Soft soil stratum subway shield tunnel segment floating adjusting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a soft soil stratum subway shield tunnel segment floating adjusting device, which relates to the field of tunnel segment installation, and comprises a grouting assembly and a plurality of adjusting assemblies respectively connected with segments on the inner wall of a tunnel, each adjusting assembly comprises a grouting soil nail and an air bag unit, the outer end of each grouting soil nail is inserted into a tunnel soil body, and the air bag units are connected with the grouting soil nails. The inner ends of the air bag units are connected with the air bag units, the air bag units are connected between the outer walls of the segments and the inner wall of the tunnel, and air inlet and outlet pipes used for inflating and deflating inner cavities of the air bag units to adjust the radial positions of the segments are arranged on the air bag units; a grout outlet pipe of the grouting assembly can be connected to the grouting holes correspondingly, and grout is injected into a tunnel soil body from grout outlets of the grouting soil nails. The soft soil stratum subway shield tunnel duct piece floating adjusting device can effectively limit floating of all annular duct pieces on the inner wall of a tunnel, and is easy to install and convenient to adjust and operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of subway shield construction. Specifically, it relates to a floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil strata, which is applicable to the anti-floating treatment of each ring of segments during subway tunnel construction. Background Technique

[0002] During tunnel shield construction, the floating of segments is caused by multiple factors. On the one hand, groundwater, grouting slurry, mud, etc. wrap the segments and generate upward buoyancy. When the upward buoyancy is greater than the self-weight of the segments and the overburden load, etc., the segments will float locally. On the other hand, the dynamic upward buoyancy generated by shield grouting construction causes the segments to float; at the same time, during construction, the segments of the shield are subjected to the pressure of the jacking jacks, resulting in a longitudinal eccentric load, which causes the segments to bend upward longitudinally; and during the tunneling of slurry shield, when a large cutting water pressure is used, it may cause the shield tail to lift, and then drive the nearby segments to float; in addition, the foundation rebound effect caused by tunnel unloading and the reverse compression of the overlying soil layer may also cause local or overall floating of the shield tunnel segments. The main hazards brought by the floating of segments are: 1) The misalignment between shield segments, the shear of longitudinal connection bolts, and the cracks in the segments affect the structural safety; 2) It directly affects the axis deviation of the formed tunnel and causes the lining structure to intrude into the tunnel construction limit.

[0003] At present, for the control of segment floating, mostly quick-setting slurry grouting, strengthening measurement and monitoring frequency are adopted; the shield attitude is adjusted in time, and the axis is appropriately lowered for tunneling. The existing measures cannot adjust and position the segment position, nor can they limit the deformation of the external soil body, and the anti-floating treatment in case of emergency is not considered. Therefore, the existing devices have the following problems and deficiencies: 1) There are differences in the floating amounts of each ring of segments, and the positions of each ring of segment blocks cannot be adjusted and positioned according to the actual situation; 2) During construction, due to the foundation rebound effect caused by tunnel excavation and unloading and the reverse compression of the overlying soil layer, the deformation of the external soil body cannot be restricted; 3) It is difficult to grout the segments above the horizontal central axis, so rapid grouting at any angle cannot be carried out. Therefore, in order to effectively limit the floating of each ring of segments, it is very necessary to develop an adjustment device for the floating of subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil strata. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] To overcome at least one defect in the above prior art, the utility model provides a floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil strata, which can effectively limit the floating of each ring of segments on the inner wall of the tunnel, and is easy to install and convenient to adjust and operate.

