Guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide device for a tibial plateau fracture surgery, which comprises a support rod, a tibia cushion block, an arc-shaped guide sleeve, an arc-shaped slide rail, a slide rail positioning piece and at least two bone guide needle intubation tubes, and is characterized in that the tibia cushion block fixed at one end of the support rod can be inserted into one side of a tibia to be operated along with the support rod; one end of the arc-shaped sliding rail is inserted into an arc-shaped guide sleeve fixedly installed on the supporting rod in a sliding mode, the arc-shaped guide sleeve and the arc-shaped sliding rail can be arranged on the outer side of the leg of a patient in a sleeving mode, the circle centers of the arc-shaped guide sleeve and the arc-shaped sliding rail are located on the tibia cushion block all the time, and at least two bone guide needle insertion pipes allowing bone guide needles to be inserted are fixed to the arc-shaped sliding rail at intervals. According to the utility model, other tissues near the tibial plateau are prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the bone guide needle is inserted too deep, a plurality of incisions are formed in the leg of a patient or the incisions are prolonged to increase exposure, the bone setting risk is reduced, and the postoperative healing efficiency is improved; and accurate measurement of the fixed length of the bone guide pin is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a medical auxiliary instrument, in particular to a guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery. Background Art

[0002] When fractures, bone cracks and other conditions occur in the tibial plateau, it is necessary to adjust the position of the tibial bone mass through bone guide pins so that the tibial bone mass is reset, and then fixed with bone nails.

[0003] At present, when resetting the tibial bone mass, it is necessary to first cut the skin at the tibial plateau part of the human body, and then use traction or external fixator to assist in pulling the soft tissue, open the soft tissue near the tibial plateau, and then insert a bone guide pin from the incision and pierce it into the tibial bone mass, and continue to insert the bone guide pin into the fracture end until the bone mass is temporarily fixed, so as to facilitate the subsequent fixation of screws and plates on the tibia.

