Array antenna and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an array antenna and a vehicle, the array antenna comprises an antenna body, the antenna body comprises a first antenna oscillator array, a first dielectric plate, an antenna ground, a second dielectric plate and a feed network which are stacked in sequence along a first direction, the first antenna oscillator array comprises first oscillators which are arranged in an array and are arranged on the first dielectric plate, and the second antenna oscillator array comprises second oscillators which are arranged in an array and are arranged on the second dielectric plate; the feed network comprises a micro-strip power division network and a multi-stage power divider, the feed network takes the board end connector as a starting point and reaches the tail end of each micro-strip line through the multi-stage power divider, and the tail end of each micro-strip line feeds with the first oscillator through the conductive column; the plurality of microstrip lines are symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider in the multi-stage power dividers, and the power dividers from the penultimate-stage power divider to the penultimate-stage (m-1)-th-stage power divider in the multi-stage power dividers are unequal in power division, so that by taking the center of the first-stage power divider as the center and taking the tail end of each microstrip line as the radius, the power divider in the multi-stage power dividers is equal to the power divider in the (m-1)-th-stage power divider in the multi-stage power dividers; the microstrip lines in the same radius have the same power, and the smaller the radius of the microstrip line is, the larger the power of the microstrip line is.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an array antenna and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Generally, an array antenna is used in a communication system because of its high gain. However, the array antenna can also have the characteristic of strong sidelobe suppression, which is often ignored or abandoned. In order to achieve the concealment of communication and avoid interference with other devices, this characteristic needs to be emphasized in some application scenarios. To achieve this characteristic, there are certain requirements not only for the vibrators and their distributions, but also for the feeding network, especially the power division ratio of the feeding. At the same time, considering the actual situation, such as the dispersion characteristics of the microstrip line, there are also certain requirements for the routing and shape of the feeding network. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an array antenna and a vehicle to solve the technical problems existing in the related art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides an array antenna, including an antenna body. The antenna body includes a first antenna vibrator array, a first dielectric plate, an antenna ground, a second dielectric plate, and a feeding network stacked in sequence along a first direction. The first antenna vibrator array includes a plurality of first vibrators arranged in an array and disposed on the first dielectric plate. The feeding network includes a microstrip power division network and a multi-stage power divider. The feeding network starts from a board-end connector, passes through the multi-stage power dividers to reach the ends of each microstrip line, and the ends of the microstrip lines are fed to the first vibrators via conductive posts.

[0005] A plurality of the microstrip lines are symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider. The end of each microstrip line is equidistant from the center of the first-stage power divider. The last-stage power divider to the (m - 1)-th last-stage power divider in the multi-stage power dividers are unequal power dividers, so that with the center of the first-stage power divider as the center and the ends of each microstrip line as the radii, the power of the microstrip lines within the same radius is the same, and the power of the microstrip line with a smaller radius is greater.

[0006] Optionally, the multi-stage power divider includes a first-stage power divider, a second-stage power divider, a third-stage power divider, and a fourth-stage power divider. The first-stage power divider is used to divide the microstrip power distribution network into two first-level branches. The second-stage power divider is used to divide each of the first-level branches into two second-level branches. The third-stage power divider is used to divide each of the second-level branches into two third-level branches. The fourth-stage power divider is used to divide each of the third-level branches into two microstrip lines. One end of the microstrip line far from the fourth-stage power divider is connected to the first oscillator.

[0007] The ratio of the line widths between the two third-level branches divided by the third-stage power divider is 4:1.

[0008] The ratio of the line widths between the two microstrip lines divided by the fourth-stage power divider is 4:1.

[0009] Optionally, the antenna body further includes a plurality of metal conductive posts. One end of each metal conductive post is connected to the end of the corresponding microstrip line. Each metal conductive post sequentially passes through the second dielectric plate, the antenna ground, and the first dielectric plate and is connected to the feeding point of the first oscillator.

