Energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, relates to energy storage equipment, solves the problem that the existing energy storage equipment has potential safety hazards, and comprises an energy storage box body, a temperature control system and a battery pack assembly, the battery pack assembly comprises a battery pack supporting frame and a high-capacity battery assembly; the high-capacity battery assembly comprises a high-capacity battery and a bracket assembly; the high-capacity battery comprises a shell and single batteries arranged in the shell along the same direction; the shell is provided with an inner cavity and a shared cavity communicated with inner cavities of all the single batteries; an avoiding hole is formed in the shell top plate, each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoiding hole, and a shell top plate area corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixedly sealed with a single battery shell; the high-capacity battery assembly is fixed on the battery pack supporting frame through the bracket assembly, and the battery pack assembly is arranged in the energy storage box body through the battery pack supporting frame; a heat exchange unit of the temperature control system exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery, a heat transfer medium is conveyed by a heat conveying unit, and the heat transfer medium is heated or cooled by a heat treatment unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to an energy storage device. Background Technique

[0002] With the development of new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed accordingly. Due to the advantages of high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power tolerance, and low self-discharge rate of lithium batteries, they have gradually become the mainstream products for energy storage.

[0003] With the large-scale application of lithium battery energy storage devices, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. Since the single cells in the energy storage device are highly concentrated, a large amount of heat will be generated during the charging and discharging processes, and this heat will gradually accumulate, resulting in uneven battery temperatures. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery is destroyed, which in turn triggers thermal runaway of the battery, posing certain potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy storage device to solve the problem of potential safety hazards in the batteries of existing energy storage devices.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is to provide an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage box body, a temperature control system, and at least one battery pack assembly;

[0006] The above-mentioned energy storage box body includes an equipment compartment and a battery compartment, and a support frame is arranged in the battery compartment;

[0007] The above-mentioned battery pack assembly includes a battery pack support frame and n large-capacity battery components fixed on the battery pack support frame; where n is an integer greater than 1; each large-capacity battery component includes a large-capacity battery and a bracket assembly, the large-capacity battery includes a housing and m single cells arranged in the same direction inside the housing, where m is an integer greater than 1; the housing is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all single cells; avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the area of the top plate of the housing corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single cell housing; among them, each large-capacity battery component is fixed on the battery pack support frame through the bracket assembly, and the battery pack assembly is placed on the support frame in the battery compartment through the battery pack support frame;

[0008] The above-mentioned temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit, and a heat treatment unit; the above-mentioned heat exchange unit is in contact with each large-capacity battery to achieve heat exchange; the above-mentioned heat transfer unit realizes the transportation of the heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat treatment unit; the above-mentioned heat treatment unit heats up or cools down the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transfer unit.

[0009] The energy storage device of the present utility model includes a plurality of high-capacity batteries. Each high-capacity battery is composed of a plurality of single cells and a housing with a shared chamber. The plurality of single cells are placed inside the housing, and the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of the single cells located inside the housing, reducing the differences between the single cells, improving the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the high-capacity battery to a certain extent. At the same time, the energy storage device has a temperature control system. Part of the structure of the temperature control system is in direct contact with the high-capacity battery to control the temperature of the high-capacity battery during operation, avoiding potential safety hazards of the high-capacity battery and improving the safety of use of the energy storage device.

[0010] Further, the above-mentioned shared chamber is an electrolyte shared chamber, and the electrolyte shared chamber communicates with the electrolyte areas of the single cells; by using the electrolyte shared chamber to communicate with the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of the single cells located inside the housing, the differences between the single cells are reduced, the consistency between the single cells is improved to a certain extent, and thus the cycle life of the high-capacity battery is improved to a certain extent.

[0011] Further, the above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas shared chamber, and the gas shared chamber communicates with the gas areas of the single cells. By using the gas shared chamber to communicate with the gas areas of the inner cavities of the single cells located inside the housing, gas balance is achieved, the differences between the single cells are reduced, the consistency between the single cells is improved to a certain extent, and thus the cycle life of the high-capacity battery is improved to a certain extent.

[0012] Further, the above-mentioned shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber communicates with the electrolyte areas of the single cells, and the gas shared chamber communicates with the gas areas of the single cells. By using the electrolyte shared chamber to communicate with the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of the single cells located inside the housing and using the gas shared chamber to communicate with the gas areas of the inner cavities of the single cells located inside the housing, gas balance is achieved, the differences between the single cells are reduced, the consistency between the single cells is improved to a certain extent, and thus the cycle life of the high-capacity battery is improved to a certain extent.

[0013] Further, the above-mentioned shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber communicates with the electrolyte areas of the single cells, and the gas shared chamber is a gas passage located between the top plate of the housing and the single cells. The gas passage covers the explosion relief parts of the single cells. When the explosion relief part of any single cell is broken through by the hot runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas area of the single cell communicates with the gas passage, and the hot runaway flue gas in the inner cavity of the single cell is discharged through the gas passage, improving the safety of the high-capacity battery.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer shell includes a cylindrical component with open ends at both ends and end plate components covering the two open ends of the cylindrical component; the electrolyte sharing chamber is located at the bottom of the cylindrical component and is a liquid channel extending in the x direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the cylindrical component includes a cylinder and two bosses provided on the inner bottom surface of the cylinder, which extend in the x direction and are arranged in the y direction with the same length as the cylinder. The top surfaces of the bosses are the supporting surfaces for each single battery. In the y direction, a liquid channel is formed between the two bosses as the electrolyte sharing chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, the above-mentioned bracket component includes a supporting member and two L-shaped brackets; the supporting member is placed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery to support the large-capacity battery; the L-shaped brackets include a first bracket and a second bracket. The first bracket is parallel to the yz plane, and the second bracket is parallel to the xy plane. The first brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively fixed at both ends of the supporting member, and the second brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively fixed to the opposite side beams of the battery pack support frame.

[0017] Furthermore, channels are opened in the bosses along the x direction; the supporting member includes two supporting ribs, and the two supporting ribs are respectively inserted into the two channels to support the large-capacity battery.

[0018] Furthermore, the end plate component includes a first end plate and a second end plate; a first through hole is opened on the first end plate; the first end plate is used to cooperate with the explosion venting mechanism fixed at the first through hole to seal the open ends of the gas sharing chamber, the electrolyte sharing chamber, and the cylinder of the large-capacity battery; the second end plate is parallel to the first end plate and there is a gap between the two, and this gap serves as a gas channel; the gas channel extends in the z direction. The inlet end of the gas channel is used to communicate with the gas sharing chamber, and the outlet end of the gas channel communicates with the first through hole; in the z direction, the inlet end of the gas channel is higher than the outlet end of the gas channel. Setting the fixing area of the explosion venting mechanism as the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber with a larger area or the end plate area between the open end of the gas sharing chamber and the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber makes the explosion venting mechanism easier to install compared to fixing the explosion venting mechanism in the end plate area opposite to the gas sharing chamber.

[0019] When the end plate component is sealed and fixed to the open end of the cylindrical component, the first through hole is sealed by the explosion venting mechanism; the inlet of the gas channel communicates with the gas sharing chamber, and the outlet of the gas channel communicates with the explosion venting mechanism through the first through hole; and directly using the gap between the first end plate and the second end plate as the gas channel makes the gas channel have a larger flow area and the large-capacity battery has higher safety performance.

[0020] Furthermore, the end plate assembly further includes a third end plate closely attached to the inner surface of the second end plate. By adding the third end plate, on the one hand, by adjusting the size of the third end plate along the x-direction (the direction of monomer battery arrangement, which is also the length direction of the outer shell and the cylinder), all monomer batteries can be clamped in the x-direction, improving the stability of each monomer battery in the inner cavity of the outer shell, and preventing the problem of reduced cycle performance of the large-capacity battery caused by the bulging of each monomer battery. On the other hand, the third end plate can be used to further reduce the impact of thermal runaway flue gas in the gas channel on the outermost monomer battery.

[0021] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery further includes 2m sealing connectors; the outer shell area around each avoidance hole and the monomer battery housing are fixedly sealed by a sealing connector; the sealing connector includes a hollow member sleeved outside the polar terminal of the monomer battery, and the orthographic projection of the open bottom end of the hollow member on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery; the bottom of the hollow member and the outer peripheral area of the weak area are welded and sealed, and the top of the hollow member and the outer shell top plate area around the avoidance hole are welded and sealed.

[0022] During use, the hollow member is sleeved outside the polar terminal of the monomer battery, the bottom and the outer peripheral area of the weak area are welded and sealed, and the top of the hollow member and the outer shell top plate area around the avoidance hole are welded and sealed. Whether there is a gap between the outer shell and the upper cover plate of each monomer battery, or the gap size is different, the hollow member can seal and fix the outer shell and the upper cover plate of the monomer battery, thus ensuring the sealing of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery. At the same time, by optimizing the size and shape of the open bottom end of the sealing connector, the orthographic projection of the open bottom end of the hollow member on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery. Furthermore, it is ensured that when welding the bottom of the hollow member and the area around the polar terminal of the upper cover plate of the monomer battery, the weak area around the polar terminal of the upper cover plate of the monomer battery can be avoided, and a series of problems such as the scrapping of the monomer battery and the dispersion of thermal runaway flue gas caused by damage to the weak area during the welding process can be avoided.

[0023] Furthermore, the sealing connector further includes a bottom plate fixed to the open bottom end of the hollow member; through holes are provided on the bottom plate; the orthographic projection of the through holes on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery; the bottom plate is used for welding and sealing with the outer peripheral area of the weak area. Based on the bottom plate, the welding of the upper cover plate and the sealing connector can be reliably achieved, and at the same time, the orthographic projection of the through holes on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the monomer battery. In this way, when welding the bottom plate and the upper cover plate of the monomer battery, the welding part must be located outside the weak area.

[0024] Further, the polar terminal includes a pole post adapter fixed to the pole post of the single cell; the pole post adapter includes a block-shaped pole post adapter body and an electrical connection post fixed to the pole post adapter body and protruding from the pole post adapter body; a first hole corresponding to the electrical connection post is formed in the pole post adapter body, and each electrical connection post is connected to the pole post of the single cell through each first hole. By using the pole post adapter, the preparation process of related large-capacity batteries can be simplified. In the preparation process of related large-capacity batteries, there is no need to use a support member to lift the single cell so that its pole post extends out of the avoidance hole. It is only necessary to extend the electrical connection post of the pole post adapter into the avoidance hole and connect it to the pole posts of each single cell inside the housing.

[0025] Further, in order to improve the connection strength between the pole post adapter and the pole post, the bottom of the blind hole is connected to the pole post of the single cell by welding; in order to eliminate the welding stress, a third through hole penetrating the blind hole is formed at the bottom of the blind hole, and the diameter of the third through hole is smaller than the diameter of the blind hole.

[0026] Further, the heat exchange unit includes at least one heat transfer tube. A clamping portion is provided at the part where the polar terminal of each single cell extends out of the avoidance hole. Each heat transfer tube is fixedly connected to the clamping portion of the polar terminal of each single cell one by one, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single cell polar terminal; the clamping portion is a through groove or a through hole formed at the part where the polar terminal of each single cell extends out of the avoidance hole. The heat transfer tube is in direct contact with each single cell polar terminal, and the heat is timely conducted out. This heat dissipation method realizes the balanced heat dissipation of each single cell in the large-capacity battery and improves the use safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0027] Further, the heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve. This insulation method is not only easy to implement, but also can maintain reliable insulation performance when the heat transfer tube exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery, improving the safety of the heat transfer tube and the large-capacity battery during use.

[0028] Further, all the single cell polar terminals on one side are used as the first polar terminal of the large-capacity battery, and all the single cell polar terminals on the other side are used as the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery; for the convenience of installation, the heat transfer tube adopts a spliced pipeline, including a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; the first tube is fixed to the clamping portion of the first polar terminal of the large-capacity battery; the second tube is fixed to the clamping portion of the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery; both ends of the connecting tube are connected to the ports on the same side of the first tube and the second tube respectively.

[0029] Furthermore, the first tube and the second tube are metal tubes, and at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve is provided on the metal tube. The connecting tube is an insulating hose, which can further reduce the installation difficulty of the heat transfer tube, and at the same time ensure the insulation between the first polar terminal and the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0030] Furthermore, the port of the first tube is the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the first polar terminal is the positive polar terminal. The port of the second tube is the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the second polar terminal is the negative polar terminal. When the large-capacity battery is working, the temperature of the positive polar terminal is higher than that of the negative polar terminal. At this time, the port of the first tube is used as the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the port of the second tube is used as the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube. The first tube of the heat transfer tube is connected to the positive polar terminal of the large-capacity battery, and the second tube is connected to the negative polar terminal of the large-capacity battery. The heat transfer medium in the heat transfer tube first exchanges heat with the relatively high-temperature positive polar terminal, and then exchanges heat with the negative polar terminal, so that the temperatures of the positive polar terminal and the negative polar terminal are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery during operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the clamping part is a through groove, and a pressing plate is further provided on the top of the heat transfer tube. The pressing plate includes a pressing part and a fixing part; the pressing part has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove of the polar terminal to press the heat transfer tube in the through groove; the fixing part is arranged on both sides of the pressing part and is connected to the polar terminals of each single battery, and is used to realize the parallel connection of multiple single batteries. At the same time, it is used to fix the pressing part on the polar terminal. An insulating pad is also provided between the pressing plate and the heat transfer tube.

[0032] Furthermore, an insulating and sealing adhesive layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery. The insulating and sealing adhesive layer includes a first sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer and a second sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer. The first sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer is an insulating and sealing adhesive layer with a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas, and is arranged in the gap between the polar terminal of the single battery and the avoidance hole; the temperature resistance of the second sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer is lower than that of the first sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer. The second sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer is laid on the top plate of the housing and covers the heat transfer tube and the pressing plate. The first sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer is in direct contact with the single battery pole column, which can play a role in protecting and fixing the single battery pole column. Under the protection and fixation of the first sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer, when thermal runaway occurs, the single battery pole column is not easily detached or cracked with the upper cover of the single battery. Therefore, it can prevent the thermal runaway flue gas from leaking from the gap between the polar terminal of the single battery and the avoidance hole; in addition, the first sub-insulating and sealing adhesive layer can also play a role in sealing the gap between the polar terminal of the single battery and the avoidance hole, further improving the sealing performance of the avoidance hole part of the housing.

[0033] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery further includes an insulating protective cover, which includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery to prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing the outer shell top plate; the insulating cover plate is snap-fitted and installed at the upper end of the insulating frame; a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate to form a slit, through which the large-capacity battery is electrically connected to an external device. Using the insulating frame of the insulating protective cover as a casting mold, there is no need to demold after casting, and at the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating frame and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved. At the same time, the insulating protective cover provides insulating protection for the pole adapter, avoiding potential safety hazards that may occur when the pole adapter is exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also avoiding the problem of short circuit of the large-capacity battery caused by some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the pole adapter, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0034] Furthermore, a plurality of battery pack assemblies are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction to form a battery cluster; the heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used to transport the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used to converge the heat transfer medium heat-exchanged with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; the number of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly corresponds to the number of battery clusters one by one; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used to divide the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly into the heat exchange units corresponding to a plurality of large-capacity batteries; the liquid return pipeline assembly is used to converge the heat transfer medium heat-exchanged by the heat exchange units of a plurality of large-capacity batteries to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

[0035] Furthermore, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid inlet pipe, a plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes, and a plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes; the liquid inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; a plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes are all connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes divide the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe into each battery pack assembly in the battery cluster; a plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes are all connected to the secondary liquid inlet pipes, and the plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes divide the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipes into each large-capacity battery in each battery pack assembly; the liquid return pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid outlet pipe, a secondary liquid outlet pipe, and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe; a plurality of tertiary liquid outlet pipes are all connected to the secondary liquid outlet pipe, and are used to converge the heat transfer medium heat-exchanged with each large-capacity battery in the battery pack assembly to the secondary liquid outlet pipe, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe to converge the heat transfer medium heat-exchanged with a plurality of battery pack assemblies to the primary liquid outlet pipe, and the primary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

[0036] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly is gradually divided and evenly distributed to each battery module, and the flow rate of the heat transfer medium distributed to each battery module is balanced, so that each battery module in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of each battery module.

