Quantum circuit, bit, chip and computer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quantum circuit, a bit, a chip and a computer, and belongs to the field of quantum computing. The quantum circuit comprises a main body part, and a protruding part and a hammer-shaped part which are connected to the edge of the main body part and extend outwards. The boss is spaced apart from the hammer. The extending length of the hammer-shaped part is larger than that of the protruding part. According to the quantum circuit disclosed by the invention, on the premise that the occupied space is not changed or is small, the requirement of quantum bits can be met through convenient structure adjustment, the design efficiency is greatly improved, and more bits can be conveniently integrated in a chip.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of quantum information, especially the field of quantum computing technology. In particular, this application relates to a quantum circuit, qubit, chip, and computer. Background Art

[0002] A quantum chip is the core processing component of a quantum computer. And the core structure in a quantum chip is the qubit.

[0003] Currently, the development of quantum chips is moving towards multi-qubits. To achieve a universal quantum computer with higher quantum computing performance, more and more qubits are designed into quantum chips.

[0004] For superconducting quantum chips, superconducting qubits require numerous peripheral structures to perform quantum computing. These structures will all occupy the limited space of the quantum chip. Therefore, the structural design of quantum chips is still in the exploration stage. The structural design of the quantum chips provided by the existing related technologies has an unreasonable arrangement of qubits, thus affecting the number of qubits that the quantum chip can accommodate and the performance accuracy of the quantum chip. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The example of this application provides a quantum circuit, qubit, chip, and computer. This solution can optimize the layout design of qubits in a quantum chip, reduce the difficulty of layout design, and can also conveniently adjust the structure to meet the coupling requirements of qubits with other bits or components, as well as the adjustment requirements in terms of performance.

[0006] The solution of the example of this application is implemented through the following content.

[0007] In a first aspect, the quantum circuit of the example of this application includes:

[0008] A main body part, and the contour is a continuous or discontinuous ring;

[0009] A plurality of protruding parts, connected to an optional position of the continuous ring of the main body part, or the discontinuous part of the discontinuous ring, and the protruding parts also extend outward from the main body part; and,

[0010] A plurality of hammer-shaped parts, connected to an optional position of the continuous ring of the main body part, or the discontinuous part of the discontinuous ring, and the hammer-shaped parts also extend outward from the main body part;

[0011] The protruding parts and the hammer-shaped parts are spaced apart, and the extension length of the hammer-shaped parts is greater than the extension length of the protruding parts.

[0012] According to some examples of this application, the number of hammer-shaped parts is two, and they are distributed at both ends in the diameter direction of the main body part;

[0013] Alternatively, the number of hammer-shaped portions is two, and they are distributed in two radial directions that are perpendicular to each other on the main body portion.

[0014] According to some examples of the present application, the plurality of protruding portions include at least one protruding group, and there are at least two protruding portions in the protruding group.

[0015] According to some examples of the present application, the number of hammer-shaped portions is two, and they are distributed at both ends of the diameter of the main body portion. The plurality of protruding portions include two protruding groups, and there are at least two protruding portions in each protruding group. The two protruding groups are located on both sides of the perpendicular direction of the diameter defined by the two hammer-shaped portions.

[0016] According to some examples of the present application, the protruding group includes at least three protruding portions, and they are arranged in an equally spaced circular pattern.

[0017] In a second aspect, an example of the present application discloses a superconducting qubit including the aforementioned quantum circuit.

[0018] According to some examples of the present application, the superconducting qubit includes a nonlinear element. One end of the nonlinear element is grounded, and the other end is connected to a protruding portion.

[0019] According to some examples of the present application, the nonlinear element is provided by a superconducting quantum interference device, and the superconducting quantum interference device includes at least one Josephson junction.

[0020] In a third aspect, an example of the present application discloses a quantum chip including the aforementioned quantum circuit or the aforementioned superconducting qubit.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, an example of the present application discloses a quantum computer including the above quantum chip.

