in a “<” shape, and is made of 304 stainless steel. The top surface of the heat storage module 3 is constructed as an inclined surface, which is parallel to the lower plate body of the heat absorbing plate 2 .
[0075] The embodiments of the present invention are described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the embodiments are described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, a person skilled in the art may make a variety of substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A solar heating device, characterized in that: include: A housing (1), wherein the housing (1) is configured to allow sunlight to pass through; A heat absorbing plate (2) is arranged in the housing (1) and is configured to absorb heat from sunlight and exchange heat with air; A heating component is arranged in the shell (1), the interior of the heating component is filled with a heat transfer medium, and has: A first state of using a heat transfer medium to heat the room; and The second state is a state in which the heat is absorbed by the heat absorbing plate (2) together with the heat absorbing plate (2) and heat is exchanged with the indoor air to provide indoor heating; The heat storage module (3) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1) and is configured to supply heat to the heat transfer medium of the heating component in response to the heating component being in a first state, and to exchange heat with at least a portion of the indoor air to store heat in response to the heating component being in a second state.
2. The solar heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is formed with a first inlet (12) and a first outlet (13); in response to the heating component being in the first state, outdoor air enters the shell (1) from the first inlet (12), exchanges heat with the heat storage module (3), transfers heat to the heat transfer medium, and is discharged to the outdoors from the first outlet (13).
3. The solar heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell (1) is also provided with a second inlet (14) and a second outlet (15). In response to the heating component being in the second state, indoor air enters the shell (1) from the second inlet (14), exchanges heat with the heating component and the heat absorbing plate (2), flows through the heat storage module (3), and returns to the room from the second outlet (15).
4. The solar heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The heating component comprises: An evaporator (4) is arranged in the shell (1), the interior of the evaporator (4) being filled with a heat transfer medium suitable for converting solar energy into thermal energy; A compressor (5), arranged outside the housing (1) and connected to the evaporator (4) via a pipeline, and configured to draw the heat transfer medium in the evaporator (4) and compress it; The condenser (6) is suitable for releasing heat from the compressed heat transfer medium to provide indoor heating.
5. The solar heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The evaporator (4) comprises: A heat collecting plate (41) is installed between two opposite side plates (11) of the housing (1), with the upper surface of the heat collecting plate (41) being arranged toward sunlight; A coil (42) is arranged on the lower surface of the heat collecting plate (41), the coil (42) is filled with the heat transfer medium and is connected to the compressor (5) via a pipeline; The fin group (43) comprises a bottom plate (431) and a plurality of fins (432) spaced apart on the bottom plate (431); the bottom plate (431) is fixedly connected to the coil (42) so that the coil (42) is sandwiched between the heat collecting plate (41) and the fin group (43).
6. The solar heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the heat collecting plate (41) is provided with a coating, which is suitable for improving the absorption rate of solar radiation.
7. The solar heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat storage module (3) comprises a plurality of mutually parallel phase-change heat storage plates, and air flow channels are formed between adjacent phase-change heat storage plates.
8. The solar heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the shell (1) is provided with a heat insulation layer (7).
9. The solar heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (21) are formed on the heat absorbing plate (2).
10. The solar heating device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat absorbing plate (2) is constructed as a bent multi-segment plate body.