[0037] Further, there are multiple battery clusters arranged in a matrix; the liquid supply pipeline assembly includes a first-stage shunt pipe, a second-stage shunt pipe and a third-stage shunt pipe; the inlet of the first-stage shunt pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit; the second-stage shunt pipe is used to divide the heat transfer medium in the first-stage shunt pipe into different columns or rows of battery clusters, and the third-stage shunt pipe is used to divide the heat transfer medium in the second-stage shunt pipe into multiple battery clusters in the same column or row; the liquid outlet pipeline assembly includes a first-stage confluence pipe, a second-stage confluence pipe and a third-stage confluence pipe; the third-stage confluence pipe is used to converge the heat transfer media of multiple battery clusters in the same column or row into the second-stage confluence pipe; the second-stage shunt pipe is used to converge the heat transfer media of battery clusters in different columns or rows into the first-stage confluence pipe; the outlet of the first-stage confluence pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit.

[0038] The liquid supply pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit is gradually divided and evenly distributed to each battery cluster, and the flow rate of the heat transfer medium distributed to each battery cluster is balanced, so that each battery cluster and each battery module in the battery cluster have a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device.

[0039] Further, at least part of the pipelines of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly are provided with heat insulation layers. At the same time, the second-stage liquid inlet pipe and the second-stage liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multi-section pipelines. The heat insulation layer can not only effectively prevent the cold or heat loss of the heat transfer medium, reduce energy consumption, but also avoid the condensation phenomenon on the pipe walls of each pipeline. At the same time, the second-stage liquid inlet pipe and the second-stage liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multi-section pipelines. This kind of spliced pipeline reduces the connection error and assembly difficulty of the second-stage liquid inlet pipe and the second-stage liquid outlet pipe. At the same time, during subsequent maintenance of this kind of spliced pipeline, only the pipeline connection heads of the relevant battery modules need to be removed for maintenance, and there is no need to remove the entire temperature control pipeline assembly, and the installation and maintenance are very convenient.

[0040] Further, a water replenishment joint is provided on the first-stage shunt pipe for replenishing the heat transfer medium to the temperature control system, and an exhaust valve is provided on the first-stage confluence pipe. The exhaust valve is used to discharge the air in the temperature control system. The water replenishment joint and the exhaust valve cooperate to enable the temperature control system to efficiently control the temperature of each battery module, improving the temperature control effect of the temperature control system.

[0041] To further improve the convenience of on-site installation, the above-mentioned secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe by means of quick connectors and hoses. At the same time, in the same row of battery clusters, two adjacent battery clusters share a primary liquid outlet pipe.

[0042] Further, the support frame includes three parallel mounting brackets; each mounting bracket includes a plurality of first support beams and a plurality of second support beams; each of the first support beams extends in the z direction, and the plurality of first support beams are arranged in the y direction; each of the second support beams extends in the y direction, and the plurality of second support beams are arranged in the z direction and fixed to the first support beams; between two second support beams of two mounting brackets located in the same xy plane, at least two battery pack component mounting positions are formed and arranged in the y direction; one battery pack component is fixed in each battery pack component mounting position; the battery pack components located on both sides of the middle mounting bracket are electrically connected through a first electric connection plate.

[0043] Further, the battery pack support frame is a rectangular frame. At the bottoms of the two opposite second side beams of the battery pack support frame, rollers are provided. The rollers are placed on the second support beams and are transported into the battery pack component mounting position by a sliding installation method, and positioning is achieved through a limiting device provided on the mounting bracket.

[0044] Further, the above-mentioned battery pack support frame includes a U-shaped frame and a first beam fixedly connected to the open end of the U-shaped frame in a detachable connection manner;

[0045] wherein the first beam is an I-shaped steel, and the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are embedded in the outer space between the upper flange and the lower flange of the first beam. Embedding the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe directly into the space between the upper flange and the lower flange of the first beam does not require additional space occupation, enabling the battery pack component to have a high energy density.

[0046] Further, in the z direction, two adjacent battery pack components form a battery pack component unit; in each battery pack component unit, the battery pack support frames of the two battery pack components are plugged through a vertical support component, and the polarities of the two battery pack components on the same side are opposite. When using this battery pack component unit, the upper and lower battery pack components in the battery pack component unit can be electrically connected in a row on one side first, and then the whole can be installed into the energy storage box body, which can save the operation space on one side when the battery pack components are connected in series in the box body, and then the energy density of the energy storage device can be improved.

[0047] Further, the vertical support component includes a plurality of first docking pipes vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the upper-layer battery pack support frame and a plurality of second docking pipes vertically fixed to the top surface of the lower-layer battery pack support frame; the plurality of first docking pipes and the plurality of second docking pipes correspond one by one and are plugged into each other. Plugging the first docking pipes and the second docking pipes can also increase the connection strength and stability of the overall battery pack support frame.

[0048] Further, the above heat treatment unit includes a temperature control machine. The liquid inlet of the temperature control machine is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly. The temperature control machine is used to heat up or cool down the heat transfer medium.

[0049] Further, the above heat treatment unit further includes a radiator and a control valve; the control valve is used to control whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator. The liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator are both connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly and are used to dissipate heat from the heat transfer medium. By combining the temperature control machine and the radiator to control the temperature of the battery module, when the temperature is not extreme, the radiator is used to cool down the battery module using the ambient temperature. When the temperature is too high or too low in extreme cases, the temperature control machine is started to heat or cool, which can maximize the use of the ambient temperature and reduce the temperature control energy consumption.

[0050] Further, blocking joints are provided at the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the temperature control machine, and the blocking joints can block the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine. When the temperature control machine is being repaired, based on the blocking joints to prevent the outflow of the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine, there is no need to perform corresponding liquid discharge operations, improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance. Description of the Drawings

[0051] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device of the present utility model;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device of the present utility model;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery pack assembly in Embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery pack support frame in Embodiment 1;

[0055] Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery pack support frame in Embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0056] Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery pack support frame in Embodiment 1 Figure 2 ;

[0057] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third beam of the battery pack support frame in Embodiment 1;

[0058] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0059] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0060] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0061] Figure 11 Explosion schematic diagram of the outer shell of the high-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0062] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0063] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate assembly in Embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0064] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate assembly in Embodiment 1 Figure 2 ;

[0065] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate assembly in Embodiment 1 Figure 3 ;

[0066] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate assembly with an additional third end plate in Embodiment 1;

[0067] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing connector in Embodiment 1;

[0068] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing connector with a bottom plate in Embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0069] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing connector with a bottom plate in Embodiment 1 Figure 2 ;

[0070] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of another sealing connector;

[0071] Figure 21 Partial explosion schematic diagram of the high-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0072] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of sealing connector;

[0073] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pole adapter in Embodiment 1;

[0074] Figure 24 Cross-sectional view of the pole adapter in Embodiment 1;

[0075] Figure 25Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0076] Figure 26 Schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 1 (with a pressing plate);

[0077] Figure 27 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 1 (with a pressing plate);

[0078] Figure 28 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing plate in Example 1;

[0079] Figure 29 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery assembly in Example 1 (with an insulating protective cover);

[0080] Figure 30 Schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0081] Figure 31 Schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating frame in Example 1;

[0082] Figure 32 Schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0083] Figure 33 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket assembly in Example 1;

[0084] Figure 34 Explosion diagram of the bracket assembly in Example 1;

[0085] Figure 35 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the bracket assembly in Example 1;

[0086] Figure 36 Schematic diagram of the structure of another bracket assembly;

[0087] Figure 37 Schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of bracket assembly;

[0088] Figure 38 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery with the third type of bracket assembly;

[0089] Figure 39 Schematic diagram of the assembly process of the battery pack assembly in Example 1;

[0090] Figure 40 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the energy storage box in Example 2 Figure 1 ;

[0091] Figure 41 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the energy storage box in Example 2Figure 2 ;

[0092] Figure 42 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support frame in Embodiment 2;

[0093] Figure 43 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side mounting bracket in Embodiment 2;

[0094] Figure 44 It is a schematic structural diagram of the intermediate mounting bracket in Embodiment 2;

[0095] Figure 45 It is a schematic structural diagram of the semi-finished energy storage device in Embodiment 3;

[0096] Figure 46 It is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack component unit in Embodiment 3;

[0097] Figure 47 It is an exploded structural diagram of the battery pack component unit in Embodiment 3;

[0098] Figure 48 It is a schematic structural diagram of each battery cluster in the semi-finished energy storage device in Embodiment 3;

[0099] Figure 49 It is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature control system in Embodiment 4;

[0100] Figure 50 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the temperature control system in Embodiment 4 Figure 1 ;

[0101] Figure 51 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the temperature control system in Embodiment 4 Figure 2 ;

[0102] Figure 52 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat treatment unit in Embodiment 4 Figure 1 ;

[0103] Figure 53 It is an exploded structural diagram of the blocking joint in Embodiment 4;

[0104] Figure 54 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat treatment unit in Embodiment 4 Figure 2 ;

[0105] Figure 55 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of the heat transfer medium in Embodiment 4 Figure 1 ;

[0106] Figure 56 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of the heat transfer medium in Embodiment 4 Figure 2 ;

[0107] Figure 57Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of the energy storage device in Embodiment 5.

[0108] The reference signs in the figure are as follows:

[0109] 1. Energy storage box; 11. Equipment compartment; 12. Battery compartment; 13. Support frame; 131. Side mounting bracket; 132. Intermediate mounting bracket; 133. First support beam; 134. Second support beam; 135. Support rib plate; 2. Temperature control system; 21. Heat exchange unit; 22. Heat transfer unit; 231. Liquid inlet pipeline assembly; 2311. First-stage liquid inlet pipe; 2312. Second-stage liquid inlet pipe; 2313. Third-stage liquid inlet pipe; 232. Liquid return pipeline assembly; 2321. First-stage liquid outlet pipe; 2322. Second-stage liquid outlet pipe; 2323. Third-stage liquid outlet pipe; 236. Quick connector; 235. Hose; 233. Liquid supply pipeline assembly; 2331. First-stage shunt pipe; 2332. Second-stage shunt pipe; 2333. Third-stage shunt pipe; 234. Liquid outlet pipeline assembly; 2341. First-stage confluence pipe; 2342. Second-stage confluence pipe; 2343. Third-stage confluence pipe; 23. Heat treatment unit; 241. Temperature control machine; 2411. Liquid inlet; 2412. Liquid outlet; 44. Blocking joint; 441. Joint end pipe; 442. Control valve; 443. Welding chuck; 242. Radiator; 243. Control valve; 3. Battery pack assembly; 30. Large-capacity battery assembly; 31. Battery pack support frame; 311. U-shaped frame; 3111. Second beam; 3112. Third beam; 312. First beam; 313. Connecting column; 314. Roller; 330. Large-capacity battery; 331. Outer shell; 332. Single battery; 333. Electrolyte sharing chamber; 334. Gas sharing chamber; 336. Terminal; 337. Terminal adapter; 338. Avoidance hole; 339. Bracket assembly; 340. Outer shell bottom plate; 341. Outer shell top plate; 342. Heat transfer pipe; 343. Channel; 113. Cylinder assembly; 1131. Cylinder; 1132. Boss; 114. End plate assembly; 1141. First end plate; 1142. Second end plate; 1143. First support rib; 1144. Gas channel; 1145. First sub-end plate; 1146. Second sub-end plate; 1147. Third sub-end plate; 1148. First through hole; 1149. Second through hole; 1150. Third end plate; 1221. Terminal adapter main body; 1222. Electrical connection column; 1223. Electrical connection part; 1224. Horizontal plate; 1225. Vertical plate; 1226. First hole; 1227. Third through hole; 123. Through slot; 161. First pipe; 162. Second pipe; 163. Connecting pipe; 17. Insulating protective cover; 18. Sealing connector; 181. Hollow member; 1811. Bottom open end; 1812. Top open end; 182. Bottom plate; 1820. Through hole; 183. Second annular plate; 184. First annular plate; 19. Pressure plate; 191. Pressing part; 192. Fixing part; 1921. Screw hole; 1922. Notch; 101. Insulating frame body; 102. Insulating cover plate; 103. Slit; 104. Second insulating frame; 105. Insulating bottom plate; 106. Electrical connection column avoidance hole;107. Partition; 108. Accommodation cavity for pole adapter; 109. Glue injection groove; 110. Second chamber; 21. Support member; 2110. Support rib; 220. L-shaped bracket; 221. First bracket; 222. Second bracket; 224. Connecting rod; 226. Positioning hole; 223. L-shaped support rod; 212. Support plate; 5. Battery pack assembly unit; 6. Vertical support assembly; 61. First docking pipe; 62. Second docking pipe; 7. Electrical connection row; Detailed implementation manners

[0110] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more apparent and understandable, the following provides a detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0111] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present utility model. However, the present utility model may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0112] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top, bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0113] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present utility model discloses an energy storage device, including an energy storage box body 1, a temperature control system 2, and at least one battery pack assembly 3.

[0114] The energy storage box body 1 includes at least two functional compartments, which can be respectively defined as an equipment compartment 11 and a battery compartment 12 according to their functions. A support frame 13 is provided in the battery compartment 12; part of the devices of the temperature control system 2 are placed in the equipment compartment 11, and the battery pack assembly 3 is placed on the support frame 13 in the battery compartment 12.

[0115] The battery pack assembly 3 includes a battery pack support frame 31 and n large-capacity battery components 30 (the n large-capacity battery components 30 are electrically connected to each other); where n is an integer greater than 1; each large-capacity battery component 30 includes a large-capacity battery 330 and a bracket assembly 339 (see Figure 8 ); each large-capacity battery 330 includes a housing 331 and m single cells 332 arranged in the same direction within the housing 331, where m is an integer greater than 1; the housing 331 is provided with a shared chamber; the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all the single cells 332; avoidance holes 338 are opened on the top plate 341 of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell 332; the polarity terminals of each single cell 332 extend out of the avoidance holes 338, and the area of the top plate 341 of the housing corresponding to the avoidance holes 338 is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell 332 (see Figure 10 ); each large-capacity battery component 30 is fixed on the battery pack support frame 31 through the bracket assembly 339, and the battery pack assembly 3 is placed on the support frame 13 in the battery compartment 12 through the battery pack support frame 31.

[0116] It should be noted that the single cell polarity terminal described here can be a single cell pole. If, in order to avoid that the single cell pole cannot smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole as a polarity terminal or the height of extending out of the avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can also be connected to the single cell pole, and the overall structure of the cooperation between the single cell pole and the pole adapter is used as the single cell polarity terminal.

[0117] The temperature control system 2 includes a heat exchange unit 21, a heat transfer unit 22, and a heat treatment unit 23; the heat exchange unit 21 exchanges heat with each large-capacity battery component 30 in the battery pack assembly 3; the heat transfer unit 22 is used to transport the heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit 21 and the heat treatment unit 23; the heat treatment unit 23 is used to heat up or cool down the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transfer unit 22.

[0118] The following will detail the specific structures of the battery pack assembly 3, the energy storage box 1, the temperature control system 2, and the energy storage device in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0119] Embodiment 1

[0120] This embodiment is the battery pack assembly 3, and the specific structure can be seen in Figures 3 to 39 .

[0121] As Figure 3 shown, the battery pack assembly 3 of this embodiment includes a battery pack support frame 31 and 13 series-connected large-capacity battery components 30 fixed on the battery pack support frame 31. In some other embodiments, the number of large-capacity battery components 30 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0122] The structure of the battery pack support frame 31 is as Figures 4 to 7 shown. It can be seen from the figure that the battery pack support frame 31 of this embodiment is a rectangular frame. In order to facilitate fixing the large-capacity battery assembly 30 on the battery pack support frame 31, combined with Figure 5 it can be seen that the battery pack support frame 31 of this embodiment is designed as a split structure, including a U-shaped frame 311 and a first beam 312 fixed at the opening end of the U-shaped frame 311. The assembly of the large-capacity battery assembly 30 and the battery pack support frame 31 is realized through the opening end of the U-shaped frame 311.