[0005] The utility model provides a floating adjustment device for segments of a subway shield tunnel in soft soil strata, which comprises a grouting assembly and a plurality of adjustment assemblies respectively connected to each segment on the inner wall of the tunnel. The adjustment assembly comprises a grouting soil nail and an airbag unit. The outer end of the grouting soil nail is inserted into the tunnel soil mass, and the inner end is connected to the airbag unit. Each airbag unit is connected between the outer wall of each segment and the inner wall of the tunnel, and an air inlet and outlet pipe for inflating and deflating the inner cavity thereof to realize the radial position adjustment of the segment is arranged on the airbag unit. The slurry outlet pipe of the grouting assembly can rotate circumferentially along the tunnel to be respectively connected to each grouting hole, so as to inject slurry into the tunnel soil mass from the slurry outlet of the grouting soil nail.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the floating adjustment device for segments of a subway shield tunnel in soft soil strata of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0007] 1) The positions of each ring of segments can be easily adjusted and positioned through the airbag unit, effectively restricting the floating of each ring of segments and reducing the stagger between segments; 2) The grouting assembly is used to grout into the tunnel soil mass through the grouting soil nails to reinforce the external soil mass and restrict the deformation of the soil mass; 3) The grouting pipe on the grouting assembly can rotate circumferentially, so that the grouting holes on the segments at any angle in the tunnel can be quickly grouted; 4) Easy to install, convenient to operate, low maintenance cost and short maintenance period.

[0008] Further, the airbag unit comprises an airbag body, a base and a top cover. The inner wall of the base is connected to the segment. First baffles extending radially along the circumferences of the outer walls of the base are arranged around the outer wall of the base. Second baffles extending radially along the circumferences of the inner walls of the top cover are arranged around the inner wall of the top cover, and each of the second baffles is respectively slidably matched outside each of the first baffles to form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the airbag body. A channel for the grouting soil nail to pass through is arranged on the airbag body, and the inner end of the grouting soil nail is connected to the base.

[0009] As an improvement, a hollow connecting pipe is arranged in the grouting hole of each segment. The outer end of the hollow connecting pipe is connected to the base, and the inner cavity of the hollow connecting pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the grouting soil nail. A segment fixing plate is connected to the inner end of the hollow connecting pipe, and the segment fixing plate abuts against and limits the inner wall of the segment. The slurry outlet pipe of the grouting assembly can be respectively connected to the inner ends of each hollow connecting pipe.

[0010] In a further improvement, a circumferentially communicating avoidance channel is concavely arranged on the inner wall of the grouting hole. The outer end of the air inlet and outlet pipe passes through the avoidance channel and is connected to the airbag body. A pressure gauge and a control valve are connected to the inner end of the air inlet and outlet pipe.

[0011] Further improved, a displacement sensor for detecting the relative displacement between the top cover and the base is also disposed in the avoidance passage for feeding back the inflation degree of the airbag body.

[0012] Further improved, a plurality of slurry outlets are formed in the outer peripheral wall of one end of the grouting soil nail close to the tunnel soil body, a telescopic soil nail is connected to each of the slurry outlets, and a slurry spraying hole is formed in the outer wall of each of the telescopic soil nails; the pressure of the slurry can drive each of the telescopic soil nails to fully extend, and the slurry enters the tunnel soil body from the slurry spraying hole.

[0013] Still further, the grouting assembly includes a base, a bracket and a slide rail extending along the length direction of the tunnel. The base is slidably fitted on the slide rail, and a slurry storage tank is disposed on the base. The bracket is vertically connected to the base. The slurry outlet pipe is rotatably connected to the bracket along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. A slurry conveying hose is connected between the inlet of the slurry outlet pipe and the slurry storage tank, and a slurry pump connected between the slurry conveying hose and the slurry outlet pipe is disposed on the bracket.

[0014] Further improved, the upper end of the bracket is rotatably connected with a fixing plate, the slurry pump is slidably connected to the fixing plate, the slurry outlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the slurry pump, and one end of the slurry conveying hose far from the slurry storage tank is connected to the inlet of the slurry pump.

