Protection structure for preventing water seepage and water accumulation of ancient tomb

Abstract

The utility model relates to a protection structure for preventing water seepage and water accumulation of an ancient tomb, which comprises a first component and a second component, a drainage structure is arranged on the side wall of the first component; the second member is configured above the first member and has an extension height in a vertical direction. The coffin chamber has water interception and drainage functions, and can effectively solve the problems that local underground runoff locally forms upper-layer stagnant water and the underground water level rises to cause water accumulation and water seepage of the coffin chamber; moreover, the original shape of the tomb ruin body is not changed, the structure, shape and layout of the Jingling ruin are not damaged or interfered, the authenticity and integrity of the ruin environment and state are kept, and the original drainage effect of the ancient tomb is not influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ancient tomb protection, and particularly relates to a protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs. Background Art

[0002] As a precious heritage of human history and culture, ancient tombs carry rich historical information and cultural connotations. However, due to the complex and changeable underground environment, ancient tombs are often threatened by the diseases of seepage and waterlogging, which not only affect the structural stability of ancient tombs, but also pose a serious threat to the preservation of cultural relics in ancient tombs. Therefore, it is particularly important to research and develop an effective treatment structure for the diseases of seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs.

[0003] If the groundwater level in the area where the tomb chamber is located is relatively high or local perched water is formed, exceeding the original drainage capacity of the ancient tomb, then groundwater is likely to penetrate into the tomb chamber, resulting in seepage and waterlogging. In the prior art, simple water interception or drainage methods cannot effectively solve the problems of perched water formed by local underground runoff locally and the waterlogging caused by the rise of the overall groundwater level flooding the tomb chamber.

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs, so as to effectively solve the problem of seepage in the tomb chamber of ancient tombs and form a long-term protection effect. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs, which can effectively prevent and control the damage of seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs by combining water interception and drainage methods.

[0006] The first aspect of the utility model discloses a protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs, including a first component and a second component. Among them, the first component is constructed underground and is arranged around the ancient tomb at a distance from the ancient tomb; the inside of the first component is hollow, so that the inside of the first component forms a tunnel; a drainage structure capable of guiding water bodies into the inside of the tunnel is arranged on the side wall of the first component facing the ancient tomb; the second component is connected and arranged on the top of the first component and has an extension height in the vertical direction; at least part of the second component is buried underground to block lateral underground water bodies.

[0007] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the utility model, both the first component and the second component are constructed as annular bodies.

[0008] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the utility model, a plurality of water collection parts are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first component, and the water collection bottom surface of the water collection part is lower than the bottom surface of the tunnel, so that the water bodies entering the tunnel can flow into the water collection part.

[0009] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the present utility model, a diversion groove for guiding water to the water collection part is arranged on the bottom surface of the tunnel, so that the water entering the tunnel is guided to the water collection part.

[0010] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the present utility model, the first component includes an inner wall body with a hollow interior forming the tunnel and a side wall anti-seepage layer arranged on the outer side of the inner wall body.

[0011] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the present utility model, support columns are arranged at specific intervals along the circumferential direction of the first component to form enhanced support for the side walls of the inner wall body of the first component.

[0012] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the present utility model, the drainage structure is a drainage window, and a plurality of drainage holes for draining water into the tunnel are arranged on the drainage window.

[0013] According to the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs disclosed by the present utility model, a filter layer is attached to the side of the drainage window facing away from the tunnel for filtering water.

[0014] Beneficial effects: In the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs provided by the present utility model, it has both water interception and drainage functions, and can effectively solve the problems of perched water formed locally by local groundwater runoff and water seepage and waterlogging in the tomb chamber caused by the rise of the overall groundwater level; moreover, the present utility model does not change the original state of the tomb site itself, does not damage or interfere with the structure, shape and layout of the Jingling site, maintains the authenticity and integrity of the site environment and state, and does not affect the original drainage function of the ancient tomb.

[0015] The following discloses in detail the protection structure for preventing seepage and waterlogging in ancient tombs and its construction method according to the present utility model in combination with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings and the reference numerals. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic cross-sectional view in the transverse direction of the first component in the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The sectional view taken along the A-A direction in

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view in the transverse direction at the position of the water collection part in the first component.

[0020] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The sectional view taken along the B-B direction in Detailed Embodiment

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0023] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the protection system of the present utility model is shown. In combination with Figure 1 As shown, the present utility model discloses a protection structure for preventing seepage and water accumulation in ancient tombs, which is mainly for protecting existing ancient tomb burials, especially the underground ancient tomb 1. In a preferred embodiment, the protection system of the present utility model is integrally constructed (or buried) underground to protect the ancient tomb 1 from the invasion of groundwater.

