Energy-saving temperature-control aquaculture system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an energy-saving temperature-control aquaculture system which comprises net cage single bodies, a waterproof fence, a water inlet device and a water outlet device. The peripheral edge of the first net cage group is fixedly connected with a water-proof fence to form a semi-closed space which is water-permeable up and down and water-proof at the periphery; wherein a water diversion well vertically extending to the water bottom direction is arranged in the first net cage group, and the water inlet equipment is arranged at the preset position of the water diversion well and used for guiding water at the preset position of the water diversion well upwards and discharging the water into the breeding layer; the water outlet device is arranged at the position where the first net cage set is connected with an external water body and opposite to the water inlet device. According to the energy-saving temperature-control aquaculture system, bottom water with low water temperature is introduced into the surface layer through the water pushing type water inlet equipment in the water diversion well, so that the vertical movement of the water body is realized, and the balance of the water temperature of the aquaculture water body is achieved with the lowest energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and more specifically relates to an energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system. Background Art

[0002] Cold-water fish are often precious and have high nutritional value due to their special growth conditions. Taking sturgeon as an example, as a precious freshwater fish, it has extremely high nutritional value and ornamental value. In recent years, with the continuous development of aquaculture technology, the aquaculture industry of sturgeon has been growing day by day. Sturgeon has very high requirements for the aquaculture water environment, requiring clean water quality, no pollution, high dissolved oxygen content, appropriate water temperature, and moderate water flow. The industrial aquaculture mode of sturgeon often adopts ponds made of cement or bricks for breeding, or customizes fully enclosed breeding ponds with PP materials, or can also choose to use cages or enclosures in large water surfaces or under the dam of a reservoir. No matter which method is used, it is necessary to ensure the optimal conditions of water temperature, water quality, and water flow.

[0003] As an aquaculture factory, natural water bodies have the characteristics of large water volume, good water quality, high dissolved oxygen content, strong self-purification ability, and rich nutrients, and are more advantageous than ponds made of cement or bricks for breeding, or artificial breeding ponds customized with PP materials. However, since water temperature has a significant impact on the growth of cold-water fish such as sturgeon, it is necessary to maintain the water temperature at 12-23°C and the dissolved oxygen content in the water body at 5-10 mg / L throughout the year to maintain its optimal living environment. For the natural aquaculture water body with a relatively deep water depth, the water surface temperature in summer will reach about 30°C, which is not conducive to the cage culture of cold-water fish, and it is necessary to adjust the water temperature of the cage culture. Similarly, for the culture of warm-water fish, when the surface water temperature is higher than 33°C, it also faces the need to cool the water or take various measures to avoid the sharp fluctuation of water temperature, so as to reduce the stress response and reduce the death and disease probability of the cultured fish. In an open system of natural water bodies, to regulate the water temperature to ensure the optimal temperature, the traditional method is usually to cover a sunshade net above to reduce direct sunlight and lower the water temperature, etc. However, this method applicable to land-based industrial aquaculture is not only difficult to operate in natural water bodies and has a poor cooling effect, but also the use of the sunshade net is likely to cause disorder of the water body order and restriction of fish activities. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present utility model provides an energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system, aiming to achieve low-cost full artificial intervention in the water temperature of the aquaculture area through structural improvement of the traditional aquaculture cages in the floating factory and reasonable layout of low-energy-consuming water inlet devices. In summer (when the surface water temperature is higher than the bottom layer), the bottom water temperature is lower than the surface water temperature, and the bottom water is introduced to the surface to adjust the water temperature and water flow; in spring, autumn and winter (when the surface water temperature meets the aquaculture temperature requirements), water is introduced from the water surface for water quality circulation, so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation, consumption reduction and cost saving for maintaining the temperature required for fish farming.

[0005] To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present utility model provides an energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system, comprising an aquaculture cage, a first impervious enclosure and a water inlet device. The outer periphery of the aquaculture cage is fixedly connected to the first impervious enclosure to form a semi-closed space that is permeable up and down and impermeable around. The height of the first impervious enclosure is 2 - 50 m.