[0015] Other improved features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specific embodiments, and some of them will become obvious from the description or can be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the description and the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a practical state structure diagram of the floating adjustment device for the segment of the subway shield tunnel in soft soil strata according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the adjustment assembly and the segment in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a half-sectional structure diagram of the telescopic soil nail in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged structure diagram at X in

[0020] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0021] 1. Segment; 2. Grouting soil nail; 3. Air inlet and outlet pipe; 4. Airbag body; 5. Base; 6. Top cover; 7. First baffle; 8. Second baffle; 9. Hollow connecting pipe; 10. Segment fixing plate; 11. Avoidance channel; 12. Pressure gauge; 13. Control valve; 14. Telescopic soil nail; 15. Glue spraying hole; 16. Base; 17. Bracket; 18. Slide rail; 19. Slurry storage tank; 20. Slurry delivery hose; 21. Slurry pump; 22. Fixing plate; 23. Damping rotating shaft; 24. Grout outlet pipe; 25. Tunnel soil mass; 26. Pipe body; 27. Limit step; 28. Drill bit. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] First of all, those skilled in the art should understand that these implementation manners are only used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to needs to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "fixed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] The shield tunnel of Line 8 of the subway in a certain city is in a silty soil layer. In order to position the segments and reduce the impact of segment floating on the safety of the subway shield tunnel, the segment floating adjustment device for the soft soil layer subway shield tunnel provided by the present invention is used to limit the floating. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the shield body tail of the shield machine is 6340 mm, the outer diameter of the segment is 6200 mm, the thickness of the shield shell is 50 mm, and the thickness of the segment is 350 mm.

[0025] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 4 the embodiments of the present application disclose a segment floating adjustment device for a soft soil layer subway shield tunnel, which includes a grouting assembly and a plurality of adjustment assemblies respectively connected to each segment 1 on the inner wall of the tunnel. The adjustment assembly includes a grouting soil nail 2 and an airbag unit. The outer end of the grouting soil nail 2 is inserted into the tunnel soil mass 25, and the inner end is connected to the airbag unit. Each airbag unit is connected between the outer wall of each segment 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel, and an air inlet and outlet pipe 3 for inflating and deflating its inner cavity to realize the radial position adjustment of the segment 1 is arranged on the airbag unit; the grout outlet pipe 24 of the grouting assembly can rotate circumferentially along the tunnel to be respectively connected to each of the grouting holes, so as to inject the slurry from the grout outlet of the grouting soil nail 2 into the tunnel soil mass 25 to realize soil reinforcement.

[0026] In this embodiment, eight segments 1 are evenly distributed and connected circumferentially on the inner wall of the tunnel. Each segment 1 is connected with an adjusting component. And each connecting component is pre-assembled with the segment 1 before the segment 1 is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel. When installing, the segments 1 are smoothly assembled from bottom to top. That is, first install the bottom segment 1 at the bottommost position of the tunnel, then install the adjacent segments 1 on both sides of the bottom segment 1, install upwards from both sides in turn, and finally install the top segment 1 on the top wall of the tunnel. And each adjacent segment 1 is connected and fixed through a special fastening structure, that is, after the installation of the first ring of segments 1, the segments 1 are connected into an integral annular structure. Then, the subsequent segment 1 structures are installed sequentially along the length direction of the tunnel. The adjusting component involved in this embodiment is mainly to ensure that the subsequent installed segment 1 structures can be flush with the inner wall of the segment 1 installed in the previous ring, and there is no misalignment floating step between them. Moreover, when adjusting the segments 1 in the subsequent ring, the radial position of the whole circle of segments 1 is adjusted.