[0024] Specifically, it includes a first component 2 and a second component 3. The first component 2 is constructed underground and is arranged around the ancient tomb 1 at a distance from the ancient tomb 1. In a specific embodiment, the interior of the first component 2 is a hollow structure, which makes the interior of the first component 2 form a tunnel structure, so that the water body between the first component 2 and the ancient tomb 1 can be introduced into the tunnel through the drainage structure provided on the side wall, and then pumped to the ground through a pumping device and discharged.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the second component 3 is integrally constructed underground. It is located above the first component 2 and has an extension height in the vertical direction. Moreover, the overall shape of the second component 3 is adapted to that of the first component 2. As for the ring referred to in the present utility model, it can be a circular ring, a square ring, or a ring formed by other polygons, as long as it is arranged around the ancient tomb 1 outside the ancient tomb 1.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, both the first component and the second component are constructed as annular bodies. Among them, the first component presents as an annular protection body, and the second component presents as an annular water barrier wall.

[0027] In the present utility model, the second component 3 mainly functions as a water barrier to block the direct horizontal runoff of lateral groundwater. And, in other particularly preferred embodiments, the second component 3 is arranged on the center line of the tunnel of the first component, that is, the second component 3 extends along the vertical center line of the tunnel of the first component, so that it and the tunnel jointly form a suspended water barrier curtain wall, changing the direction of underground water flow and reducing the hydraulic gradient of the invading groundwater.

[0028] In the present utility model, the overall structure of the first member 2 can be made of reinforced concrete. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that it can also be constructed by a brick wall with waterproof facilities. Regarding the distance between the first member 2 and the ancient tomb 1, it can be selected and set based on the on-site conditions and terrain conditions of the ancient tomb 1. Under normal circumstances (at normal groundwater levels), this system does not operate and does not affect the original drainage function of the ancient tomb 1. When the surrounding lateral groundwater level rises (exceeding the perennial groundwater level) and reaches the preset minimum drainage elevation on the drainage window on the inner sidewall of the tunnel, groundwater flows into the drainage tunnel through the water outlet holes on the inner sidewall drainage window provided on the inner sidewall and is discharged through the drainage facilities.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, a plurality of water collection parts 4 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first member 2. The water collection bottom surface of the water collection part 4 is lower than the bottom surface of the tunnel, so that the water body entering the tunnel can flow into the water collection part 4. Among them, the water collection part 4 can be a water collection well 41, which is below the elevation of the bottom plate of the underground annular precipitation drainage tunnel. An automatic water pump 42 is installed in the water collection well 41, and the accumulated water is pumped out along the drainage pipe 43 through the pumping shaft 44.

[0030] In addition, the first member 2 includes an inner wall 21 with a hollow interior forming the tunnel and a sidewall anti-seepage layer 22 provided on the outer side of the inner wall 21. An inner sidewall drainage window 23 is provided above the average water level elevation that can be reached by the normal drainage of the inner sidewall tomb chamber, as a drainage structure, and drainage holes 24 are evenly opened thereon. The soil layer outside the area of the inner sidewall drainage window 23 is replaced with a filter layer 24 of gravel filter material, and the bottom elevation of the filter layer 24 is slightly lower than the bottom elevation of the inner sidewall drainage window 23.

[0031] A diversion groove 26 for guiding water to the water collection part 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of the tunnel, so that the water body entering the tunnel is guided to the water collection part 4.

[0032] Since the lateral pressure of the soil on the double walls of the annular precipitation drainage tunnel is relatively large, a vertical support column 27 is arranged on the sidewall at a certain safe distance along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel as a support to strengthen the sidewall. That is, along the circumferential direction of the first member, a support column 27 is arranged at a specific distance to form a strengthened support for the sidewall of the inner wall of the first member.

[0033] The system of the present utility model has the following advantages: 1. It combines the functions of water interception and drainage, and can effectively solve the problems of perched water formed locally by local groundwater runoff and waterlogging and seepage diseases in the tomb chamber caused by the rise of the overall groundwater level; 2. It does not change the original state of the burial site body, does not damage or interfere with the structure, shape and layout of the Jingling site, maintains the authenticity and integrity of the site environment and state, and does not affect the original drainage function of the ancient tomb 1.

[0034] The protection structure of the present utility model can be constructed by the following construction method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Construct the guiding shaft and carry out initial support.

[0036] S2. With the help of the guiding shaft, conduct full-face excavation underground to construct the first component, and reserve a receiving groove at the top of the first component.

[0037] S3. Excavate a trench on the ground surface to make the trench depth reach the top of the first component, then insert the core body 31 with a vibration isolation connection structure attached to the bottom into the receiving groove, and then carry out the construction of the concrete protective layer 32 to construct and form the second component 3.

[0038] S4. Backfill the trench excavated on the ground surface.

[0039] S4. Reinforce the guiding shaft corresponding to the water collection part 4 of the first component to form a pumping shaft for inspection, ventilation and drainage, and block and seal the remaining guiding shafts.