[0022] According to the solution disclosed in the present application, a capacitor device that can be used in a superconducting qubit can be obtained. In a superconducting qubit with such a structure, it can be conveniently coupled with other qubits, and it is also convenient to adjust the qubit performance parameters. At the same time, a qubit with such a structure is also beneficial for arranging more qubits on the chip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] For a clearer illustration, the drawings required for the description will be briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a qubit on a quantum chip in the related art;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic relative distribution structural diagram of the quantum circuit and the ground plane in an example of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 It records Figure 2Schematic structural diagram of the quantum circuit in

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the relative distribution of the quantum circuit and the ground plane in the example of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 records Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the quantum circuit in

[0029] Figure 6 discloses the structure of a superconducting qubit constructed based on the Figure 3 quantum circuit shown;

[0030] Figure 7 shows the Figure 3 schematic structural diagram of the position where the superconducting qubit constructed based on the quantum circuit shown is coupled to other superconducting qubits;

[0031] Figure 8 discloses three schematic structural diagrams of quantum circuits in the example of this application that are different from the Figure 2 and Figure 5 quantum circuits shown.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0033] 101 - ground plane; 102 - quantum circuit; 102a - quantum circuit;

[0034] 1021 - main body part; 1022 - convex part; 1023 - hammer-shaped part;

[0035] 1021a - main body part; 1022a - convex part; 1023a - hammer-shaped part;

[0036] 201 - Josephson junction. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The pursuit of computing power and general-purpose quantum computers has led to an increasing number of qubits integrated on superconducting quantum chips. Therefore, the number of qubits in quantum chips has experienced development from several, dozens, and hundreds, and currently, it is gradually moving towards the integration goals of thousands and even millions of qubits. Facing the increasing demand for the number of qubits in quantum chips, there are huge pressures in aspects such as the layout design, manufacturing process, and chip packaging of superconducting quantum chips.

[0038] This application mainly focuses on the optimization and improvement of the layout design of qubits. For superconducting quantum chips, one of the difficulties in their design lies in that the chip includes multiple structures, such as the qubits themselves, and their peripheral structures - various circuits and components for qubit control and readout operations. In addition, in order to achieve specific logic gates and other purposes, it is often necessary to couple different qubits. These characteristics bring considerable complexity to the design of the chip layout.

[0039] Among these designs, an important factor is the structure of the qubit. Currently, the more commonly used qubit structure is the Transmon - type qubit (transmon qubit). Its shape resembles a "+" shape and is composed of a cross - shaped capacitor and a superconducting quantum interference device (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device, abbreviated as squid) connected to the end of one branch of the capacitor.

[0040] Among them, the superconducting quantum interference device (squid) contains one or more Josephson junctions; a Josephson junction is a device that includes two electrodes and a thin insulating barrier layer separating the two electrodes, and the materials of the two electrodes can exhibit superconducting characteristics at their own critical temperatures or exhibit superconducting characteristics below this critical temperature.

[0041] The Transmon qubit (transmon qubit) has a shape resembling a "+" shape and is composed of a cross - shaped capacitor and a superconducting quantum interference device (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device, abbreviated as squid) connected to the end of one branch of the capacitor. Among them, the superconducting quantum interference device (squid) contains one or more Josephson junctions; a Josephson junction is a device that includes two electrodes and a thin insulating barrier layer separating the two electrodes, and the materials of the two electrodes can exhibit superconducting characteristics at their own critical temperatures or exhibit superconducting characteristics below this critical temperature.

[0042] In the above - mentioned qubit system, there are various circuit structures with different functions around the qubits. For example, a readout resonator and a coupler for coupling connections between qubits.

[0043] The circuit structure also includes a drive control signal line (XY - Control Line, also known as the xy control line or pulse regulation signal line) for performing XY rotation operations on the qubits. By applying a drive voltage signal in the circuit, the qubits can be excited to transition; it is associated with the qubits through capacitive coupling.

[0044] The circuit structure also includes a circuit structure for performing a Z-rotation operation on the qubit, and it is completed by a control signal line near the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID); it is called a flux control signal line (Z-Control Line, also known as the z control signal line or the frequency control signal line). As mentioned above, the flux control signal line is arranged near the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), and its excitation current is inductively coupled to the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) through a magnetic field.

[0045] It should be noted that both the flux control signal line and the drive control line can be used to control the qubit, but their control forms and purposes are essentially different.

[0046] Among them, the drive control signal line applies a pulse to the qubit in the form of an electric field, and this pulse causes the energy level of the qubit to transition.

[0047] The signal transmitted by the flux control signal line will generate a magnetic field and apply it to the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) region. At the same time, the magnetic flux passing through the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) region can cause a change in the critical current of the SQUID. This change in the critical current leads to a change in the frequency of the tunable qubit, that is, the frequency of the qubit can be controlled by the signal transmitted by the flux control signal line.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of qubits arranged on a quantum chip in the related art.

