Temperature measuring system for X-ray focus lens based on thermocouple

Abstract

The utility model discloses an X-ray focus lens temperature measuring system based on thermocouples, which is characterized by comprising a plurality of thermocouples and a data receiving and displaying unit, wherein the thermocouples are respectively arranged at specified positions of a selected lens of the X-ray focus lens to be measured and are used for acquiring temperature data of the selected lens and sending the temperature data to the data receiving and displaying unit; the data receiving and displaying unit is used for receiving and displaying the temperature data acquired by the thermocouples; the selected lenses comprise the outermost-layer lens, the innermost-layer lens and one lens selected from the middle-layer lenses at an interval of at least n lenses; nine thermocouples are arranged on each selected lens, three columns of thermocouples are distributed in the circumferential direction of the selected lens, three rows of thermocouples are distributed in the axial direction of the selected lens, and the thermocouples are located at the upper end, the center and the lower end of the selected lens along the axis respectively. According to the system, the temperature of the X-ray focus lens can be sufficiently and effectively collected, and the loss of the effective area is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of X-ray detection in space science, and relates to an X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on a thermocouple. Background Art

[0002] To increase the effective area of an X-ray focusing mirror, the X-ray focusing optics of a space X-ray camera usually adopt a multi-layer nested structure, and the lens adopts a Wolter-I type structure. The assembly and modulation of the X-ray focusing mirror are carried out at room temperature. Whether the temperature of the lens can be accurately controlled in orbit determines whether the focusing mirror can maintain the best optical performance. However, in order to reduce the loss of the effective area of the focusing mirror, the temperature control of the lens cannot be directly implemented on the lens itself. According to the structural design state of the X-ray focusing mirror, temperature control and implementation need to be carried out on the supporting structure of the lens, such as the hub, mandrel, and barrel of the X-ray focusing mirror.

[0003] Since the thermal control of the X-ray focusing mirror itself is very complex, before the X-ray focusing mirror is launched with the satellite, it is necessary to conduct multiple rounds of tests and verifications on the thermal control scheme of the X-ray focusing mirror and the thermo-optical performance of the focusing mirror. These test verifications are generally carried out on the structural thermal control parts and qualification parts other than the flight model. In order to confirm the temperature state of the lens itself, it is necessary to measure the temperature of the lens of the test focusing mirror.

[0004] Since the X-ray focusing mirror lens is a multi-layer nested sleeve-like structure, the gap between each adjacent two layers of lenses is very small, and it is impossible to implement traditional temperature measurement using a thermistor in the small space between the small-gap curved surfaces. The structure of the traditional temperature measurement system is relatively simple, and its establishment process is mostly independent of the assembly process of the optical element. Under the specific structure of the X-ray focusing mirror, it is impossible to collect as much lens temperature as possible and minimize the influence on the effective area of the focusing mirror. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on a thermocouple.

[0006] As a temperature sensor, a thermocouple has the characteristics of short response time, wide measurement range, low cost, and simple structure. It is only composed of wires of two different metals, with a simple structure, not easily interfered, and relatively high stability and reliability. It is particularly suitable for installation and implementation in the narrow slit between two nested lenses, which can not only effectively collect the lens temperature but also minimize the loss of the effective area of the focusing mirror. The utility model collects the temperature of the X-ray focusing mirror lens, uses a thermocouple to thermally implement the focusing mirror lens, and reduces the loss of optical performance.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0008] A thermocouple-based temperature measurement system for X-ray focusing mirror lenses, characterized in that it includes a plurality of thermocouples and a data receiving and displaying unit; wherein,

[0009] Each of the thermocouples is respectively deployed at a designated position of the selected lens of the X-ray focusing mirror to be measured, for collecting the temperature data of the selected lens and sending it to the data receiving and displaying unit;

[0010] The data receiving and displaying unit is used to receive and display the temperature data collected by each of the thermocouples;

[0011] Wherein, the X-ray focusing mirror to be measured includes multiple nested lenses and its support structure, the support structure includes a hub, a core shaft and a barrel, the core shaft is arranged inside the barrel, hubs are respectively arranged at both ends of the barrel, and a plurality of spokes are arranged inside the hubs; each of the lenses is located between the core shaft and the barrel and is fixed at both ends by the spokes inside the hubs at both ends of the barrel;

[0012] The selected lenses include the outermost lens, the innermost lens, and one lens selected from the middle layer lenses at least every n lenses; 9 of the thermocouples are deployed on each selected lens, and they are distributed in 3 columns circumferentially and 3 rows axially on the selected lens, and are respectively located at the upper end, the center and the lower end of the selected lens along the axis.

[0013] Further, an insulating layer is provided on the probe of each thermocouple.

[0014] Further, the probe of the thermocouple is wrapped with a polyimide single-sided tape to form the insulating layer.

[0015] Further, the 3 columns of thermocouples distributed circumferentially on each selected lens are located at the circumferential positions corresponding to the same three spokes.