[0004] This kind of operation requires a large incision in the human skin tissue, and it also needs to be sutured after the operation. This method is very likely to cause wound infection, skin necrosis, and increase the probability of vascular and nerve damage. In addition, some fracture sites are relatively deep, and there are complex blood vessels and nerves around, which are difficult to expose. Sometimes even if they can be seen, effective fixation cannot be carried out. After the operation, the injured need to be treated with anti-infection for a long time, and a large scar will remain on the human body surface after the wound is sutured, affecting the appearance. In the past, during the operation process, due to the need for additional incision exposure and postoperative suture, the operation time will be prolonged, the trauma suffered by the patient will be large, and when inserting a bone guide pin into the tibia, it is very difficult to accurately insert the bone guide pin in a directed manner. Not only can it not be fixed firmly and accurately measure the effective fixation length of the bone guide pin, but also other important tissues near the tibia will be damaged due to the too deep insertion depth of the bone guide pin, and the operation risk is very high. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to overcome the above defects, the utility model provides a guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery can perform precise operations during the bone connection process of tibial plateau fracture surgery, and there is no need to make a large incision in the skin tissue. In simple fractures, fixation operations can be carried out through minimally invasive incisions. In complex fracture surgeries, the effective fixation of the fracture end at the restricted exposure area is improved, the bone connection accuracy and bone connection efficiency are improved, and it can avoid the bone guide pin from stabbing other tissues near the tibia, reducing the operation risk, and facilitating the accurate measurement of the effective fixation length of the bone guide pin during the operation, effectively reducing the possibility of skin wound infection, tissue necrosis, and important vascular and nerve damage. Therefore, the trauma to the patient's body is very small.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model to solve its technical problems: A guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery, including a support rod, a tibial cushion block, an arc-shaped guiding sleeve, an arc-shaped slide rail, a slide rail positioning member, and at least two bone guide needle insertion tubes. The tibial cushion block is fixedly arranged at one end of the support rod. The tibial cushion block can be inserted into one side of the tibia to be operated on along with one end of the support rod. The arc-shaped guiding sleeve is fixedly installed on the support rod. One end of the arc-shaped slide rail can be slidably inserted into the arc-shaped guiding sleeve, and the centers of the arc-shaped guiding sleeve and the arc-shaped slide rail are always located on the tibial cushion block. The arc-shaped guiding sleeve and the arc-shaped slide rail can be sleeved on the outer side of the patient's leg. At least two bone guide needle insertion tubes are respectively and fixedly installed on the arc-shaped slide rail at intervals, and each bone guide needle insertion tube extends along the radial direction of the arc-shaped slide rail. A channel for inserting the bone guide needle is formed inside the bone guide needle insertion tube. The slide rail positioning member can fixedly position the arc-shaped slide rail and the arc-shaped guiding sleeve so that each bone guide needle insertion tube remains in the position where the bone guide needle is required to be inserted during the operation.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a handle for the operator to hold is fixedly arranged at the other end of the support rod.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the other end of the support rod forms a square tube-shaped structure. The arc-shaped guiding sleeve is fixedly inserted through the inner side of the other end of the support rod. The handle includes a holding part and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly inserted into the inner side of the other end of the support rod, and the holding part is integrally formed at the other end of the connecting rod.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a reference rod is also fixedly arranged on the side wall of the support rod. The reference rod is located on the plane where the arc-shaped guiding sleeve is located or parallel to the plane where the arc-shaped guiding sleeve is located. The parallelism between the reference rod and the tibial plateau can make the plane where the arc-shaped guiding sleeve is located be in the radial plane of the tibia.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the reference rod forms an obtuse angle with one end of the support rod, and the reference rod can stop against the surface of the patient's tibia.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present utility model, one end of the support rod forms a flat and curved structure with gradually decreasing thickness and width dimensions.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the slide rail positioning member is a locking screw that is movably screwed on the side wall of the arc-shaped guiding sleeve, and the end of the locking screw can tightly abut against the outer side wall of the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the tibial cushion block is a disc structure, and the tip of the bone guide needle inserted through the bone guide needle insertion tube can stop against the surface of the tibial cushion block.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a convex structure is also provided on the tibial spacer, and the convex structure can clamp the soft tissue on the outer side of the tibia to realize the stop and positioning of the tibial spacer with respect to the tibia.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the cross-section of the arc-shaped guide sleeve is a non-circular structure, and the cross-section of the arc-shaped slide rail is a non-circular structure matching the cross-section of the arc-shaped guide sleeve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: When performing a tibial plateau fracture surgery on a patient, in cooperation with an X-ray fluoroscopy device, the tibial spacer is inserted into one side of the tibia through the support rod. The tibial spacer is supported and positioned by being clamped between the tibia and the soft tissue in the patient's leg. The position of the bone guide needle cannula is changed by sliding the arc-shaped slide rail, so that the bone guide needle inserted through the bone guide needle cannula passes through the tibial plateau fracture site and fixes the tibial bone block. When the bone guide needle fixes the tibial bone block, the bone guide needle is finally blocked by the tibial spacer and cannot be inserted further, avoiding the situation that the bone guide needle is inserted too deeply and damaging other tissues near the tibial plateau, and also facilitating the accurate measurement of the fixed length of the bone guide needle. When inserting the bone guide needle in the present utility model, since the position of the bone guide needle cannula has been fixed on the patient's leg in advance, the bone guide needle can be directly inserted through the patient's soft tissue, avoiding making multiple incisions or extending the incision on the patient's leg to increase exposure, reducing the probability of skin wound infection and tissue necrosis, improving the efficiency of the bone-connecting operation, and when the bone guide needle fixes the bone block, the positioning is accurate, it is not easy to deviate, and it will not damage other tissues, reducing the bone-connecting risk, improving the postoperative healing efficiency, and leaving a very small scar on the human body surface after the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a front view of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a tibial bone fracture state;

[0020] Figure 4 is a front view schematic diagram of the present utility model in use state;

[0021] Figure 5 is a top view schematic diagram of the present utility model in use state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Embodiment: A guiding device for tibial plateau 10 fracture surgery, including a support rod 1, a tibial cushion block 2, an arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3, an arc-shaped sliding rail 4, a sliding rail positioning member 5, and at least two bone guide needle 7 intubation tubes 6. The tibial cushion block 2 is fixedly arranged at one end of the support rod 1. The tibial cushion block 2 can be inserted into one side of the tibia to be operated on along with one end of the support rod 1. The arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 is fixedly installed on the support rod 1. One end of the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 can be slidably inserted into the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3, and the centers of the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 and the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 are always located on the tibial cushion block 2. The arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 and the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 can be sleeved on the outer side of the patient's leg. At least two bone guide needle 7 intubation tubes 6 are respectively and fixedly installed on the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 at intervals, and each bone guide needle 7 intubation tube 6 extends along the radial direction of the arc-shaped sliding rail 4. A channel for inserting the bone guide needle 7 is formed inside the bone guide needle 7 intubation tube 6. The sliding rail positioning member 5 can fixedly position the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 and the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 so that each bone guide needle 7 intubation tube 6 remains at the position where the bone guide needle 7 is required to be inserted during the operation.

