Photovoltaic shed frame integrated multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic shed frame integrated multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system, comprising a shed frame unit which comprises a rigid support for bearing a photovoltaic panel, a sunshade net and a rotary spraying nozzle; the multifunctional sprinkling irrigation unit comprises a rotary spraying nozzle, a partition electromagnetic valve, a main water supply pipe, a functional electromagnetic valve, a water pump and a water pool which are sequentially connected through pipelines at all levels; the intelligent control unit comprises a system control center which is used for receiving the collected data and then sending out corresponding instructions to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention and control and atomization cooling. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: firstly, integration of the photovoltaic support and the sprinkling irrigation support is realized; 2, the construction cost and the maintenance cost of related agricultural facility equipment systems are greatly reduced; intermittent sprinkling irrigation is achieved, and sprinkling irrigation uniformity and water utilization efficiency of slope sprinkling irrigation are improved; and 4, crop microclimate adjustment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic agriculture, in particular to a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic shed frame. Background Art

[0002] In the past decade or so, China's photovoltaic industry has witnessed explosive development. In the central and eastern regions, the land resources for the construction of photovoltaic power stations are becoming increasingly tense, and the construction of photovoltaic power stations on agricultural land has received more and more attention. When building a photovoltaic power station on agricultural land, the photovoltaic power generation equipment and agricultural production facilities should be highly integrated without affecting the growth of crops and normal farming operations. Using agricultural facility equipment to regulate the microclimate environment for crop growth is an important measure to improve agricultural production, and installing agricultural facility equipment on photovoltaic brackets can reduce the initial installation cost of agricultural facilities. The agricultural sprinkler irrigation system is an important agricultural facility equipment and is widely used in modern facility agriculture.

[0003] Some patents for sprinkler irrigation systems combining photovoltaic power generation and modern agricultural facilities have been authorized, such as "Integrated Drip Irrigation, Sprinkler Irrigation and Fertilization Device for Photovoltaic Agricultural Greenhouse" (Patent No.: 201420464599.X), "A Photovoltaic Agricultural Sprinkler Irrigation and Power Generation Device" (Patent No.: 201420040231.0), and "A Photovoltaic Agricultural Intelligent Irrigation Device" (Patent No.: 202220789314.4), etc.

[0004] However, the existing sprinkler irrigation systems applied in photovoltaic agriculture have the following deficiencies or defects: 1. The integration degree of the photovoltaic bracket and the sprinkler irrigation system bracket is poor, and the frame support function provided by the photovoltaic bracket is not fully utilized. 2. The multi-functionality is insufficient, and the ability to regulate the microclimate environment for crop growth is poor. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a shed frame based on photovoltaic agriculture and its regulation method, which can meet the water and fertilizer requirements of crops under photovoltaic panels, improve the microclimate environment for crop growth and development, and reduce the input cost of agricultural facilities by using the frame support function provided by the photovoltaic bracket.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic shed frame, including a shed frame unit, which comprises a rigid support for carrying photovoltaic panels, sunshade nets and rotary sprinkler nozzles, wherein the photovoltaic panels are installed above the sunshade nets, and the rotary sprinkler nozzles are installed in the space between the photovoltaic panels and the sunshade nets, jointly forming an integral whole with coordinated functions; a multifunctional sprinkler irrigation unit, which includes a rotary sprinkler nozzle, a partition solenoid valve, a main water supply pipe, a function solenoid valve, a water pump and a water tank connected in sequence through various pipelines. The tank area is divided into the same number of small irrigation areas, and the partition solenoid valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the small irrigation areas and are connected to the main water supply pipe. The function solenoid valve is arranged on at least one branch, and the fertilizer-water integrator and the flowmeter are combined and then connected to the branch; an intelligent control unit, including an upper soil humidity sensor, a middle soil humidity sensor, a lower soil humidity sensor for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor for collecting environmental data, all of which are connected to the system control center. The system control center is used to issue corresponding instructions to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention and atomization cooling after receiving the collected data.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm, a water level gauge, a power management module, a wireless communication module, a display screen and a mobile control terminal connected to the system control center; the temperature alarm and the water level gauge are used to respectively detect abnormal signals of the water pump temperature and the water tank water level and upload them to the system control center; the wireless communication module is used for signal interaction between the system control center and the mobile control terminal; the power management module is connected to the electrical equipment and is used to receive the execution protection signal of the system control center, and can force the faulty equipment to stop; the display screen is used to display the real-time monitored signals.

