Distributed power supply access unit and distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a distributed power supply access unit and a distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system. The distributed power supply access unit comprises a main chip, and a power supply management unit, an AC voltage detection unit, a dual-mode communication unit, an indicating lamp unit, a storage unit, a real-time clock unit, a safety unit, an RS-485 unit, an RJ45 communication interface unit and a Bluetooth unit which are connected with the main chip. The power supply management unit comprises an AC-DC power supply module and a DC-DC power supply module, a pulse width modulation controller and a power MOSFET are integrated in the AC-DC power supply module, and the AC-DC power supply module is used for AC-DC conversion; the DC-DC power supply module is used for supplying power to the main chip; the RS-485 unit is used for providing at least two paths of RS-485 local communication interfaces; and the RJ45 communication interface unit is used for providing two paths of RJ45 interfaces and supporting access of two paths of photovoltaic inverters. According to the utility model, the transmission of instruction data between the acquisition master station and the photovoltaic inverter can be realized by using the distributed power supply access unit, so that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic system is considerable, measurable, controllable and adjustable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic metering and collection, and in particular relates to a distributed power supply access unit and a distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] In order to make low-voltage distributed photovoltaics observable, measurable, controllable and adjustable, enable the standardized and orderly access of low-voltage distributed photovoltaics, meet business needs such as grid peak regulation and reverse overload management in substations, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the grid, a distributed power supply access solution is needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a distributed power supply access unit and a distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system to achieve observable, measurable, controllable and adjustable low-voltage distributed photovoltaic.

[0004] The utility model provides a distributed power access unit, including a main chip, and a power management unit, an AC voltage detection unit, a dual-mode communication unit, an indicator light unit, a storage unit, a real-time clock unit, a security unit, an RS-485 unit, an RJ45 communication interface unit, and a Bluetooth unit connected to the main chip;

[0005] The power management unit includes an AC-DC power module and a DC-DC power module. The AC-DC power module integrates a pulse width modulation controller and a power MOSFET for AC-DC conversion. The DC-DC power module is used to power the main chip.

[0006] The AC voltage detection unit is used to detect the AC voltage;

[0007] The dual-mode communication unit is used for data interaction and event status feedback;

[0008] The indicator light unit is used to indicate the operating status, maintenance status, uplink communication status, and downlink communication status;

[0009] The storage unit is used to store parameter settings and terminal reporting data;

[0010] The real-time clock unit is used to enable the clock to operate normally for at least 48 hours after the power supply is interrupted;

[0011] The security unit is used to perform identity authentication when communicating with an external device to ensure the authenticity of the identities of both parties in the communication;

[0012] The RS-485 unit is used to provide at least 2 RS-485 local communication interfaces;

[0013] The RJ45 communication interface unit is used to provide 2 RJ45 interfaces to support 2 photovoltaic inverter accesses;

[0014] The Bluetooth unit is used for on-site debugging and maintenance via Bluetooth communication.

[0015] Furthermore, the AC-DC power supply module adopts Deming 8234T to achieve 12V power output, has intelligent protection functions, including periodic over-current protection, overload protection, overvoltage protection, and a built-in intelligent high-voltage starting module.

[0016] Furthermore, the DC-DC power supply module adopts Yutai ETA2842, the power output is 3.3V, and its enable pin ensures the normal operation of the power supply chip when the input voltage is stable through resistor voltage division.

[0017] Furthermore, the dual-mode communication unit adopts a dual-mode communication unit of the State Grid standard, including an HPLC communication circuit and an HRF communication circuit, and its interface circuit adopts a hot-swap-proof interface.

[0018] Furthermore, the storage unit adopts Hengshuo ZB25VQ128DSJG, 3.3V power supply, and has software and hardware write protection functions.

[0019] Furthermore, the real-time clock unit adopts RX-8025T with a built-in high-stability 32.768KHz digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator, supports the high-speed mode of the I2C bus, and has a timing alarm function, a fixed-cycle timing interrupt function, and a time update interrupt function.