[0049] Combined Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the qubit often uses a single capacitor grounded to the ground, and a superconducting quantum interference device with one end grounded and the other end connected to the capacitor. And this capacitor is often a cross-shaped parallel plate capacitor.

[0050] See Figure 1 As shown, the cross-shaped capacitor plate Cq (i.e., the qubit capacitor) is surrounded by a ground plane (GND), and there is a gap (usually an air gap, insulating) between the cross-shaped capacitor plate Cq and the ground plane (GND).

[0051] One end of the superconducting quantum interference device is connected to the end of one capacitor arm of the cross-shaped capacitor plate Cq (such as the first end mentioned later), and the other end is connected to the ground plane (GND).

[0052] Since the first end of the cross-shaped capacitor plate Cq is usually used to connect the superconducting quantum interference device, the second end is used to couple with the reading resonant cavity. The other two ends of the cross-shaped capacitor plate Cq are used to couple with adjacent quantum bits to achieve bit expansion. A certain space is usually reserved near the first end and the second end for arranging microwave transmission lines such as drive control signal lines and flux control signal lines. Similarly, a certain space is usually reserved near the resonant cavity for arranging the reading signal transmission line coupled with the resonant cavity.

[0053] The above-mentioned form of quantum bits are usually arranged in a one-dimensional linear structure, which occupies a large space on the chip and is not conducive to the deployment of large-scale bits.

[0054] In the quantum bit, as mentioned above, it is mainly composed of a capacitor and a Josephson junction. And the size of the Josephson junction is relatively small compared to the capacitor, so the coupling, readout and other operations of the bit are optimized and improved in this application. And considering that the size and shape of the capacitor in the bit also affect the key characteristic parameters such as the intrinsic frequency of the quantum bit and the coupling strength between quantum bits. Therefore, the scheme of this application also helps to conveniently adjust the performance parameters of the designed bit and is easy to manufacture and implement.

[0055] As far as the applicant knows, the hardware of the capacitor used to construct the superconducting quantum bit equivalent circuit in the current superconducting quantum chip is implemented as a distributed capacitor, and can be specifically manufactured as a metal plate on the surface of the substrate. For example, the metal plate is disconnected from the ground plane to form a ground capacitor.

[0056] For different quantum bit structures, different bit capacitors can be formed by designing metal plates with different structural forms.

[0057] Currently, there are several types of bit capacitors in practice.

[0058] Cross capacitor

[0059] A cross capacitor is a capacitor device whose hardware form is similar to the Chinese character "十".

[0060] The cross capacitor has four coupling ports, which facilitate the mutual coupling between bits, reading resonant cavities, and control circuits.

[0061] When a cross-shaped capacitor is connected to a Josephson junction, superconducting quantum bits in the form of Transmon and Xmon can be formed.

[0062] As mentioned above, this form of superconducting quantum bits can be used to construct a one-dimensional chain-like bit arrangement architecture, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, Cq represents the cross capacitor.

[0063] In practice, the applicant has found that qubits constructed particularly based on the above-mentioned cross capacitors will bring about significant changes to the qubit structure when the size is adjusted to change the qubit performance or operability. For example, the Josephson junctions and the positions of each coupling port will be significantly changed. Due to the coupling relationship between the qubit and other qubits and components, various circuits, components, and sizes in the chip will correspondingly change, thus bringing huge complexity and workload to the preliminary design, large-scale integration, and electromagnetic simulation of superconducting qubits.

[0064] In view of the above understanding and the current situation, in the examples of this application, the applicant has proposed a new quantum capacitor, which can be used as a capacitor to construct superconducting qubits.

[0065] In the example, the quantum circuit includes a main body part, a protruding part, and a hammer-shaped part (or can also be described as a T-shaped part). The three parts in the quantum circuit can be integrally formed. For example, they are manufactured into an integral structure through a coating process - for example, forming the pattern of the layout of the quantum circuit through photolithography, and then performing processes such as evaporation coating and lift-off to form the quantum circuit.

[0066] In this quantum circuit, the contour of the main body part is a continuous ring or a discontinuous ring with a discontinuous part.

