Direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection devices, in particular to a direct lightning protection structure for a photovoltaic energy storage battery, which comprises a lightning protection net used for covering the energy storage battery, the lightning protection net is a halfpace-shaped net cover with an opening in the bottom wall, a first ground net is embedded and connected under the ground of the lightning protection net, and a second ground net is embedded and connected under the ground of the energy storage battery. The height difference S1 between the lightning protection net and the energy storage battery meets the following formula: S1 is greater than or equal to 0.3 Ri + 0.18 H, the distance S2 between the first ground net and the second ground net meets the following formula: S2 is greater than or equal to 0.5 Ri, Ri represents the grounding resistance of the lightning protection net, and H represents the buried depth of the first ground net. According to the utility model, the energy storage body can be protected in all directions, and the direct lightning protection effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection devices, and particularly relates to a direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries. Background Technique

[0002] Photovoltaic energy storage refers to the process and technology of using the electric energy generated by a photovoltaic power generation system and combining energy storage technology to store the excess electric energy for emergencies. This system combines two major technologies: photovoltaic power generation and battery energy storage, aiming to solve the problem of the volatility of solar power generation, enabling the electric energy to be used when the light is insufficient or when there is a higher demand for electric energy.

[0003] Currently, photovoltaic power generation depends on sunlight irradiation and needs to be established in a place with a certain height and where sunlight is not easily blocked. Due to the huge structure of photovoltaic energy storage batteries and their high position without obstruction, they are very vulnerable to lightning strikes. In view of this, some photovoltaic power plants use lightning rods to release charges during thunderstorm weather, form an electric field, attract lightning, and lead the lightning to the ground, and safely release the charges through the grounding system. Although this to a certain extent avoids the harm of lightning strikes to photovoltaic energy storage batteries, on the one hand, because the charges stored in the photovoltaic energy storage batteries have a strong lightning attracting effect on the lightning leader, it will overcome the lightning attracting effect of the lightning rod, thereby reducing the lightning receiving probability of the lightning rod for the lightning leader; on the other hand, because most photovoltaic energy storage devices are located in places with a high height and no obstruction such as the top of a slope, the wind force is very strong, making the lightning leader easily affected by the wind direction, resulting in the failure of the lightning rod to receive lightning.

[0004] In view of the problem of the low lightning receiving probability of using lightning rods to protect photovoltaic energy storage batteries as described above, it is necessary to provide a direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries, which can provide comprehensive protection for the energy storage batteries and improve the direct lightning protection effect.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries, including a lightning protection net for covering the energy storage battery. The lightning protection net is a net cover in the shape of a frustum of a pyramid with an open bottom wall. The lightning protection net is buried underground and connected to a first ground grid, and the energy storage battery is buried underground and connected to a second ground grid; the height difference S1 between the lightning protection net and the energy storage battery satisfies the following formula: S1≥0.3R i +0.18H, and the distance S2 between the first ground grid and the second ground grid satisfies the following formula: S2≥0.5Ri , where R i represents the lightning protection network, and H represents the buried depth of the first ground grid.

[0008] As an alternative solution, the top wall area of the lightning protection network is at least 1.5 times the upper surface area of the energy storage battery.

[0009] As an alternative solution, the lightning protection network is in the shape of a regular trapezoidal prism, and the angle between the side surface of the lightning protection network and the horizontal plane is less than 45 degrees.

[0010] As an alternative solution, the bottom edge of the lightning protection network is provided with a support edge that is turned outwards.

[0011] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present utility model will have the following beneficial effects:

[0012] A direct lightning strike protection structure for a photovoltaic energy storage battery provided by the present utility model, by setting the lightning protection network in the shape of a trapezoid with an open bottom wall, makes the lightning protection network not only have good structural strength, but also is conducive to electric field concentration and current dispersion; setting the lightning protection network as a mesh structure helps to evenly guide the lightning current into the first ground grid, and since the lightning protection network can cover the area where the energy storage battery is located, a protection layer can be formed to provide comprehensive protection for the energy storage battery. In addition, by setting the height difference S1 between the lightning protection network and the energy storage battery to satisfy the formula S1≥0.3R i +0.18H, to prevent the lightning current from breaking through the air between the height difference S1 of the lightning protection network and the energy storage battery, and at the same time setting the distance S2 between the first ground grid and the second ground grid to satisfy the formula S2≥0.5R i , to prevent the lightning current from breaking through the soil between the distance S2 of the first ground grid and the second ground grid, thereby improving the direct lightning strike protection effect.