[0006] The commonly used single cage in the floating factory of aquaculture is a containing device with a net on the four sides and the bottom, which is composed of a gravity-type fully floating cage and a netting, and can prevent aquatic products from escaping (that is, the four sides and the bottom are net-like and permeable). It should be clarified that the aquaculture cage described in the present utility model does not refer to a single cage, but includes an aquaculture cage formed by connecting a single commonly used cage monomer or multiple cage monomers. The first impervious enclosure can be made of materials with anti-seepage and water-blocking functions, such as HDPE geomembrane, stainless steel plate, PP plate, etc. If various heat insulation treatments are further applied to it, it is also within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model. The semi-closed space formed by the first impervious enclosure and the aquaculture cage, which is closed around and permeable up and down, constructs a space similar to a natural "water well" for the cultured fish, and forms a water environment with gradually decreasing water temperature from top to bottom in the vertical direction. Since the water temperature of natural water decreases by about 0.7 - 1 degree for every 10 meters of depth increase, therefore, the height of the first impervious enclosure is set to a maximum of 50 meters, and the low-temperature water about 5 degrees lower than the surface water can be introduced to the surface to help farmers cool the aquaculture water area at low cost and ensure that the cultured fish survive the hot summer with almost zero mortality. The height of the first impervious enclosure can be set according to the water depth where the actually cultured aquatic products live. Cold-water fish such as sturgeon mostly live in the water layer with a depth of 5 - 6 m. Therefore, for the preferred case of culturing sturgeon, the height of the impervious enclosure is set to at least 6 m. The water inlet device can include, for example but not limited to, large-capacity jet aerators, submersible propellers, submersible reflux pumps, waterwheel aerators and other equipment.

[0007] The gravity-type fully floating cage can be made of common HDPE material. The single cage can be in various shapes such as square, round, spherical, butterfly-shaped, and ship-shaped. The materials can be selected from plastic nets, metal nets, nylon nets, rubber canvas nets, and bamboo nets. For fish fed with sinking feed, in this application, a square or rectangular single body with a length of 3 to 40 m and a width of 5 to 30 m, composed of an HDPE gravity-type fully floating cage and a netting, is preferably used. For such a single cage, the surrounding and the bottom are permeable nets, which can fully receive the nutrients in the water body of the aquaculture water area and are suitable for high-density aquaculture. In addition, the mesh number of the middle netting at the bottom of the square or rectangular cage is set as a sinking bait table smaller than the size of the pellet feed, while the mesh number of the netting at both ends of the bottom of the cage is the same as that of the netting around the cage, and such a setting is more conducive to the precipitation of dirt. For fish fed with floating feed, the shape and size of the single cage are not restricted.

[0008] Different from the prior art, the above technical solution encloses a semi-closed aquaculture space with upper and lower water permeability and surrounding water impermeability by using an impermeable enclosure for the aquaculture cage formed by connecting one or more single cages, artificially constructing a gradient temperature difference stratified water body with gradually decreasing water temperature from top to bottom in the vertical direction. By real-time monitoring the water temperature condition of the aquaculture area, the water inlet device can be immediately adjusted to adopt a "bottom-up" vertical water diversion and cooling mode and a "from outside to inside" or "from inside to outside" water circulation mode to maintain the water temperature, water quality, and oxygen content in the aquaculture area in the most suitable state, ensuring the maximum survival rate, the lowest morbidity and mortality of the aquaculture objects, the highest utilization rate of the bait, and the lowest possible dosage of medicine, and greatly reducing the cost required to reduce the water temperature in the prior art, thereby achieving the minimum aquaculture cost. In specific practice, there are different specific implementation schemes for different aquaculture scales. For example, the area of the entire aquaculture cage is less than or close to 100 m 2, an impermeable enclosure can be installed around the periphery of the aquaculture cage, essentially forming a "well" that is permeable at the top and bottom but impermeable on all sides. When the water temperature needs to be lowered, the low-temperature water at the bottom is drawn upward through the water inlet device preset at a certain position in the "well" and mixed with the relatively warmer water in the upper layer to achieve the purpose of temperature reduction. If the aquaculture cage is composed of multiple aquaculture units enclosing a relatively large water body with an area of hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of square meters, after installing the impermeable enclosure around the periphery of the aquaculture cage, at least one water intake well needs to be added inside the aquaculture cage. The low-temperature water at the bottom is drawn upward through the water inlet device installed in the water intake well and mixed with the relatively warmer water in the upper layer to achieve the purpose of temperature reduction. Moreover, if the water intake well is installed inside the aquaculture cage, a diversion open channel leading to the outside of the impermeable enclosure of the aquaculture cage can be pre-installed, and a gate is set on the diversion open channel. When the temperature of the water on the outer surface layer of the impermeable enclosure of the aquaculture cage is higher than the required temperature for aquaculture and low-temperature water is drawn upward for temperature reduction, the gate is closed; when the temperature of the water on the outer surface layer of the impermeable enclosure of the aquaculture cage also reaches the required temperature for aquaculture, the gate is opened to allow external water to enter the aquaculture cage to achieve water circulation and oxygenation. At this time, the connection between the diversion pipe of the water intake well and the first impermeable enclosure, as well as the connection between the diversion pipe and the water intake well, do not need to be disconnected.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the area of the aquaculture cage is 100 - 100000 m 2 . The utility model can set aquaculture cages of different sizes according to the actual situation of the aquaculture water body. However, if the area of the aquaculture cage is less than 100 m 2 , on the one hand, it will result in too high a cost for installing the impermeable enclosure along the outer periphery, and on the other hand, the energy consumption cost of using the technical solution of the utility model to achieve water temperature balance and summer cooling in a small water body is not significantly superior to the prior art. Therefore, it is not recommended to use the impermeable enclosure for too small aquaculture cages. When the area of the first aquaculture cage group is 100 - 100000 m 2 , adopting the technical solution of the utility model not only has a low cost for the impermeable enclosure, but also can well maintain the water temperature and water flow in the aquaculture layer under the optimal conditions only with low-energy water inlet and outlet devices, and the energy consumption and operation and maintenance costs are extremely low.