[0008] Preferably, the function solenoid valves are respectively arranged on the parallel fertilization branch and irrigation branch. The fertilization branch includes a fertilizer-water integrator and a flowmeter arranged in sequence, and the flowmeter is used to detect the flow rate of the branch. The fertilizer-water integrator can be started after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the fertilizer-water mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0009] Preferably, the pergola unit further includes a rigid support, a steel cable fixing column, a pressure-bearing steel cable, a photovoltaic panel, a tertiary branch pipe, a secondary branch pipe, and a primary branch pipe; the pressure-bearing steel cables are arranged horizontally at intervals with the rigid support, and both ends of the pressure-bearing steel cables are fixed to the rigid support through the steel cable fixing columns; the photovoltaic panel is arranged above the pressure-bearing steel cable, the tertiary branch pipe is arranged below the pressure-bearing steel cable, and the rotary spray nozzles are arranged below the tertiary branch pipe and are connected; the secondary branch pipe is arranged on one side of each tertiary branch pipe and is connected, and the secondary branch pipe is longitudinally arranged on the rigid support along the arrangement direction of the tertiary branch pipe; the primary branch pipe is connected to the main water supply pipe through a sectional solenoid valve, and water flows through the main water supply pipe, the sectional solenoid valve, the primary branch pipe, the secondary branch pipe, the tertiary branch pipe in sequence, and then is sprayed out through the rotary spray nozzles.

[0010] Preferably, the pergola unit includes an H-shaped steel beam, a U-shaped buckle, an H-shaped steel column, an internal support type fixing pipe clamp, an angle steel connection, a hoop, and a cable tie; the H-shaped steel beam and the H-shaped steel column are respectively used to support the primary branch pipe and the secondary branch pipe of the sprinkler irrigation system, and the connection method between the two is fixed by angle steel connection; the tertiary branch pipe is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable through a hoop or a cable tie, and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle after punching; the secondary branch pipe is fixedly arranged along the H-shaped steel beam of the rigid support in a concealed manner through the U-shaped buckle; the primary branch pipe is arranged attached to the H-shaped steel column through the internal support type fixing pipe clamp.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: First, the water delivery pipeline and the inverted hanging nozzles of the sprinkler irrigation system are arranged relying on the photovoltaic power generation support, realizing the integration of the photovoltaic support and the sprinkler irrigation support; second, functions such as sprinkler irrigation and fertilization, frost prevention, and atomization cooling are integrated, enabling a set of systems to complete multiple agricultural tasks, greatly reducing the construction cost and maintenance cost of related agricultural facility equipment systems; third, when the system control center receives information such as the soil humidity from the soil humidity sensor, it will automatically judge whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization are met according to the program and send corresponding instructions to achieve intermittent sprinkler irrigation, improving the sprinkler irrigation uniformity and water use efficiency of sloping land sprinkler irrigation, and at the same time avoiding the formation of surface runoff and causing soil erosion; fourth, the microclimate of crops is adjusted, and the temperature rise and spray cooling of the irrigation area are achieved by cooperating with the retraction and deployment of the sunshade net. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is the general schematic diagram of the pergola integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system;

[0013] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the small irrigation area;

[0014] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the combination method between the sprinkler irrigation system pipeline and the rigid support;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combination method of the third-level branch pipe and the pressure-bearing steel cable;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of soil moisture sensors.

[0017] Wherein: 1 is a rigid support; 2 is a steel cable fixing column; 3 is a pressure-bearing steel cable; 4 is a photovoltaic panel; 5 is a sunshade net; 6 is a rotary spray nozzle; 7 is a third-level branch pipe; 8 is a second-level branch pipe; 9 is a first-level branch pipe; 10 is an H-shaped steel beam; 11 is a U-shaped buckle; 12 is an H-shaped steel column; 13 is an inner support type fixed pipe clamp; 14 is an angle steel connection; 15 is a hoop; 16 is a tie strap; 17 is an upper soil moisture sensor; 18 is a middle soil moisture sensor; 19 is a lower soil moisture sensor; 20 is a partition solenoid valve; 21 is a main water supply pipe; 22 is a functional solenoid valve; 23 is a water and fertilizer integrated machine; 24 is a flow meter; 25 is a water pump; 26 is a water tank; 27 is a temperature alarm; 28 is a water level measuring instrument; 29 is a power management module; 30 is a system control center; 31 is a wireless communication module; 32 is a display screen; 33 is a mobile control terminal; 34 is an air temperature sensor; A is the characteristic surface layer, B is the typical layer; C is the characteristic deep layer. Specific embodiments

[0018] In order to make the technical solution of the present utility model clearer, the following combines the attached Figures 1 to 5 , and the present utility model is described in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described in this specification are only for explaining the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Embodiment 1

