Automatic screw dismounting equipment for spent fuel container

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spent fuel container automatic screw dismounting device which comprises a positioning guide support, a screw dismounting structure and a calibration positioning structure, the calibration positioning structure comprises a radial moving assembly, a circumferential moving assembly and a vertical moving assembly, the radial moving assembly is installed on the circumferential moving assembly to move, and the vertical moving assembly is installed on the circumferential moving assembly to move. The circumferential moving assembly is installed on the vertical moving assembly to move, the vertical moving assembly is installed on the positioning guide support, the screw dismounting structure is fixed to the bottom of the radial moving assembly to work, the screw dismounting task can be efficiently and accurately completed, and meanwhile the safety and reliability of the operation process are ensured. Powerful support is provided for safe operation and efficient operation of a spent fuel reprocessing plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of nuclear power equipment, in particular to an automatic screw removing device for spent fuel containers. Background Art

[0002] In the management and reprocessing process of spent fuel, spent fuel containers play a crucial role. They are designed to safely and stably transport and store highly radioactive spent fuel. These containers usually have relatively large sizes, with diameters ranging from 600 to 1000 millimeters and a height of about 3000 millimeters to accommodate a large amount of spent fuel and its fuel assemblies. To ensure the sealing and safety of the containers, the container lid and the container cylinder are tightly connected by up to 20 to 40 M24 stainless steel socket head cap screws.

[0003] However, after the spent fuel arrives at the reprocessing plant, the traditional operation mode relies on manual removal of these screws to open the container and remove the internal spent fuel. This process is not only time-consuming and laborious but also accompanied by significant safety risks. First, since the containers are usually located at a relatively high position, the disassembly operation requires working at heights, increasing the operation difficulty and danger. Second, the spent fuel itself has strong radioactivity, and long-term exposure or improper operation may cause the operators to receive unnecessary radiation doses, posing a potential threat to their health.

[0004] In view of the above challenges, improving the safety and efficiency of the screw removal operation for spent fuel containers has become an urgent problem to be solved. By developing a dedicated automatic screw removing device, not only can the risks and labor intensity of manual operation be significantly reduced, but also the operation efficiency can be improved, promoting the automation and intelligent level of the spent fuel reprocessing plant.

[0005] Therefore, the utility model aims to design an automatic screw removing device for spent fuel containers to solve the above technical problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above technical problems by providing an automatic screw removing device for spent fuel containers. The utility model can efficiently and accurately complete the screw removal task, while ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation process, providing strong support for the safe operation and efficient operation of the spent fuel reprocessing plant.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model to solve the above technical problems is: an automatic screw removal device for spent fuel containers, which includes a positioning and guiding bracket, a screw removal structure, and a calibration and positioning structure. The calibration and positioning structure includes a radial movement component, a circumferential movement component, and a vertical movement component. The radial movement component is installed on the circumferential movement component for movement, the circumferential movement component is installed on the vertical movement component for movement, the vertical movement component is installed on the positioning and guiding bracket, and the screw removal structure is fixed at the bottom of the radial movement component for operation.

[0008] Preferably, the radial movement component includes a radial motor, a radial gear, a radial rack, and a radial mounting plate. The radial rack is fixedly installed on the radial mounting plate, the tooth part of the radial rack is connected to the radial gear, and the lower end of the radial motor is connected to drive the radial gear to rotate to drive the radial rack and the radial mounting plate to move.

[0009] Preferably, the radial movement component further includes a lower frame, which is installed between the radial motor and the radial rack. The lower end of the radial motor passes through the lower frame and is connected to the radial gear at the lower end, and the radial rack is installed on the lower side of the lower frame.

[0010] Preferably, the circumferential movement component includes a slewing bearing and a rotation drive. The rotation drive is fixedly installed on one side of the positioning and guiding bracket. The slewing bearing is connected to the lower frame, and the rotation drive moves to drive the slewing bearing and the lower frame connected to the slewing bearing to rotate and move.

[0011] Preferably, the rotation drive includes a rotation mounting plate, a rotation motor, a rotation reduction gear, and a rotation gear. The rotation gear is installed at the bottom of the rotation reduction gear, the rotation reduction gear is installed below the rotation motor, and the four corners of the rotation reduction gear are fixed to the rotation mounting plate by screws. The rotation mounting plate is fixed to the vertical movement component.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical movement component includes an upper frame, a vertical guide rail, a support frame, and a lift. The two ends of the support frame are connected to the upper frame for vertical movement. The lower end of the lift passes through the upper frame and is connected to the upper end of the support frame. The vertical guide rail is installed inside the upper frame, and the rotation mounting plate is fixed to the upper frame.