[0010] Based on the requirements of industrial aquaculture scale, in some embodiments where the area of the aquaculture cage is relatively large (for example, greater than 100 m 2 ), the energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system further includes a water intake well. The water intake well includes a well body and a diversion pipe provided on the side wall of the well body and communicating with the well body. The water inlet device is set at a preset position of the well body. Preferably, the height of the well body is 2 - 50 m, and the area of the cross-section of the well body (the shape of the cross-section is not particularly required, and square, circular, polygonal, or irregular shapes are all acceptable) is 0.2 - 20 m 2, the water intake well with a smaller area can be constructed with corrugated pipes or PP water pipes, etc., and the water intake well with a larger area can be made of materials with anti-seepage and isolation functions such as HDPE geomembrane, stainless steel plates, PP plates, etc. that are the same as the impermeable enclosure. Specifically, the area of the water intake well can be correspondingly equipped according to the size of the area of the first net cage group. For example, a first net cage group of 100m 2 can be equipped with only a 0.2m 2 water intake well, while a net cage group of 5000m 2 can be equipped with a 1.5m 2 water intake well. The inner diameter of the diversion pipe is 0.3 - 5m, and the length of the diversion pipe is 1.0 - 10m.

[0011] In particular, the water intake well can be arranged in the water body outside the aquaculture net cage and close to the first impermeable enclosure, and the diversion pipe penetrates through the first impermeable enclosure and leads to the inside of the aquaculture net cage. In actual aquaculture management operations, when the natural surface water temperature outside the first impermeable enclosure reaches the aquaculture requirements, the connection between the water intake well and the diversion pipe can be disconnected, and the diversion direction of the equipment remains unchanged, so as to directly take the surface water outside the first impermeable enclosure for mixing and make the water body reach the bottom layer from top to bottom for oxygenation.

[0012] Of course, considering factors such as the power of the water intake equipment and the amount of water to be mixed during the actual industrial aquaculture operation process, in other specific embodiments, the water intake well is arranged in the water body inside the aquaculture net cage.

[0013] Preferably, the well body is a height-adjustable foldable structure. With such a design, the depth of the artificially constructed "well body" can be shortened or lengthened by folding or stretching according to different actual geographical environments, climatic conditions, etc., so as to take low-temperature water at different depths and temperatures to mix and cool the surface water. During actual operation, considering that the depth of the water taken may be adjusted at any time, a telescopic hose is preferably selected as the material of the water intake well, and a height-adjustable water well made of a soft material with a spring-like skeleton inside that can be folded (shrunk, used to draw low-temperature water from a shallower depth upward) and stretched (elongated, used to draw low-temperature water from a deeper depth upward) is made. And when the water intake well is made of materials with a specific gravity less than that of water, sinkers are usually added to prevent the water intake well from floating upward, resulting in the inability to effectively take water at the preset depth. The area of the water intake well and the depth position where it is set should ensure that the water inflow is greater than the flow rate of the water intake equipment, save the suction lift of the water intake equipment, and efficiently promote the mixing and dilution of the low-temperature water at the bottom layer to reduce the high temperature of the surface water, so as to achieve the purpose of minimizing energy consumption.

[0014] The further preferably energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model further includes a water outlet device. When the unit area of the aquaculture cage is small and the heat transfer around is slow, resulting in an obvious water temperature stratification phenomenon in the relatively enclosed water body, it is necessary to actively discharge the relatively high-temperature water on the surface layer in the aquaculture cage out of the aquaculture cage artificially through the water outlet device. After the surface layer water is discharged, the low-temperature water drawn from the bottom layer from bottom to top is used to supplement the surface layer, so as to achieve sufficient mixing and cooling. When the surface water outside the first impermeable enclosure of the aquaculture cage is at the temperature required for aquaculture, water is introduced from the upper part of the aquaculture cage, that is, the water flow direction of the water outlet device is controlled to be changed from discharging from inside to outside to introducing from outside to inside. By utilizing the characteristic of high dissolved oxygen in the natural surface water, the energy consumption is reduced to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the water body at a certain concentration value, and at the same time, the water body circulation is promoted.