[0016] Further, the distance between the thermocouple at the upper end on the selected lens and the hub at the upper end of the barrel is 8 mm, the distance between the thermocouple at the center and the paraboloid hyperboloid dividing line of the lens is 5 mm, the distance between the thermocouple at the lower end and the X-ray outlet is 5 mm, and the installation position error of the thermocouple is less than 3 mm.

[0017] Further, the lenses are numbered 1 to N in sequence from the inside to the outside, where N is the total number of lenses; the selected lenses include the lens numbered 1, the lens numbered N, and one lens selected from the lenses numbered 2 to N - 1 at least every 3 lenses.

[0018] Further, a label is provided on the lead wire of each thermocouple to identify the detection position of the thermocouple.

[0019] Further, the lens has a Wolter-I type structure.

[0020] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0021] In this application, a temperature measurement system based on thermocouples is established for the multi-layer nested lenses of the X-ray focusing mirror. During the assembly process of the focusing mirror, the thermocouples are used to thermally implement the lenses of the focusing mirror, enabling sufficient and effective acquisition of the temperature of the X-ray focusing mirror lenses. And through process control, the occlusion of the optical path of the X-ray focusing mirror and the loss of the effective area are minimized to the greatest extent. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the thermocouple implementation position.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the normal state of the thermocouple of the X-ray focusing mirror lens.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the thermocouple insulation layer.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a diagram of the thermocouple pasting state.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state after wiring of a single-piece focusing mirror.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1 - hub, 2 - lens, 3 - spoke, 4 - insulation layer. Detailed Embodiment

[0028] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Considering that the thermocouple implementation position is between two layers of nested lenses, the entire implementation process needs to be coupled with the focusing mirror lens assembly process. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0030] 1) Confirmation of the implementation position

[0031] The optical performance of the X-ray focusing mirror is mainly achieved through the focusing of the focusing mirror lens. Implementing a thermocouple directly on the lens will cause a loss of optical performance. Therefore, when implementing a thermocouple on the lens, it is necessary to consider both being able to represent the temperature control state of the entire lens and minimizing the impact on the optical performance. Taking the example of numbering the large-diameter cylindrical lenses from the outer periphery to the small-diameter cylindrical lenses in the inner circle as 1 to N, in addition to implementing thermocouples on the outermost layer 1 and the innermost layer lens N, at least one lens is selected for thermocouple implementation every three nested cylindrical lenses. Each lens with a thermocouple implemented requires a total of 9 thermocouples to be implemented, distributed in 3 columns circumferentially and 3 rows axially, located at the upper end, the center, and the lower end along the axis of the implemented lens respectively. Among them, the upper thermocouple is about 8 mm away from the hub, the middle thermocouple is about 5 mm away from the dividing line between the paraboloid and the hyperboloid of the lens, and the lower thermocouple is about 5 mm away from the X-ray outlet. The above distances refer to the distance from the thermocouple probe itself to each reference plane, allowing an error within 3 mm. For the convenience of wiring for thermocouple implementation, the thermocouples of all lenses are installed at the corresponding circumferential positions of the same three spokes. See the schematic diagram of the lens pasting position in Figure 1 。

[0032] 2) Inspection before thermocouple pasting

[0033] Before pasting the thermocouple, it is necessary to carefully check whether the probe of the thermocouple itself is in good condition, and whether there is any state of probe loosening or fracture. If the above abnormalities occur, they should be replaced in time. The normal state of the thermocouple is that the probe is a black sphere, and the red and white leads are tightly twisted at the head, as Figure 2 shown.

[0034] 3) Initial measurement of thermocouple resistance

[0035] After confirming that the appearance state of the thermocouple is normal, it is necessary to use a multimeter to conduct a preliminary resistance test on the pre-screened thermocouple. The resistance of a normal thermocouple is generally between 100 Ω and 150 Ω. If the resistance exceeds this range (the error exceeds 20 Ω), then this thermocouple should be discarded and reselected.

[0036] 4) Insulation layer production

[0037] After ensuring that the appearance and resistance of the thermocouple are both normal, in order to ensure the normal operation of the thermocouple, it is necessary to make an insulation layer at the probe part of the thermocouple to prevent the occurrence of short-circuit problems. The method of making the insulation layer is to wrap the probe with a polyimide single-sided tape into a rectangular shape. The normal state of the insulation layer is as Figure 3 shown.

[0038] 5) Lead-out wire

[0039] After the production of the insulation layer, it is necessary to further lead out the wires. Unwind the thermocouple coil and draw out a certain length of wire from the thermocouple probe for the pasting, fixing and routing of the thermocouple. The specific length of the lead-out wire needs to be determined according to the specific position of different thermocouples. It is necessary to ensure that the coil can be led out of the hub, and at the same time avoid excessive lead length causing entanglement. Generally, the length of the lead wire after being led out from the parabolic end of the focusing mirror is about 20 cm.

[0040] 6) Make thermocouple labels

[0041] Before pasting and assembling, it is necessary to make and paste labels for each thermocouple to distinguish the positions of each thermocouple. The labels can be made of masking tape or medical tape. The uniformly used label format is "W - lens number - hub spoke number - pasting position (near, middle, far)". For example, the thermocouple label at the position of the 2nd spoke at the upper end of lens No. 30 is "W - 30 - 2 - near".