[0067] The number of protruding parts is one or at least two. Therefore, multiple protruding parts can be included in the quantum circuit. These multiple protruding parts are connected to the edge of the main body part and extend outward from the main body part. Specifically, the protruding part can be connected at a selected position with a continuous ring; or, the protruding part is connected at the position of the discontinuous part of the discontinuous ring.

[0068] The number of hammer-shaped parts is one or at least two. Therefore, multiple hammer-shaped parts can be included in the quantum circuit. These multiple hammer-shaped parts are connected to the edge of the main body part and extend outward from the main body part. Specifically, the hammer-shaped part can be connected at a selected position with a continuous ring; or, the hammer-shaped part is connected at the position of the discontinuous part of the discontinuous ring.

[0069] Moreover, the protruding part and the hammer-shaped part are spaced apart. In particular, the extension length of the hammer-shaped part is greater than that of the protruding part.

[0070] Therefore, in some examples, the overall quantum circuit is roughly disc-shaped and forms multiple protruding structures with different structural forms from the edge.

[0071] In the illustrated solution of the present application, the protruding portion extends substantially in a straight line shape. However, in other examples, the extending shape of the protruding portion can be selected as a curve or a bent line shape. By selecting different extending shapes, a balance can be achieved in multiple aspects such as the space occupied by the protruding portion and the adjustment of the bit capacitance value of the superconducting qubit. For example, the extending shape of the changing area can be adjusted to more conveniently adjust the capacitance value. For example, when a longer protruding portion is required to adjust the capacitance of the quantum, it can be designed in a curved manner, thereby reducing the space occupied by the protruding portion in the chip and facilitating the integration of more superconducting qubits in the chip.

[0072] As a planar circuit, the periphery of the quantum circuit can be surrounded by a ground plane. Therefore, in specific manufacturing, it can be selected to manufacture a metal layer on the surface of the substrate, and then, through patterning the metal layer, form the pattern of the quantum circuit (forming holes in the metal layer to expose the specified pattern of the substrate surface), and then perform coating and stripping. Alternatively, in specific manufacturing, it can be selected to manufacture a metal layer on the surface of the substrate, and then, through etching the metal layer, form an opening that exposes the substrate surface, and then manufacture the quantum circuit in the opening.

[0073] In the above manufacturing solution, the remaining part of the metal layer can be used as the ground plane of the quantum circuit, and it can be known that the quantum circuit does not directly contact the ground plane, that is, there is a gap between the ground plane 101 and the quantum circuit 102. Please refer to Figure 2 . This gap provides a non-direct electrical connection between the ground plane 101 and the quantum circuit 102, and can also be used to adjust the capacitance value of the bit capacitor as mentioned later, and can also be used to configure the Josephson junction that constitutes the superconducting qubit.

[0074] In the quantum circuit, the main body portion 1021 provides its main area, while the areas of the protruding portion 1022 and the hammer-shaped portion 1023 are relatively small, as Figure 3 shown. Therefore, when the quantum circuit is used as the bit capacitor in the superconducting qubit, the main body portion serves as the main body that provides the capacitance value of the bit capacitor, while the protruding portion can be used to make relatively finer adjustments to the capacitance value. That is, the area of the main body portion is larger than the area of the hammer-shaped portion, and the area of the hammer-shaped portion is larger than the area of the protruding portion.

[0075] In Figure 2 and Figure 3 the shown structure, the contour of the main body portion 102 of the quantum circuit 102 is a continuous ring. There are 6 protruding portions 1022 therein. In Figure 2 , there are two hammer-shaped portions 1023 provided. In other examples, the number of the protruding portions and the hammer-shaped portions can be selected according to the design of the required capacitance value, and the arrangement manner can also be selected.

[0076] For example, among them, on the basis of the direction shown in Figure 3 , the two hammer-shaped parts 1023 are arranged in the vertical direction. Taking the main body part 1021 as a disc shape and the contour as a circle as an example, the number of hammer-shaped parts is two, and they are distributed at both ends in the diameter direction of the main body part. In other examples, the number of hammer-shaped parts is two, and they can also be distributed in two radial directions at right angles of the main body part, as shown in Figure 8 Figure (2) therein. Of course, they can also be distributed at other angles.

[0077] For the convex parts, all the convex parts (described as a whole with multiple convex parts) include at least one convex group. As the name implies, a convex group is composed of a plurality of convex parts. Therefore, there are at least two convex parts in the convex group. In Figure 3 , the convex parts are positioned accordingly according to the distribution of the two hammer-shaped parts.