[0020] Refer to Figures 1 - 5As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic shed is proposed. Specifically, the system includes an integrated photovoltaic shed (i.e., a shed unit), a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation unit, and an intelligent control unit. The shed unit is used for the integrated construction of photovoltaic, sprinkler irrigation pipe networks, and sunshade. The multi-functional sprinkler irrigation unit is used to achieve intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling. The intelligent control unit is used to control the operation of the entire system. Further, the shed unit includes a rigid support 1 that bears a photovoltaic panel 4, a sunshade net 5, and a rotary sprinkler head 6. Among them, the photovoltaic panel 4 is installed above the sunshade net 5, and the rotary sprinkler head 6 is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the sunshade net 5, jointly forming an overall with coordinated functions. The multi-functional sprinkler irrigation unit includes a rotary sprinkler head 6, a partition solenoid valve 20, a main water supply pipe 21, a function solenoid valve 22, a water pump 25, and a water tank 26 that are sequentially connected through various levels of pipes. The tank area is divided into the same number of small irrigation areas. The partition solenoid valves 20 are respectively arranged on the small irrigation area pipes and are connected to the main water supply pipe 21. The function solenoid valve 22 is arranged on at least one branch. The water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 and the flow meter 24 are combined and then connected to the branch. The intelligent control unit includes an upper soil humidity sensor 17, a middle soil humidity sensor 18, a lower soil humidity sensor 19 for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor 34 for collecting environmental data, all of which are connected to the system control center 30. The system control center 30 is used to receive the collected data and then issue corresponding instructions to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling.

[0021] It should be understood that the upper soil humidity sensor 17, the middle soil humidity sensor 18, the lower soil humidity sensor 19, and the air temperature sensor 34 for collecting environmental data serve as the data collection modules of the system, and the system control center 30 serves as the control module for the irrigation intelligent control module, the frost prevention intelligent control module, the atomization cooling intelligent control module, and the system operation safety control module; among them, data collection is to collect and monitor environmental data and system operation data; the irrigation intelligent control module, the frost prevention intelligent control module, and the atomization cooling intelligent control module are used to start intermittent sprinkler irrigation work, frost prevention work, or spray cooling work, while the system operation safety control module is used to monitor the system operation status.

[0022] Further, the function solenoid valves 22 are respectively arranged on the parallel fertilization branch and irrigation branch. The fertilization branch includes a water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 and a flow meter 24 arranged in sequence, and the flow meter 24 is used to detect the flow rate of the branch. The water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 can be started after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0023] It should be noted that the sensors involved in this system are all existing sensors, and the system control center 30 is a control component with a mature existing control program. For example, it can be implemented using a microprogram control chip, a controller, and a CPU. At the same time, its data reception, transmission, and processing of sensors, control of solenoid valves, and control of various electronic components within the system are all existing technologies and can be referred to as implicitly disclosed, so they will not be elaborated here. It should also be understood that this solution aims at the integrated multi-functionality of the overall system. It is proposed as an overall solution and belongs to a combined innovation, rather than an improvement of a certain technology. Therefore, when evaluating the disclosure integrity of this solution, the implementation of the utilization of existing control technologies in this application itself should not be targeted. It belongs to the reference technology of this solution, and attention should be paid to the application and results of the control means.

[0024] This embodiment further includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm 27, a water level gauge 28, a power management module 29, a wireless communication module 31, a display screen 32, and a mobile control terminal 33 connected to the system control center 30; the temperature alarm 27 and the water level gauge 28 are used to respectively detect abnormal signals of the temperature of the water pump 25 and the water level of the water tank 26 and upload them to the system control center 30; the wireless communication module 31 is used for signal interaction between the system control center 30 and the mobile control terminal 33; the power management module 29 is connected to the electrical equipment and is used to receive the execution protection signal from the system control center 30, which can force the faulty equipment to stop; the display screen 32 is used to display the real-time monitored signals.

[0025] Furthermore, the pergola unit further includes steel cable fixing columns 2, load-bearing steel cables 3, photovoltaic panels 4, H-shaped steel beams 10, H-shaped steel columns 12, and angle steel connections 14; the rigid support 1 includes columns and crossbeams, both made of H-shaped steel, respectively called H-shaped steel beams 10 and H-shaped steel columns 12. At the same time, the columns and beams are respectively used to support the primary branch pipe 9 and the secondary branch pipe 8 of the sprinkler irrigation system. The connection between the columns and the crossbeams is fixed by the angle steel connection 14. The steel cable fixing columns 2 are fixed on the rigid support 1 to fix the load-bearing steel cables 3. The load-bearing steel cables 3 support the photovoltaic panels 4 required for power generation and suspend the tertiary branch pipe 7 of the sprinkler irrigation system;

[0026] The load-bearing steel cable 3 bears the rotary spray nozzles 6 and the tertiary branch pipe 7 for water supply. The tertiary branch pipe 7 is stably arranged along the load-bearing steel cable 3 through clamps 15 or cable ties 16 and is connected to the rotary spray nozzles 6 after drilling; the secondary branch pipe 8 is fixedly arranged along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 in a concealed manner through U-shaped buckles 11; the primary branch pipe 9 is arranged along the H-shaped steel column 12 by means of an internal support type fixing pipe clamp 13.