[0042] 7) Assemble and cure the lens

[0043] This step is applicable to lens assembly. The thermocouple can only be implemented on the lens after the lens is assembled and thoroughly cured.

[0044] 8) Paste the thermocouple

[0045] After completing all the previous preparation work, the thermocouple can be pasted. During the pasting process, the thermocouple probe with the insulation layer should be first bonded to the relevant position with polyimide single-sided tape. After pasting, another piece of polyimide single-sided tape should be pasted at 10 - 15 mm behind the probe to protect the probe and prevent the thermocouple probe from falling off during the re-assembly process. The specific pasting state of the thermocouple is as Figure 4 shown.

[0046] 9) Route the wires

[0047] After pasting the thermocouple, the lead wires need to be led out to the interface ports of each implemented lens and the hub. The lead wires should be parallel to the axis direction of the lens. For the part of the lead wires on the lens, a rectangular single-sided tape should be pasted every 15 mm or so for fixation. It is necessary to ensure that the tape is closely attached to the lens body part to avoid gaps with bubbles. The size of the tape itself can refer to the Figure 4 example state in. The wire routing state of a single focusing lens is as Figure 5 shown. After completing the wire routing, the remaining coil of the thermocouple needs to be fixed to the hub or the nearby tooling with masking tape.

[0048] 10) Measure the resistance value and insulation

[0049] After the thermocouple assembly work is completed, it is necessary to use a multimeter to test the resistance again and test the insulation characteristics of the self-adhesive thermocouple. The specific method is as follows: Connect the two test leads of the multimeter to the two leads of the thermocouple, record the resistance, and compare it with the resistance measured initially in step 2. If the two resistances are similar, it indicates that the state is normal. Then, connect one test lead to the lead at one end of the thermocouple, and the other test lead to the nested lens. If the resistance is ∞, it indicates that the thermocouple insulation is normal. If both the resistance and insulation are normal, the entire pasting work of the thermocouple for this focusing lens is completed, and subsequent operations can be carried out.

[0050] 11) Assembly and curing of subsequent lenses

[0051] After this step is completed, repeat steps 8) - 10) for the lenses that need to implement thermocouples to complete the thermocouple implementation work for all lenses.

[0052] 12) Data display

[0053] After each thermocouple is respectively deployed at the designated positions of the selected lenses of the X-ray focusing lens to be measured, collect the temperature data of the selected lenses and send it to the data receiving and displaying unit; then the data receiving and displaying unit receives and displays the temperature data collected by each of the thermocouples.

[0054] Although specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, the purpose is to help understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. Those skilled in the art can understand that within the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims, various substitutions, changes, and modifications are possible. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the content disclosed in the best embodiments, and the scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermocouple-based X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of thermocouples and a data receiving and displaying unit; wherein, Each of the thermocouples is respectively deployed at a designated position of a selected lens of the X-ray focusing mirror to be tested, and is used to collect temperature data of the selected lens and send it to the data receiving and displaying unit; The data receiving and displaying unit is used to receive and display the temperature data collected by each of the thermocouples; The X-ray focusing mirror to be tested comprises a multi-layer nested lens and a supporting structure thereof, wherein the supporting structure comprises a hub, a core shaft and a lens barrel, wherein the core shaft is arranged in the lens barrel, and a hub is arranged at each of the two ends of the lens barrel, wherein a plurality of spokes are arranged in the hub; each of the lenses is located between the core shaft and the lens barrel, and the two ends are fixed by the spokes in the hub at the two ends of the lens barrel; The selected lenses include the outermost lens, the innermost lens, and a lens selected from the middle layer of lenses at least every n lenses; 9 thermocouples are deployed on each selected lens, with 3 columns distributed circumferentially along the selected lens and 3 rows distributed axially, and are respectively located at the upper end, center and lower end of the selected lens along the axis.

2. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the thermocouple probes is provided with an insulating layer.

3. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 2, characterized in that: The probe of the thermocouple is wrapped with a polyimide single-sided tape to form the insulating layer.

4. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The three rows of thermocouples distributed circumferentially of each selected lens are located at circumferential positions corresponding to the same three spokes.

5. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The thermocouple at the upper end of the selected lens is 8 mm away from the hub at the upper end of the lens barrel, the thermocouple at the center is 5 mm away from the parabola and hyperboloid boundary line of the lens, and the thermocouple at the lower end is 5 mm away from the X-ray outlet. The installation position error of the thermocouple is less than 3 mm.

6. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The lenses are numbered 1 to N from the inside to the outside, where N is the total number of lenses; the selected lenses include the lens numbered 1, the lens numbered N, and a lens selected from the lenses numbered 2 to N-1 at least every 3 lenses.

7. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A label is arranged on the lead wire of each thermocouple to mark the detection position of the thermocouple.

8. The X-ray focusing mirror lens temperature measurement system based on thermocouple according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The lens is of Wolter-I type structure.

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