[0013] Preferably, the screw removal structure includes a removal motor, a removal reduction gear, and a removal head. The removal motor is installed on the radial mounting plate, the removal head is connected to the removal reduction gear, and the removal reduction gear is connected to the removal motor and is driven by the removal motor.

[0014] Preferably, the removal head includes a sleeve, a gas spring, and a screw bit. The screw bit is connected to the head of the sleeve, the gas spring is installed inside the sleeve, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the removal reduction gear.

[0015] Preferably, a pneumatic clamping assembly is provided on the positioning and guiding bracket, and the pneumatic clamping assembly is installed at the four corners of the positioning and guiding bracket.

[0016] Preferably, the pneumatic clamping assembly includes a mounting bracket and pneumatic jaws. The pneumatic jaws are installed at the lower end of the mounting bracket with the setting direction facing inwards, and the mounting bracket is fixed at the four corners of the positioning and guiding bracket.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present utility model replaces traditional manual disassembly with automated operation, effectively avoiding safety hazards brought about by high-altitude operations and long-term exposure to radioactive substances, reducing the time for operators to be directly exposed to the radiation environment, lowering the potential radiation dose risk, and ensuring the health and safety of the operators;

[0019] 2. The automated equipment can quickly and accurately locate and remove screws, significantly shortening the disassembly time and improving work efficiency. It not only speeds up the opening of the spent fuel container but also gains valuable time for the subsequent spent fuel treatment process;

[0020] 3. The equipment adopts precise mechanical structures and control systems, which can ensure that each screw is removed accurately without error, avoiding screw damage or omission problems caused by improper manual operation, facilitating the maintenance of the integrity of the container, and providing convenience for subsequent resealing and use;

[0021] 4. The automatic screw removal equipment of the present utility model is an important part of the automation and intelligent construction of the spent fuel reprocessing plant, which can promote the improvement of the automation level of the entire processing process, reduce the dependence on manual labor, and improve the overall operation efficiency and safety. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the connection between the lower frame and the screw removal structure of the present utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Positioning and guiding bracket; 11. Pneumatic clamping assembly; 111. Mounting bracket; 112. Pneumatic gripper; 2. Screw disassembly structure; 21. Disassembly motor; 22. Disassembly speed reducer; 23. Disassembly head; 231. Sleeve; 232. Screw bit; 3. Calibration and positioning structure; 31. Radial movement assembly; 311. Radial motor; 312. Radial gear; 313. Radial rack; 314. Radial mounting plate; 315. Lower frame; 32. Circumferential movement assembly; 321. Slewing bearing; 322. Rotary drive; 3221. Rotary mounting plate; 3222. Rotary motor; 3223. Rotary speed reducer; 33. Vertical movement assembly; 331. Upper frame; 332. Vertical guide rail; 333. Support frame; 334. Lift. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The following further explains the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and the implementation mode.

[0026] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an automatic screw disassembly device for spent fuel containers of the present utility model includes a positioning and guiding bracket 1, a screw disassembly structure 2, and a calibration and positioning structure 3. The calibration and positioning structure 3 includes a radial movement assembly 31, a circumferential movement assembly 32, and a vertical movement assembly 33. The radial movement assembly 31 is installed on the circumferential movement assembly 32 for movement, the circumferential movement assembly 32 is installed on the vertical movement assembly 33 for movement, the vertical movement assembly 33 is installed on the positioning and guiding bracket 1, and the screw disassembly structure 2 is fixed at the bottom of the radial movement assembly 31 for operation.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, through the integrated calibration and positioning structure 3, including the radial movement assembly 31, the circumferential movement assembly 32, and the vertical movement assembly 33, the device can achieve precise movement and positioning in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the screw disassembly structure 2 can accurately align and contact each screw between the spent fuel container cover and the container cylinder, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of disassembly. Due to the modular design of the calibration and positioning structure 3, the device can easily adapt to spent fuel containers of different sizes and specifications. Whether it is a container with a diameter in the range of 600 - 1000 mm, or screws with different numbers and positions between the container cover and the container cylinder, the device can accurately adapt by adjusting the stroke and position of the movement assembly, enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the device.