[0027] To better understand the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic shed proposed in this embodiment, the operation of this technical solution will be described in more detail here. The multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system includes a sprinkler irrigation pipe network and functional facilities and equipment. Among them, the sprinkler irrigation pipe network includes rotary sprinkler nozzles 6, pipes at all levels, zone solenoid valves 20, functional solenoid valves 22, a water pump 25, and a water tank 26. The functional facilities and equipment include a sunshade net 5, a water and fertilizer integrated machine 23, and a flow meter 24. The rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 are located below the photovoltaic panels 4 and above the sunshade net 5, and are used for sprinkler irrigation and spraying foliar fertilizer; the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 are a certain distance above the sunshade net 5 to leave a fog diffusion space for the nozzles to spray and cool down. The pipes are composed of tertiary branch pipes 7, secondary branch pipes 8, primary branch pipes 9, and a main water supply pipe 21. The tertiary branch pipes 7 are stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 through clamps 15 and cable ties 16, and are connected to the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 after drilling; the secondary branch pipes are fixedly arranged along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 in a concealed manner through U-shaped buckles 11; the primary branch pipes 9 are arranged along the H-shaped steel column 12 by means of internal support fixed pipe clamps 13; the main water supply pipe 21 can supply water to several irrigation zones at the same time. The zone solenoid valves 20 respectively control a corresponding irrigation zone, and the functional solenoid valves 22 can realize the switching control between the pure irrigation mode and the liquid fertilizer application mode. The water pump 25 pumps the water in the water tank and pumps it out at a set pressure value. The water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 measures the pipe flow rate through the flow meter 24, and can start fertilizer injection when the water flow rate reaches the set value if necessary.

[0028] In the distribution space of the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system, the photovoltaic panels 4 are installed at a position 0.5 - 1.0 meters above the sunshade net 5, and the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 are installed in the space between the photovoltaic panels 4 and the sunshade net 5, jointly forming an integral whole with coordinated functions. The pressure-bearing steel cable 3 bears the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 and the tertiary branch pipes 7 for water supply, saving the investment in building special fixing brackets; the distance between the sunshade net 5 and the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 is more than 0.4 meters, leaving a fog diffusion space for the nozzles to spray and cool down, while avoiding direct contact of cold water with the crops to cause irritation. The sunshade net 5 can also be unfolded after the end of the frost prevention sprinkler stage to hinder the radiative heat transfer of the net heat loss between the crops and the sky. The tertiary branch pipes 7 are stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 through clamps 15 or cable ties 16, and are connected to the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 after drilling; the secondary branch pipes 8 are fixedly arranged along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 in a concealed manner through U-shaped buckles 11; the primary branch pipes 9 are arranged along the H-shaped steel column 12 by means of internal support fixed pipe clamps 13. The layout of the entire pipe network system is practical and beautiful.

[0029] System control center 30, wireless communication module 31, mobile control terminal 33, water pump 25, soil humidity sensor. According to the data monitored by the soil humidity sensor, when it is judged that irrigation is required, the irrigation system control center 30 selects a preset standard water pump lift. When the sunshade net 5 is retracted, the rotary spray head 6 performs intermittent spray irrigation in the form of raindrops. The intermittent spray irrigation process is regulated according to the data transmitted back to the system control center 30 by the upper soil humidity sensor 17 of the characteristic surface layer A, the middle soil humidity sensor 18 of the typical layer B, and the lower soil humidity sensor 19 of the characteristic deep layer C. Through the wireless communication module 31, the soil humidity situation can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33, and the intermittent spray irrigation can be remotely controlled.

[0030] The frost prevention work includes the system control center 30, soil humidity sensor, air temperature sensor 34, wireless communication module 31, mobile control terminal 33, sunshade net 5, and water pump 25. According to the weather forecast factors accessed through the wireless communication module 31 or the value of the air temperature sensor 34, when the system control center 30 judges that there is a risk of frost damage in the area, it selects a preset standard water pump lift. When the sunshade net 5 is retracted, the rotary spray head 6 performs raindrop-shaped spraying to increase the environmental temperature of the crops by water cooling and heat dissipation. When the spray irrigation exceeds the allowable irrigation limit according to the detection data of the soil humidity sensor, the spray irrigation ends. If it does not exceed the allowable irrigation limit, the spray irrigation will end after the temperature increase effect reaches the target. After the spraying ends, the system control center 30 instructs the sunshade net 5 to unfold to prevent the heat exchange between the crops and the sky and avoid the radiation cooling factor from aggravating the temperature drop and frost damage of the crops. Through the wireless communication module 31, the temperature change can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33, and the water spraying for frost prevention can be remotely controlled.

[0031] The atomizing cooling work includes the system control center 30, air temperature sensor 34, wireless communication module 31, mobile control terminal 33, sunshade net 5, and water pump 25. According to the data monitored by the air temperature sensor 34, the system control center 30 judges whether atomizing cooling is required. When the temperature in the area is too high and atomizing cooling is required, the system control center 30 selects a preset high water pump lift. When the sunshade net 5 is unfolded, the rotary spray head 6 performs intermittent near-atomizing spraying to achieve the cooling of the irrigation area. The duration and interval of each round of spraying are in accordance with the preset values inside the system control center 30. Through the wireless communication module 31, the temperature change can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33, and the near-atomizing spraying can be remotely controlled.