[0078] For example, Figure 3 the six convex parts 1022 in it are evenly divided into two convex groups—denoted as the first convex group and the second convex group respectively for the convenience of discussion, and each group has three convex parts; in other examples, the number of convex parts in each convex group can also be different. The three convex parts in the same group are arranged at intervals in turn, and the distance between adjacent two is the same—for example, the convex group includes at least three convex parts and is arranged in an equally spaced circular arrangement. Among them, the first convex group is on the left in the vertical direction, and the second convex group is on the right in the vertical direction.

[0079] In other words, when the number of hammer-shaped parts is two and they are distributed at both ends of the diameter of the main body part, multiple convex parts (such as six) include two convex groups. Each convex group has at least two convex parts (such as three), and the two convex groups are located on both sides of the vertical direction perpendicular to the diameter defined by the two hammer-shaped parts.

[0080] In Figure 2 and Figure 3 the examples shown, the convex parts 1022 and the hammer-shaped parts 1023 are distributed at equal intervals in a roughly circular circumference. However, in other examples of this application, each convex part and hammer-shaped part can also be distributed non-equidistantly.

[0081] Another quantum circuit is also disclosed in the examples of this application, as shown in Figure 4 . A quantum circuit 102a surrounded by a ground plane 101 is disclosed in Figure 4 —that is, the quantum circuit 102a is located in the gap defined by the edge contour of the ground plane.

[0082] For the quantum circuit 102a, its main body 1021a forms a structure similar to a polygon; for example, it can be described as having a discontinuous ring shape. In Figure 5 the main body 1021a corresponding to the discontinuous ring shape has 8 segments, and a discontinuous part is formed between two adjacent segments. Correspondingly, the protruding part 1022a and the hammer-shaped part 1023a are respectively connected to the positions of different discontinuous parts.

[0083] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the main body of the quantum circuit having a substantially ring shape is disclosed. Figure 8 Figure (3) in Figure 4 discloses another schematic diagram of the main body of the quantum circuit having a substantially ring shape. In Figure 5 and Figure 8 in the structure shown in Figure (3) in, since the main body of the quantum circuit (a capacitor serving as a qubit) has an internal void defined by its contour, in a flip-chip superconducting quantum chip, the frequency control line of the superconducting qubit can be arranged facing the position of this void.

[0084] The main difference (not all differences) between the quantum circuit 102a and the quantum circuit 102 in the examples of this application lies in their main bodies 1021 and 1021a. Specifically, the main body 1021 is disc-shaped, while the main body 1021a is composed of multiple arc segments distributed approximately in a circumference, and there is a gap between two adjacent arc segments.

[0085] In the quantum circuit 102a, similar to the aforementioned quantum circuit 102, the protruding part 1022a and the hammer-shaped part 1023a can play the role and effect of adjusting the capacitance value of the bit capacitor. For example, the capacitance value of the bit capacitor is adjusted by the length of these structures extending outward from the main body, or the distance between the end of these structures far from the main body in the extending direction and the ground plane, or the combination of the two.

[0086] When adjusting the capacitance value of the bit capacitor, the extending lengths of the respective protruding parts can have appropriate differences; for example, the lengths of some protruding parts are larger, while the lengths of the remaining protruding parts are smaller, as shown in Figure (1) in Figure 8 . And the width of the protruding part can also be selected. These adjustments to the protruding part are also applicable to the adjustment of the hammer-shaped part, which will not be elaborated here.

[0087] Based on the above-mentioned quantum circuit, an example of the present application also discloses a superconducting qubit. The superconducting qubit includes the above-mentioned quantum circuit. Based on the composition of the superconducting qubit, if the aforementioned quantum circuit is a qubit capacitor, the qubit may further include a Josephson junction, thereby forming an equivalent nonlinear oscillation circuit with the capacitor. Based on the need to adjust the qubit frequency, the Josephson junction can be constructed in a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID); and the superconducting quantum interference can have multiple Josephson junctions, such as at least two Josephson junctions. In an example, the superconducting qubit may also have a superconducting quantum interference device with a single Josephson junction.