[0010] Optionally, the antenna body further includes a third dielectric plate. The third dielectric plate is disposed on a side of the first dielectric plate away from the antenna ground. A plurality of second oscillators are disposed on the third dielectric plate at intervals. The plurality of second oscillators together form a second antenna oscillator array. Each second oscillator is disposed opposite to each first oscillator one by one.

[0011] Optionally, the array antenna further includes a plurality of washers. The plurality of washers are disposed between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate. One side of each washer abuts against the side of the first dielectric plate close to the third dielectric plate, and the other side of each washer abuts against the side of the third dielectric plate close to the first dielectric plate.

[0012] Optionally, the array antenna further includes an antenna bottom plate and a box cover. The antenna bottom plate is detachably connected to the box cover and forms a receiving cavity with the box cover. The antenna body is placed in the receiving cavity and fixed to the box cover by a first fastener.

[0013] Optionally, the first fastener includes a plurality of fastening screws. A plurality of fastening screw holes are formed on the inner wall of the box cover. A plurality of through holes penetrating through their own thicknesses are formed on the first dielectric plate, the antenna ground, and the second dielectric plate. Each fastening screw sequentially passes through the through holes, passes through the second dielectric plate, the antenna ground, and the first dielectric plate, and is threadedly connected in the fastening screw holes.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of positioning holes penetrating along the thickness direction of the first dielectric plate, the antenna ground, and the second dielectric plate are formed, and positioning posts are formed on the inner wall of the box cover. The positioning posts are sequentially inserted into the positioning holes of the first dielectric plate, the positioning holes of the antenna ground, and the positioning holes of the second dielectric plate.

[0015] Optionally, the array antenna further includes a housing connector and a wire-end connector. The board-end connector is connected to the feeding network. The output end of the wire-end connector is connected to the board-end connector. The input end of the wire-end connector is connected to the housing connector through a wire. A groove recessed toward the inside of the accommodating cavity is formed on the side wall of the box cover, and the housing connector is accommodated in the groove.

[0016] Optionally, the array antenna further includes a waterproof ring. An annular groove is formed on the bottom wall of the box cover. The annular groove is arranged around the circumference of the box cover, and the waterproof ring is embedded in the annular groove.

[0017] Optionally, the antenna bottom plate is made of a metal material.

[0018] Optionally, the antenna bottom plate includes a plate body and fixing ears protruding from both sides of the plate body. Fixing holes are formed in the fixing ears. The array antenna further includes a second fastener. The second fastener is inserted into the fixing holes and is used for fastening connection with the vehicle body.

[0019] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and the array antenna as described above. The array antenna is connected to the vehicle body.

[0020] Through the above technical solutions, the antenna body includes a first dielectric plate, an antenna ground, a second dielectric plate, a first antenna oscillator array, and a feeding network. The microstrip lines are symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider, and the last-stage power divider to the (m - 1)-th last-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider are unequal power dividers, so that with the center of the first-stage power divider as the center and the ends of the respective microstrip lines as the radii, the power of the microstrip lines within the same radius is the same, and the smaller the radius where the microstrip lines are located, the greater the power. That is to say, the present disclosure ensures the high gain, narrow lobes, and good side lobe suppression performance of the antenna by setting the feeding power division ratio, equal feeding lengths, and arranging the feeding network and the first antenna oscillator array on different sides, which can meet the occasions with strict requirements for these indicators, and the entire array antenna has the characteristics of small height and small antenna back lobes to adapt to special installation occasions. There are certain proportional requirements for the line widths between the multiple microstrip lines. By adjusting the line widths of the microstrip lines at different positions, the feeding network can have good side lobe suppression, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the performance of the above array antenna.

[0021] Moreover, since the microstrip line is symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider and the feeding lengths are equal, on the one hand, precise line length calculation is not required, and the deviation caused by the color deviation of the microstrip line does not need to be considered, because for each frequency point, the color deviation obtained by each radiation unit is the same. In addition, the phase deviation effect caused by the change of the characteristics of the dielectric material does not need to be considered, which can better ensure the side lobe suppression ratio. On the other hand, the power dividing point of the multi-stage power divider of the feeding network of the present disclosure is always located at the middle position of the corresponding array, so that the distance between multiple microstrip lines of the feeding network is the largest, thereby further reducing the mutual influence between multiple microstrip lines.