[0015] Preferably, the water outlet device includes a water outlet pump, a check valve and a drain pipe which are connected. The water outlet pump includes but is not limited to an axial flow pump, a mixed flow pump, a submersible reflux pump, a submersible agitator and a waterwheel type aerator, etc., so as to be applicable to aquaculture water bodies of different scales and types, including fresh water aquaculture and seawater aquaculture, etc. The check valve is actually a one-way valve that prevents the inflow or outflow of water from flowing back when the machine stops. Specifically, it can adopt but is not limited to a lift check valve, a swing check valve, a butterfly check valve, a diaphragm check valve. In actual operation, when a waterwheel type aerator is used as an inlet or drainage device, an open channel and a check valve are equipped. When draining water, check is required, but when introducing water, check is not required; when a submersible device is used as an inlet or drainage, a diversion pipe is used, and check is not required when the machine stops. The function of the drain pipe is not limited to drainage, but also includes guiding. When the surface water outside the first impermeable enclosure of the aquaculture cage is at the temperature required for aquaculture, the water flow direction of the water outlet device is controlled to be changed from discharging from inside to outside to introducing from outside to inside. At this time, the drain pipe undertakes the function of guiding.

[0016] In some more preferred embodiments, the energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system further includes a second impermeable enclosure. The second impermeable enclosure is arranged at a position away from the first impermeable enclosure and facing the water body outside the aquaculture cage. The depth of the second impermeable enclosure and the aquaculture cage enclosed by it is the same, both being 2 - 30 m. In this way, a water temperature buffer layer is actually formed between the first impermeable enclosure and the second impermeable enclosure, which prevents the heat of the high-temperature water body outside the aquaculture cage from quickly diffusing into the aquaculture cage. Preferably, the distance between the second impermeable enclosure and the first impermeable enclosure, that is, the width of the "water temperature buffer layer", is 0.5 - 1.5 m. The function is that the surface water in the buffer layer (which is easier to heat up than the water in the aquaculture cage) can be discharged in time. More preferably, the height of the first impermeable enclosure is less than the height of the second impermeable enclosure, which can better reduce the temperature rise effect caused by the diffusion of the water temperature in the "water temperature buffer layer" to the surroundings, and ensure that the water temperature in the aquaculture cage is within a suitable range.

[0017] In some more preferred embodiments, the water intake well is arranged in the water body inside the aquaculture cage, the water body between the first impermeable enclosure and the second impermeable enclosure, or the water body outside the second impermeable enclosure and away from the aquaculture cage. When the water intake well is arranged in the water body between the first impermeable enclosure and the second impermeable enclosure, the diversion pipe of the water intake well passes through the first impermeable enclosure, and the low-temperature water taken from the bottom of the water temperature buffer interlayer is pushed into the aquaculture cage through the diversion pipe; when the water intake well is arranged in the water body outside the second impermeable enclosure and away from the aquaculture cage, the diversion pipe of the water intake well passes through the first impermeable enclosure and the second impermeable enclosure to take low-temperature water from the bottom of the natural water body outside the second impermeable enclosure and then is pushed into the aquaculture cage through the diversion pipe.

[0018] For the convenience of staff to walk on the aquaculture cage for feeding, monitoring and control, a first floating path with a width of 0.5 - 1.5 m is arranged at the upper part of the periphery of the aquaculture cage, and a second floating path is arranged between each cage unit in the aquaculture cage. The first floating path and the second floating path are made of common materials in the field of aquaculture.

[0019] Of course, the aquaculture system of the present utility model may also include mechanical aeration equipment used in traditional aquaculture systems, adopting bottom aeration or surface aeration, such as but not limited to air pipe - aeration disk, waterwheel - reflux pump, etc., and more preferably, a pure oxygen aeration equipment is selected. The aeration equipment of the air pipe - aeration disk type mainly includes an energy - saving fan, a central control device, a main pipeline, a hose, and an aeration disk. The central control console is arranged on the preset base of the aquaculture net cage, and is connected to the aeration disks in each net cage monomer through the main pipeline and several hoses connected to the main pipeline, for efficiently aerating the aquaculture water body, balancing the water temperature, and stabilizing the water quality. The energy - saving fan and the central control device are arranged on the preset base of the aquaculture net cage, and are connected to the aeration devices in each of the net cage monomers through the main pipeline and several hoses connected to the main pipeline. The aeration device is an aeration disk or an aeration pipe. The aeration disk or aeration pipe is immersed in water by 2 - 8m, and the fan pressure is 20 - 80Kpa, for efficiently aerating the aquaculture water body, balancing the water temperature, and stabilizing the water quality. The central control device can set parameters such as the start - stop, rotation speed, and pressure of the energy - saving fan, and read data such as frequency, rotation speed, voltage, current, and power. This energy - saving fan can, for example, be an air suspension fan, which can significantly reduce energy consumption during operation. Compared with a fan with a traditional mechanical bearing, since the air suspension fan does not require friction and adopts advanced air suspension technology and efficient aerodynamic design, the fan impeller can self - suspend and rotate at high speed, thus generating air flow more efficiently, and can reduce energy consumption by more than 30%. By using centrifugal force to mix air and water, tiny bubbles are formed, and these bubbles are evenly injected into the water of each net cage monomer through the aeration disk or aeration pipe, greatly increasing the surface area of the bubbles, making the gas contact the water body more fully, thereby accelerating the dissolution of oxygen and increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water body. At the same time, the application of the energy - saving fan helps to promote the sedimentation of suspended substances in the water body, improve the water quality, and keep the aquaculture water body clean and stable. Compared with traditional roots blowers, etc., it takes about 10 days to increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water by 1mg at a depth of 1m in still water. The air suspension fan has significant advantages in energy conservation and helps to reduce the operating cost of aquaculture.