[0088] In a nonlinear oscillation circuit, there is a nonlinear element. That is, the superconducting qubit has a nonlinear element, which can be provided by the above-mentioned Josephson junction. In a specific hardware implementation example, the superconducting qubit includes a nonlinear element, one end of the nonlinear element is grounded, and the other end is connected to a protrusion. For example, based on Figure 2 the quantum circuit described in Figure 6 the connection method between two Josephson junctions 201 and qubit 102 is described.

[0089] For two mutually coupled superconducting qubits, based on Figure 6 the superconducting qubit example shown, they can be coupled with other superconducting qubits through the edge position of the main body of the quantum circuit. For example, configure couplers such that the couplers are distributed in a region (such as Figure 7 the coupling region shown) defined by two adjacent protrusions and the edge of the main body therebetween, thereby realizing capacitive coupling.

[0090] As Figure 7 shown, in the case of having 6 protrusions 1022 and two hammer-shaped parts 103 and distributed in the manner described in the figure, the number of coupling regions can be 8, Figure 7 only 1 is marked in

[0091] It should be noted that two mutually coupled superconducting qubits can choose to couple through a coupling region. The selection basis can be, for example, the arrangement, attitude of adjacent superconducting qubits, or the layout of multiple qubit sets, etc.

[0092] Moreover, since the capacitance value can be adjusted by regulating the number, position, and size of the protrusions and hammer-shaped parts in the quantum circuit, etc., without major modifications, different scheme simulations and layout designs can be achieved at a relatively lower cost.

[0093] Based on the above superconducting qubits, a quantum chip including the aforementioned quantum circuit or superconducting qubit can also be constructed in this application. In the quantum chip, in addition to having the aforementioned quantum circuit or superconducting qubit, corresponding structures for performing read operations and control operations on the superconducting qubits, such as the aforementioned control lines, read lines, etc., can also be provided.

[0094] Furthermore, a quantum computer can be constructed using the above quantum chip. Considering the superconducting qubit system, a refrigeration device (such as a dilution refrigerator), classical computer devices, etc. are configured in the quantum computer.

[0095] The embodiments described above with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0096] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, one or more embodiments are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Among them, similar reference numerals are used throughout the text to refer to similar components. In the above description, for the purpose of explanation, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it is obvious that one or more embodiments can be practiced without these specific details in various cases, and the various embodiments can be combined and cross-referenced with each other on the premise of not being contradictory.

[0097] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims, and above-mentioned drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here.

[0098] In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0099] The structure, features and effects of the present application have been described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the scope of implementation shown in the drawings. Any changes made according to the concept of the present application, or equivalent embodiments modified to equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and the drawings, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A quantum circuit, characterized in that: The quantum circuit comprises: A main body portion, the outline of which is a continuous ring or an interrupted ring with at least two interrupted portions; A plurality of protrusions connected to optional positions of the continuous ring-shaped main body or to discontinuous portions of the discontinuous ring-shaped main body, the protrusions also extending to the outside of the main body; and, A plurality of hammer-shaped portions connected to the main body at any position of the continuous ring or the discontinuous ring, and the hammer-shaped portions also extend to the outside of the main body; The protrusion is spaced apart from the hammer-shaped portion, and an extension length of the hammer-shaped portion is greater than an extension length of the protrusion.

2. The quantum circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the hammer-shaped parts is two, and they are distributed at both ends of the main body in the diameter direction; Alternatively, the number of the hammer-shaped portions is two, and they are distributed in two right-angled radial directions of the main body portion.

3. The quantum circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of protrusions include at least one protrusion group, wherein the protrusion group has at least two protrusions.

4. The quantum circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that There are two hammer-shaped parts, which are distributed at both ends of the diameter of the main body. The multiple protrusions include two protrusion groups, each of which has at least two protrusions. The two protrusion groups are located on both sides of the diameter defined by the two hammer-shaped parts in the vertical direction.

5. The quantum circuit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The protrusion group includes at least three protrusions, which are arranged in a ring at equal intervals.

6. A quantum bit, characterized in that: A quantum circuit comprising the quantum circuit described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The quantum bit according to claim 6, characterized in that The quantum bit includes a nonlinear element having one end connected to the ground and the other end connected to one of the protrusions.

8. The quantum bit according to claim 7, characterized in that The nonlinear element is provided by a superconducting quantum interference device, which includes at least one Josephson junction.

9. A quantum chip, characterized in that: The method comprises the quantum circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, or the quantum bit as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A quantum computer, characterized in that: Comprising the quantum chip as described in claim 9.

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