[0023] Before performing tibial plateau 10 fracture surgery, first take a CT scan of the patient's tibial fracture site, and determine the position of the leg incision of the patient and the insertion position of the tibial cushion block 2 according to the CT image, or under the condition of assisting X-ray fluoroscopy during the operation, insert one end of the support rod 1 and the tibial cushion block 2 thereon into one side of the tibia near the tibial plateau 10 through the incision on the patient's leg. The tibial cushion block 2 is flatly supported on the tibial side wall. The specific position where the tibial cushion block 2 is flatly attached to the tibial side wall is determined according to the fracture site. Then, slide the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 so that the axes of each bone guide needle 7 intubation tube 6 thereon pass through the crack site. After fixedly positioning the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 through the sliding rail positioning member 5, insert the bone guide needle 7 into the bone guide needle 7 intubation tube 6, nail the bone block to the tibia, and temporarily fix the bone block so as to facilitate screwing for bone connection. When the bone guide needle 7 is inserted, since the position of the bone guide needle 7 intubation tube 6 has been adjusted in advance, the stable fixation of the bone guide needle 7 to the bone block is ensured, and the situation of the bone guide needle 7 being inserted obliquely is avoided. During the insertion process of the bone guide needle 7, the tip of the bone guide needle 7 is blocked by the tibial cushion block 2 and will not penetrate the tibia and injure other tissues. When using the above device for guiding the insertion of the bone guide needle 7 during tibial fracture surgery, the insertion position of the bone guide needle 7 is ensured to be accurate, the bone block positioning is ensured to be firm and stable, and since other tissues will not be injured, the damage to other tissues during tibial plateau 10 fracture surgery is reduced, and the surgical trauma and surgical risk are reduced to a certain extent. Moreover, when using the above device, there is no need to make multiple incisions on the patient's leg during the insertion process of the bone guide needle 7. The wound on the patient's leg is very small, which is not likely to cause postoperative infection, and the scar on the skin after the operation is also very small, with good aesthetics.

[0024] A handle 8 for the operator to hold is fixedly arranged at the other end of the support rod 1. By firmly holding the support rod 1 through the handle 8, it is convenient to operate and keep the tibial cushion block 2 closely attached to the tibial side wall.

[0025] The other end of the support rod 1 forms a square tube structure, and the arc-shaped guide sleeve 3 is fixedly passed through the inner side of the other end of the support rod 1. The handle 8 includes a gripping portion and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly inserted into the inner side of the other end of the support rod 1, and the gripping portion is integrally formed at the other end of the connecting rod.

[0026] A reference rod 9 is also fixed on the side wall of the support rod 1. The reference rod 9 is located on the plane where the arc guide sleeve 3 is located or is parallel to the plane where the arc guide sleeve 3 is located. The reference rod 9 is parallel to the tibial plateau 10 so that the plane where the arc guide sleeve 3 is located is located on the radial plane of the tibia. After one end of the support rod 1 is inserted between the patient's soft tissue and the tibia, it can be observed whether the reference rod 9 is parallel to the tibial plateau 10, and it can be judged whether the tibial pad 2 is flat against the side wall of the tibia and whether the arc slide 4 is on the radial plane of the tibia, so as to prevent the arc slide 4 from being non-perpendicular to the tibia, causing the bone guide pin 7 to be pierced off-center.

[0027] The reference rod 9 forms an obtuse angle with one end of the support rod 1, and the reference rod 9 can stop on the surface of the patient's tibia 11. The reference rod 9 and one end of the support rod 1 form an obtuse angle ... with one end of the support rod 1. The reference rod 9 and the other end of the support rod 1 form an obtuse angle with one end of the support rod 1. The reference rod 9 and the other end of the support rod 1 form an obtuse angle with one end of the support rod 1. The reference rod 9 can be tilted against the surface of the tibia 11 to facilitate observation of whether it is parallel to the tibial plateau 10.

[0028] One end of the support rod 1 forms a flat curved structure with gradually decreasing thickness and width, which prevents one end of the support rod 1 from damaging other tissues during insertion, and the small size of one end of the support rod 1 can reduce the size of the soft tissue incision.

[0029] The slide rail positioning member 5 is a locking screw movably screwed on the side wall of the arc-shaped guide sleeve 3, and the end of the locking screw can be tightly against the outer wall of the arc-shaped slide rail 4. The arc-shaped slide rail 4 is locked in position or loosened and adjusted by turning the locking screw. The structure is simple, and a handle can be set on the head of the locking screw for easy adjustment. In addition to the locking screw, other devices can also be used, such as installing an elastic button on the arc-shaped guide sleeve 3, pressing the elastic button so that the elastic button is tightly against the arc-shaped slide rail 4 to achieve fixed positioning, and pressing the elastic button again, the elastic button pops up to loosen the arc-shaped slide rail 4. Such equivalent replacement structures are easily thought of by those skilled in the art based on this patent and belong to the protection scope of this patent.