[0020] In addition, daily water quality monitoring equipment such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, etc. in the aquaculture area, feed storage, mixing, and feeding devices, and sewage collection, collection, and cleaning devices in the aquaculture net cage can all be equipped and arranged according to the actual situation such as the scale of aquaculture work.

[0021] The relevant records in the above - mentioned utility model content are only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of this application, and then be able to implement it according to the content recorded in the description and the drawings, and in order to make the above - mentioned objects, other objects, features, and advantages of this application more easily understood, the following will be described in conjunction with the specific implementation manners and drawings of this application. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, features, effects, etc. of the specific embodiments of the present application and other related contents, and should not be considered as a limitation to the present application.

[0023] In the drawings of the specification:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a top - view plan schematic diagram of an energy - saving temperature - controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a three - dimensional schematic diagram of an energy - saving temperature - controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross - sectional view of an energy - saving temperature - controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water intake well of an energy - saving temperature - controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a water intake schematic diagram of an energy - saving temperature - controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a water intake cross - sectional schematic diagram of an energy - saving temperature - controlled aquaculture system of the present utility model.

[0030] The descriptions of the reference numerals involved in the above - mentioned respective drawings are as follows:

[0031] 1. Cage unit; 11. Gravity - type fully - floating cage; 12. Netting; 2. Impermeable enclosure; 21. First floating channel; 22. Second floating channel; 3. Water inlet device; 4. Water outlet device; 5. Water intake well; 61. Central control console; 62. Main pipeline; 63. Hose; 64. Aeration device. Specific embodiments

[0032] To illustrate in detail the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific implementable solutions, achievable purposes and effects, etc. of the present application, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with the specific examples listed and the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0033] Reference to "embodiment" in this application means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing at various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it particularly limit its independence or relevance to other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there is no technical contradiction or conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, the meanings of the technical terms used in this application are the same as those commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs; the use of the relevant terms in this application is only for describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

[0035] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is an expression used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B means: the existence of A, the existence of B, and the simultaneous existence of A and B. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally represents an "or" logical relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0036] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantitative, primary-secondary, or sequential relationships between these entities or operations.

[0037] Without further limitation, in this application, the expressions such as "include", "comprise", "have", or other similar expressions used in a statement are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. These expressions do not exclude the possibility that there may be additional elements in the process, method, or product including the said elements, so that the process, method, or product including a series of elements may not only include those defined elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to this process, method, or product.