[0040] Specifically, in step S1, for the construction of the guiding shaft, which is used as an engineering construction passage, material transportation and ventilation, the construction of the guiding shaft is carried out by sectional excavation and sectional retaining wall. Excavation is carried out in 1m sections. The initial support requires the strength grade of the impermeable concrete to reach C24, the thickness is 100mm, and a steel mesh of φ8@200×200mm is installed inside. Soil anchors are arranged on the side wall for soil reinforcement and mesh hanging. The designed hole diameter of the soil anchor is φ42mm, the anchor rod uses Φ16 steel bars, the spacing is 0.6×0.6m, the anchoring depth is greater than 0.6m, and the exposed length is 8mm. It is tied and connected with the internal steel mesh by 22# galvanized wire. Considering the temporary use after the initial retaining wall, the retaining wall should be vertical and flat.

[0041] In step S2, the construction of the underground first component 2 is carried out by the pipe shed support full-face excavation method. First, carry out open drainage of the over-excavated catchment well 41. At the corresponding guiding shaft, over-excavate 1.4m - 2.0m below the bottom plate depth as the catchment well 41 for drainage construction; for the excavation of the tunnel: before excavation, first drive φ40mm steel pipes at the top of the chamber for advanced pre-support, and then carry out full-face excavation and tunneling. After excavating a construction section, carry out 40mm thick concrete shotcrete initial support with impermeable concrete, and determine whether to immediately carry out reinforced secondary lining support or carry out the support and tunneling construction of the next section according to the stability of the ceiling and side walls.

[0042] If the four walls are stable and safe, the support tunneling construction of the next section shall be carried out, and so on until the tunneling of this large construction section is completed. Then, the unified secondary reinforced concrete pouring and support construction shall be carried out. If the four walls are unstable, the reinforced secondary reinforced concrete pouring and support construction shall be carried out immediately to make it reach a stable and safe state, and so on until all are completed.

[0043] When carrying out the secondary lining support construction of the inner side wall of the tunnel, the working surface for filling the drainage space filter material shall be reserved. That is, along the longitudinal direction, at an interval of 1.0 m, a drainage window 23 of the inner side wall shall be opened 0.2 m above the normal water level elevation, and the height is greater than 1.2 m. The soil on the side wall shall be hollowed out manually (between 0.3 m and 0.4 m), and then the outer layer shall be backfilled with mixed sand, and the inner layer shall be backfilled with cobblestones (the two layers shall be backfilled simultaneously, about 0.2 m each) as the filter layer 24, and the φ100 drain pipe shall be installed at a slope of 4%. At the same time, formwork shall be installed, steel bars shall be tied, and the side wall of C30 concrete shall be poured. For the places without columns, it is required to hollow out all the soil behind the wall as much as possible to form a through filter layer. For the places with columns, the hollowed part from both sides to the middle shall not be greater than 0.3 m. For the lower part, it shall extend more than 0.1 m below the daily groundwater level line.

[0044] In step S3, the second component 3 is constructed by the method of surface excavation of trenches. While excavating the open trench, the construction of the reinforced concrete waterproof curtain wall shall be carried out, and the depth requirement shall reach the top of the annular dewatering and drainage tunnel 2, and its bottom shall be firmly combined with the top of the annular dewatering and drainage tunnel 2. After the construction is completed, in step S4, the excavated open trench shall be tamped and filled with silty clay.

[0045] Optionally, the construction can also be carried out by the method of underground excavation, and the construction is carried out by means of the guiding shaft opened in step S1. During the construction, the tunnel wall shall be protected by shotcrete. After the construction is completed, it shall be tamped and backfilled with silty clay.

[0046] In step S4, after the construction is completed, a part of the guiding shafts are plugged and sealed, and the guiding shafts corresponding to the sump 41 become pumping shafts after reinforcement treatment, which are used for inspection, ventilation and drainage channels.

[0047] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper", etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature shown in the figure with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure of the device. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or their combinations.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented, for example, in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs, characterized in that: include: The first component is constructed underground and arranged around the ancient tomb at a distance from the ancient tomb; the interior of the first component is hollow, so that the interior of the first component forms a tunnel; a drainage structure capable of directing water into the tunnel is arranged on the side wall of the first component facing the ancient tomb; A second member connected to the top of the first member and having an extended height in the vertical direction; The second component is at least partially buried underground to block lateral groundwater bodies.

2. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first component and the second component are both configured as annular bodies.

3. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of water collecting parts are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first component, and the water collecting bottom surfaces of the water collecting parts are lower than the bottom surface of the tunnel, so that the water entering the tunnel can flow into the water collecting parts.

4. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A diversion groove is arranged along the bottom surface of the tunnel to divert water to the water collection part, so that the water entering the tunnel is guided to the water collection part.

5. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first component includes an inner wall body which is hollow inside to form a tunnel and a side wall anti-seepage layer arranged on the outer side of the inner wall body.

6. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 5, characterized in that: Support columns are arranged at a safe distance along the circumferential direction of the first component to provide reinforced support for the side walls of the inner wall of the first component.

7. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drainage structure is a drainage window, and a plurality of drainage holes for draining water into the tunnel are arranged on the drainage window.

8. The protective structure for preventing water seepage and accumulation in ancient tombs according to claim 7, characterized in that: A filter layer is attached to the side of the drainage window facing away from the tunnel for filtering water.

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