[0027] More specifically, the airbag unit involved in this embodiment includes an airbag body 4, a base 5 and a top cover 6. The inner wall of the base 5 is connected with the segment 1. First baffles 7 extending radially along the circumference are provided on the outer wall of the base 5. Second baffles 8 extending radially along the circumference are provided on the inner wall of the top cover 6. And each second baffle 8 is respectively slidably fitted outside each first baffle 7 to form a receiving cavity for receiving the airbag body 4. A channel for the grouting soil nail 2 to pass through is provided on the airbag body 4. The inner end of the grouting soil nail 2 passes through the channel and is connected to the base 5. In this structure, the distance between the top cover 6 and the base 5 forming the receiving cavity is adjustable. Since the top cover 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel. For example, when it is necessary to vertically adjust the whole ring of segments 1 downward, the airbag body 4 outside the top segment 1 can be inflated. The inflation of the airbag body 4 will push the base 5 to drive the top segment 1 to move downward. At the same time, the airbag body 4 outside the bottom segment 1 can be deflated. Because in this structure, when each segment 1 is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel, each airbag body 4 is in an inflated state, which is for the convenience of subsequent adjustment of the segments 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the connection between the base 5 and the segment 1 means that a hollow connecting pipe 9 is inserted into the grouting hole of each segment 1. The outer end of the hollow connecting pipe 9 is connected to the base 5, mainly by screw connection here; and the inner cavity of the hollow connecting pipe 9 is communicated with the inner cavity of the grouting soil nail 2; a segment fixing plate 22 is connected to the inner end of the hollow connecting pipe 9, and the segment fixing plate 22 abuts against and limits the inner wall of the segment 1; the slurry outlet pipe 24 of the grouting assembly can be respectively connected to the inner ends of the respective hollow connecting pipes 9. More specifically, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the inner end of the hollow connecting pipe 9, and a communication hole is provided on the segment fixing plate 22. During installation, first pass the outer end of the hollow connecting pipe 9 through the grouting hole and connect it to the base 5, then sleeved the segment fixing plate 22 outside the hollow connecting pipe 9 through the communication hole, and finally cooperate with a locking nut outside the inner end of the hollow connecting pipe 9 to drive the segment fixing plate 22 to abut against and limit the inner wall of the segment 1.

[0029] In addition, in the above structure, in order to facilitate the connection of the air inlet and outlet pipe 3, a circumferentially communicating avoidance channel 11 is concavely provided on the inner wall of the grouting hole. The outer end of the air inlet and outlet pipe 3 passes through the avoidance channel 11 and is connected to the airbag body 4; a pressure gauge 12 and a control valve 13 are connected to the inner end of the air inlet and outlet pipe 3, which can monitor the air pressure in the airbag body 4 in real time and easily control the inflation and deflation conditions. And, in this structure, an avoidance hole is provided on the segment fixing plate 22 for the inner end of the air inlet and outlet pipe 3 to pass through, solving the interference problem between adjacent components; the pressure gauge 12 and the control valve 13 here can be installed later, that is, installed after the inner end of the air inlet and outlet pipe 3 passes through the segment fixing plate 22.

[0030] Furthermore, a displacement sensor for detecting the relative displacement between the segment 1 and the tunnel wall is also inserted in the avoidance channel 11. After a ring of segments 1 is assembled, the airbag bodies 4 between each segment 1 and the tunnel wall are inflated, driving the segments 1 to tend to the center position of the tunnel, and the displacement between each segment 1 and the tunnel wall can be reflected by the respective sensors, so as to be used as a reference for installing the next ring of segments 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, in order to further enhance the strength of the connection structure between each segment 1 and the tunnel inner wall, a plurality of slurry outlet openings are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the grouting soil nail 2 near the tunnel soil mass 25. Each slurry outlet opening is connected with a telescopic soil nail 14, and spray holes are provided on the outer wall of each telescopic soil nail 14; the pressure of the slurry can drive each telescopic soil nail 14 to fully extend, and the slurry enters the tunnel soil mass 25 from the spray holes. The connection between each segment 1 and the tunnel soil mass 25 is combined by a radially arranged grouting soil nail 2 and a plurality of telescopic soil nails 14 perpendicular to the grouting soil nail 2, which can effectively enhance the connection strength between the segment 1 and the convex platform.

[0032] In this structure, the telescopic soil nail 14 structure includes pipe bodies 26 with different diameters. Spray holes are provided on the outer walls of the respective pipe bodies 26. Specifically, it means that the diameters of the multiple pipe bodies 26 gradually decrease along the direction away from the grouting soil nail 2, and the latter pipe body 26 can retract and be received in the inner cavity of the previous pipe body 26; in the initial stage, the multiple pipe bodies 26 are all received in the inner cavity of the grouting soil nail 2. When the slurry in the grouting assembly enters the grouting soil nail 2, due to no other redundant outlets, a relatively large pressure is formed in its inner cavity, and the slurry pressure will push each telescopic soil nail 14 to expand. As the telescopic soil nail 14 expands, the slurry slowly enters the soil from the spray holes 15 on the outer wall of the pipe body 26. Refer to the appendix Figure 4 As can be seen, a limiting step 27 is provided between the inner wall of the latter pipe body 26 and the previous pipe body 26 to prevent them from separating from each other. In this embodiment, in order to enable the grouting soil nail 2 and the telescopic soil nail 14 to penetrate into the soil more easily, drill bits are connected to their front ends. 28