[0038] The same as the understanding in the "Examination Guidelines", in this application, expressions such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. are understood not to include the number itself; expressions such as "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "many" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups", "multiple times", etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the spatially related expressions used, such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "perpendicular", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiment or the attached drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present application or for the readers to understand, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] Unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", "arranged", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] When culturing cold-water fish including sturgeon or warm-water fish including grass carp, eel, etc. in natural water bodies such as reservoirs, equipment such as cages is mostly used for centralized captive breeding. When solving the problem of cold-water fish surviving the summer, there is a research report on the scheme of a water-lifting and cooling cage, that is, a waterproof PA cloth with a certain degree of airtightness is used to make a box with impermeable four sides and bottom. A submersible pump sucks low-temperature water from the deep water area into the cage through a water-lifting pipe. After the water body is exchanged, it is discharged from the sewage discharge hole at the bottom of the box, that is, water enters from the upper part and is discharged from the lower part. However, the cage disclosed in this report has a small unit area, the heat transfer of the water temperature around is not ideal, and the cost of the five-sided enclosing film / cloth of the cage is high. If it is necessary to cover an area of 100 - 100,000 m 2For water temperature reduction in water bodies, dozens or even over a hundred submersible pumps need to be arranged, greatly increasing the equipment investment cost and operation management cost. At the same time, when the water temperature generally rises in summer, the bottom net film / cloth is prone to floating. To ensure smooth water discharge, it is necessary to increase the weight of the sinkers or control the water outlet to make the water level in the net cage slightly higher than the peripheral water level, which greatly increases the complexity of the operation. In addition, the energy consumption for pumping water in (pumping water upward, inlet water at the upper part, and drainage at the lower part) is high, the heat transfer in the horizontal direction is slow, and the efficiency of cooling water is low. Considering the maintenance of dissolved oxygen in the water body, additional aeration equipment needs to be equipped, undoubtedly greatly increasing the cost of artificial aquaculture equipment. Therefore, through continuous experiments and explorations in the long-term practice and theoretical research of aquaculture, the inventor has developed an energy-saving temperature control aquaculture system with low equipment investment, simple operation, and low energy consumption.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1-6 , an energy-saving temperature control aquaculture system, comprising a net cage unit 1, an impermeable enclosure 2, a water-pushing type inlet device 3, and an outlet device 4. A plurality of net cage units 1 are connected into a first net cage group, and the outer periphery of the first net cage group is fixedly connected with the impermeable enclosure 2 to form a semi-closed space that is permeable up and down and water-tight around. Among them, a water intake well 5 extending vertically towards the bottom is arranged in the first net cage group, the water-pushing type inlet device 3 is arranged at a preset position of the water intake well 5, and the water-pushing type inlet device 3 is used to draw the water at the preset position of the water intake well 5 upward and discharge it into the aquaculture layer; the outlet device 4 is arranged at a position where the first net cage group is connected to the external water body and opposite to the water-pushing type inlet device 3. In principle, the water-pushing type inlet device 3 is arranged at the upstream side of the water body in the aquaculture water area, and the outlet device 4 is arranged at the downstream side of the water body in the aquaculture water area in principle.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the present utility model provides an energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system, which includes an aquaculture cage 1, a first impermeable enclosure 2, and a water inlet device 3. The aquaculture cage 1 is a semi-closed structure arranged in a natural water body and is used for culturing aquatic animals such as cold-water fish and warm-water fish. The aquaculture cage 1 is made of common permeable materials such as netting. After its outer periphery is enclosed by the first impermeable enclosure, a semi-closed space that can freely permeate water at both the upper and lower ends and is water-tight around is formed. The function of the first impermeable enclosure is to block the direct contact between the surrounding water flow and the aquaculture area, thereby ensuring smooth water circulation and maintaining the natural water quality of the aquaculture water area. The height of this enclosure can be between 2 - 50m, and the specific height can be adjusted according to the depth of the water area and the requirements of aquaculture. The material of the enclosure should be selected as an impermeable material with corrosion resistance and strong compressive resistance to ensure its long-term stable performance. The size of the cage can be adjusted according to actual aquaculture needs to adapt to different types of aquatic animals and different scales of aquaculture. The water inlet device is arranged inside or outside the first impermeable enclosure. The main function of the water inlet device is to inject the low-temperature water at the bottom layer of the natural water body into the inside of the aquaculture cage, adjust the water temperature in the aquaculture area, and achieve the purpose of energy-saving temperature control. This water inlet device can be various forms of devices such as a jet aerator, a submersible propeller, a submersible reflux pump, and a waterwheel aerator, ensuring that the bottom water flow can stably enter the aquaculture area and controlling the temperature of the aquaculture environment through appropriate water volume.

[0044] Through this design, the aquaculture system of the present utility model can effectively isolate the external unstable water temperature changes, use the low-energy water inlet device to introduce the low-temperature water at the bottom layer to regulate the water temperature in the aquaculture area, and ensure that the cultured fish are in a suitable growth environment. At the same time, due to the existence of the upper and lower permeable structures, the water quality in the aquaculture area is naturally updated, and no additional water circulation equipment is required, thereby saving energy consumption and reducing operating costs.

[0045] In an improved implementation manner of the present utility model, the aquaculture system further includes a water intake well 5, which is composed of a well body 51 and a diversion pipe 52. The well body 51 of the water intake well 5 is located near the aquaculture cage 1. A diversion pipe 52 is arranged on the side wall of the well body. One end of the diversion pipe 52 is communicated with the well body 51, and the other end is connected to the external water body. Through the reasonably designed fluid mechanics principle, the diversion pipe 52 introduces the external water body into the well body 51, and the water flow in the well body can maintain stable temperature and water quality conditions.