[0032] The system operation safety work includes the system control center 30, the power management module 29, the wireless communication module 31, the mobile control terminal 33, the temperature alarm 27, the water level gauge 28, etc. When the system control center 30 receives warnings such as pump overheating warning, fertilizer injection failure warning, etc., the power management module 29 forcibly shuts down the corresponding equipment; the wireless communication module 31 sends the warnings received by the system control center 30 to the mobile control terminal 33, and enables the system control center 30 to receive remote instructions from the mobile control terminal 33; the temperature alarm 27, the water level gauge 28, etc. respectively detect the pump temperature, the water level of the water tank, etc. When an abnormality occurs, it ensures that the system control center 30 receives the alarm information, and displays the real-time monitored information on the display screen 32, facilitating the real-time monitoring of the operation status of the entire system and making timely responses.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic shed frame proposed based on Embodiment 1. To better understand the sprinkler irrigation system, the working processes of the intermittent irrigation function, frost prevention function, and atomization cooling function of this system are described in detail in this embodiment. Specifically:

[0035] (1) Intermittent irrigation function

[0036] To improve the applicability of this multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system to sloping land, with an intermittent spraying strategy, combined with the selection and arrangement of the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6, the irrigation uniformity and water use efficiency on sloping land are improved, and soil erosion is avoided.

[0037] The selection and arrangement of the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 should select an appropriate nozzle range according to the row spacing of the photovoltaic supports and the arrangement interval of the photovoltaic panels 4. When the terrain where the photovoltaic array is distributed is flat or has a gentle slope, the nozzle range can be 0.75 to 1 times the row spacing of the photovoltaic supports, and a rectangular arrangement is adopted. When the terrain where the photovoltaic array is distributed is a steep slope with a slope greater than 25°, the nozzle range should be appropriately increased on the basis of the above, and the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 in different rows are staggered. Regardless of the terrain slope, the interval between the rotary sprinkler nozzles 6 in the same row should be as close as possible to the row spacing.

[0038] Based on the allowable irrigation intensity of the land, the flow rate and operation time of the jet grouting nozzle 6 are designed. This sprinkler irrigation system realizes efficient water-saving irrigation of the land through the following method. The soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel 4 is divided into three layers from shallow to deep, namely the characteristic surface layer A close to the soil surface, the typical layer B where the crop roots are concentratedly distributed, and the characteristic deep layer C near the depth limit of the crop root distribution. The upper soil moisture sensor 17 is arranged in the characteristic surface layer A; the middle soil moisture sensor 18 is arranged in the typical layer B; the lower soil moisture sensor 19 is arranged in the characteristic deep layer C. The soil moisture data measured by the upper soil moisture sensor 17, the middle soil moisture sensor 18, and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 are all uploaded to the system control center 30. When the sprinkler irrigation starts, when the soil moisture in this layer measured by the upper soil moisture sensor 17 is close to saturation, the system control center 30 issues an instruction to stop the sprinkler irrigation to avoid generating surface runoff and even causing soil erosion. Then, when the soil moisture in the characteristic surface layer A of the soil surface is lower than the set value according to the soil moisture data uploaded by the upper soil moisture sensor 17, and the moisture data uploaded by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 is lower than the expectation, that is, the crop still needs to be irrigated, the system control center 30 issues an instruction to restart the sprinkler irrigation. The system will repeat the above process until the data measured by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 in the typical layer B shows that the crop has been fully irrigated.

[0039] Since the soil seepage process takes time, when the last sprinkler irrigation ends, that is, when the soil moisture data measured by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 in the typical layer B has reached the expectation, the soil moisture in the typical layer B may still continue to rise, and may even exceed the expected soil moisture range suitable for crop growth. The system control center 30 needs to judge whether the irrigation is excessive according to the soil moisture data of the middle soil moisture sensor 18 in the typical layer B and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 in the characteristic deep layer C after a certain time after the sprinkler irrigation ends. When the situation of excessive irrigation occurs, adjust the corresponding parameters and appropriately reduce the water volume of the next irrigation, and finally realize efficient water-saving irrigation in agriculture.