[0123] The U-shaped frame 311 and the first beam 312 can be fixedly connected through two connecting columns 313.

[0124] For the convenience of description, the U-shaped frame 311 of this embodiment is split into three parts, which are respectively defined as a second beam 3111 and two third beams 3112 respectively fixed at both ends of the second beam 3111 (the two third beams 3112 are the opposite two side beams in the U-shaped frame 311); among them, the U-shaped frame 311 can be an integral part, that is, the second beam 3111 and the two third beams 3112 are an integral part; the U-shaped frame 311 can also be a split part, that is, the second beam 3111 and the two third beams 3112 are independent parts, and are assembled into the U-shaped frame 311 by welding or screwing later.

[0125] In order to improve the structural strength of the entire battery pack support frame 31, the first beam 312 and the second beam 3111 opposite to the first beam 312 of this embodiment adopt I-beams (see Figure 5 and Figure 6 ), and the upper flange of the I-beam is used as the fixing surface for the large-capacity battery assembly 30. The third beam 3112 adopts square steel. In addition, for the convenience of assembly, this embodiment also sets rollers 314 at the bottom of the third beam 3112, as Figure 7 shown.

[0126] The first beam 312 and the second beam 3111 can also select square steel. The support strength of the square steel is weak. In order to improve the support strength of the entire battery pack support frame 31, it is necessary to add support structure members in the middle of the frame. However, after adding the support structure members, the distance between the large-capacity battery assemblies 30 on both sides of the support structure members will be relatively large, and then the energy density of the entire battery pack assembly 3 will be small.

[0127] In this embodiment, the first beam 312 and the second beam 3111 are made of I-shaped steel, and the upper flange is used as the fixing surface for the large-capacity battery module 30. The upper flange is the maximum load-bearing surface of the I-shaped steel, so that the entire battery pack support frame 31 has good support strength and there is no need to add additional support structure members. Furthermore, the gaps between all the large-capacity battery modules 30 can be made equal (with a small gap), improving the energy density of the entire battery pack module 3.

[0128] In this embodiment, the outer space between the upper and lower flanges of the first beam 312 is used as the accommodation space for part of the heat transfer unit 22 (see Figure 1 and Figure 54 ).

[0129] For the structure of the large-capacity battery module 30 in this embodiment, see Figures 8 to 38 .

[0130] Combined with Figures 8 to 10 it can be seen that the large-capacity battery module 30 in this embodiment includes a large-capacity battery 330 and a bracket assembly 339.

[0131] Among them, the large-capacity battery 330 includes a housing 331 and single cells 332 arranged in the housing 331.

[0132] In this embodiment, the single cells 332 are square shell batteries, and the number is 13. In other embodiments, the number and type of the single cells 332 can be adjusted according to actual requirements. The inner cavity of each single cell 332 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0133] In this embodiment, on the bottom plate 340 of the housing, an electrolyte sharing chamber 333 is provided along the x direction, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 is communicated with the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of the single cells 332.

[0134] On the top plate 341 of the housing, a gas sharing chamber 334 is provided along the x direction, and the gas sharing chamber 334 covers the gas ports on the tops of the single cells 332.

[0135] It should be noted that the gas port here has the following two meanings:

[0136] 1) The gas port is a through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332 and penetrating the inner cavity of the single cell 332;

[0137] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 334 is communicated with the gas areas in the inner cavities of the individual battery cells 332 through the gas ports. Based on the gas sharing chamber 334, the gas areas of the individual battery cells 332 can be communicated to achieve gas balance, enabling the individual battery cells 332 to share gas to ensure the consistency of the individual battery cells 332, and improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 330 to a certain extent; when any one of the individual battery cells 332 undergoes thermal runaway, the flue gas in the inner cavity of the individual battery cell 332 enters the gas sharing chamber 334 and is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 334, enhancing the safety of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0138] 2) The gas port is a bursting port or an explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the individual battery cell 332, and a bursting film is provided at the bursting port or the explosion-proof port.

[0139] At this time, the gas sharing chamber 334 is used as a bursting channel. When the bursting film at the gas port of any one of the individual battery cells 332 is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the individual battery cell 332 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 334, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 334, enhancing the safety of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0140] In some other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 or the gas sharing chamber 334 may be provided, or a gas-liquid sharing chamber may be provided on the side wall of the outer shell 331 (parallel to the xz plane) along the x direction. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid sharing chamber is communicated with the electrolyte areas and the gas areas in the inner cavities of the individual battery cells 332.

[0141] As Figure 11 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the outer shell 331 of this embodiment. The outer shell 331 is disassembled into a cylindrical component 113 with open ends at both ends and an end plate component 114 covering the open ends of the cylindrical component 113. Among them, the structure of the cylindrical component 113 is as Figure 12 shown, including a cylinder 1131 and two convex platforms 1132 for forming the electrolyte sharing chamber 333; both ends of the cylinder 1131 are open ends; the two convex platforms 1132 are located on the inner bottom surface of the cylinder 1131, have the same length as the cylinder 1131, extend along the x direction and are arranged in the y direction. The top surface of the convex platform 1132 is the supporting surface of each individual battery cell 332. In the y direction, a liquid channel is formed between the two convex platforms 1132 as the electrolyte sharing chamber 333. The above-mentioned cylindrical component 113 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process.

[0142] In some other embodiments, the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 can also be directly formed on the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131 by protruding the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131 away from the top plate of the cylinder 1131; or a pipe section can be provided outside the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131, and the inner cavity of the pipe section is used as the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 (through holes need to be opened on the pipe wall and the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131).

[0143] In some other embodiments, the outer shell 331 includes a cylinder body with open upper and lower ends, and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate respectively covering the upper and lower open ends of the cylinder body; the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 is arranged on the lower cover plate, and the gas sharing chamber 334 is arranged on the upper cover plate; the lower cover plate and the cylinder body may also be an integral part.

[0144] As Figures 13 to 16 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the end plate assembly 114 of this embodiment, including a first end plate 1141 and a second end plate 1142 that are parallel to each other. A first support rib 1143 is arranged between the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142 to form a gas channel 1144. It can be seen from the figure that this embodiment includes two first support ribs 1143. The two first support ribs 1143 extend in the z direction and are arranged in the y direction. A gas channel 1144 is formed between the first end plate 1141, the second end plate 1142 and the two first support ribs 1143. In the z direction, the sizes of the two first support ribs 1143 are the same as the size of the second end plate 1142. The gas channel 1144 extends in the z direction. The upper end port is used as the intake end of the gas channel 1144, and the lower end port is used as the outlet end of the gas channel 1144. This outlet end communicates with a first through hole 1148 opened on the first end plate 1141.

[0145] In some other embodiments, one or more than two first support ribs 1143 may be arranged between the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142, as long as it is ensured that a structurally stable gap can be formed between the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142 as the gas channel 1144.

[0146] When one first support rib 1143 is adopted, the first support rib 1143 can extend in the z direction. In the y direction, it can be located in the middle of the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142. However, compared with this embodiment, its structural stability is weaker.

[0147] When more than two first support ribs 1143 are adopted, the first support ribs 1143 can extend in the z direction and are arranged at equal intervals in the y direction. Compared with this embodiment, it has higher structural strength, but the processing cost is higher.

[0148] In some other embodiments, the second end plate 1142 can be fixed to the first end plate 1141 by means of screws. It should be noted that in order to ensure the formation of the gas passage 1144 between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141, in the x direction, the length of the screw should be greater than the gap between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141 and less than the distance between the inner surface of the second end plate 1142 and the outer surface of the first end plate 1141 (the surface close to each single battery 332 is defined as the inner surface). The screw head passes through the second end plate 1142 and is connected to the first end plate 1141. In order for the end plate assembly 114 to better extrude each single battery 332 as a whole, in this embodiment, a gasket is provided between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141, and the screw head passes through the second end plate 1142, the gasket and the first end plate 1141 in sequence for connection, so as to prevent the gap between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141 from becoming smaller or even disappearing when extruding the single battery 332.

[0149] In this embodiment, the end plate assembly 114 is an integral part, that is, the first end plate 1141, the second end plate 1142 and the first support rib 1143 are integral parts, and can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process. Compared with the split parts, it has a stable structure and a lower processing cost.

[0150] In order to ensure that all the thermal runaway flue gas enters the gas passage 1144, in the y direction, it is preferably that the distance between the two first support ribs 1143 is greater than the size of the gas sharing chamber 334, that is, the size of the intake end of the gas passage 1144 is greater than the size of the outlet end of the gas sharing chamber 334; when any single battery 332 has a thermal runaway, the flue gas in the inner cavity of the single battery 332 enters the gas sharing chamber 334, and after spraying out from the gas sharing chamber 334, it can all enter the gas passage 1144 and push open the explosion venting mechanism fixed at the first through hole 1148 of the first end plate 1141 and be discharged.

[0151] As Figure 11 shown, in this embodiment, the end plate assembly 114 is fixed to at least one open end of the above-mentioned cylinder assembly 113, and the other open end can be sealed by another end plate assembly 114. The difference between this other end plate assembly 114 and the above-mentioned end plate assembly 114 is that the first through hole 1148 is not provided on the first end plate 1141.

[0152] For the convenience of description, according to different sealing objects, the first end plate 1141 in this embodiment is divided into three regions, and the three regions are respectively defined as the first sub-end plate 1145, the second sub-end plate 1146 and the third sub-end plate 1147, as Figure 14 shown.

[0153] Among them, the first sub-end plate 1145 is used to seal the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334 of the large-capacity battery 330. The shape of the first sub-end plate 1145 is adapted to the shape of the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334, and its area can be slightly larger than the area of the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334, and it is fixed to the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334 by means of fusion welding; the area can also be slightly smaller than the area of the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334, and it is fixed to the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334 by means of insert welding.

[0154] Among them, the second sub-end plate 1146 is used to seal the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 of the large-capacity battery 330. The shape of the second sub-end plate 1146 is adapted to the shape of the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333, and its area can be slightly larger than the area of the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333, and it is fixed to the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 by means of fusion welding; the area can also be slightly smaller than the area of the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333, and it is fixed to the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 by means of insert welding.

[0155] Among them, the third sub-end plate 1147 is used to seal the open end of the cylinder body 1131 of the large-capacity battery 330. The shape of the third sub-end plate 1147 is adapted to the shape of the open end of the cylinder body 1131, and its area can be slightly larger than the area of the open end of the cylinder body 1131, and it is fixed to the open end of the cylinder body 1131 by means of fusion welding; the area can also be slightly smaller than the area of the open end of the cylinder body 1131, and it is fixed to the open end of the cylinder body 1131 by means of insert welding.

[0156] It should be noted that the first sub-end plate 1145, the second sub-end plate 1146 and the third sub-end plate 1147 in this embodiment are integral parts. In some other embodiments, a split structure can be adopted. However, compared with the integral structure, firstly, its processing process is more complex. Secondly, since each sub-end plate needs to be connected to each other, each connection part is a weak part or an easy leakage point, which leads to a weak sealing performance of the entire outer shell 331.

[0157] A first through hole 1148 is opened in the area of the first end plate 1141 corresponding to the second sub-end plate 1146 or the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333. Figure 9 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a part of the first through hole 1148 is located on the second sub-end plate 1146, and the other part is located on the third sub-end plate 1147. The explosion relief mechanism is welded at the first through hole 1148 (see Figure 9 ).

[0158] Combined with Figure 15It can be seen that the shape of the second end plate 1142 in this embodiment is adapted to the shape of the third sub-end plate 1147. In the yz plane, the orthographic projection of the second end plate 1142 is located on the third sub-end plate 1147, and the projected area is less than or equal to that of the third sub-end plate 1147, avoiding the second end plate 1142 from blocking the first through hole 1148.

[0159] In some other embodiments, when the second end plate 1142 has a relatively large dimension in the z direction and is fixed to the third sub-end plate 1147, it may block the first through hole 1148, resulting in the inability of the gas passage 1144 or the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 to communicate with the explosion relief mechanism. To solve this problem, a through hole or notch communicating with the first through hole 1148 may be provided in the second end plate 1142 to ensure the communication between the first through hole 1148 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 or the gas passage 1144.

[0160] The end plate assembly 114 is fixed to the open end of the cylinder assembly 113, and while cooperating with the explosion relief mechanism to seal the open end of the cylinder 1131, it also seals the open ends of the gas sharing chamber 334 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 333. Through the gas passage 1144 on the end plate assembly 114, the gas sharing chamber 334 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 are communicated. When any single cell 332 undergoes thermal runaway and the flue gas in its inner cavity rushes out from the gas port, it will successively pass through the gas sharing chamber 334 and the gas passage 1144, and blow open the explosion relief mechanism and discharge from the explosion relief mechanism.

[0161] When the gas sharing chamber 334 serves as a pressure relief channel, the first through hole 1148 is located in the area of the first end plate 1141 opposite to the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 333. The first through hole 1148 also serves as an operation port for the unpacking device. The unpacking device extends into the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 through the first through hole 1148 to unpack each single cell 332, so that the electrolyte areas in the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 and the inner cavities of each single cell 332 are connected. (During specific unpacking, the unpacking device extends into the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 through the first through hole 1148, and the sealing film sealed at the opening of the lower cover plate of each single cell 332 can be opened. Specifically, the sealing film can adopt the sealing films disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U). In addition, the first through hole 1148 can also serve as a liquid injection port. After the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of each single cell 332 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 are connected, electrolyte can be injected again into the inner cavities of each single cell 332 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 through the first through hole 1148 to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte. After the liquid injection is completed, the pressure relief mechanism is sealed and welded to partial areas of the second sub-end plate 1146 and the third sub-end plate 1147 around the first through hole 1148. Compared with separately opening the first through hole 1148, the operation port of the unpacking device, or the liquid injection port on the end plate assembly 114, the overall structural strength of the end plate assembly 114 is relatively high, and the structure is simple, which is convenient for processing.

[0162] A second through hole 1149 can also be opened in the area of the first end plate 1141 corresponding to the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334. After injecting liquid through the second through hole 1149, the continuity of the electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 and the inner cavities of each single cell 332 can also be ensured. After the liquid injection is completed, the sealing sheet is sealed to partial areas of the first sub-end plate 1145 and the third sub-end plate 1147 around the second through hole 1149.

[0163] When the gas sharing chamber 334 serves as the gas sharing chamber 334, in this embodiment, a second through hole 1149 can also be opened in the area of the first end plate 1141 corresponding to the open end of the gas sharing chamber 334. From Figure 8It can be seen that in this embodiment, the second through hole 1149 is located on partial areas of the first sub-end plate 1145 and the third sub-end plate 1147, and the second through hole 1149 is used as the liquid injection port. The electrolyte can be injected into the gas sharing chamber 334 through the second through hole 1149 to dissolve the sealing film sealed at the opening parts on the tops of the individual battery cells 332 (the sealing films disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U can be adopted. During specific liquid injection, the entire large-capacity battery 330 can be inverted so that the sealing film is fully dissolved), enabling the gas sharing chamber 334 to communicate with the inner cavities of the individual battery cells 332; at the same time, after the large-capacity battery 330 is placed upright and liquid is injected through the second through hole 1149, the continuity of the electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 333 and the inner cavities of the individual battery cells 332 can also be ensured. After the liquid injection is completed, the sealing sheet is sealed on partial areas of the first sub-end plate 1145 and the third sub-end plate 1147 around the second through hole 1149.

[0164] As Figure 16 shown, in this embodiment, a third end plate 1150 can also be added. The third end plate 1150 is closely attached to the inner surface of the second end plate 1142 (the surface of the second end plate 1142 close to the individual battery cells 332 is defined as the inner surface). By adjusting the dimension of the third end plate 1150 in the x direction, all the individual battery cells 332 are clamped in the x direction, improving the stability of each individual battery cell 332 in the inner cavity of the outer shell 331, and the problem that each individual battery cell 332 bulges and causes the cyclic performance of the large-capacity battery 330 to decrease can also be prevented. In addition, the third end plate 1150 can be used to further avoid the influence of the thermal runaway flue gas on the outermost individual battery cell 332.