[0020] The utility model also provides a distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system using the distributed power access unit, including a collection master station, a collection terminal, an electric energy meter, a photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker, a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic module, and the distributed power access unit;

[0021] The acquisition terminal remotely communicates with the acquisition master station via 4G communication, and the acquisition terminal locally communicates with the electric energy meter and the distributed power access unit via dual-mode or RS-485; the electric energy meter is connected to the photovoltaic inverter via the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker; the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic module; the distributed power access unit communicates with the photovoltaic inverter via the RS-485 unit;

[0022] The electric energy meter is used to measure the power generation of photovoltaic users; the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement grid-connected and off-grid control; the distributed power supply access unit is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement photovoltaic inverter output control.

[0023] The utility model also provides a distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system using the distributed power access unit, characterized in that it includes a collection master station, a collection terminal, an IoT table, a photovoltaic equipment data exchange module, a photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker, a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic module, and the distributed power access unit;

[0024] The acquisition terminal remotely communicates with the acquisition master station via 4G communication, the IoT meter has the distributed power access unit built in, the acquisition terminal locally communicates with the IoT meter via dual-mode, the IoT meter is connected to the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker via Bluetooth or RS-485, the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic module;

[0025] The distributed power access unit built into the IoT meter is connected to the photovoltaic device data exchange module, and the photovoltaic device data exchange module is connected to the photovoltaic inverter via RS-485;

[0026] The photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement on-grid and off-grid control; the distributed power supply access unit built into the IoT meter is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement photovoltaic inverter output control.

[0027] Through the above scheme, through the distributed power access unit and the distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system, the distributed power access unit can be used to realize the transmission of command data between the acquisition master station and the photovoltaic inverter, thereby realizing the observable, measurable, controllable and adjustable low-voltage distributed photovoltaic.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed power access unit of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Ginseng Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a distributed power supply access unit, including a main chip (using Nuvoton M481SIDAE), and a power management unit, an AC voltage detection unit, a dual-mode communication unit, an indicator light unit, a storage unit, a real-time clock unit, a security unit, an RS-485 unit, an RJ45 communication interface unit, and a Bluetooth unit connected to the main chip. The power management unit includes an AC-DC power module and a DC-DC power module. The AC-DC power module integrates a pulse width modulation controller and a power MOSFET for AC-DC conversion; the DC-DC power module is used to power the main chip; the AC voltage detection unit is used to detect the AC voltage; the dual-mode communication unit is used for data interaction and event status feedback; the indicator light unit is used to indicate the operating status, maintenance status, uplink communication status, and downlink communication status; the storage unit is used to store parameter settings and terminal reporting data; the real-time clock unit is used to make the clock run normally for at least 48 hours after the power supply is interrupted; the security unit is used to perform identity authentication when communicating with external devices to ensure the authenticity of the identities of both parties in communication; the RS-485 unit is used to provide at least 2 RS-485 local communication interfaces; the RJ45 communication interface unit is used to provide 2 RJ45 interfaces to support the access of 2 photovoltaic inverters; the Bluetooth unit is used to perform on-site debugging and maintenance through Bluetooth communication.

[0033] In this embodiment, the AC-DC power module adopts Deming 8234T, 220VAC input, and realizes 12V power output. The power chip integrates a pulse width modulation controller and a power MOSFET, and is used for a high-performance AC-DC conversion switching power supply with simplified peripheral components. The AC-DC power module provides extremely comprehensive and excellent intelligent protection functions, including periodic overcurrent protection (externally adjustable), overload protection, overvoltage protection, and soft start function. Ultra-low standby power consumption and optimal efficiency under a wide voltage range are achieved through three different power pulse modulation hybrid technologies and low power consumption technologies. The chip also has a built-in intelligent high-voltage startup module.