[0033] On the other hand, the grouting assembly includes a base 16, a bracket 17, and a slide rail 18 extending along the length direction of the tunnel. The base 16 is slidably fitted on the slide rail 18 through pulleys, and a slurry storage tank 19 is provided on the base 16. The bracket 17 is vertically connected to the base 16. The slurry outlet pipe 24 is rotatably connected to the bracket 17 along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. A slurry conveying hose 20 is connected between the inlet of the slurry outlet pipe 24 and the slurry storage tank 19, and a slurry pump 21 is provided on the bracket 17 and connected between the slurry conveying hose 20 and the slurry outlet pipe 24. The slurry pump 21 is used to pump the slurry in the slurry storage tank 19 into the tunnel soil 25 to achieve soil reinforcement.

[0034] More specifically, in the above structure, the upper end of the bracket 17 is rotatably connected with a fixing plate 22. A damping rotating shaft 23 is connected to the top of the bracket 17. The lower end of the fixing plate 22 is rotatably connected to the bracket 17 through the damping rotating shaft 23. The slurry pump 21 is slidably connected to the fixing plate 22. The slurry outlet pipe 24 is connected to the outlet of the slurry pump 21. The end of the slurry conveying hose 20 far from the slurry storage tank 19 is connected to the inlet of the slurry pump 21. In this structure, since during grouting, the slurry pump 21 together with the slurry outlet pipe 24 needs to move radially outward until the slurry outlet pipe 24 communicates with the hollow connecting pipe 9, the length of the slurry conveying hose 20 needs to ensure that the slurry pump 21 and the slurry outlet pipe 24 can expand and contract normally. By circumferentially rotating the fixing plate 22 and the expansion and contraction of the slurry outlet pipe 24, grouting can be achieved by connecting to the hollow connecting pipe 9 on each segment 1 one by one.

[0035] The operation steps of the floating adjustment device for the segment 1 of the soft soil layer subway shield tunnel of the present application are as follows:

[0036] Pre-assemble the adjusting component and each segment 1 together through a hollow connecting pipe 9, a segment fixing plate 22, etc., and then connect a pressure gauge 12 and a control valve 13 to the air inlet and outlet pipe 3, and install a displacement sensor in the avoidance passage;

[0037] Meanwhile, the grouting component is assembled, and grout is added to the grout storage tank;

[0038] 2. Stick the assembled segments 1 against the inner wall of the tunnel and assemble them in a bottom-up order to form the installation of a ring of segments 1. Specifically, it means installing the bottommost segment 1 first, then installing the corresponding adjacent segments 1 on both sides of it, and finally installing the top segment 1; and after installation, the airbag body 4 between each segment 1 and the tunnel wall is in an inflated state, driving the position of the entire first ring of segments 1 to be accurate, and the data of each displacement sensor can reflect the displacement of each segment 1 relative to the tunnel wall;

[0039] 3. Start the grouting component and grout the grouting soil nails 2 between each segment 1 and the tunnel wall in a top-down order to achieve soil reinforcement, and use a shield machine to reinforce the remaining positions between the outer wall of the segment 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0040] 4. Grout into each airbag body 4 in a top-down order to complete the grout filling of each airbag space, and close the control valve 13;

[0041] 5. Repeat steps 2, 3, and 4 to complete the assembly of the next ring of segments 1 and soil reinforcement; during the installation process, the displacement of each segment 1 of the next ring relative to the tunnel can refer to the data of the sensors located in each segment 1 of the previous ring, and then continuously adjust the air pressure in each airbag body 4 until there is no dislocation between the two adjacent rings of segments 1, and then close the valve; perform grouting reinforcement.