[0028] The radial movement assembly 31 includes a radial motor 311, a radial gear 312, a radial rack 313, and a radial mounting plate 314. The radial rack 313 is installed and fixed on the radial mounting plate 314. The tooth part of the radial rack 313 is connected to the radial gear 312. The lower end of the radial motor 311 is connected to drive the radial gear 312 to rotate, driving the radial rack 313 and the radial mounting plate 314 to move.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the radial motor 311 drives the radial gear 312 to rotate, thereby driving the engaged radial rack 313 to move in a straight line direction. Since the gear-rack transmission has high precision, it can ensure that the moving position of the radial mounting plate 314 (on which the screw disassembly structure 2 is mounted) is accurate, achieving precise adjustment of the positions of screws with different distribution diameters. The gear-rack transmission has advantages such as smooth transmission and constant transmission ratio, enabling the radial moving assembly 31 to maintain a stable operating state during operation and reducing the adverse effects on the screw disassembly operation caused by vibration or impact.

[0030] The radial moving assembly 31 further includes a lower frame 315. The lower frame 315 is installed between the radial motor 311 and the radial rack 313. The lower end of the radial motor 311 passes through the lower frame 315 and is connected to the lower radial gear 312, and the radial rack 313 is installed on the lower side of the lower frame 315.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, by directly connecting the lower end of the radial motor 311 to the radial gear 312 through the lower frame 315, the intermediate links in the transmission chain can be reduced, the transmission loss can be lowered, and the transmission efficiency can be improved. At the same time, it helps to ensure that the power output by the motor can be accurately and efficiently transmitted to the radial gear 312, thereby driving the movement of the radial rack 313 and the radial mounting plate 314.

[0032] The circumferential moving assembly 32 includes a slewing bearing 321 and a rotation drive 322. The rotation drive 322 is fixedly installed on one side of the positioning and guiding bracket 1. The slewing bearing 321 is connected to the lower frame 315, and the rotation drive 322 drives the slewing bearing 321 and the lower frame 315 connected to the slewing bearing 321 to rotate and move.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation drive 322 drives the slewing bearing 321 to rotate, thereby driving the entire lower frame 315 and the radial moving assembly 31 thereon connected to the slewing bearing 321 to perform circumferential movement, enabling the screw disassembly structure 2 to perform precise circumferential positioning in the horizontal plane to align with and contact each screw on the container cover, regardless of its angular position.

[0034] The rotation drive 322 includes a rotation mounting plate 3221, a rotation motor 3222, a rotation speed reducer 3223, and a rotation gear. The rotation gear is installed at the bottom of the rotation speed reducer 3223. The rotation speed reducer 3223 is installed below the rotation motor 3222. The four corners of the rotation speed reducer 3223 are fixed to the rotation mounting plate 3221 by screws, and the rotation mounting plate 3221 is fixed to the vertical moving assembly 33.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotary speed reducer 3223 not only has a speed reduction function, but also can enhance the load-bearing capacity of the transmission system to a certain extent, enabling the rotary drive 322 to cope with greater load and torque requirements, ensuring that no failures or damages caused by excessive load occur during operations such as removing screws. The rotary mounting plate 3221, as the support and mounting platform of the rotary drive 322, is fixed to the vertical movement component 33 by screws. This design simplifies the installation process of the rotary drive 322 and makes subsequent maintenance and repair work more convenient. The rotary mounting plate 3221 also has a certain rigidity and stability, which helps to ensure the smoothness and reliability of the rotary drive 322 during operation.

[0036] The vertical movement component 33 includes an upper frame 331, vertical guide rails 332, a support frame 333, and a lift 334. Both ends of the support frame 333 are connected to the upper frame 331 for vertical movement. The lower end of the lift 334 passes through the upper frame 331 and is connected to the upper end of the support frame 333. The vertical guide rails 332 are installed inside the upper frame 331, and the rotary mounting plate 3221 is fixed to the upper frame 331.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, driving the support frame 333 to move on the vertical guide rails 332 through the lift 334 can ensure that the circumferential movement component 32 (including the rotary mounting plate 3221 and all components thereon) moves precisely and smoothly in the vertical direction. The vertical movement ability is crucial for adjusting the relative height between the screw removal structure 2 and the spent fuel container, which helps to achieve accurate removal operations. The upper frame 331, as the main support structure of the vertical movement component 33, has a solid design that can withstand and disperse the forces and torques from components such as the lift 334, the support frame 333, and the circumferential movement component 32. The installation of the vertical guide rails 332 also increases the structural stability and prevents the support frame 333 from shifting or shaking during movement.

[0038] The screw removal structure 2 includes a removal motor 21, a removal speed reducer 22, and a removal head 23. The removal motor 21 is installed on the radial mounting plate 314. The removal head 23 is connected to the removal speed reducer 22, and the removal speed reducer 22 is connected to the removal motor 21 and driven by the removal motor 21.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the removal motor 21, as the power source, provides sufficient torque and speed to drive the removal head 23 to perform screw removal operations. The introduction of the removal speed reducer 22 can then reduce the speed and increase the torque of the output of the removal motor 21 to adapt to the screw removal requirements of different sizes and tightening degrees.