[0034] In this embodiment, the DC-DC power supply module adopts Yutai ETA2842, 12VDC input, and 3.3V power output to power the main chip and other functions. The power chip enable pin uses resistor voltage division to ensure that the power chip can work normally only when the input voltage is stable, to prevent the chip from frequently starting and causing system abnormalities when the voltage is unstable.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dual-mode communication unit adopts the dual-mode communication unit (single-phase energy meter) of the State Grid standard, including HPLC communication circuit, HRF communication circuit, and the interface unit is designed to realize the functions of data interaction between the communication module and the distributed power access unit, event status feedback, etc. The interface circuits are all designed to prevent hot plugging, ensuring that components are not damaged after multiple live plugging and unplugging, and the communication module can still work normally.

[0036] In this embodiment, the storage unit adopts Hengshuo ZB25VQ128DSJG, which is powered by 3.3V and has software and hardware write protection functions. The storage unit records the setting parameters of the distributed power supply access unit, terminal reporting data, etc.

[0037] In this embodiment, the real-time clock unit uses a RX-8025T built-in high-stability 32.768KHz digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator (DTCXO), supports the high-speed mode (400K) of the I2C bus, and has a timing alarm function (settable: day, date, hour, minute), a fixed-cycle timing interrupt function, and a time update interrupt function. After the power supply is interrupted, the distributed power access unit stores data for at least 10 years, and the clock operates normally for at least 48 hours. When the power supply is restored, the saved data is not lost, and the internal clock operates normally.

[0038] In this embodiment, the security unit uses the security chip of Zhixin, which integrates the national secret SM1, SM2, SM3, SM4, and SM9 algorithms that comply with the national password management policy. The cryptographic operation of the distributed power access unit is performed through the hardware security module. All keys and certificates should be stored in the hardware security module and come from the power information cryptographic infrastructure of the State Grid Corporation. When the distributed power access unit communicates with external devices such as the main station and the acquisition terminal operation and maintenance tools, identity authentication should be performed first to ensure the authenticity of the identities of both parties in the communication. The distributed power access unit should realize the confidentiality and integrity protection of important data storage.

[0039] In this embodiment, the local communication interface of the distributed power access unit should meet the following requirements: a) it should have at least two RS-485 local communication interfaces, the communication rate can be set, the maximum communication rate is 115200bps, the default is 9600bps, the data bit is 8 bits, the stop bit is 1 bit, and the RS-485I interface should support upstream and downstream adaptive communication; b) the check mode can be set, the default is even check; c) the terminals of the RS-485 interface should be able to withstand AC 380V for 1 minute without damage.

[0040] In this embodiment, the distributed power access unit has Bluetooth communication, meets BLE 5.0 or above requirements, and is used for on-site debugging and maintenance.

[0041] Ginseng Figure 2As shown, a distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system using the distributed power access unit is characterized by comprising a collection master station, a collection terminal (concentrator), an electric energy meter, a photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker, a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic module, and Figure 1 The distributed power access unit shown in the figure; the acquisition terminal remotely communicates with the acquisition master station through 4G communication, and the acquisition terminal locally communicates with the electric energy meter and the distributed power access unit through dual-mode or RS-485; the electric energy meter is connected to the photovoltaic inverter through the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker; the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic module; the distributed power access unit communicates with the photovoltaic inverter through the RS-485 unit; the electric energy meter is used to measure the power generation of photovoltaic users; the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement grid-connection and off-grid control; the distributed power access unit is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement photovoltaic inverter output control. The electric energy meter controls the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker in a level manner.

[0042] Ginseng Figure 2 As shown, another distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system using the distributed power access unit is characterized in that it includes a collection master station, a collection terminal (concentrator), an IoT table, a photovoltaic equipment data exchange module, a photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker, a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic module, and Figure 1 The distributed power access unit shown; the acquisition terminal remotely communicates with the acquisition master station via 4G communication, the distributed power access unit is built into the IoT table, the acquisition terminal locally communicates with the IoT table via dual-mode, the IoT table is connected to the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker via Bluetooth or RS-485, the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic module; the distributed power access unit built into the IoT table is connected to the photovoltaic device data exchange module, and the photovoltaic device data exchange module is connected to the photovoltaic inverter via RS-485; the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement grid-connected and off-grid control; the distributed power access unit built into the IoT table is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement photovoltaic inverter output control.