[0013] Compared with the prior art that uses lightning rods to protect photovoltaic energy storage batteries, the lightning protection network of the present utility model does not rely on attracting lightning for lightning protection and has a wide coverage range, so it is not easily affected by the strong lightning attraction effect of photovoltaic energy storage batteries and the strong wind direction of the photovoltaic electric field. At the same time, the lightning protection network satisfies the above two formulas S1≥0.3R i +0.18H, S2≥0.5R i in terms of size, so the direct lightning strike protection effect is not weaker than that of lightning rods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the direct lightning strike protection structure for a photovoltaic energy storage battery in the use state according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a top view of the direct lightning strike protection structure for the photovoltaic energy storage battery described above.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1, lightning protection net; 2, energy storage battery; 31, first ground net; 32, second ground net; 4, support edge. Specific embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, in an embodiment of a direct lightning strike protection structure for a photovoltaic energy storage battery provided by the present utility model, the direct lightning strike protection structure for the photovoltaic energy storage battery includes a lightning protection net 1 that can cover the entire energy storage battery 2. The lightning protection net 1 can be made of a metal material with excellent electrical conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, and these materials can effectively conduct electricity and withstand lightning strikes. Through its own conductive materials and structure, the lightning protection net 1 safely guides the lightning current to the ground, thereby dispersing and eliminating lightning energy.

[0022] Specifically, the lightning protection net 1 can be set as a net cover in the shape of a trapezoid with an open bottom wall. The underground of the lightning protection net 1 is buried and connected to a first ground network 31, and the underground of the energy storage battery 2 is buried and connected to a second ground network 32. The trapezoidal-shaped lightning protection net 1 not only has good structural strength, but also the upper part is small and the lower part is large, which is conducive to electric field concentration and current dispersion; the mesh-shaped lightning protection net 1 helps to evenly guide the lightning current into the first ground network 31, thereby preventing damage to the energy storage battery 2 caused by lightning.

[0023] First of all, the lightning protection net 1 in this embodiment is mainly used for the protection of 150ka direct lightning strikes. The height difference S1 between the lightning protection net 1 and the energy storage battery 2 satisfies the following formula: S1 ≥ 0.3R i + 0.18H, and the derivation process is as follows:

[0024] (1) Lightning strike voltage calculation

[0025] According to the existing calculation formula, it can be obtained that the initial ground voltage of the lightning current with an amplitude of 150ka at the lightning strike point is U1 = R i Imax + LoHdi / dt (kv)

[0026] Among them, the variable R i is the grounding resistance of the lightning protection net 1; the constant Imax is the lightning current amplitude (150ka); the constant Lo is the equivalent inductance per unit length of the lightning protection net 1, which is 1.55 μH / m; the variable H is the buried depth of the first ground network 31; the constant di / dt = 150ka / 2.6 μs = 57.7ka / μs is the maximum steepness of the lightning current amplitude (150ka);

[0027] (2) Air critical breakdown voltage calculation

[0028] According to the existing technology, it can be known that the average breakdown field strength of air E1 = 500kv / m. Therefore, from the electric field strength calculation formula, the air critical breakdown voltage of the height difference S1 between the lightning protection net 1 and the energy storage battery 2 is S1

[0029] (3) Air critical breakdown height difference calculation

[0030] To prevent the lightning current from breaking down the air between the height difference S1 of the lightning protection network 1 and the energy storage battery 2 and damaging the energy storage battery 2, the critical breakdown voltage of the air should be greater than or equal to the actual lightning strike voltage, that is, S1E1 ≥ U1. From this, through calculation, it can be obtained that: the height difference S1 between the lightning protection network 1 and the energy storage battery 2 is S1 ≥ U1 / E1 = 0.3R i +0.18H

[0031] Secondly, the distance S2 between the first ground grid 31 and the second ground grid 32 satisfies the following formula: S2 ≥ 0.5R i , and the derivation process is as follows:

[0032] (1) Lightning strike voltage calculation

[0033] The voltage drop U2 generated by a lightning current with an amplitude of 150 ka between the first ground grid 31 and the second ground grid 32 is U2 = R i Imax; where the variable R i is the grounding resistance of the lightning protection network 1; the constant Imax is the amplitude of the lightning current (150 ka);