[0165] It should be noted that after adding the third end plate 1150, it is still necessary to ensure the connectivity of the gas sharing chamber 334, the gas channel 1144, the electrolyte sharing chamber 333, and the explosion venting mechanism. This can be achieved by reducing the dimension of the third end plate 1150 in the z direction so that it does not block the first through hole 1148, or by opening through holes or notches in the corresponding part of the third end plate 1150 and the first through hole 1148.

[0166] See Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 , in this embodiment, relief holes 338 through which the polar terminals of the individual battery cells 332 can extend are opened on the top plate of the cylinder 1131 (the outer shell top plate 341); the polar terminals of the individual battery cells 332 extend out of the corresponding relief holes 338, and the area of the outer shell 331 around the relief holes 338 is fixedly sealed with the housing of the individual battery cells 332. Correspondingly, if a cylinder with open upper and lower ends is adopted, relief holes 338 through which the polar terminals of the individual battery cells 332 can extend need to be opened on the upper cover plate.

[0167] In this embodiment, the sealing connector 18 is used to fixedly seal the area of the outer shell 331 around each avoidance hole 338 and the housing of the single cell 332.

[0168] In some other embodiments, when the sizes of the single cells 332 in the z direction are similar, the area of the top plate 341 of the outer shell around the avoidance hole 338 and the upper cover plate of the corresponding single cell 332 can be directly welded to seal the avoidance hole 338.

[0169] However, when there are large deviations in the sizes of the single cells 332 in the z direction, if it is necessary to ensure that the lower cover plates of the single cells 332 are on the same horizontal plane, there will be a problem that the upper cover plates of the single cells 332 are uneven in height, resulting in gaps between the upper cover plates of some individual single cells 332 and the top plate 341 of the outer shell, which may cause false welding or even inability to weld between the top plate 341 of the outer shell and the upper cover plate of the single cell 332 during welding; to solve this problem, it can be considered to use the sealing connector 18 to seal the avoidance hole 338.

[0170] Specifically, the sealing connector 18 may include a hollow member 181 (similar to a hollow tube), and the hollow member 181 is sleeved outside the polar terminal of the single cell 332; the bottom of the hollow member 181 is hermetically connected to the area around the polar terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell 332, and the top of the hollow member 181 is hermetically connected to the area of the top plate 341 of the outer shell around the avoidance hole 338. The riveting or welding method can be used to achieve the hermetic connection (preferably the welding method to ensure the sealing performance of the connection part). The area of the top plate 341 of the outer shell around the avoidance hole 338 is the outer surface area of the top plate 341 of the outer shell around the avoidance hole 338; or the hole wall of the avoidance hole 338.

[0171] However, in actual processing and application, the following problems are found:

[0172] 1. When the bottom of the hollow member 181 is hermetically connected to the area around the polar terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell 332 by welding, the upper cover plates of some single cells 332 are extremely likely to be damaged, resulting in the scrapping of the single cells 332;

[0173] 2. Due to the existence of other structures, it may be impossible to weld in the area around the polar terminal of the upper cover plate of some single cells 332;

[0174] 3. Even if there is no visible damage during the processing, in actual applications, when a thermal runaway occurs in an individual single cell 332 in the large-capacity battery 330 with the above-mentioned sealing connector 18, the thermal runaway flue gas will leak from the connection area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332. Therefore, if the above-mentioned multiple large-capacity batteries 330 are assembled into an energy storage device, after a thermal runaway occurs, the thermal runaway flue gas may leak and diffuse from the welding part around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332, posing a certain safety hazard. Based on this problem, the large-capacity battery 330 after the above-mentioned thermal runaway was disassembled, and it was found that cracks appeared in the connection area (the connection area with the bottom of the sealing connector 18) around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332 that had a thermal runaway. After analysis, the reason for this phenomenon is that there is a certain weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332. If the connection area falls into this weak area, the above-mentioned problem will occur. The reason is that the welding process has a certain damage to this weak area, which then causes this area to be unable to withstand the thermal runaway pressure. When a thermal runaway occurs, cracks are generated, resulting in the leakage of the thermal runaway flue gas from this area.

[0175] Based on this, in this embodiment, it is considered to optimize the structure of the sealing connector 18, mainly adjusting the size and shape of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181, so that the orthographic projection of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332 covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332; thereby ensuring that when welding the bottom of the hollow member 181 and the area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332, the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell 332 can be avoided, and the damage to the weak area during the welding process can be avoided.

[0176] It should be noted that:

[0177] 1. For single cells 332 produced by different manufacturers, the size, position, and shape of the corresponding weak areas are also different. Therefore, when processing the sealing connector 18, in this embodiment, it is first necessary to determine the size, position, and shape of the weak area of the single cell 332, and adjust the size and shape of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 according to the single cells 332 produced by different manufacturers.

[0178] 2. In this embodiment, the area that is easily damaged during welding, or the area where welding cannot be performed, or the area where the pressure-bearing performance is reduced due to welding, is all referred to as the weak area.

[0179] As Figure 17 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing connector 18 in this embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that the sealing connector 18 in this embodiment includes a hollow member 181, which can also be called a hollow pipe fitting.

[0180] Both ends of the hollow member 181 are open ends. For the convenience of description, one of the open ends is defined as the bottom open end 1811, and the other open end is defined as the top open end 1812.

[0181] The bottom of the hollow member 181 is used for sealing connection with the first region of the single battery 332. Herein, the first region mentioned is the peripheral region of the weak area of the upper cover plate of the single battery 332; in order to seal-connect the bottom of the hollow member 181 with the first region of the single battery 332, the orthographic projection (orthographic projection area) of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332. It should be noted that in this case, the orthographic projection (orthographic projection area) of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 necessarily covers the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332.

[0182] During welding, the hollow member 181 can be first positioned on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332, and the position of the hollow member 181 can be adjusted so that the orthographic projection of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332; then, the bottom of the hollow member 181 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 are welded. Since the two welded surfaces are perpendicular to each other, the reliability and tightness of the welded part may be relatively weak.

[0183] To solve this problem, as Figure 18 and Figure 19 shown, a bottom plate 182 can be fixed to the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181, and a through hole is opened on the bottom plate 182. The size of the through hole 1820 needs to ensure that the polar terminal of the single battery 332 can pass through, and the bottom plate 182 is welded to the peripheral area of the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332.

[0184] The size and shape of the through hole 1820 can be determined according to the size and shape of the weak area of the single battery 332. It can be seen from the figure that in this embodiment, the through hole 1820 is an oval through hole 1820, and the corresponding weak area of the single battery 332 is also an oval area; preferably, the orthographic projection of the through hole 1820 on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 covers the weak area around the polar terminal on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332; in this way, when the bottom plate 182 is welded to the upper cover plate of the single battery 332, the welded part is necessarily located outside the weak area.

[0185] The bottom plate 182 can be fixed to the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 by welding, or the bottom plate 182 and the hollow member 181 can be processed into an integral part by an integral processing method. Compared with the split part, the integral part has a lower processing cost and higher structural stability.

[0186] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 20 shown, a second annular plate 183 can also be fixedly sleeved outside the bottom of the hollow member 181, and the second annular plate 183 is welded to the peripheral area of the weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single battery 332. Since the orthographic projection of the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover plate of the single battery 332, and the second annular plate 183 is located outside the bottom of the hollow member 181, its inner diameter must be larger than the diameter of the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow member 181. In this way, when the second annular plate 183 is welded to the upper cover plate of the single battery 332, the welding part must be located in the peripheral area of the weak area. The second annular plate 183 can be fixed to the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow member 181 by welding, or the second annular plate 183 and the hollow member 181 can be processed into an integral part by integral processing. Compared with the split part, the integral part has a lower processing cost and higher structural stability.

[0187] The top of the hollow member 181 is used for sealing connection with the area of the outer shell top plate 341 around the avoidance hole 338; in this embodiment, the size and shape of the open end 1812 at the top of the hollow member 181 are mainly related to the shape of the avoidance hole 338. For example, in this embodiment, the avoidance hole 338 of the large-capacity battery 330 adapted by the hollow member 181 is a circular hole, so the open end 1812 at the top of the hollow member 181 is circular and its diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the avoidance hole 338. In this embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow member 181 is used for tightly fitting with the hole wall of the avoidance hole 338, and the hollow member 181 and the avoidance hole 338 are welded and sealed by laser welding; the welding area of the hollow member 181 and the avoidance hole 338 is between the outer edge at the top of the hollow member 181 and the inner edge of the hole wall of the avoidance hole 338.

[0188] Such as Figure 21 shown, is a partial explosion schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery 330 in this embodiment. In order to clearly show the connection positions of the sealing connector 18 with the upper cover plate of the single battery 332 and the area of the outer shell top plate 341 around the avoidance hole 338, in Figure 21 three states are shown. At position a, the bottom plate 182 of the sealing connector 18 is welded and sealed with the peripheral area of the weak area of the upper cover plate; at position b, the pole 336 of the single battery 332 is located in the avoidance hole 338, and the welding of the sealing connector 18 has not been completed; at position c, the single battery 332 is not installed in the corresponding part of the avoidance hole 338, and the structure of the avoidance hole 338 can be clearly shown.

[0189] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 22 shown (different from Figure 17, the through hole 1820 in the bottom plate 182 of the sealing connector 18 is a round hole), and a first annular plate 184 can also be fixedly sleeved outside the top of the hollow member 181, and the first annular plate 184 is welded and sealed with the second area of the housing 331; the second area is the outer surface area of the housing top plate 341 around the avoidance hole 338. The first annular plate 184 can be fixed to the open end 1812 at the top of the hollow member 181 by welding.

[0190] From Figure 21 It can also be seen that the polar terminal in this embodiment is an integral structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column 336 of the single cell 332 and the pole column adapter 337. The following will be combined with Figure 23 and Figure 24 to introduce the structure of the pole column adapter 337 in detail.

[0191] As Figure 10 and Figure 21 shown, the polar terminal in this embodiment is an integral structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column 336 of the single cell 332 and the pole column adapter 337; the structures of the pole column adapters 337 connected to the positive pole column or the negative pole column are the same. In this embodiment, the pole column adapter 337 connected to the positive pole column is taken as an example, and its structure is as Figure 23 and Figure 24 shown.

[0192] It can be seen from the figure that the pole column adapter 337 in this embodiment includes a pole column adapter main body 1221 and an electrical connection column 1222.

[0193] The pole column adapter main body 1221 is a rectangular block. In some other embodiments, the pole column adapter main body 1221 can also be a cylinder. It can be made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, such as: silver, copper, aluminum, etc. However, considering the cost and the comprehensive effects of electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, aluminum is generally selected as the material of the pole column adapter main body 1221.

[0194] In this embodiment, the electrical connection column 1222 is a cylinder fixed to the bottom of the pole column adapter main body 1221, and the cross section of this cylinder is adapted to the cross section of the pole column 336 of the single cell 332; the electrical connection column 1222 is connected to the pole column 336 of the single cell 332.

[0195] To facilitate the connection between the electrical connection post 1222 and the terminal post 336 of the single cell 332, in this embodiment, a first hole 1226 is formed in the terminal post adapter body 1221. The first hole 1226 can be a blind hole. The bottom of the blind hole is fusion-welded to the terminal post 336 of the single cell 332 to achieve the connection between the two. To eliminate the welding stress, a third through hole 1227 penetrating the blind hole can be formed at the bottom of the blind hole. It can also be understood that the structure of the first hole 1226 is a stepped hole. The large hole of the stepped hole is close to the top surface of the terminal post adapter body 1221, and the small hole is close to the bottom surface of the terminal post adapter body 1221, as Figure 24 shown.

[0196] Considering that due to the different cross-sectional areas of the current-carrying sections, the current-carrying capacity of the hollow conductor is weaker than that of the solid conductor. After connecting the terminal post adapter 337 to the terminal post 336 of the single cell 332, in this embodiment, a conductive post can be fixed in the first hole 1226 to improve the current-carrying capacity of the terminal post adapter body 1221.

[0197] The first hole 1226 can be a round hole, a square hole or other irregular holes. To be adapted to the shape of the terminal post 336, a round hole is preferably used in this embodiment. The shape of the conductive post is adapted to the first hole 1226 and is a cylinder. Its outer diameter can be slightly larger than the aperture of the first hole 1226 and is connected to the first hole 1226 in an interference fit manner. To facilitate fixing it in the first hole 1226, a chamfer can be provided at the end face of the conductive post. The height of the conductive post can be the same as the depth of the first hole 1226 or slightly smaller than the depth of the first hole 1226. The height of the conductive post is not limited in this embodiment. The material of the conductive post is the same as that of the terminal post adapter body 1221.

[0198] In this embodiment, after adding the electrical connection post 1222 to the terminal post adapter body 1221, it is not necessary for the terminal post 336 of the single cell 332 to extend out of the corresponding avoidance hole 338. Instead, the electrical connection post 1222 of the terminal post adapter 337 extends into the avoidance hole 338 to be connected to the terminal post 336 of the single cell 332 located in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1131. Therefore, during the assembly process, it is not necessary to add a support member between the bottom of the single cell 332 and the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131, simplifying the preparation process of such large-capacity batteries 330.

[0199] The heat exchange unit 21 in the temperature control system 2 of the present invention is mainly used for heat exchange with each large-capacity battery 330. The heat exchange unit 21 can be a heat transfer plate or a heat transfer tube 342 that contacts the polarity terminals of each large-capacity battery 330 or contacts the outer shell 331. The above heat transfer plate or heat transfer tube 342 is connected to the heat treatment unit 23 through the heat transfer unit 22 to control the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0200] As Figure 25As shown, the heat exchange unit 21 in this embodiment includes at least one heat transfer tube 342, which is used for heat exchange with the polar terminals of each large-capacity battery 330. Through research, it is found that during the charging and discharging process of the large-capacity battery 330, the temperature at the position of the polar terminal is the highest temperature of the large-capacity battery 330. Processing the heat at the polar terminal can effectively dissipate the heat of the large-capacity battery 330, and thus effectively control the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0201] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 342 is installed on the polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, mainly used to control the temperature at the top of the large-capacity battery 330, especially the part of the polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, to ensure that the large-capacity battery 330 operates within the optimal temperature range. During specific installation, as Figure 23 and Figure 24 shown, a clamping part is provided at the part where the polar terminal of each single battery 332 extends out of the avoidance hole 338. Each heat transfer tube 342 is fixedly connected to the clamping part of each single battery 332 one by one, so that the heat transfer tube 342 is directly connected to the polar terminal of each single battery 332, and the heat on the polar terminal where the heat is relatively concentrated is timely exported, improving the heat dissipation effect at the top of the large-capacity battery 330. In addition, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the heat transfer tube 342 to heat up the large-capacity battery 330; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery 330 always operates at the normal working temperature. The specific structure of the heat transfer tube 342 will be introduced in detail in the subsequent embodiments.

[0202] In this embodiment, the clamping part can be a through hole or a through groove 123 opened on the main body 1221 of the pole post adapter. The through hole or the through groove 123 both extend along the x direction and penetrate both ends of the main body 1221 of the pole post adapter; the size of the through hole or the through groove 123 needs to ensure that the heat transfer tube 342 is tightly clamped therein, to ensure the installation stability while also ensuring the heat transfer effect between the heat transfer tube 342 and the pole post adapter 337. Compared with the through hole 1820, if the number of single batteries 332 in a group is relatively large, it is easier to fix the heat transfer tube 342 in the through groove 123, and when the heat transfer tube 342 is made of a metal material such as a copper tube or a heat pipe, compared with the through hole 1820, it is easier to ensure that the heat transfer tube 342 is in close contact with the groove wall of the through groove 123 (that is, the copper tube or the heat pipe can be deformed by external tooling extrusion from the opening of the through groove 123); the cross section of the through groove 123 can be designed as a U shape or a C shape.

[0203] When the through groove 123 communicates with the first hole 1226, the conductive column in the first hole 1226 also has the function of improving the heat conduction effect, so that the pole post 336 and the heat transfer tube 342 can better achieve heat exchange.

[0204] The present utility model can also lay an insulating sealant on the top plate 341 of the outer casing to prevent the condensation generated by the heat transfer tube 342 from seeping into the battery interior, resulting in a short - circuit problem. Therefore, it is considered to pour an insulating sealant on the entire pole post adapter 337 of the large - capacity battery 330.