[0042] In the description of the present application, the descriptions referring to terms such as "this embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mean that the specific features, mechanisms, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, mechanisms, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A floating adjustment device for a subway shield tunnel segment in a soft soil layer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grouting assembly and a plurality of adjustment assemblies respectively connected to each pipe segment (1) on the inner wall of a tunnel, wherein the adjustment assembly comprises a grouting soil nail (2) and an air bag unit, wherein the outer end of the grouting soil nail (2) is inserted into the tunnel soil (25), and the inner end is connected to the air bag unit, wherein each air bag unit is connected between the outer wall of each pipe segment (1) and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the air bag unit is provided with an air inlet and outlet pipe (3) for inflating and deflating its inner cavity to achieve radial position adjustment of the pipe segment (1); each pipe segment (1) is provided with a grouting hole penetrating along the radial direction thereof, and the grouting outlet pipe (24) of the grouting assembly can rotate along the circumference of the tunnel to be respectively connected to each grouting hole, so that the slurry is injected from the grouting outlet of the grouting soil nail (2) into the tunnel soil (25).

2. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The airbag unit comprises an airbag body (4), a base (5) and a top cover (6); the inner wall of the base (5) is connected to the tube sheet (1); the outer wall of the base (5) is provided with a first baffle (7) extending radially thereof on all sides; the inner wall of the top cover (6) is provided with a second baffle (8) extending radially thereof on all sides; and each of the second baffles (8) is slidably fitted on the outside of each of the first baffles (7) to form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the airbag body (4); the airbag body (4) is provided with a channel for the grouting soil nail (2) to pass through, and the inner end of the grouting soil nail (2) is connected to the base (5) through the channel.

3. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A hollow connecting pipe (9) is inserted into the grouting hole of each pipe segment (1); the outer end of the hollow connecting pipe (9) is connected to the base (5), and the inner cavity of the hollow connecting pipe (9) is communicated with the inner cavity of the grouting soil nail (2); the inner end of the hollow connecting pipe (9) is connected to a pipe segment fixing plate (22), and the pipe segment fixing plate (22) is abutted against the inner wall of the pipe segment (1) for limiting position; the grouting pipe (24) of the grouting assembly can be connected to the inner end of each hollow connecting pipe (9) respectively.

4. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An escape channel (11) is concavely arranged on the inner wall of the grouting hole and is connected along its circumferential direction; the outer ends of the air inlet and outlet pipes (3) pass through the escape channel (11) and are connected to the airbag body (4); the inner ends of the air inlet and outlet pipes (3) are connected to a pressure gauge (12) and a control valve (13).

5. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The avoidance channel (11) is also provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the relative displacement between the pipe segment (1) and the tunnel wall.

6. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of grouting outlets are provided on the outer peripheral wall of one end of the grouting soil nail (2) close to the tunnel soil (25), each of the grouting outlets is connected to a telescopic soil nail (14), and a grouting hole is provided on the outer wall of each telescopic soil nail (14); the pressure of the grouting liquid can drive each telescopic soil nail (14) to fully extend, so that the grouting liquid enters the tunnel soil (25) from the grouting hole.

7. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The grouting assembly comprises a base (16), a bracket (17) and a slide rail (18) extending along the length direction of the tunnel; the base (16) is slidably fitted on the slide rail (18), and a slurry storage box (19) is provided on the base (16); the bracket (17) is vertically connected to the base (16); the slurry outlet pipe (24) is rotatably connected to the bracket (17) along the circumference of the tunnel; a slurry delivery hose (20) is connected between the inlet of the slurry outlet pipe (24) and the slurry storage box (19), and a slurry pump (21) connected between the slurry delivery hose (20) and the slurry outlet pipe (24) is provided on the bracket (17).

8. The floating adjustment device for subway shield tunnel segments in soft soil according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The upper end of the bracket (17) is rotatably connected to a fixed plate (22), the slurry pump (21) is slidably connected to the fixed plate (22), the slurry outlet pipe (24) is connected to the outlet of the slurry pump (21), and the end of the slurry delivery hose (20) away from the slurry storage box (19) is connected to the inlet of the slurry pump (21).

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