[0046] The water inlet device 3 is arranged at a preset position inside the well body 51, usually at the bottom or middle of the well body 51. The water flow in the diversion well is conveyed into the aquaculture net cage through the water inlet device, so as to realize the injection of low-temperature water. Since the diversion well 5 can introduce low-temperature water bodies from the outside through the diversion pipe 52, the water temperature in the aquaculture area can be controlled more accurately and at a lower cost. Keeping the aquaculture water temperature at the optimal temperature for the cultured fish and ensuring water quality stability helps to improve the growth rate and health status of aquatic animals. Since the diversion well provides a relatively closed and stable water source environment, the influence of external water temperature fluctuations on the system is reduced, and the temperature difference in natural water bodies can be effectively utilized to regulate the water temperature, reducing the dependence on high-energy-consuming equipment and greatly reducing energy consumption. In addition, the aquaculture net cage 1 is connected to the external water body through the well body 51 and the diversion pipe 52, which not only ensures the continuous update of the water flow but also avoids excessive fluctuations in water quality, making the water quality in the aquaculture system more balanced and helping to improve the aquaculture efficiency.

[0047] The diversion well 5 is arranged in the water body outside the aquaculture net cage 1, close to the first impermeable enclosure 2. This design separates the isolation area between the diversion well and the aquaculture net cage, facilitating the acquisition of a relatively stable water source from the outside and avoiding possible temperature and water quality fluctuations caused by the direct contact between the water body in the aquaculture area and the outside. The diversion pipe 52 penetrates through the first impermeable enclosure 2 and introduces the external water body into the inside of the aquaculture net cage 1. Through this structural design, the external water body can enter the net cage through the diversion pipe, realizing the stable flow and temperature control of the water body. The diversion well is connected to the external water body, and the system can select a water source with an appropriate temperature to adjust the water temperature of the aquaculture net cage, enhancing the accuracy of temperature control. This setting also enables the system to cope with a wider range of environmental temperature changes, ensuring stable growth conditions for aquatic animals in different seasons and environments. The water inlet device 3 is still arranged at the preset position of the diversion well 5. By adjusting the water inlet flow rate, the water body at an appropriate temperature is conveyed into the aquaculture net cage, further enhancing the temperature control effect of the system. This improvement not only optimizes the system structure, further improves the stability and energy-saving performance of water temperature control, but also ensures the natural update of water quality, providing a strong guarantee for the high-efficiency and energy-saving of aquaculture.

[0048] In some other embodiments, the water intake well 5 is arranged in the water body inside the aquaculture cage 1. This design enables the water intake well to directly obtain water from inside the aquaculture cage, avoiding possible water quality or temperature fluctuations when introducing external water bodies. This setting is particularly suitable for occasions that require maintaining the water quality balance in the aquaculture area and can better control the temperature and water quality of the water body inside the cage. In addition, the well body 51 of the water intake well 5 is designed as a height-adjustable structure. Through this adjustable height design, the system can adjust the height of the water intake well according to the temperature and water quality conditions of different water layers inside the aquaculture cage, thereby more precisely controlling the water intake source of the water intake device 3. This flexible adjustment method can ensure that the temperature and water quality of the aquaculture water body are always in the best state, effectively improving the temperature control efficiency of the system. By adjusting the height of the water intake well, the system can flexibly respond to changes in water temperature and water quality in the aquaculture area, meet the needs of different environments and water layers, and thus enhance the applicability of the entire system.

[0049] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aquaculture system further includes a water discharge device 4, which is composed of a water discharge pump 41, a check valve 42, and a drain pipe 43. The water discharge pump 41 is used to discharge the water body inside the aquaculture cage to a designated area to ensure the renewal of the water body and the stability of the water quality. The function of the check valve 42 is to prevent the water in the drain pipe from flowing back, ensuring the one-way flow of the drainage system and preventing the aquaculture water body from being polluted. The drain pipe 43 then leads the water body to the external environment or a water treatment device, or also undertakes the function of a diversion channel in some cases.

[0050] The addition of the water discharge device can quickly discharge the wastewater inside the aquaculture cage, enhance the water renewal rate, and ensure that the water quality always remains in a state suitable for aquaculture. By setting the check valve, it prevents external water bodies or pollutants from entering the aquaculture area during shutdown, protecting the safety of the aquaculture environment and the purity of the water quality.

[0051] In some other improved embodiments, the system further includes a second impermeable enclosure 6, which is arranged in the external water body area far from the first impermeable enclosure 2. This design further isolates the aquaculture cage from the external water body, forming a multi-layer water temperature protection structure and also forming a water temperature buffer layer. The water intake well 5 can be arranged in the water body between the first impermeable enclosure 2 and the second impermeable enclosure 6, or in the water body outside the second impermeable enclosure 6. Through this double enclosure design, the system can more effectively control the influence of the external water body on the aquaculture area.

[0052] In a more preferred embodiment, the height of the second impermeable enclosure is set to 2 - 30 m. In this way, the height of the first impermeable enclosure is less than that of the second impermeable enclosure, which can better reduce the heating effect caused by the diffusion of the water temperature in the "water temperature buffer layer" to the surroundings and ensure that the water temperature of the water body inside the aquaculture cage is within a suitable range.