[0205] The following two problems need to be considered with emphasis:

[0206] 1. The electrical connection problem of the pole post adapter 337;

[0207] 2. The problem of glue overflow on the top surface of the pole post adapter 337 during the glue - pouring process:

[0208] Regarding problem 1, it can be overcome by the following method:

[0209] By optimizing the structure of the above - mentioned pole post adapter 337, an electrical connection part 1223 is added on the pole post adapter 337, and it is ensured that no glue is poured on the electrical connection part 1223 for connecting with electrical connection components; the electrical connection components mentioned here are connection devices for realizing the series connection of two large - capacity batteries 330; it can also be a connection device for connecting the large - capacity battery 330 with an external load.

[0210] Regarding problem 2, it can be overcome by the following method:

[0211] A glue - blocking structure is added on the pole post adapter 337; the glue - blocking structure can be a part of the electrical connection part 1223.

[0212] Such as Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, it can be seen that the pole post adapter 337 of this embodiment further includes an electrical connection part 1223, and the electrical connection part 1223 is used for connecting with an external electrical connection component while preventing the insulating sealant from overflowing from the top surface of the pole post adapter 337.

[0213] In this embodiment, the electrical connection part 1223 and the pole post adapter main body 1221 are of an integral structure. In the x - direction, the dimensions of the electrical connection part 1223 and the pole post adapter main body 1221 are equal. The electrical connection part 1223 is an inverted L - shaped plate. The vertical plate 1225 of the inverted L - shaped plate is parallel to the xz plane and is fixed on the edge of the top surface of the pole post adapter 337 extending along the x - direction, which can prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing from the edge of the top surface of the pole post adapter 337 extending along the x - direction. The horizontal plate 1224 is parallel to the xy plane and is used for connecting with an external electrical connection component. In some cases, the horizontal plate 1224 can also directly serve as an electrical connection component.

[0214] The large - capacity battery 330 of this embodiment can also include a pressing plate 19.

[0215] Such as Figures 26 to 28As shown, through the cooperation of the pressing plate 19 and the pole post adapter 337, the parallel connection between each single battery 332 can be achieved, and at the same time, the heat transfer tube 342 can be reliably pressed in the through groove 123 of the pole post adapter 337.

[0216] As Figure 28 shown, the pressing plate 19 specifically includes a pressing portion 191 and a fixing portion 192; the bottom of the pressing portion 191 is an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove 123 on the pole post adapter 337 to press the heat transfer tube 342 in the through groove 123; the fixing portion 192 is arranged on both sides of the pressing portion 191 to fix the pressing plate 19 on the top of the pole post adapter 337.

[0217] As Figure 28 shown, the pressing portion 191 in this embodiment is an arc-shaped plate with equal wall thickness, the fixing portion 192 is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plates on both sides are of an integral structure. This kind of structure is easy to manufacture and process, and is also convenient for installation. During specific manufacturing, the pressing plate 19 can be formed by stamping a thin plate, or can be formed by extrusion at one time. In addition, the thickness of the pressing plate 19 is generally 0.5 mm to 1 mm, which can ensure the installation strength while reliably installing the heat transfer tube 342.

[0218] The fixing portion 192 in this embodiment is provided with screw holes 1921 for connecting with the pole post adapter 337, so that the pressing plate 19 and the polar terminal are connected by screws. The screw connection method is easier and the structure is simpler than other welding, riveting or bonding connection methods. More preferably: the screw holes 1921 in this embodiment can be set as long strips, and in addition, notches 1922 extending in the y direction can be opened in the area of the fixing portion 192 corresponding to each pole post adapter 337, which can make up for the dimensional error when multiple single batteries 332 are connected in parallel and ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0219] The insulating and sealing glue layer of the large-capacity battery 330 in this embodiment includes a first sub-insulating and sealing glue layer and a second sub-insulating and sealing glue layer; the first sub-insulating and sealing glue layer is an insulating and sealing glue layer with a heat-resistant performance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas, and is arranged in the gap between the polar terminal of the single battery 332 and the avoidance hole 338; the heat-resistant performance of the second sub-insulating and sealing glue layer is lower than that of the first sub-insulating and sealing glue layer, and the second sub-insulating and sealing glue layer is laid on the outer shell top plate 341 and covers the pole post adapter main body 1221 and the heat transfer tube 342.

[0220] In the gap between the polar terminal of the single battery 332 and the avoidance hole 338 (that is, the gap between the polar terminal of the single battery 332 and the sealing connector 18, that is Figure 10Inject the first sub-insulating sealant within the indicated d area (as shown). After curing, a first sub-insulating sealant layer is formed. The first sub-insulating sealant is an insulating sealant with a heat resistance performance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas. Generally, its heat resistance performance needs to be higher than 320°C and it can exist stably continuously. Generally, an electronic device potting adhesive with a heat resistance performance higher than 320°C can be selected, such as an epoxy potting adhesive with a heat resistance performance higher than 320°C.

[0221] When the polar terminal of the single cell 332 is the pole column 336 of the single cell 332, or when the polar terminal of the single cell 332 is the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column 336 of the single cell 332 and the pole column adapter 337, the first sub-insulating sealant layer is located in the gap between the pole column 336 of the single cell 332 and the avoidance hole 338. The first sub-insulating sealant layer is in direct contact with the pole column 336 of the single cell 332. First, it can play a role in protecting and fixing the pole column 336 of the single cell 332. Under the protection and fixation of this first sub-insulating sealant layer, when thermal runaway occurs, the pole column 336 of the single cell 332 is not easily detached or cracked with the upper cover of the single cell 332. Therefore, it can prevent the thermal runaway flue gas from leaking through the gap between the polar terminal of the single cell 332 and the avoidance hole 338. Second, the first sub-insulating sealant layer can also play a role in sealing the gap between the polar terminal of the single cell 332 and the avoidance hole 338, further improving the sealing performance of the avoidance hole 338 part of the housing 331.

[0222] During the long-term use process, due to the temperature difference inside and outside the heat transfer tube 342, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will seep into the gap between the polar terminal and the avoidance hole 338, resulting in electrical conduction between the polar terminal and the housing 331, and then it may lead to the short circuit of the same single cell 332.

[0223] Since in this embodiment, the first sub-insulating sealant is poured at the gap between the polar terminal and the avoidance hole 338, even if condensation occurs, under the blockage of the first sub-insulating sealant layer, the condensation cannot seep into the gap between the pole column 336 and the avoidance hole 338, and thus the occurrence of battery short circuit can be prevented.

[0224] However, only pouring the first sub-insulating sealant at this part, the heat transfer tube 342 is exposed to the external environment, and condensation will still occur on its surface, causing the large-capacity battery 330 to be affected by moisture and leading to certain safety problems. Therefore, in order to completely solve this problem, in this embodiment, a second sub-insulating sealant layer is also laid on the top plate 341 of the housing; the main body of the heat transfer tube 342 is completely covered, making such large-capacity batteries 330 have higher safety.

[0225] It should be noted that the electrical connection part 1223 of the polar terminals of each single battery 332 (the transverse plate 1224 of the electrical connection part 1223 in this embodiment) needs to extend out of the second sub-insulating sealant layer for connection with electrical connectors; the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat transfer tube 342 need to extend out of the second sub-insulating sealant layer for connection with liquid cooling equipment. The electrical connector can be a connecting device for realizing the series connection of two large-capacity batteries 330; it can also be a connecting device for connecting the large-capacity battery 330 with an external load.

[0226] In addition, the second sub-insulating sealant layer can also play the following two roles:

[0227] 1. Since the second sub-insulating sealant layer completely wraps the main body of the heat transfer tube 342, to a certain extent, it can also play a role in fixing or positioning the heat transfer tube 342, improving the stability of the heat transfer tube 342 on the large-capacity battery 330;

[0228] 2. Since the second sub-insulating sealant layer is laid on the outer shell top plate 341 and covers the main body of the heat transfer tube 342, it can improve the flatness of the top structure of such large-capacity batteries 330.

[0229] In this embodiment, the second sub-insulating sealant is generally a battery potting adhesive commonly used in batteries. For example, silicone thermal conductive potting adhesive can be used as long as it has good functions such as sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation, and waterproofing.

[0230] In other embodiments, the second sub-insulating sealant can be the same as the first sub-insulating sealant, and the first sub-insulating sealant layer can be formed in the gap between the polar terminals of the single battery 332 and the avoidance hole 338 and on the outer shell top plate 341 by a one-time injection method. However, compared with this embodiment, the amount of the first sub-insulating sealant used is larger. Usually, the cost of the first sub-insulating sealant is higher than that of the second sub-insulating sealant. Therefore, the cost of such large-capacity batteries 330 is higher than the cost of the large-capacity batteries 330 in this embodiment.

[0231] In this embodiment, an insulating protective cover 17 can also be provided on the top of the large-capacity battery 330. In this embodiment, part of the structure of the insulating protective cover 17 is used as a potting mold. After potting, there is no need to demold, and at the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating protective cover 17 and the top of the large-capacity battery 330 can be improved. In addition, if the pole post adapter 337 is directly exposed to the external environment, there are relatively large potential safety hazards during use due to the electrification of the pole post adapter 337. Therefore, setting the insulating protective cover 17 on the top of the large-capacity battery 330 can also provide insulation protection for the pole post adapter 337, avoiding potential safety hazards that may occur when the pole post adapter 337 is exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery 330, and also avoiding the problem of short circuit of the large-capacity battery 330 caused by some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the pole post adapter 337, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0232] To facilitate glue injection, as Figure 29 and Figure 30 shown, in this embodiment, the insulating protective cover 17 is designed as a split structure, which includes an insulating frame body 101 and an insulating cover plate 102 covering the insulating frame body 101; the lower end of the insulating frame body 101 is used to cooperate with the top of the large-capacity battery 330 and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery 330 by means of screw connection or bonding, etc. The insulating cover plate 102 is snap-fitted and installed at the upper end of the insulating frame body 101. A notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame body 101 parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate 102 to form a slit 103. A channel for the heat transfer tube 342 to extend is provided on the side wall of the insulating frame body 101 parallel to the yz plane.

[0233] In this embodiment, a part of the structure of the above-mentioned insulating frame body 101 is used as a glue injection mold to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing the outer shell top plate 341.

[0234] During assembly, generally, the insulating frame body 101 can be first fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery 330, and then glue is injected. Under the blockage of the insulating frame body 101, the insulating sealant will not overflow from the outer shell top plate 341. After the glue layer is cured, the electrical connector is connected to the pole adapter 337. Then, the insulating cover plate 102 is fixed to the upper end of the insulating frame body 101.

[0235] As Figure 31 shown, the insulating frame body 101 of this embodiment includes a second insulating frame 104 and an insulating bottom plate 105 fixed to the second insulating frame 104 away from the insulating cover plate 102. Electric connection column avoidance holes 106 corresponding to each pole adapter 337 are opened on the insulating bottom plate 105. The size of the electric connection column avoidance holes 106 should be such that the electric connection columns 1222 on the pole adapter 337 can pass through, and the part of the pole adapter body 1221 cannot pass through. In addition, the first sub-insulating sealant can be injected into the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery 332 and the avoidance hole 338 through the electric connection column avoidance holes 106.

[0236] For the rectangular block-shaped pole adapter 337, partitions 107 can also be provided around each electric connection column avoidance hole 106 to form accommodation cavities for each pole adapter 337. After the insulating frame body 101 is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery 330, the electric connection columns 1222 of each pole adapter 337 pass through the electric connection column avoidance holes 106 and the avoidance holes 338 on the outer shell top plate 341 to be connected to the poles 336 of each single battery 332. There is a fourth gap between the side wall of the pole adapter 337 accommodation cavity parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter 337 parallel to the xz plane. Figure 32In the region e shown in the figure, glue is injected into the glue injection space through the fourth gap. To further facilitate glue injection, a corresponding glue injection groove 109 can also be opened at the position of the pole post adapter 337 corresponding to the fourth gap.

[0237] It should be noted that when the outer shell top plate 341 is provided with a gas sharing chamber 334, as shown in Figure 31 a second chamber 110 can be provided on the insulating bottom plate 105 as a receiving chamber for the gas sharing chamber 334, that is, the gas sharing chamber 334 is located in the second chamber 110.

[0238] The structure of the bracket assembly 339 of the large-capacity battery assembly 30 in this embodiment is as shown in Figure 33 From the figure, it can be seen that in this embodiment, two mutually parallel support ribs 2110 are used as the support members 21; an L-shaped plate is used as the L-shaped bracket 220.

[0239] In some other embodiments, the number of the support ribs 2110 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0240] The first plates (the plates parallel to the yz plane) of the two L-shaped plates serve as the first brackets 221 and are respectively connected to the ends on the same side of the two support ribs 2110. The second plates (the plates parallel to the xy plane) of the two L-shaped plates serve as the second brackets 222 and are respectively used for fixing to the frames opposite to the battery cluster support frame. The first plate and the second plate can be an integral part or a split part.

[0241] To cooperate with the bracket assembly 339, in this embodiment, a channel 343 is opened along the x direction inside the boss 1132 of the cylinder assembly 113 (see Figure 12 ).

[0242] Insert the support rib 2110 with a length greater than the outer shell 331 and a cross-section adapted to the cross-section of the channel 343 into the channel 343, and ensure that both ends of the support rib 2110 extend out of both ends of the channel 343 (for reference, see Figure 8 ).

[0243] The support rib 2110 can be a solid structure or a hollow structure, and its cross-section is preferably adapted to the channel 343. For example, it can be a rectangular cross-section, a trapezoidal cross-section, or other polygonal cross-sections, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0244] As shown in Figure 34 in this embodiment, a support rib 2110 with a relatively simple rectangular cross-section is selected. Then, the cross-section of the corresponding channel 343 is also preferably rectangular. Using the support rib 2110 with a rectangular cross-section to support the large-capacity battery 330 has good support stability. In addition, as can be seen from Figure 34 in this embodiment, the support rib 2110 is a hollow structure to facilitate connection with the L-shaped plate.

[0245] To ensure the support strength of the support rib 2110, in this embodiment, a metal material is selected as the material of the support rib 2110. At the same time, a thermoplastic tube can be sleeved on the support rib 2110 to insulate the support rib 2110 from the large-capacity battery 330.

[0246] In some other embodiments, an insulating material can be directly selected to prepare the support rib 2110. However, compared with this embodiment, its support strength is difficult to ensure.

[0247] Since in the assembly process of this embodiment, the support rib 2110 needs to be inserted into the channel 343 first, and then L-shaped plates are fixed at both ends of the support rib 2110 extending out of the channel 343. Therefore, in this embodiment, the support rib 2110 and the L-shaped plate are separate parts.

[0248] Combined Figure 35 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a connecting rod 224 extending in the x direction is provided on the first plate (the first bracket 221) of the L-shaped plate for connecting with the support rib 2110. Corresponding positioning holes 226 are provided on the support rib 2110 and the connecting rod 224.

[0249] During specific assembly, the support rib 2110 is inserted into the channel 343, and then the connecting rod 224 is inserted into the support rib 2110. The two are fixed by inserting screws or pins through the positioning holes 226.

[0250] In some other embodiments, the connecting rod 224 can be connected to the support rib 2110 by welding. However, in order to increase the energy density, there is a small distance between the first plate and the large-capacity battery 330, resulting in a small operating space and great welding difficulty.

[0251] In some other embodiments, the support rib 2110 and the L-shaped plate can be an integral part. The large-capacity battery 330 can be directly placed on the support rib 2110 for support. Correspondingly, in order to improve the support stability, the number of support ribs 2110 can be increased.

[0252] From Figure 35 It can also be seen that in this embodiment, a hollowed-out portion is provided on the first plate, and the parts on both sides of the hollowed-out portion are respectively connected to two support ribs 2110. By setting the hollowed-out portion, on the one hand, the weight of the L-shaped plate is reduced, thereby reducing its impact on the normal use of the battery cluster support frame. On the other hand, the hollowed-out portion can provide an extension for some functional structures on the large-capacity battery 330.