[0043] The distributed power access unit and distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system can realize the transmission of command data between the acquisition master station and the photovoltaic inverter by utilizing the distributed power access unit, thereby realizing observable, measurable, controllable and adjustable low-voltage distributed photovoltaic.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed power supply access unit, characterized in that: It includes a main chip, and a power management unit, an AC voltage detection unit, a dual-mode communication unit, an indicator light unit, a storage unit, a real-time clock unit, a security unit, an RS-485 unit, an RJ45 communication interface unit, and a Bluetooth unit connected to the main chip; The power management unit includes an AC-DC power module and a DC-DC power module. The AC-DC power module integrates a pulse width modulation controller and a power MOSFET for AC-DC conversion. The DC-DC power module is used to power the main chip. The AC voltage detection unit is used to detect the AC voltage; The dual-mode communication unit is used for data interaction and event status feedback; The indicator light unit is used to indicate the operating status, maintenance status, uplink communication status, and downlink communication status; The storage unit is used to store parameter settings and terminal reporting data; The real-time clock unit is used to enable the clock to operate normally for at least 48 hours after the power supply is interrupted; The security unit is used to perform identity authentication when communicating with an external device to ensure the authenticity of the identities of both parties in the communication; The RS-485 unit is used to provide at least 2 RS-485 local communication interfaces; The RJ45 communication interface unit is used to provide 2 RJ45 interfaces to support 2 photovoltaic inverter accesses; The Bluetooth unit is used for on-site debugging and maintenance via Bluetooth communication.

2. The distributed power access unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC-DC power supply module adopts Deming 8234T to achieve 12V power output and has intelligent protection functions, including periodic over-current protection, overload protection, over-voltage protection, and a built-in intelligent high-voltage starting module.

3. The distributed power access unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The DC-DC power supply module adopts Yutai ETA2842, the power output is 3.3V, and its enable pin uses resistor voltage division to ensure that the power supply chip works normally when the input voltage is stable.

4. The distributed power access unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dual-mode communication unit adopts the dual-mode communication unit of the State Grid standard, including an HPLC communication circuit and an HRF communication circuit, and its interface circuit adopts an anti-hot-plug interface.

5. The distributed power access unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The storage unit adopts Hengshuo ZB25VQ128DSJG, 3.3V power supply, and has software and hardware write protection functions.

6. The distributed power access unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The real-time clock unit adopts RX-8025T with built-in high-stability 32.768KHz digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator, supports the high-speed mode of I2C bus, and has timing alarm function, fixed-cycle timing interrupt function, and time update interrupt function.

7. A distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system using the distributed power access unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It comprises a collection main station, a collection terminal, an electric energy meter, a photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker, a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic module, and a distributed power supply access unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The acquisition terminal remotely communicates with the acquisition master station via 4G communication, and the acquisition terminal locally communicates with the electric energy meter and the distributed power access unit via dual-mode or RS-485; the electric energy meter is connected to the photovoltaic inverter via the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker; the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic module; the distributed power access unit communicates with the photovoltaic inverter via the RS-485 unit; The electric energy meter is used to measure the power generation of photovoltaic users; the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement grid-connected and off-grid control; the distributed power supply access unit is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement photovoltaic inverter output control.

8. A distributed photovoltaic operation monitoring system using the distributed power access unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes a collection main station, a collection terminal, an IoT meter, a photovoltaic equipment data exchange module, a photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker, a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic module, and a distributed power supply access unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The acquisition terminal remotely communicates with the acquisition master station via 4G communication, the IoT meter has the distributed power access unit built in, the acquisition terminal locally communicates with the IoT meter via dual-mode, the IoT meter is connected to the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker via Bluetooth or RS-485, the photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic module; The distributed power access unit built into the IoT meter is connected to the photovoltaic device data exchange module, and the photovoltaic device data exchange module is connected to the photovoltaic inverter via RS-485; The photovoltaic dedicated circuit breaker is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement on-grid and off-grid control; the distributed power supply access unit built into the IoT meter is used to receive instructions from the acquisition master station to implement photovoltaic inverter output control.

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