[0040] Meanwhile, this sprinkler irrigation system has the function of integrated water and fertilizer spraying. Specifically, the system control center 30 determines whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization are met according to the environmental data measured by the soil moisture sensor 18 in the soil and the preset fertilization plan of the system. For example, when the soil moisture is lower than 40% or the preset fertilization time arrives, operations are required. When the start condition is achieved, the system control center 30 starts the water pump 25, pumps out the water in the water tank 26, and pumps it out at a predetermined water pressure. The water and fertilizer integrator 23 is connected in parallel with a section of the main water supply pipe 21 and is respectively controlled by the function solenoid valve 22. When irrigation is needed, the function solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the water and fertilizer integrator 23 is located is closed, while the function solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel path is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area. When fertilization is needed, the function solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the water and fertilizer integrator 23 is located is opened, while the function solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel path is closed, and the water flows through the branch where the water and fertilizer integrator 23 is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter 24 reaches the set requirement, the water and fertilizer integrator 23 starts and evenly injects fertilizer into the pipeline. The water and fertilizer mixture will continue to flow to the irrigation area. The irrigation area is divided into the same number of small irrigation areas by several partition solenoid valves 20. When the water application or fertilization in each small irrigation area is different, the corresponding partition solenoid valves 20 of each small irrigation area are opened or closed as required under the control of the system control center 30. The water or water and fertilizer mixture flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area and rises to a height close to that of the rigid support 1 under the drive of the water head, and finally sprays out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary sprinkler head 6.

[0041] During or after the intermittent sprinkler irrigation process, the wireless communication module 31 regularly transmits the status parameters of the system control center 30 and the sensor measurement parameters to the display screen 32 and the mobile control terminal 33, and transmits the instructions of the mobile control terminal 33 back to the system control center 30. The display screen 32 simultaneously displays environmental information such as soil moisture data and information such as sprinkler irrigation data.

[0042] (2) Frost prevention function

[0043] The late spring cold snap is a type of frost. Every spring is a period prone to late spring cold snaps, often causing serious frost damage to crops and resulting in significant economic losses. Water has a large specific heat capacity and releases a large amount of heat when the temperature drops. A large amount of heat is also released during the phase change of water to frost. By virtue of this characteristic, irrigation can help slow down the temperature drop rate in the irrigation area and reduce the amplitude of the temperature drop in the irrigation area, thereby realizing the regulation of the microclimate in the irrigation area, and further playing the role of protecting crops and reducing frost damage. In addition, the water droplets from top to bottom can also wash away some of the frost formed on the crop leaves.

[0044] The system control center 30 accesses external weather forecast data through the wireless communication module 31. When the system control center 30 determines that there is a high risk of frost occurrence based on environmental meteorological factors or the air temperature sensor 34, such as when the minimum temperature at night is below 3°C, the water pump 25 is started for protective irrigation.

[0045] The water pump 25 pumps out the water in the water tank 26 and pumps it out at a predetermined water pressure. The functional solenoid valve 22 on the branch where the water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 is located is controlled to close, while the functional solenoid valve 22 on another parallel path is opened, and the water flow passes through and continues to flow to the irrigation area. The irrigation area is divided into the same number of small irrigation areas by several partition solenoid valves 20. The system control center 30 opens or closes the corresponding partition solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas according to the demand. The water flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area and rises to a position close to the height of the rigid support 1 under the drive of the water head, and finally sprays out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary spray nozzle 6.

[0046] The duration of each sprinkler irrigation is in accordance with the preset duration of the system. After each sprinkler irrigation ends, the system control center 30 determines whether it exceeds the allowable irrigation limit according to the detection data of the soil humidity sensor 18 in the middle. If it exceeds, the irrigation ends. If it does not exceed, the system control center 30 then determines whether it reaches the preset standard for temperature rise according to the detection data of the air temperature sensor 34. If not, the sprinkler irrigation is carried out again in accordance with the preset duration of the system. If so, the sprinkler irrigation ends.

[0047] Before the start of the protective irrigation, the sunshade net 5 is retracted first, so that the relatively warm irrigation water directly contacts the crops, reducing the heat transfer process and improving the heat utilization efficiency. After the irrigation ends, the sunshade net 5 is unfolded again, and by blocking the radiative heat transfer between the crops and the sky, the heat dissipation speed of the crops is slowed down, playing a role in reducing the frost damage.

[0048] (3) Atomization cooling function

[0049] The irrigation area controlled by the integrated shed frame multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system is divided into multiple irrigation sub-areas by the partition solenoid valves 20. When the system control center 30 determines that there is a high temperature risk according to the data of the air temperature sensor 34, such as when the air temperature is higher than 35 °C, the water pump 25 is started to start watering. The water pump 25 pumps out the water in the water tank 26 and pumps it out at a predetermined higher water pressure. The functional solenoid valve 22 on the branch where the water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 is located is controlled to close, while the functional solenoid valve 22 on another parallel path is opened, and the water flow passes through and continues to flow to the irrigation area. The system control center 30 opens or closes the corresponding partition solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas according to the demand. The water flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area and rises to a position close to the height of the rigid support 1 under the drive of the water head, and finally sprays out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary spray nozzle 6.