[0253] In this embodiment, a long slot is provided on the second plate (the second bracket 222) of the L-shaped plate; the battery cluster support frame is fixed by inserting a screw into the long slot. The setting of the long slot can compensate for the dimensional error of the large-capacity battery assembly 30 in the x direction and ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0254] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 36 shown, the L-shaped bracket 220 is two L-shaped support rods 223; that is, two L-shaped support rods 223 form an L-shaped bracket 220;

[0255] The first brackets 221 of the two L-shaped support rods 223 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the same support rib 2110 in a detachable manner, and the first brackets 221 of the other two L-shaped support rods 223 are respectively fixed to the two ends of another support rib 2110 in a detachable manner.

[0256] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 37 and Figure 38 shown, the support member 21 is a support plate 212 adapted to the shape of the bottom of the large-capacity battery 330 to support the large-capacity battery 330. In order to reduce the weight of the support plate 212, weight-reducing holes can be opened on the support plate 212. However, it should be noted that the opening of the weight-reducing holes is based on the premise of not affecting the support strength. There are two L-shaped brackets 220, both of which are L-shaped plates; the first bracket 221 of one L-shaped plate is connected to one end of the support plate 212, and the first bracket 221 of the other L-shaped plate is connected to the other end of the support plate 212. Different from the structure of the large-capacity battery 330 in this embodiment, there is no need to open a channel 343 on the boss 1132 of the cylinder assembly 113.

[0257] This embodiment can realize the assembly of the battery pack assembly 3 through the following process:

[0258] First, fix the corresponding large-capacity battery 330 bracket assembly 339 on each large-capacity battery 330.

[0259] Second, as Figure 39 shown, preliminarily fix the first beam 312 with connection columns 313 fixed at both ends to the L-shaped brackets 220 (the left L-shaped brackets 220 in the figure, that is, the L-shaped brackets 220 close to the first beam 312) of all large-capacity battery 330 bracket assemblies 339 (fixing can be carried out using screws).

[0260] Third, move the U-shaped frame 311 along the Figure 39 direction indicated by the arrow c in the figure until the connection column 313 is inserted into the third beam 3112, and the L-shaped brackets 220 (the right L-shaped brackets 220 in the figure, that is, the L-shaped brackets 220 close to the second beam 3111) of all large-capacity battery 330 bracket assemblies 339 are located on the upper flange of the second beam 3111, indicating that the movement is in place;

[0261] Fourth, fix the connection column 313 and the third beam 3112 with screws, fix the right L-shaped bracket 220 and the second beam 3111 with screws, and further fix the left L-shaped bracket 220 and the first beam 312 with screws.

[0262] Example 2

[0263] This example is the energy storage box 1, and the specific structure can be seen in Figures 40 to 44 ;

[0264] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 40 and Figure 41 , it can be seen that the energy storage box 1 of this example is a rectangular box, and hatches are provided on the four side walls of the rectangular box to facilitate the assembly or maintenance of the battery pack assembly 3 and the temperature control system 2.

[0265] The energy storage box 1 of this example includes two functional compartments, which can be defined as the equipment compartment 11 and the battery compartment 12 respectively. A support frame 13 is provided in the battery compartment 12; some devices of the temperature control system 2 are placed in the equipment compartment 11, and the battery pack assembly 3 is placed on the support frame 13 in the battery compartment 12.

[0266] As Figure 42 shown, it is the structural schematic diagram of the support frame 13 of this example; it is mainly composed of three parallel installation brackets. For the convenience of description, the three installation brackets can be defined as the side installation brackets 131 and the middle installation bracket 132 according to their mutual positions, and the structures of the two side installation brackets 131 are the same. Figure 43 and Figure 44 are respectively the structural schematic diagrams of the side installation bracket 131 and the middle installation bracket 132 of this example. Combined with Figure 42 , it can be seen that each of the two side installation brackets 131 of this example includes three first support beams 133 and eight second support beams 134; each first support beam 133 extends along the z direction, and the three first support beams 133 are arranged at equal intervals along the y direction; each second support beam 134 extends along the y direction, and the eight second support beams 134 are arranged at equal intervals along the z direction and are fixed on the first support beam 133. The middle installation bracket 132 of this example includes three first support beams 133 and sixteen second support beams 134; each first support beam 133 extends along the z direction, and the three first support beams 133 are arranged at equal intervals along the y direction; each second support beam 134 extends along the y direction, and the sixteen second support beams 134 are evenly divided into two groups, with eight second support beams 134 in each group arranged at equal intervals along the z direction and fixed on the opposite side walls of the first support beam 133. Two battery pack assembly 3 installation positions arranged along the y direction are formed between the two second support beams 134 of the two installation brackets located in the same xy plane.

[0267] Among them, the length of the first support beam 133 (i.e., in Figure 42Among them, the dimension of the first support beam 133 in the z direction) is related to the height of each battery pack component 3 (i.e., in the figure, the dimension of each battery pack component 3 in the z direction) and the number of stacked layers; the length of the second support beam 134 (i.e., in Figure 42 Among them, the dimension of the second support beam 134 in the y direction) is related to the width of each battery pack component 3 (i.e., in Figure 42 Among them, the dimension of each battery pack component 3 in the y direction) and the number of battery pack components 3 per layer (i.e., the installation position of the battery pack component 3).

[0268] The number of the first support beams 133 is related to the number of battery pack components 3 placed in each layer between two adjacent mounting brackets. In each layer, one battery pack component 3 corresponds to two adjacent first support beams 133; the number of the second support beams 134 is equal to the number of stacked layers of the battery pack components 3. In other embodiments, the number of the first support beams 133 and the number of the second support beams 134 can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, by increasing the number of the first support beams 133 and simultaneously increasing the length of the second support beams 134, the number of battery pack components 3 placed in each layer can be increased. By increasing the number of the second support beams 134 and simultaneously increasing the length of the first support beams 133, the number of stacked layers of the battery pack components 3 can be increased.

[0269] From Figure 43 and Figure 44 it can be seen that in this embodiment, the first support beam 133 is a square steel, and the second support beam 134 is an angle steel. The vertical plate of the angle steel is fixed on the first support beam 133, and the horizontal plate of the angle steel is used to support the battery pack component 3. The vertical plate of the angle steel can be fixed to the square steel by welding. In addition, in order to improve the bonding strength between the two, in this embodiment, a support rib plate 135 can also be fixed between the horizontal plate of the angle steel and the first support beam 133.

[0270] Embodiment 3

[0271] This embodiment is a semi-finished product of an energy storage device, that is, a product in which the battery pack component 3 in Embodiment 1 is fixed in the energy storage box body 1 in Embodiment 2, and its structure is as Figure 45 shown.

[0272] In this embodiment, two battery pack components 3 are fixed on two second support beams where two adjacent mounting brackets are located in the same xy plane, and the two battery pack components 3 are arranged in the y direction, as Figure 45 shown, Figure 45 One battery pack component 3 is schematically shown on two second support beams where two adjacent mounting brackets are located in the same xy plane.

[0273] According to the arrangement method of this embodiment, 4 battery pack components 3 can be arranged in each layer, and a total of 8 layers can be arranged. Therefore, the energy storage device of this embodiment can include a total of 32 battery pack components 3. Every 8 battery pack components 3 stacked in the z-direction can be defined as a battery cluster, and 4 groups of battery clusters can be arranged in the energy storage box 1 of this embodiment.

[0274] In this embodiment, the rollers 314 of the battery pack support frame 31 are placed on the second support beam, and the battery pack component 3 is pushed and conveyed into the installation position of the battery pack component 3 by a sliding installation method, and positioning is achieved through the limiting device arranged on the installation bracket.

[0275] As Figure 46 and Figure 47 shown, in this embodiment, in the z-direction, two adjacent battery pack components 3 can be defined as a battery pack component unit 5; in each battery pack component unit 5, the battery pack support frames 31 of the two battery pack components 3 are plugged through the vertical support component 6, and the polarities of the two battery pack components 3 on the same side are opposite.

[0276] In this embodiment, as Figure 47 shown, the vertical support component 6 includes a plurality of first docking pipes 61 vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the upper-layer battery pack support frame 31, and a plurality of second docking pipes 62 vertically fixed to the top surface of the lower-layer battery pack support frame 31; the plurality of first docking pipes 61 and the plurality of second docking pipes 62 correspond one by one and are plugged into each other; the inner diameter of the first docking pipe 61 can be greater than the outer diameter of the second docking pipe 62, or the outer diameter of the first docking pipe 61 is less than the inner diameter of the second docking pipe 62, and the gap after the first docking pipe 61 and the second docking pipe 62 are plugged can also correct the installation error when the upper and lower layers of battery pack components are connected in series through the electrical connection row.

[0277] When using this battery pack component unit, the upper and lower battery pack components in the battery pack component unit can be electrically connected on one side through the electrical connection row 7 first, and then the whole can be installed in the energy storage box, which can save the operation space on one side for the series connection of battery pack components in the box, and then can improve the energy density of the energy storage device. The connection strength and stability of the overall battery pack support frame can also be increased by plugging the first docking pipe and the second docking pipe.

[0278] See Figure 48 , the semi-finished product of the energy storage device of this embodiment includes 4 such battery pack component units 5 in each battery cluster; the 4 battery pack component units 5 are arranged from top to bottom; the two battery pack components 3 of the same battery pack component unit 5 are electrically connected on the first side through the electrical connection row 7 (in Figure 48 , the 1st and 2nd battery pack components 3 (the 1st and 2nd battery pack components 3 are Figure 48The two battery pack components at the bottommost layer), the 3rd and 4th battery pack components 3, the 5th and 6th battery pack components 3, and the 7th and 8th battery pack components 3 are electrically connected by aluminum busbars on the Figure 48 left side shown (the 7th and 8th battery pack components 3 are Figure 48 the two battery pack components at the topmost layer of the )), and adjacent battery pack component units 5 are electrically connected on the second side through electrical connection busbars 7 (the two battery pack components 3 of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th battery pack component units 5 are Figure 48 electrically connected by aluminum busbars on the right side shown, where the 1st battery pack component unit 5 is Figure 48 the battery pack component unit at the bottommost layer of the )), thus realizing the series connection of each battery pack component in the battery cluster.

[0279] Embodiment 4

[0280] This embodiment is a temperature control system 2, and its structure is as Figure 49 shown. This temperature control system 2 controls the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 during operation. This temperature control system 2 includes a heat exchange unit 21, a heat transfer unit 22, and a heat treatment unit 23; the heat exchange unit 21 is used for heat exchange with each large-capacity battery 330, the heat transfer unit 22 is used for transporting the heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit 21 and the heat treatment unit 23; the heat treatment unit 23 is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer unit 22.

[0281] As described in Embodiment 1, the heat exchange unit 21 in the temperature control system 2 of the present utility model can be a heat transfer plate or a heat transfer tube 342 that contacts the polar terminals of each large-capacity battery 330 or contacts the outer shell 331. The above heat transfer plate or heat transfer tube 342 is connected to the heat treatment unit 23 through the heat transfer unit 22 to control the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0282] As Figure 49 shown, the heat exchange unit 21 in this embodiment includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes 342 corresponding one-to-one to the large-capacity batteries 330, which are used for heat exchange with the polar terminals of the corresponding large-capacity batteries 330 ( Figure 49 in, only one heat transfer tube 342 is schematically shown). Through research, it is found that during the charging and discharging process of the large-capacity battery 330, the temperature at the position of the polar terminals is the highest temperature of the large-capacity battery 330. Processing the heat at the polar terminals can effectively dissipate the heat of the large-capacity battery 330, and thus realize the effective temperature control of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0283] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 342 is installed on the polar terminals of the large-capacity battery 330, mainly used to control the temperature at the top of the large-capacity battery 330, especially the temperature at the polar terminal part of the large-capacity battery 330, to ensure that the large-capacity battery 330 operates within the optimal temperature range. During specific installation, reference can be made to Embodiment 1. Figure 25 As shown, clamping parts are provided at the parts where the polar terminals of each single battery 332 extend out of the avoidance holes 338. Each heat transfer tube 342 is fixedly connected to the clamping part of each single battery 332 one by one, so that the heat transfer tube 342 is directly connected to the polar terminals of each single battery 332, and the heat on the polar terminals where the heat is relatively concentrated is timely conducted out, improving the heat dissipation effect at the top of the large-capacity battery 330. In addition, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the heat transfer tube 342 to heat up the large-capacity battery 330; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery 330 always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0284] The above-mentioned heat transfer tube 342 is a pipeline with a heat exchange function. There is no requirement for the cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer tube 342, as long as it can contact the polar terminals of the single battery 332 for heat exchange. For example, square tubes, elliptical tubes, circular tubes, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 342 is preferably a circular tube, which is convenient for installation and can be made of existing metal tubes, with relatively low cost.

[0285] At the same time, to improve the heat exchange effect, the heat transfer tube 342 is made of a metal tube with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, etc. Preferably, the above-mentioned heat transfer tube 342 uses an aluminum tube with better heat conduction effect and relatively low cost. To ensure the heat conduction effect, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and is prone to bending and damage during installation. Therefore, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm. The aluminum tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good heat conduction performance, avoiding the risk of easy bending and damage when the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is relatively thin. During specific use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally about 10 mm to 20 mm.

[0286] The above-mentioned heat transfer tube 342 mainly exchanges heat with the first polar terminal and the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330. Among them, the polar terminals of all single batteries 332 on one side are used as the first polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, and the polar terminals of all single batteries 332 on the other side are used as the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330. The heat transfer tube 342 can specifically adopt the following structure to achieve:

[0287] First, the heat transfer tube 342 can be made of a whole tube. The entire metal tube is bent to form a U-shaped tube, and the two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed on the clamping parts of the first polar terminal and the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0288] Second, the heat transfer tube 342 includes an L-shaped first tube section and a second tube section; the first tube section is fixed on the first polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330; the second tube section is fixed on the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, and the relatively shorter tube sections of the first tube section and the second tube section are connected by a joint.

[0289] Third, as Figure 25 shown, the heat transfer tube 342 mainly includes a first tube 161, a second tube 162, and a connecting tube 163; the first tube 161 is fixed on the clamping part of the first polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330; the second tube 162 is fixed on the clamping part of the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, and both ends of the connecting tube 163 are connected to the ports on the same side of the first tube 161 and the second tube 162.

[0290] For the convenience of installation, the heat transfer tube 342 is preferably the spliced pipeline of the third type. At the same time, the connecting tube 163 of the above-mentioned spliced heat transfer tube 342 can be made of a flexible tube. After the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 are connected by a flexible tube, it is convenient to separately install the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 on the first polar terminal and the second polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, improving the installability of the heat transfer tube 342 on the large-capacity battery 330. At the same time, the flexible tube 235 is made of an insulating flexible tube, improving the insulation between the large-capacity battery 330 and the heat transfer tube 342. During specific connection, the insulating flexible tube and the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 are fixedly connected by a clamp.

[0291] In addition, when the large-capacity battery 330 is working, the temperature of the positive-polarity terminal is higher than that of the negative-polarity terminal. At this time, the port of the first tube 161 is used as the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube 342, and the port of the second tube 162 is used as the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube 342. At the same time, the first tube 161 of the heat transfer tube 342 is connected to the positive-polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, and the second tube 162 is connected to the negative-polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 330. When the heat transfer tube 342 exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 330, the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer tube 342 first exchanges heat with the relatively higher-temperature positive-polarity terminal, and then exchanges heat with the negative-polarity terminal, so that the temperatures of the positive-polarity terminal and the negative-polarity terminal are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery 330 during operation.