[0040] The disassembly head 23 includes a sleeve 231, a gas spring, and a screwdriver bit 232. The screwdriver bit 232 is connected to the head of the sleeve 231. The gas spring is installed inside the sleeve 231, and the other end of the sleeve 231 is connected to the disassembly reducer 22.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas spring is installed inside the sleeve 231, providing additional thrust or pulling force for the screwdriver bit 232. When disassembling screws, the gas spring 232 can assist the screwdriver bit 232 to apply greater force, thus more easily overcoming the fastening force of the screws, enhancing the disassembly strength of the disassembly head 23 and improving the disassembly efficiency.

[0042] The positioning and guiding bracket 1 is provided with a pneumatic clamping assembly 11, and the pneumatic clamping assembly 11 is installed at the four corners of the positioning and guiding bracket 1.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the pneumatic clamping assemblies 11 are distributed at the four corners of the positioning and guiding bracket 1, capable of forming a stable support structure, reducing deformation or offset caused by uneven force, and helping to ensure the stability and positioning accuracy of the clamped workpiece. Especially during precision machining or assembly, it can significantly improve the machining quality and efficiency.

[0044] The pneumatic clamping assembly 11 includes a mounting bracket 111 and pneumatic jaws 112. The pneumatic jaws 112 are installed at the lower end of the mounting bracket 111 with the setting direction facing inwards, and the mounting bracket 111 is fixed at the four corners of the positioning and guiding bracket 1.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the pneumatic jaws 112 usually have adjustable clamping force and clamping range, capable of adapting to workpieces of different sizes and shapes. Since they are installed on the mounting bracket 111 and the mounting bracket is fixed at the four corners of the positioning and guiding bracket, the entire clamping assembly can be more easily adjusted or replaced according to needs to adapt to different processing requirements.

[0046] When the present utility model is specifically implemented, the screw disassembly device is configured with two sets of independent screw disassembly structures 2, each set including a disassembly motor 21, a disassembly reducer 22, a sleeve 231, and a replaceable screwdriver bit 232. These components constitute the core part of the screw disassembly structure 2 to adapt to screws of different specifications and distributions. Before operation, according to the specific specifications and distributions of the screws on the spent fuel container, select and install a suitable screwdriver bit 232 into the sleeve 231 to ensure the adaptability of the screw disassembly structure 2;

[0047] The screw disassembly structure 2 is firmly hung on the lower frame 315 through the radial rack 312. When the radial motor 311 is started, the motor drives the radial gear 312 to rotate, thereby driving the radial rack 313 and the entire radial mounting plate 314 (carrying the screw disassembly structure 2) to perform relative movement in the horizontal direction. By precisely controlling the movement of the radial motor 311, the distance between the two screw disassembly structures 2 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to containers with different screw distribution diameters. At the same time, the design of the sleeve 231 allows for the replacement of screw bits 232 of different specifications to handle screws of different sizes;

[0048] The lower frame 315 is firmly installed on the inner ring of the slewing bearing 321 through fasteners. The slewing bearing 321 is designed such that the inner ring can rotate and the outer ring is fixed. When the rotation drive 322 system (including the rotation motor 3222, rotation speed reducer 3223, and rotation gear) is started, the rotation motor 3222 provides power. After the torque is increased and the speed is reduced by the rotation speed reducer 3223, the rotation gear drives the internal gear ring of the slewing bearing 321 to rotate, thereby driving the entire lower frame 315 and the screw disassembly structure 2 to rotate around the center of the container. Through circumferential rotation, the screw disassembly structure 2 can accurately position to each screw position that needs to be disassembled, improving the operation efficiency;

[0049] The outer ring of the slewing bearing 321 is firmly connected to the support frame 333 through screws. Vertical guide rails 332 are provided on both sides of the support frame 33. These guide rails cooperate with the corresponding structures inside the upper frame 331 to ensure the smooth movement of the support frame 333 in the vertical direction. The elevator 334 is installed between the support frame 333 and the upper frame 331. By controlling the action of the elevator 334, precise adjustment of the entire screw disassembly structure 2 in the vertical direction can be achieved to adapt to screw positions at different heights;

[0050] Lifting lugs are provided at the top of the upper frame 331, facilitating the use of lifting equipment such as a crane to lift the entire screw removal device through the lifting lugs and install it at the designated position. During the lifting and installation process, it should be ensured that all connecting components are fastened securely to avoid loosening or falling off during the operation;