[0034] (2) Soil critical breakdown voltage calculation

[0035] According to the existing technology, it can be known that the average breakdown field strength of the soil E2 = 300 kv / m. Therefore, from the electric field strength calculation formula, the soil critical breakdown voltage of the distance S2 between the first ground grid 31 and the second ground grid 32 is S2E2

[0036] (3) Calculation of the soil critical breakdown distance

[0037] To prevent the lightning current from breaking down the soil between the distance S2 of the first ground grid 31 and the second ground grid 32 and damaging the energy storage battery 2, the soil critical breakdown voltage should be greater than or equal to the actual lightning strike voltage, that is, S2E2 ≥ U2. From this, through calculation, it can be obtained that: S2 ≥ 0.5R i

[0038] In this embodiment, the lightning protection network 1 can completely cover the area where the energy storage battery 2 is located, forming a protective layer, and guiding the lightning to the ground through the conductive material to disperse the lightning energy, thereby providing comprehensive protection for the energy storage battery 2. The lightning rod, through the design of its tip, can release charges in thunderstorm weather, form an electric field, attract lightning and guide the lightning to the ground, and safely release the charges through the grounding system to reduce the lightning strike hazard.

[0039] Thus, the lightning rod is designed to attract lightning, guide it to the ground, and reduce the damage caused by lightning strikes to buildings or equipment. If it is applied to the energy storage battery 2 of photovoltaic power generation, it is likely to be affected by the strong lightning attraction of the energy storage battery 2 and the strong wind direction of the photovoltaic electric field, resulting in a reduced lightning receiving probability. The main purpose of the lightning protection net 1 in this embodiment is to guide and disperse the current. Since the lightning protection net 1 does not rely on attracting lightning for lightning protection and has a wide coverage area, it is not easily affected by the strong lightning attraction of the photovoltaic energy storage battery 2 and the strong wind direction of the photovoltaic electric field. At the same time, since the lightning protection net 1 meets the above two formulas S1≥0.3R i +0.18H, S2≥0.5R i in terms of size, it is not inferior to the lightning rod in the protection effect against direct lightning strikes.

[0040] It should be noted that if the top wall area of the lightning protection net 1 is too small, the energy storage battery 2 cannot be protected. Therefore, the top wall area of the lightning protection net 1 can be set to at least 1.5 times the upper surface area of the energy storage battery 2.

[0041] Specifically, the lightning protection net 1 can be set in the shape of a regular trapezoid platform, and the angle between the side surface of the lightning protection net 1 and the horizontal plane can be set to be slightly less than 45 degrees. In this way, while ensuring the current dispersion ability of the lightning protection net 1, the ground space occupied by the lightning protection net 1 can be saved.

[0042] On this basis, a support edge 4 that turns outward can be provided at the bottom edge of the lightning protection net 1. The support edge 4 is preferably in contact with the ground, which increases the contact area between the lightning protection net 1 and the ground, thereby improving the overall structural stability of the lightning protection net 1. In addition, the support edge 4 can be set in a frame shape, and a flexible material can be filled between the outer side of the support edge 4 and the bottom edge of the lightning protection net 1, so that the lightning protection net 1 can adapt to different terrains.

[0043] The above embodiments only represent several implementation modes of the present utility model. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lightning protection net (1) for covering an energy storage battery (2), wherein the lightning protection net (1) is a mesh cover in the shape of a terrace with an opening on the bottom wall, the lightning protection net (1) is buried underground and connected to a first grounding network (31), and the energy storage battery (2) is buried underground and connected to a second grounding network (32); the height difference S1 between the lightning protection net (1) and the energy storage battery (2) satisfies the following formula: S1≥0.3R i +0.18H, the distance S2 between the first ground grid (31) and the second ground grid (32) satisfies the following formula: S2 ≥ 0.5R i , where R i represents the grounding resistance of the lightning protection network (1), and H represents the buried depth of the first grounding network (31).

2. A direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top wall area of ​​the lightning protection net (1) is at least 1.5 times the upper surface area of ​​the energy storage battery (2).

3. A direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning protection net (1) is in the shape of a right step platform, and the angle between the side surface of the lightning protection net (1) and the horizontal plane is less than 45 degrees.

4. A direct lightning protection structure for photovoltaic energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the lightning protection net (1) is provided with a supporting edge (4) folded outwards.

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