[0292] After the above heat transfer tube 342 is connected to the polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330, in order to ensure the safety of the large-capacity battery 330 during operation, insulation needs to be carried out between the heat transfer tube 342 and the polar terminal of the large-capacity battery 330. Specifically, the following methods can be used to achieve this insulation:

[0293] First, perform insulation treatment on the polar terminal;

[0294] Perform insulation treatment on the polar terminals of each single battery 332. Specifically, an insulating layer is provided on the part where the polar terminal of each single battery 332 contacts the heat transfer tube 342. This insulating layer can be a ceramic coating such as boron nitride, alumina, or copper fluoride coating, or an insulating paint layer formed by coating, or a hard anodized layer formed after oxidation treatment, or an enamel insulating layer, etc.; When specifically setting, the insulating layer is formed on the inner wall of the polar terminal through-hole or the inner wall of the through-hole;

[0295] Second, set an insulating and heat-conducting member between the polar terminal and the heat transfer tube 342;

[0296] Set an insulating and heat-conducting member between the polar terminals of each single battery 332 and the heat transfer tube 342. For example, set an insulating plastic pad, an insulating rubber pad, and a heat-conducting ceramic pad, etc. between the polar terminals of each single battery 332 and the heat transfer tube 342;

[0297] Third, perform insulation treatment on the heat transfer tube 342;

[0298] When performing insulation treatment on the heat transfer tube 342, insulation can be achieved by using a heat transfer tube 342 made of an insulating material. For example, a plastic tube or a ceramic tube, etc. However, currently, for a metal tube, the thermal conductivity of a plastic tube or a ceramic tube is relatively poor. Therefore, the heat transfer tube 342 is preferably a metal tube. At this time, an insulating layer or an insulating sleeve is provided on the metal tube to ensure the insulation between the metal tube and the large-capacity battery 330 during use. Preferably, both an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve are provided on the heat transfer tube 342 to form a double-insulation structure; This kind of double-insulation setting enables the heat transfer tube 342 and the large-capacity battery 330 to maintain reliable insulation performance even if one of the insulating layer or the insulating sleeve is damaged during heat exchange, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 330 during use.

[0299] Taking the metal tube as an aluminum tube as an example, the structure of the heat transfer tube 342 with an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve will be described in detail below.

[0300] When setting the insulating layer on the aluminum tube, the insulating layer is formed on the tube wall of the aluminum tube and is an integral structure with the aluminum tube. Specifically, it can be achieved in the following several ways:

[0301] First, form a ceramic coating, namely a high-temperature electrical insulation coating, on the wall of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. The ceramic coating can specifically be a boron nitride or alumina, copper fluoride coating. However, the insulating layer formed in this way is prone to peeling off, and the processing cost is relatively high.

[0302] Second, coat a layer of insulating material (such as insulating paint, etc.) on the surface of the wall of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. This method is convenient for processing and implementation, and the processing cost is relatively low.

[0303] Third, form an enamel insulating layer on the wall of the aluminum tube. The enamel insulating layer is formed on the outer wall of the aluminum tube and is an integral structure with the aluminum tube.

[0304] Fourth, perform an oxidation treatment on the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. The oxidation treatment utilizes the chemical reaction between the metal surface and oxygen to form an oxide film to improve the insulation performance of the metal surface. For example, electrochemical oxidation methods, etc. Specifically, perform an oxidation treatment on the aluminum tube to form a hard anodized layer. The insulating layer formed by this method is not prone to peeling off, and the insulation performance is relatively good.

[0305] It should be noted that the above-mentioned tube wall can be the outer wall of the aluminum tube or the inner wall, preferably the outer wall. The thicker the hard anodized layer formed by the oxidation treatment, the better the insulation performance. However, its heat conduction performance will decrease. In this embodiment, the thickness of the above-mentioned hard anodized layer is preferably 20um - 50um. The hard anodized layer of this thickness not only ensures the insulation performance but also enables the side wall of the aluminum tube to have better heat conduction performance.

[0306] The above-mentioned insulating sleeve can specifically be processed and made of an insulating material with good heat conduction performance, so that it has excellent heat conduction performance while also having good insulation performance. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve is a heat-conducting plastic sleeve or a heat-conducting rubber sleeve with both good insulation performance and heat conduction performance, such as a heat-conducting silica gel sleeve, etc. At the same time, the thickness of the insulating sleeve is preferably 0.1mm - 1.5mm. This thickness can ensure good insulation performance while also ensuring good heat conduction performance. The cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve can be circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped, as long as it can be sleeved on the aluminum tube with an insulating layer to achieve insulation at the contact between the aluminum tube and the polar terminal of the single battery 332. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned insulating sleeve is preferably the same as the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum tube, so that the insulating sleeve can be tightly nested on the aluminum tube to improve the heat conduction performance of the aluminum tube. In addition, when the insulating sleeve is installed and matched with the heat transfer tube 342, the size of the insulating sleeve is set slightly smaller than the size of the heat transfer tube 342, so as to tightly nest the insulating sleeve on the heat transfer tube 342 with an insulating layer, or the insulating sleeve can also be sleeved on the heat transfer tube 342 with an insulating layer by heat shrinkage.

[0307] Combined with Figure 49, in this embodiment, the heat transfer unit 22 includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231, and a liquid return pipeline assembly 232; the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 mainly realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium between the heat treatment unit 23 and each battery cluster, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium within each battery cluster. In Figure 49 , only three groups of the liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 231 and the liquid return pipeline assemblies 232 are schematically shown, and only the pipelines corresponding to each battery pack assembly 3 in the battery cluster are schematically shown in each liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and each liquid return pipeline assembly 232.

[0308] During specific operation, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 transports the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit 23 to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 converges the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit 23. In each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 diverts the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 to each large-capacity battery 330 in each battery pack assembly 3; the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 converges the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of multiple large-capacity batteries 330 to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, and the heat transfer medium forms a circulation loop with the heat treatment unit 23 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231, and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 to control the temperature of the large-capacity batteries 330 in each battery cluster.

[0309] The pipeline arrangements of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are described in detail below.

[0310] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is one, then the above-mentioned liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are both single pipelines, which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231, the liquid return pipeline assembly 232, and the heat treatment unit 23 to realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium.

[0311] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is N, N>1, and the N battery clusters are arranged in a matrix, then the above-mentioned liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are both combinations of multiple pipelines, and the corresponding pipeline arrangements are made according to the arrangement of the battery clusters. The specific arrangements are as follows:

[0312] First, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 respectively include N liquid supply pipelines and N liquid outlet pipelines; the N liquid supply pipelines are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 231 in N battery clusters one by one, and the other ends are all connected to the heat treatment unit 23. The N liquid outlet pipelines are respectively connected to the liquid return pipeline assemblies 232 in N battery clusters one by one, and the other ends are all connected to the heat treatment unit 23. That is, each battery cluster is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit 23 by an independent pipeline. This kind of pipeline setting requires a large number of pipelines for installation and production. At the same time, the heat treatment unit 23 also needs to be provided with N liquid inlets and N liquid outlets, making the structure of the heat treatment unit 23 relatively complex;

[0313] Second, as Figure 50 shown, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 includes a first-stage shunt pipe 2331, a second-stage shunt pipe 2332, and a third-stage shunt pipe 2333; the inlet of the first-stage shunt pipe 2331 is used to connect to the heat treatment unit 23; the second-stage shunt pipe 2332 is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the first-stage shunt pipe 2331 to different columns or rows of battery clusters, and the third-stage shunt pipe 2333 is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the second-stage shunt pipe 2332 to the same column or row of battery clusters;

[0314] The liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 includes a first-stage confluence pipe 2341, a second-stage confluence pipe 2342, and a third-stage confluence pipe 2343; the third-stage confluence pipe 2343 is used to converge the heat transfer medium in the same column or row of battery clusters into the second-stage confluence pipe 2342; the second-stage shunt pipe 2332 is used to converge the heat transfer medium in different columns or rows of battery clusters into the first-stage confluence pipe 2341; the outlet of the first-stage confluence pipe 2341 is used to connect to the heat treatment unit 23.

[0315] The liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit 23 is gradually shunted and evenly distributed to each battery cluster, balancing the flow rate of the heat transfer medium distributed to each battery cluster, so that each battery cluster and the large-capacity batteries 330 in the battery cluster all have good and balanced heat dissipation effects, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device. At the same time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat treatment unit 23 only needs to be provided with one liquid inlet and one liquid outlet, and the structure of the heat treatment unit 23 is relatively simple. In addition, the production and installation of the entire pipeline are also relatively convenient.

[0316] In this embodiment, a water replenishing joint may also be provided on the primary flow dividing pipe 2331 for replenishing the heat transfer medium to the temperature control system 2, and an exhaust valve is provided on the primary flow combining pipe 2341. The exhaust valve is used to discharge the air in the temperature control system 2. The water replenishing joint and the exhaust valve cooperate to enable the temperature control system 2 to efficiently control the temperature of each large-capacity battery 330 and improve the temperature control effect of the temperature control system 2.

[0317] After the above-mentioned liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 divides the heat transfer medium processed by the heat treatment unit 23 into multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster realizes the transportation of the heat transfer medium of each large-capacity battery 330 in the battery cluster through the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 respectively. The pipeline arrangements of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 will be described in detail below.

[0318] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are specifically installed and manufactured according to the number and arrangement mode of the large-capacity batteries 330 in the battery cluster. In this embodiment, multiple large-capacity batteries 330 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery pack assembly 3. Subsequently, multiple battery pack assemblies 3 are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster. At this time, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 can be manufactured in the following manner:

[0319] First, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are manufactured as an integrated pipeline with the heat transfer pipe 342, that is, there is only one pipeline for the heat transfer medium to flow in the entire energy storage device. This pipeline can specifically be made of an aluminum pipe. The aluminum pipe is bent multiple times up and down and left and right and is sequentially connected to the polarity terminals of multiple large-capacity batteries 330. This installation method requires many bends of the aluminum pipe and has relatively high requirements for the pipeline quality. At the same time, when installing, the entire pipeline needs to be sequentially connected to the polarity terminals of each large-capacity battery 330, and the reliability and convenience of installation are relatively poor, and installation errors are likely to occur after installation.

[0320] Second, as Figure 50 and Figure 51 shown, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are separately manufactured and installed, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are manufactured through multiple-stage pipelines.

[0321] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 specifically includes a primary liquid inlet pipe 2311, a secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312, and a tertiary liquid inlet pipe 2313; the liquid inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe 2311 is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233; a plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes 2312 are all connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe 2311, and each secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 respectively supplies the heat transfer medium to each battery pack assembly 3. That is to say, the plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes 2312 respectively divert the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe 2311 to the plurality of battery pack assemblies 3 one by one; a plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes 2313 are all connected to the secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312. At the same time, each tertiary liquid inlet pipe 2313 is respectively connected to the liquid inlet end of the heat transfer pipe 342 of each large-capacity battery 330 in the same battery pack assembly 3, and each tertiary liquid inlet pipe 2313 respectively supplies the heat transfer medium to each large-capacity battery 330. That is to say, the plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes 2313 divert the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 to the plurality of large-capacity batteries 330;

[0322] The above-mentioned liquid return pipeline assembly 232 includes a primary liquid outlet pipe 2321, a secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322, and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe 2323; each tertiary liquid outlet pipe 2323 is respectively connected to the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer pipe 342 of each large-capacity battery 330. At the same time, a plurality of tertiary liquid outlet pipes 2323 are all connected to the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322, converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity batteries 330 into the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322. Each secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 is all connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321, converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of battery pack assemblies 3 into the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321, and the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234.

[0323] The above-mentioned tertiary liquid inlet pipe 2313 and tertiary liquid outlet pipe 2323 can both adopt flexible pipelines, specifically made of metal bellows. The flexible pipelines reduce the installation error with the large-capacity battery 330, lower the on-site installation requirements, and further increase the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly.

[0324] The above-mentioned liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are made of multi-stage pipelines, enabling the heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 to be gradually diverted and evenly distributed to each large-capacity battery 330, balancing the flow rate of the heat transfer medium distributed to each large-capacity battery 330, so that each large-capacity battery 330 in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device.

[0325] The above-mentioned secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 and secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 can both be formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines, that is, the secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 and secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 can both be formed by splicing multiple pipelines with three-way joints. This kind of splicing connection reduces the error and assembly difficulty during the connection of each pipeline, and is very convenient for installation and disassembly. At the same time, during subsequent maintenance of this kind of splicing connection, only the pipeline connection head of the relevant large-capacity battery 330 needs to be removed for maintenance, without removing the entire temperature control pipeline assembly, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0326] As Figure 51 shown, for further convenient connection, the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321 by a quick connector 236 and a hose 235. The hose 235 reduces the installation error when the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321 are connected, reduces the on-site installation requirements, and further increases the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly. The quick connector 236 can realize the quick installation of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321, and can be directly inserted and pulled without tools, which can improve the convenience of installation or disassembly. In addition, the above-mentioned quick connector 236 can also have a two-way self-sealing function. During the process of inserting and pulling the quick connector 236, it can automatically cut off the flow of liquid, so that when maintaining the large-capacity battery 330 and the pipeline assembly, it is not necessary to empty the heat transfer medium in each pipeline, which improves the convenience of maintenance, improves the detachable performance of the pipeline, and is convenient for subsequent maintenance and replacement of the main pipeline.

[0327] In addition, the entire pipeline or part of the pipelines of the above-mentioned liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231, and liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are provided with heat insulation layers. The heat insulation layer can not only effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the heat transfer medium, reduce energy consumption, but also avoid the occurrence of condensation on the pipe walls of each pipeline. At the same time, between the heat treatment unit 23 and the large-capacity battery 330, the diameters of each pipeline gradually decrease, that is, the diameter of the primary shunt pipe 2331 > the diameter of the secondary shunt pipe 2332 > the diameter of the tertiary shunt pipe 2333 > the diameter of the primary liquid inlet pipe 2311 > the diameter of the secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 > the diameter of the tertiary liquid inlet pipe 2313, and the diameter of the primary confluence pipe 2341 > the diameter of the secondary confluence pipe 2342 > the diameter of the tertiary confluence pipe 2343 > the diameter of the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321 > the diameter of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 > the diameter of the tertiary liquid outlet pipe 2323. This kind of setting makes the flow deviation of the heat transfer medium exchanging heat with each large-capacity battery 330 smaller, reduces the temperature difference of the large-capacity battery 330, and improves the service life of the large-capacity battery 330.

[0328] As Figure 49 and Figure 52As shown, the heat treatment unit 23 in this embodiment includes a temperature control machine 241. The temperature control machine 241 raises or lowers the temperature of a heat transfer medium (specifically, it can be water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc.). The temperature control machine 241 is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, such as a heat pump or a water chiller, etc., and is used to raise or lower the temperature of the heat transfer medium conveyed by the heat transfer unit 22.

[0329] As Figure 49 and Figure 52 As shown, generally, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the temperature control machine 241. The temperature control machine 241 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 through the liquid inlet 2411 and the liquid outlet 2412 respectively. At this time, for convenient maintenance, blocking joints are provided on the liquid inlet 2411 and the liquid outlet 2412 of the temperature control machine 241. The blocking joints can block the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine 241 when the temperature control machine 241 is installed and disassembled.

[0330] As Figure 53 As shown, the above-mentioned blocking joint 44 includes a joint end pipe 441, a regulating valve 442, and two welding chucks 443; one end of the regulating valve is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 through welding chucks, and the other end is connected to the joint end pipe through a welding chuck. The joint end pipe is used to connect to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine 241. The above-mentioned regulating valve can specifically adopt a butterfly valve. When the temperature control machine 241 is working normally, the regulating valve is in an open state, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 is in a normal flowing state. When the temperature control machine 241 needs to be disassembled and repaired, the regulating valve is closed, and the blocking joint blocks the inflow and outflow of the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine 241. At this time, the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 is in a disconnected state from the temperature control machine 241. Subsequently, the temperature control machine 241 can be directly disassembled from the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 without corresponding drainage operations, improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance.

[0331] The heat treatment unit 23 in this embodiment may further include a radiator 242 and a control valve 243; the liquid inlet of the temperature control machine 241 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, and the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine 241 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, and is used to raise or lower the temperature of the heat transfer medium; the control valve 243 is used to control whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator 242. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the radiator 242 are both connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 and are used to dissipate heat from the heat transfer medium.

[0332] The above-mentioned device for the radiator 242 to dissipate heat from the heat transfer medium can specifically adopt a heat dissipation coil, etc., to exchange heat with the external environment to achieve a reduction in the temperature of the heat transfer medium.

[0333] The above control valve 243 can specifically adopt valves with different control methods or structures, as long as it can control the on-off of the heat transfer medium. For example, it can specifically adopt pneumatic valves, electric valves, hydraulic valves, etc. For convenient control, an electric valve is preferably adopted. The electric valve is convenient to control, easy to operate, and also convenient for on-site installation. The control valve 243 in this embodiment includes a three-way electric valve. The first port of the three-way electric valve is communicated with the liquid inlet of the temperature control machine 241, the second port is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, and the third port is communicated with the liquid outlet of the radiator 242. When using a three-way electric valve for control, only a single device is required to achieve control, with a simple structure and convenient installation.