[0051] The positioning and guiding bracket 1 is connected to the upper frame 331 through screws. The guiding sleeve in the middle of its bottom is used for precise guiding and positioning with the outer ring of the spent fuel container to ensure that the screw disassembly structure 2 can accurately align with the screw position;

[0052] Four pneumatic clamping components 11 are installed on the lower frame. Each component includes a mounting bracket 111 and a pneumatic jaw 112. After positioning, the pneumatic jaw 112 is started to firmly clamp the spent fuel container to prevent safety accidents caused by the movement or slipping of the container during the screw disassembly process.

[0053] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic screw removal device for a spent fuel container, characterized in that: The invention comprises a positioning guide bracket (1), a screw disassembly structure (2) and a calibration positioning structure (3); the calibration positioning structure (3) comprises a radial moving component (31), a circumferential moving component (32) and a vertical moving component (33); the radial moving component (31) is mounted on the circumferential moving component (32) for movement; the circumferential moving component (32) is mounted on the vertical moving component (33) for movement; the vertical moving component (33) is mounted on the positioning guide bracket (1); and the screw disassembly structure (2) is fixed at the bottom of the radial moving component (31) for operation.

2. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The radial moving assembly (31) comprises a radial motor (311), a radial gear (312), a radial rack (313) and a radial mounting plate (314); the radial rack (313) is mounted and fixed on the radial mounting plate (314); the toothed portion of the radial rack (313) is connected to the radial gear (312); the lower end of the radial motor (311) is connected to the radial gear (312) to rotate and drive the radial rack (313) and the radial mounting plate (314) to move.

3. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The radial moving assembly (31) further comprises a lower frame (315), wherein the lower frame (315) is mounted between the radial motor (311) and the radial rack (313), wherein the lower end of the radial motor (311) passes through the lower frame (315) and is connected to the radial gear (312) at the lower end, and the radial rack (313) is mounted on the lower side of the lower frame (315).

4. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The circumferential moving assembly (32) comprises a slewing bearing (321) and a rotary drive (322), wherein the rotary drive (322) is fixedly mounted on one side of the positioning guide bracket (1), the slewing bearing (321) is connected to the lower frame (315), and the rotary drive (322) drives the slewing bearing (321) and the lower frame (315) connected to the slewing bearing (321) to rotate and move.

5. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rotary drive (322) comprises a rotary mounting plate (3221), a rotary motor (3222), a rotary reducer (3223) and a rotary gear, wherein the rotary gear is mounted at the bottom of the rotary reducer (3223), the rotary reducer (3223) is mounted below the rotary motor (3222), the four corners of the rotary reducer (3223) are fixed to the rotary mounting plate (3221) by screws, and the rotary mounting plate (3221) is fixed to the vertical moving assembly (33).

6. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 5 is characterized by: The vertical moving assembly (33) comprises an upper frame (331), a vertical guide rail (332), a support frame (333) and an elevator (334); both ends of the support frame (333) are connected to the upper frame (331) for vertical movement; the lower end of the elevator (334) passes through the upper frame (331) and is connected to the upper end of the support frame (333); the vertical guide rail (332) is installed on the inner side of the upper frame (331); and the rotating mounting plate (3221) is fixed on the upper frame (331).

7. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 2 is characterized by: The screw disassembly structure (2) comprises a disassembly motor (21), a disassembly reducer (22) and a disassembly head (23); the disassembly motor (21) is mounted on a radial mounting plate (314); the disassembly head (23) is connected to the disassembly reducer (22); and the disassembly reducer (22) is connected to the disassembly motor (21) and driven by the disassembly motor (21).

8. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 7 is characterized by: The disassembly head (23) comprises a sleeve (231), a gas spring and a screwdriver bit (232), wherein the screwdriver bit (232) is connected to the head of the sleeve (231), the gas spring is installed inside the sleeve (231), and the other end of the sleeve (231) is connected to the disassembly reducer (22).

9. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning guide bracket (1) is provided with a pneumatic clamping assembly (11), and the pneumatic clamping assembly (11) is installed at the four corners of the positioning guide bracket (1).

10. The automatic screw removal device for spent fuel container according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pneumatic clamping assembly (11) comprises a mounting bracket (111) and a pneumatic clamping jaw (112). The pneumatic clamping jaw (112) is mounted on the lower end of the mounting bracket (111) and is arranged inwardly. The mounting bracket (111) is fixed on the four corners of the positioning guide bracket (1).

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