[0053] By setting the second waterproof enclosure 6, the system forms a double-layer isolation, further preventing the influence of poor external water quality or temperature fluctuations on the aquaculture area and ensuring the stability of the aquaculture environment. The water intake well can be set in different water areas according to actual needs, providing greater flexibility and making the water intake and temperature control systems more adaptable to changes in different environmental conditions.

[0054] The working principle of the energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system of the present application is as follows:

[0055] The present utility model provides an operation method for an energy-saving temperature-controlled aquaculture system. By real-time monitoring of the water temperature in the aquaculture cage 1 and combining with the automatic control of the water intake device 3, precise adjustment of the temperature of the aquaculture water body is achieved. The specific steps are as follows:

[0056] (1) Temperature data collection: Obtain the temperature data of the water body inside the aquaculture cage 1.

[0057] (2) Temperature judgment: Compare the real-time collected water temperature data with the preset fish farming temperature. The preset temperature data is set according to the optimal growth temperature range of the cultured fish.

[0058] (3) Start the water intake device 3: When the collected water temperature data is higher than the set preset temperature, turn on the water intake device 3 to introduce the low-temperature water at the bottom upward into the water body with a lower temperature, quickly reducing the water temperature in the aquaculture cage 1 and keeping it within an appropriate range.

[0059] (4) Stop water intake: When the water temperature reaches the appropriate temperature required for fish growth, the water intake device can be turned off to keep the water temperature stable and avoid excessive cooling.

[0060] The aquaculture system provided in this embodiment can also automatically control the temperature of the aquaculture water body, saving manpower and improving the accuracy of temperature control, ensuring the best environmental conditions for fish farming. Through real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment, the system can avoid the influence of too high water temperature on the cultured fish, guarantee the healthy growth of fish, and save energy at the same time.

[0061] In the reservoir sturgeon farm during the summer, when the measured water temperature on the water surface is greater than or equal to 26 °C, cooling is required to avoid sturgeon from being infected with bacteria and viruses. Turn on the water-pushing type water intake device, jet aerator and reflux pump. Set appropriate negative pressure and rotation speed for the jet aerator. The flow rate of the reflux pump = 1400 m 2 / h, zero head, to achieve the best water-pushing energy efficiency ratio and aeration effect. Turn on the energy-saving fan, set the rotation speed of the energy-saving fan to 33000 r / min, and the flow rate to 2000 m 3 / h. 3 / h, the aeration disc is 6 m underwater, and the fan pressure is 50 Kpa. After calculation, by using the energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system provided in this application, the energy consumption cost for cooling 50,000 cubic meters of water body by 5 °C can be saved by at least 30,000 to 50,000 yuan.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the text and drawings of the specification of this application, the patent protection scope of this application cannot be limited thereby. Any technical solutions obtained by equivalent structure or equivalent process substitution or modification based on the essential concept of this application and using the content recorded in the text and drawings of the specification of this application, as well as those directly or indirectly implementing the technical solutions of the above embodiments in other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system, characterized in that: It comprises a breeding cage (1), a first watertight enclosure (2) and a water inlet device (3), The outer periphery of the aquaculture cage (1) is fixedly connected to the first waterproof enclosure (2) to form a semi-enclosed space that is water-permeable from top to bottom and waterproof on all sides. The height of the first waterproof enclosure (2) is 2-50m.

2. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a water diversion well (5), the water diversion well (5) comprising a well body (51) and a flow guide pipe (52) arranged on the side wall of the well body (51) and connected to the well body (51), and the water inlet device (3) is arranged at a preset position of the well body (51).

3. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The water diversion well (5) is arranged in the water body outside the aquaculture cage (1) and close to the first waterproof enclosure (2); the flow guide pipe (52) passes through the first waterproof enclosure (2) and leads to the interior of the aquaculture cage (1).

4. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water diversion well (5) is arranged in the water body inside the aquaculture cage (1).

5. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The well body (51) is height-adjustable.

6. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a water outlet device (4).

7. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water outlet device (4) comprises a water outlet pump (41), a check valve (42) and a drainage pipe (43) which are connected to each other.

8. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system further comprises a second watertight enclosure (6), wherein the second watertight enclosure (6) is arranged at a position away from the first watertight enclosure (2) and toward the water body outside the aquaculture cage (1).

9. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water diversion well (5) is arranged in the water body inside the aquaculture cage (1), the water body between the first waterproof enclosure (2) and the second waterproof enclosure (6), or the water body outside the second waterproof enclosure (6) away from the aquaculture cage (1).

10. The energy-saving and temperature-controlled aquaculture system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The height of the second impermeable enclosure is 2-30m.

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