[0334] In this embodiment, a fan is further provided outside the above radiator 242 to further dissipate the heat of the heat transfer medium in the radiator 242. A large-capacity battery 330 can generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. In order to dissipate the heat and make the best use of the ambient temperature as much as possible, a fan is provided. In this way, even in a high-temperature situation where the temperature is 40°C, the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 can be ensured to be below 50°C. The control of the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 is mainly an energy consumption issue. Using refrigeration equipment such as air conditioners has a very high energy consumption. Therefore, the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 is controlled by making the best use of the ambient temperature as much as possible.

[0335] The working modes of the above temperature control system 2 are as follows:

[0336] First, the single cooling mode of the radiator 242:

[0337] As Figure 55 shown, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 330 reaches the first high-temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are communicated, and the second port is closed. The heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 21 exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 330. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 21 enters the radiator 242 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234. The radiator 242 processes the heat in the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium with reduced temperature enters the temperature control machine 241. At this time, the temperature control machine 241 does not work and only ensures the passage of the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 21 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 to exchange heat with the large-capacity battery 330 again, thereby realizing passive cooling through the radiator 242.

[0338] Second, the single cooling and heating mode of the temperature control machine 241:

[0339] As Figure 56As shown, when the temperature of the high-capacity battery 330 reaches the second high-temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed. The heat exchange unit 21 exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery 330. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 21 enters the temperature control machine 241 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234. At this time, the temperature control machine 241 operates to actively cool the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the cooled heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 21 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery 330, thereby achieving active cooling through the temperature control machine 241.

[0340] When the temperature of the high-capacity battery 330 reaches the low-temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed. The temperature control machine 241 operates to raise the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the temperature control pipe. The heated heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 21 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery 330, thereby achieving active heating through the temperature control machine 241.

[0341] Third, the combined cooling mode of the radiator 242 and the temperature control machine 241:

[0342] As Figure 55 shown, when the temperature of the high-capacity battery 330 reaches the third high-temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the second port is closed. The heat transfer medium of the heat exchange unit 21 exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery 330. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange unit 21 enters the radiator 242 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234. The radiator 242 processes the heat in the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium with reduced temperature enters the temperature control machine 241. At this time, the temperature control machine 241 is turned on to cool the heat transfer medium. Subsequently, the heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange unit 21 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery 330 again, thereby achieving passive cooling and active cooling through the radiator 242 and the temperature control machine 241.

[0343] It should be noted that: the third high-temperature threshold > the second high-temperature threshold > the first high-temperature threshold.

[0344] The above heat treatment unit 23 performs combined active heat dissipation, active heating, and passive heat dissipation on the high-capacity battery 330 through the radiator 242 and the temperature control machine 241. This method can not only ensure that the heat of the high-capacity battery 330 can be effectively processed, but also has a relatively low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoid wasting energy when only using active temperature control, and also avoid the defect that the temperature of the high-capacity battery 330 cannot be controlled in time when only using passive temperature control. This setting enables the heat treatment unit 23 to fully exchange heat with the external environment, make full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving the opening time of active refrigeration and saving energy.

[0345] Example 5

[0346] This example is an energy storage device, and its structure can be referred to Figure 1 and Figure 57 , that is, on the basis of Example 3, it is a product after assembling the temperature control system 2 of Example 4 with the energy storage box body 1 and the battery pack assembly 3.

[0347] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 49 and Figure 57 , it can be seen that for the energy storage device of this example, the heat treatment unit 23 is arranged in the equipment compartment 11.

[0348] Each battery pack assembly 3, the heat exchange unit 21, and the heat transfer unit 22 are installed in the battery compartment 12. Both the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 in the heat transfer unit 22 are located at the top of the battery cluster. This setting occupies a relatively small installation space, resulting in a high integration degree of the pipeline assembly. The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 in the heat transfer unit 22 are located on the same side of the battery cluster, improving the connectability of the entire liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 and the compactness of the pipeline layout, avoiding pipeline stacking and crossing, increasing the inconvenience of connection, and improving the convenience of installation and layout. The secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 in the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are directly embedded in the outer space between the upper flange and the lower flange of the first beam 312, without occupying additional space, enabling the battery pack assembly to have a high energy density.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It includes an energy storage box, a temperature control system and at least one battery pack assembly; The energy storage box includes an equipment compartment and a battery compartment, and a support frame is provided in the battery compartment; The battery pack assembly comprises a battery pack support frame and n large-capacity battery assemblies fixed on the battery pack support frame; wherein n is an integer greater than 1; each large-capacity battery assembly comprises a large-capacity battery and a bracket assembly; the large-capacity battery comprises an outer shell and m single cells arranged in the outer shell in the same direction, wherein m is an integer greater than 1; the outer shell is provided with a shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells; avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the outer shell top plate area corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; Each large-capacity battery assembly is fixed to the battery pack support frame through a bracket assembly, and the battery pack assembly is placed on a support frame in the battery compartment through the battery pack support frame; The temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat processing unit; the heat exchange unit contacts with large capacity batteries to achieve heat exchange; the heat transfer unit realizes the transfer of heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat processing unit; the heat processing unit heats up or cools down the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transfer unit.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shared chamber is an electrolyte shared chamber, and the electrolyte shared chamber is communicated with the electrolyte area of ​​each single battery.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shared chamber is a gas shared chamber, and the gas shared chamber is communicated with the gas area of ​​each single battery.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber is communicated with the electrolyte area of ​​each single battery, and the gas shared chamber is communicated with the gas area of ​​each single battery.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber. The electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell. The gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer shell and each single cell. The gas channel covers the explosion venting part of each single cell. When the explosion venting part of any single cell is broken by the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area and gas channel of the single cell are connected.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The shell comprises a cylinder assembly with two open ends and an end plate assembly covering the two open ends of the cylinder assembly; the electrolyte sharing chamber is located at the bottom of the cylinder assembly and is a liquid channel extending along the x direction.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder and two bosses arranged on the inner bottom surface of the cylinder and extending in the x direction and arranged in the y direction with the same length as the cylinder. The top surface of the boss is the supporting surface of each single battery. In the y direction, a liquid channel is formed between the two bosses as a shared chamber for the electrolyte.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bracket assembly includes a supporting member and two L-shaped brackets; the supporting member is placed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery to support the large-capacity battery; the L-shaped bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket, wherein the first bracket is parallel to the yz plane, and the second bracket is parallel to the xy plane, and the first brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively fixed to the two ends of the supporting member, and the second brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively fixed to the side beams opposite to the battery pack support frame.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A channel is opened in the boss along the x direction; the supporting member includes two supporting ribs, which are respectively inserted into the two channels to support the large-capacity battery.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end plate assembly includes a first end plate and a second end plate; a first through hole is provided on the first end plate; the first end plate is used to cooperate with an explosion relief mechanism fixed at the first through hole to seal the open end of the gas sharing chamber, the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber and the open end of the cylinder of the large-capacity battery; the second end plate is parallel to the first end plate and there is a gap between the two, and the gap serves as a gas channel; the gas channel extends along the z direction, the air inlet end of the gas channel is used to communicate with the gas sharing chamber, and the air outlet end of the gas channel is connected with the first through hole; in the z direction, the air inlet end of the gas channel is higher than the air outlet end of the gas channel.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The end plate assembly also includes a third end plate which is closely attached to the inner surface of the second end plate.

12. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery also includes 2m sealing connectors; the outer shell area around each avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell by a sealing connector; the sealing connector includes a hollow component sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminal of the single cell, and the orthographic projection of the open end of the bottom of the hollow component on the upper cover of the single cell covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell; The bottom of the hollow component and the peripheral area of ​​the weak area are welded and sealed, and the top of the hollow component and the top plate area of ​​the shell around the avoidance hole are welded and sealed.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The sealing connector also includes a bottom plate fixed to the open end of the bottom of the hollow component; a through hole is opened on the bottom plate; the through hole covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell through its positive projection on the upper cover of the single cell; the bottom plate is used for welding and sealing with the peripheral area of ​​the weak area.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The polarity terminal includes a pole adapter fixed on the pole of the single cell; the pole adapter includes a block-shaped pole adapter body and an electrical connection column fixed on the pole adapter body and protruding from the pole adapter body; the pole adapter body is provided with a first hole corresponding to the electrical connection column, and each electrical connection column is connected to the pole of the single cell through each first hole.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first hole is a blind hole, which extends to the electrical connection column; the bottom of the blind hole is connected to the single battery pole by welding; a third through hole is provided at the bottom of the blind hole and passes through the blind hole, and the aperture of the third through hole is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole.

16. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit includes at least one heat transfer tube, and a clamping portion is provided at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole. Each heat transfer tube is fixed on the clamping portion of each single cell polarity terminal in a one-to-one correspondence, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single cell polarity terminal; the clamping portion is a through groove or through hole opened at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve.

18. The energy storage device according to claim 17, characterized in that: All the single battery polarity terminals located on one side serve as the first polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, and all the single battery polarity terminals located on the other side serve as the second polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery; The heat transfer tube includes a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; The first tube is fixed on the clamping part of the first polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery; the second tube is fixed on the clamping part of the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery; and both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube on the same side.

19. The energy storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The first tube and the second tube are metal tubes, the metal tubes have at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve, and the connecting tube is an insulating hose.

20. The energy storage device according to claim 19, characterized in that: The port of the first tube is the liquid inlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the first polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, the port of the second tube is the liquid outlet port of the heat transfer tube, and the second polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal.

21. The energy storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The clamping part is a through groove, and a pressing plate is also provided on the top of the heat transfer tube, and the pressing plate includes a pressing part and a fixing part; the pressing part has an arc surface, and the arc surface is used to cooperate with the through groove of the polarity terminal to press the heat transfer tube into the through groove; the fixing part is arranged on both sides of the pressing part, connected with the polarity terminal of each single battery, and is used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and is also used to fix the pressing part on the polarity terminal, and an insulating pad is also provided between the pressing plate and the heat transfer tube.

22. The energy storage device according to claim 21, characterized in that: An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery, and the insulating sealant layer includes a first sub-insulating sealant layer and a second sub-insulating sealant layer. The first sub-insulating sealant layer is an insulating sealant layer with a temperature resistance higher than the thermal runaway flue gas temperature, and is arranged in the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery and the avoidance hole; the second sub-insulating sealant layer has a lower temperature resistance than the first sub-insulating sealant, and the second sub-insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the outer shell and covers the heat transfer tube and the pressure plate.

23. The energy storage device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery also includes an insulating protective cover, which includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing the top plate of the shell; the upper end of the insulating frame is buckled and installed with the insulating cover plate; A notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame body parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate to form a slit, through which the large-capacity battery is electrically connected to external equipment.

24. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Multiple battery pack components are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction to form a battery cluster; The heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used to transport the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; The number of liquid inlet pipeline assemblies and liquid outlet pipeline assemblies corresponds to the number of battery clusters one by one; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used to divert the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to the heat exchange units corresponding to multiple large-capacity batteries; the liquid return pipeline assembly is used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in the heat exchange units of multiple large-capacity batteries to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

25. The energy storage device according to claim 24, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid inlet pipe, a plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes and a plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes; the liquid inlet port of the primary liquid inlet pipe is used to be connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly; the plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes are all connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of secondary liquid inlet pipes shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe to each battery pack assembly in the battery cluster; the plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes are all connected to the secondary liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of tertiary liquid inlet pipes shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe to each large-capacity battery in each battery pack assembly; The liquid return pipeline assembly includes a primary liquid outlet pipe, a secondary liquid outlet pipe and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe; multiple tertiary liquid outlet pipes are connected to the secondary liquid outlet pipe, and are used to gather the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with each large-capacity battery in the battery pack assembly into the secondary liquid outlet pipe, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe, and the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with multiple battery pack assemblies is gathered into the primary liquid outlet pipe, and the primary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

26. The energy storage device according to claim 25, characterized in that There are multiple battery clusters arranged in a matrix; The liquid supply pipeline assembly includes a primary shunt pipe, a secondary shunt pipe and a tertiary shunt pipe; The inlet of the primary shunt pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit; the secondary shunt pipe is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the primary shunt pipe to different columns or rows of battery clusters; the tertiary shunt pipe is used to shunt the heat transfer medium in the secondary shunt pipe to multiple battery clusters in the same column or row; The liquid outlet pipeline assembly includes a primary confluence pipe, a secondary confluence pipe and a tertiary confluence pipe; The tertiary confluence pipe is used to converge the heat transfer medium of multiple battery clusters in the same column or row into the secondary confluence pipe; the secondary diversion pipe is used to converge the heat transfer medium of different columns or rows of battery clusters into the primary confluence pipe; the outlet of the primary confluence pipe is used to connect to the heat treatment unit.

27. The energy storage device according to claim 26, characterized in that: At least part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, liquid outlet pipeline assembly, liquid inlet pipeline assembly and liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with a heat preservation layer. Meanwhile, the secondary liquid inlet pipe and secondary liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines.

28. The energy storage device according to claim 26, characterized in that The first-level flow distribution pipe is provided with a water supply joint for supplying heat transfer medium to the temperature control system, and the first-level flow converging pipe is provided with an exhaust valve.

29. The energy storage device according to claim 26, characterized in that: The secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe by a quick-insert connector and a hose. Meanwhile, in the battery clusters in the same row, two adjacent battery clusters share one primary liquid outlet pipe.

30. The energy storage device according to claim 26, characterized in that The support frame includes three mounting brackets parallel to each other; each mounting bracket includes a plurality of first support beams and a plurality of second support beams; each first support beam extends along the z direction, and the plurality of first support beams are arranged along the y direction; each second support beam extends along the y direction, and the plurality of second support beams are arranged along the z direction and fixed on the first support beam; The mounting brackets are located between two second support beams in the same xy plane to form at least two battery pack assembly mounting positions arranged along the y direction; a battery pack assembly is fixed in each battery pack assembly mounting position; the battery pack assemblies located on both sides of the middle mounting bracket are electrically connected through the first electrical connection plate.

31. The energy storage device according to claim 30, characterized in that: The battery pack support frame is a rectangular frame. Rollers are provided at the bottom of the battery pack support frame relative to the two second side beams. The rollers are placed on the second support beams and are transported to the battery pack assembly installation position by sliding installation. The positioning is achieved by a limit device arranged on the mounting bracket.

32. The energy storage device according to claim 31, characterized in that The battery pack support frame includes a U-shaped frame and a first beam fixed to an open end of the U-shaped frame in a detachable connection manner; The first beam is an I-shaped steel, and the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are embedded in the outer space between the upper flange and the lower flange of the first beam.

33. The energy storage device according to claim 32, characterized in that: In the z direction, two adjacent battery pack assemblies constitute a battery pack assembly unit; in each battery pack assembly unit, the battery pack support frames of the two battery pack assemblies are plugged in through a vertical support assembly, and the two battery pack assemblies on the same side have opposite polarities.

34. The energy storage device according to claim 33, characterized in that The vertical support assembly includes a plurality of first docking tubes vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the upper battery pack support frame, and a plurality of second docking tubes vertically fixed to the top surface of the lower battery pack support frame; the plurality of first docking tubes and the plurality of second docking tubes correspond one to one and are plugged into each other.

35. The energy storage device according to claim 24, characterized in that The heat treatment unit comprises a temperature controller, a liquid inlet of the temperature controller is connected to a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid outlet of the temperature controller is connected to a liquid supply pipeline assembly. The temperature controller is used to increase or decrease the temperature of a heat transfer medium.

36. The energy storage device according to claim 35, characterized in that The heat treatment unit also includes a radiator and a control valve; the control valve is used to control whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator are both connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly to dissipate heat for the heat transfer medium.

37. The energy storage device according to claim 36, characterized in that The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature controller are provided with blocking joints, and the blocking joints can block the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller.

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