[0022] In addition, since the first antenna oscillator array and the feeding network arranged on the first dielectric plate are respectively distributed on both sides of the antenna ground, the antenna ground can further reduce the influence of the radiation electromagnetic wave generated by the feeding network on the electromagnetic wave generated by the first antenna oscillator array, making the side lobe suppression of the array antenna better.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation part. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementation, they are used to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is an exploded view of an array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of part A of

[0027] Figure 3 is a top view of the feeding network of an array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the box cover of an array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 6 is a top view of the first dielectric plate of an array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 7 is the simulation effect of an array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure Figure One ;

[0032] Figure 8 It is the simulation effect of the array antenna provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure Figure Two .

[0033] Description of Reference Numerals

[0034] 1 - Array antenna; 10 - Antenna body; 11 - First dielectric plate; 110 - First antenna oscillator array; 111 - First oscillator; 12 - Antenna ground; 13 - Second dielectric plate; 14 - Feeding network; 140 - Microstrip power divider network; 141 - First - stage power divider; 142 - Second - stage power divider; 143 - Third - stage power divider; 144 - Fourth - stage power divider; 151 - First - level branch; 152 - Second - level branch; 153 - Third - level branch; 154 - Microstrip line; 17 - Third dielectric plate; 170 - Second antenna oscillator array; 171 - Second oscillator; 18 - Washer; 19 - Avoidance notch; 30 - Box cover; 31 - Groove; 32 - Annular groove; 33 - Waterproof ring; 34 - Label groove; 35 - Fastening screw hole; 36 - Positioning post; 37 - Limiting post; 40 - First fastener; 41 - Fastening screw; 50 - Through - hole; 60 - Positioning hole; 70 - Antenna bottom plate; 71 - Plate body; 72 - Fixed ear; 73 - Fourth fastener; 80 - Second fastener; 90 - Board - end connector; 91 - Housing connector; 92 - Wire - end connector; 100 - Shock - proof crimping plate; 101 - Third fastener; 200 - First circumference; 300 - Second circumference; 400 - Third circumference. Detailed Embodiment

[0035] The following describes the detailed embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed embodiments described herein are only for explaining and illustrating the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0036] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, specific orientation structure and operation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present disclosure. The terms "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside of the corresponding structural contour.

[0037] In addition, the "first direction" can be referred to Figure 1 the first direction shown. In addition, it should be noted that the terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish one element from another, and do not have sequence and importance. In addition, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same elements.

[0038] In the description of the present disclosure, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "connection", "coupling", and "installation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Referring to Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides an array antenna 1, including an antenna body 10. The antenna body 10 includes a first antenna oscillator array 110, a first dielectric plate 11, an antenna ground 12, a second dielectric plate 13, and a feeding network 14 that are sequentially stacked in a first direction. The first antenna oscillator array 110 includes a plurality of first oscillators 111 arranged in an array and disposed on the first dielectric plate 11. The feeding network 14 includes a microstrip power divider network 140 and a multi-stage power divider. The feeding network 14 starts from a board-end connector 90, passes through the multi-stage power divider to reach the ends of respective microstrip lines 154, and the ends of the microstrip lines 154 are fed to the first oscillators 111 via conductive posts; the plurality of microstrip lines 154 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider 141 in the multi-stage power divider, the end of each microstrip line is equidistant from the center of the first-stage power divider 141, and the last-stage power divider to the (m-1)th last-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider are unequal power dividers, so that with the center of the first-stage power divider as the center and the ends of the respective microstrip lines 154 as the radii, the power of the microstrip lines 154 within the same radius is the same, and the smaller the radius where the microstrip line 154 is located, the greater the power of the microstrip line 154.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, the antenna body 10 includes a first dielectric plate 11, an antenna ground 12, a second dielectric plate 13, a first antenna oscillator array 110, and a feeding network 14. The microstrip line 154 is symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider 141 in the multi-stage power divider, and the power division from the last-stage power divider (i.e., the m-th last-stage power divider) to the (m - 1)-th last-stage power divider (i.e., the second last-stage power divider) in the multi-stage power divider is unequal, so that with the center of the first-stage power divider 141 as the center and the end of each microstrip line 154 as the radius, the power of the microstrip lines 154 within the same radius is the same, and the smaller the radius where the microstrip line 154 is located, the greater the power. That is to say, the present disclosure ensures high gain, narrow lobes, and good sidelobe suppression performance of the antenna by setting the feeding power division ratio, equal feeding length, and arranging the feeding network 14 and the first antenna oscillator array 110 on different sides, which can meet the occasions with strict requirements for these indicators, and the entire array antenna 1 has the characteristics of small height and small antenna backlobes to adapt to special installation occasions. There are certain proportional requirements for the line widths between the multiple microstrip lines 154. By adjusting the line widths of the microstrip lines 154 at different positions, the feeding network 14 can have good sidelobe suppression, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the performance of the above array antenna 1.