[0050] The water sprayed by the rotary jet nozzle 6 is in the shape of raindrops under normal operating pressure. When the water pressure increases, the particle size of the water droplets sprayed by the rotary jet nozzle 6 gradually becomes smaller and turns into a mist. The system control center 30 adjusts the working head of the water pump 25 or closes the sectional solenoid valves 20 of some small irrigation areas to reduce the irrigation area and flow rate, so that the water pressure exceeds the normal working pressure of the nozzle but still remains at a reasonable level. Under this water pressure, the particle size of the water droplets sprayed by the rotary jet nozzle 6 is tiny, achieving a near-atomization effect. The atomized water droplets absorb heat and vaporize quickly, taking away a large amount of heat and suppressing the rising trend of the temperature in the irrigation area. When the spraying reaches an appropriate degree, the system control center 30 closes the sectional solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling and opens the sectional solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have not been sprayed for water spraying and cooling.

[0051] When the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system is performing atomization cooling operation, the sunshade net 5 in the irrigation area should be unfolded to prevent low-temperature water droplets from directly contacting the relatively high-temperature crops and interfering with the normal physiological activities of the crops. At the same time, the unfolded sunshade net 5 can intercept part of the sunlight during the day and reduce the temperature of the crop canopy. The spraying is divided into multiple rounds, and the duration and interval of each round are both in accordance with the preset values of the system control center 30. When the cooling target is achieved according to the detection data of the air temperature sensor 34, the system control center 30 ends the sprinkler irrigation work.

[0052] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the water conveyance pipeline and the inverted hanging nozzles of the sprinkler irrigation system are arranged relying on the photovoltaic power generation support, realizing the integration of the photovoltaic support and the sprinkler irrigation support, saving the cost of building the sprinkler irrigation system support, and greatly reducing the construction investment of the sprinkler irrigation system. The sprinkler irrigation system realizes the automatic and intelligent switching between the two spraying modes of raindrop-shaped spraying and near-atomization spraying with a set of pipelines, simplifies the structure, improves the utilization rate of facilities and equipment, and reduces the construction investment and maintenance cost. The rotary jet nozzles are installed on the sunshade net, and the accumulated dust on the sunshade net during long-term operation can be washed away by spraying. The water conveyance pipeline and the nozzles in the crop production area are arranged off the ground, which does not affect normal farming operations, especially the normal work of agricultural machinery such as harvesting and ridging.

[0053] The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrates functions such as sprinkler irrigation and fertilization, frost prevention, and atomization cooling, realizing that one system can complete multiple farming tasks, and greatly reducing the construction cost and maintenance cost of related agricultural facilities and equipment systems. When the system control center of the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system receives information such as the soil humidity from the soil humidity sensor, it will automatically judge whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization are met according to the program and send corresponding instructions to achieve intermittent sprinkler irrigation. The intermittent sprinkler irrigation and its matching nozzle layout scheme are beneficial to improving the sprinkler irrigation uniformity and water use efficiency of sloping land sprinkler irrigation, and at the same time avoiding the formation of surface runoff and causing soil erosion.

[0054] The system control center of the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system can judge whether there is a frost risk for crops through weather forecast factors and temperature sensors, and can operate according to the set program to achieve crop microclimate regulation. When there is a risk of frost occurrence, the sunshade net is retracted, and the system control center activates the sprinkler irrigation function. By virtue of the physical property that water cools down and releases a large amount of heat, the temperature of the crop canopy is maintained above zero degrees Celsius. The water droplets sprayed from the upper nozzles can also wash away part of the frost on the crop leaves, achieving the effect of reducing the damage of frost. After the sprinkler irrigation process ends, the sunshade net is unfolded to hinder the radiative heat transfer of the net heat loss between the crops and the sky, which is beneficial to maintaining the frost prevention and damage reduction effect of the sprinkler irrigation.

[0055] The system control center of the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system can judge whether there is a high temperature risk for crops through the air temperature sensor, and operate according to the set program to achieve crop microclimate regulation. When the air temperature is higher than the suitable growth temperature of the crops, the system control center increases the working head of the water pump or closes some of the sectional solenoid valves to reduce the sprinkler irrigation area, and increases the working pressure of the rotary sprinkler nozzles to enhance their atomization ability, that is, switches to the near-atomization spraying mode, and cooperates with the unfolded sunshade net to achieve spray cooling in the irrigation area.

[0056] As used in this application, the terms "component", "module", "system", etc. are intended to refer to computer-related entities, which can be hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in operation. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to: a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, a thread in execution, a program, and / or a computer. As an example, an application running on a computing device and the computing device can both be components. One or more components can exist in a process and / or thread in execution, and the components can be located in one computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures thereon. These components can communicate in a local and / or remote process manner through signals such as signals having one or more data packets (for example, data from one component, which interacts with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and / or interacts with other systems through a network such as the Internet in the form of signals).