[0030] The tibial pad 2 is a disc structure, and the tip of the bone guide needle 7 inserted through the bone guide needle 7 can be stopped on the surface of the tibial pad 2. When the tibial pad 2 with a disc structure is inserted between the tibia and the soft tissue, the circular surface contacts the soft tissue and the tibia, making it easy to insert and not easy to damage the soft tissue and the tibial surface. In addition, the tibial pad 2 can also be other shapes as long as it can support and position and prevent the bone guide needle 7 from piercing other tissues.

[0031] The tibial spacer 2 is further provided with a convex structure 12, and the convex structure 12 can catch the soft tissue on the outer side of the tibia to realize the stop and positioning of the tibial spacer 2 relative to the tibia. After the tibial spacer 2 is inserted between the tibia and the soft tissue, the convex structure 12 catches the soft tissue on the outer side of the tibia, thus playing a role in stopping and positioning the tibial spacer 2 and ensuring that the guiding device does not move during the insertion of the bone guide pin 7. The convex structure 12 can be a toothed structure to increase the clamping and positioning ability with the soft tissue.

[0032] The cross-section of the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 is a non-circular structure, and the cross-section of the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 is a non-circular structure matching the cross-section of the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3. The cross-section of the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 is preferably a square structure, and the corresponding cross-section of the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 is also a square structure. In this way, the arc-shaped sliding rail 4 will not rotate during sliding, ensuring that the bone guide pin 7 and the cannula 6 are always in the plane where the arc-shaped guiding sleeve 3 is located, further ensuring the accurate insertion position of the bone guide pin 7 and ensuring that the tip of the bone guide pin 7 is finally blocked by the tibial spacer 2.

Claims

1. A guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support rod (1), a tibial pad (2), an arcuate guide sleeve (3), an arcuate slide rail (4), a slide rail positioning member (5) and at least two bone guide needle cannulas (6), wherein the tibial pad is fixedly arranged on one end of the support rod, and the tibial pad can be inserted into a side of the tibia to be operated on along with the one end of the support rod, the arcuate guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the support rod, and one end of the arcuate slide rail can be slidably inserted into the arcuate guide sleeve, and the centers of the arcuate guide sleeve and the arcuate slide rail are always located on the tibial pad, the arcuate guide sleeve and the arcuate slide rail can be sleeved on the outside of the patient's leg, at least two bone guide needle cannulas are fixedly installed on the arcuate slide rail at intervals, and each bone guide needle cannulas extends radially along the arcuate slide rail, a channel for inserting a bone guide needle (7) is formed on the inner side of the bone guide needle cannulas, and the slide rail positioning member can fix and position the arcuate slide rail and the arcuate guide sleeve so that each bone guide needle cannulas remains at the position required for bone guide needle insertion during surgery.

2. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (8) for an operator to hold is fixedly provided on the other end of the support rod.

3. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the support rod forms a square tube structure, and the arc-shaped guide sleeve is fixed through the inner side of the other end of the support rod. The handle includes a gripping portion and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly inserted into the inner side of the other end of the support rod, and the gripping portion is integrally formed at the other end of the connecting rod.

4. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reference rod (9) is also fixedly provided on the side wall of the support rod. The reference rod is located on the plane where the arc guide sleeve is located or is parallel to the plane where the arc guide sleeve is located. The reference rod is parallel to the tibial platform (10) so that the plane where the arc guide sleeve is located is located on the radial plane of the tibia.

5. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reference rod forms an obtuse angle with one end of the support rod, and the reference rod can be stopped on the surface of the patient's tibia (11).

6. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the support rod forms a flat curved structure with gradually decreasing thickness and width.

7. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail positioning member is a locking screw movably threaded on the side wall of the arc-shaped guide sleeve, and the end of the locking screw can be tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the arc-shaped slide rail.

8. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tibial pad is a disc structure, and the tip of the bone guide needle inserted through the bone guide needle cannula can be stopped on the surface of the tibial pad.

9. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The tibial pad is also provided with a protruding structure (12), which can clamp the soft tissue on the outer side of the tibia to achieve the stop positioning of the tibial pad and the tibia.

10. The guiding device for tibial plateau fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the arc-shaped guide sleeve is a non-circular structure, and the cross section of the arc-shaped slide rail is a non-circular structure matching the cross section of the arc-shaped guide sleeve.

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