[0057] It should also be understood that the present utility model is described through implementation manners. The embodiments are only for clearly and completely explaining the technical solutions proposed in the claims of the present utility model, that is, the interpretation and explanation of the claims. Therefore, when judging whether the technical solutions described in the specification of the present utility model are fully disclosed, the core meaning of the solutions defined by the claims should be fully considered. And there must be other technical problems in the specification that are irrelevant to the core technical problems solved by the present embodiment. The corresponding technical features and technical solutions do not belong to the essence of this embodiment and are non-essential technical features. Therefore, it can be referred to as implicitly disclosed, and those skilled in the art can fully implement it by combining the existing technology and common general knowledge. Therefore, there is no need to elaborate in detail.

[0058] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not to limit them. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present utility model can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present utility model, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic scaffold, characterized in that: include, A scaffolding unit, comprising a rigid support (1) carrying a photovoltaic panel (4), a sunshade net (5) and a rotary spray nozzle (6), wherein the photovoltaic panel (4) is installed above the sunshade net (5), and the rotary spray nozzle (6) is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel (4) and the sunshade net (5), together forming a whole with coordinated and unified functions; A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation unit comprises a rotary spray nozzle (6), a partition electromagnetic valve (20), a main water supply pipe (21), a functional electromagnetic valve (22), a water pump (25) and a water tank (26) which are sequentially connected through pipelines at various levels; the tank area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas; the partition electromagnetic valves (20) are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the small irrigation areas and are connected to the main water supply pipe (21); the functional electromagnetic valve (22) is arranged on at least one branch; and a water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) is connected to the branch after being combined with a flow meter (24); The intelligent control unit comprises an upper soil moisture sensor (17), a middle soil moisture sensor (18), a lower soil moisture sensor (19) for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor (34) for collecting environmental data, all of which are connected to a system control center (30). The system control center (30) is used to issue corresponding instructions after receiving the collected data to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling.

2. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm (27) connected to the system control center (30), a water level measuring instrument (28), a power management module (29), a wireless communication module (31), a large display screen (32) and a mobile control terminal (33); The temperature alarm (27) and the water level measuring instrument (28) are used to monitor and detect abnormal signals of the temperature of the water pump (25) and the water level of the water pool (26), respectively, and upload them to the system control center (30); The wireless communication module (31) is used for signal exchange between the system control center (30) and the mobile control terminal (33); The power management module (29) is connected to the power-consuming device and is used to receive the execution protection signal of the system control center (30), so as to force the faulty device to shut down; The large display screen (32) is used to display the signals monitored in real time.

3. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The functional electromagnetic valve (22) is respectively arranged on a fertilization branch and an irrigation branch connected in parallel, the fertilization branch comprises a water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) and a flow meter (24) arranged in sequence, and the flow meter (24) is used to detect the flow rate of the branch, the water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) can be started after the branch reaches a set flow rate, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

4. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The scaffolding unit further comprises a rigid support (1), a steel cable fixing column (2), a pressure-bearing steel cable (3), a photovoltaic panel (4), a tertiary branch pipe (7), a secondary branch pipe (8) and a primary branch pipe (9); The pressure-bearing steel cables (3) are arranged laterally and spaced apart from the rigid support (1), and both ends of the pressure-bearing steel cables (3) are fixed to the rigid support (1) via the steel cable fixing columns (2); The photovoltaic panel (4) is arranged above the pressure-bearing steel cable (3), the tertiary branch pipe (7) is arranged below the pressure-bearing steel cable (3), and the rotary spray nozzle (6) is arranged below the tertiary branch pipe (7) and is connected to the tertiary branch pipe (7); The secondary branch pipe (8) is arranged on one side of each of the tertiary branch pipes (7) to communicate with each other, and the secondary branch pipe (8) is longitudinally arranged on the rigid support (1) along the arrangement direction of the tertiary branch pipes (7); The primary branch pipe (9) is connected to the main water supply pipe (21) via a partition electromagnetic valve (20), and the water flows sequentially through the main water supply pipe (21), the partition electromagnetic valve (20), the primary branch pipe (9), the secondary branch pipe (8), and the tertiary branch pipe (7) before being sprayed out through the rotary spray nozzle (6).

5. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The scaffolding unit comprises an H-shaped steel beam (10), a U-shaped buckle (11), an H-shaped steel column (12), an internal support type fixed pipe clamp (13), an angle steel connection (14), a hoop (15) and a tie (16); The H-shaped steel beam (10) and the H-shaped steel column (12) are used to support the primary branch pipe (9) and the secondary branch pipe (8) of the sprinkler irrigation system respectively, and the connection between the two is fixed by using angle steel connection (14); The tertiary branch pipe (7) is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable (3) through a clamp (15) or a tie (16), and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle (6) after drilling; The secondary branch pipe (8) is concealedly fixed along the H-shaped steel beam (10) of the rigid support (1) by means of the U-shaped buckle (11); The primary branch pipe (9) is arranged by attaching to the H-shaped steel column (12) through the internal support type fixed pipe clamp (13).

Images