[0041] Moreover, since the microstrip line 154 is symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider 141 in the multi-stage power divider and the feeding lengths are equal, on the one hand, accurate line length calculation is not required, and the deviation caused by the color deviation of the microstrip line 154 does not need to be considered because for each frequency point, the color deviation obtained by each radiation unit is the same. In addition, the phase deviation effect caused by the characteristic change of the dielectric material does not need to be considered, which can better ensure the sidelobe suppression degree; on the other hand, the power division points of the multi-stage power divider of the feeding network 14 of the present disclosure are always located at the middle positions of the corresponding arrays, so that the distances between the multiple microstrip lines 154 of the feeding network 14 are the largest, thereby further reducing the mutual influence between the multiple microstrip lines 154.

[0042] In addition, since the first antenna oscillator array 110 arranged on the first dielectric plate 11 and the feeding network 14 are respectively distributed on both sides of the antenna ground 12, the antenna ground 12 can further reduce the influence of the radiated electromagnetic waves generated by the feeding network 14 on the electromagnetic waves generated by the first antenna oscillator array 110, making the sidelobe suppression of the array antenna 1 better.

[0043] It should be noted that the above-mentioned first antenna oscillator array 110 is arranged at equal intervals in the manner of n*n, where n is the m-th power of 2 and m is a natural number.

[0044] The above-mentioned microstrip line 154 is centrosymmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the first-stage power divider 141 in the multi-stage power divider, which means that the microstrip power dividing network 140 is symmetric about the center of the first-stage power divider 141, symmetric left and right and front and back with respect to the center of the first-stage power divider 141.

[0045] To facilitate the understanding of the above solution, a circle can be drawn with the physical center of the above-mentioned microstrip power dividing network 140 as the origin, and the microstrip lines 154 of different levels can be respectively distributed on different circumferences.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the last-stage power divider to the penultimate-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider are unequal power dividers.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, m can be 4. At this time, the third-stage power divider 143 to the fourth-stage power divider 144 are unequal power dividers. The number of the first oscillators 111 arranged on the first antenna oscillator array 110 is 16. The multi-stage power divider provided by the present disclosure includes a first-stage power divider 141, a second-stage power divider 142, a third-stage power divider 143, and a fourth-stage power divider 144. The first-stage power divider 141 is used to divide the microstrip power dividing network 140 into two first-level branches 151. The second-stage power divider 142 is used to divide each first-level branch 151 into two second-level branches 152. The third-stage power divider 143 is used to divide each second-level branch 152 into two third-level branches 153. The fourth-stage power divider 144 is used to divide each third-level branch 153 into two microstrip lines 154. One end of the microstrip line 154 far from the fourth-stage power divider 144 is connected to the first oscillator 111. The ratio of the line widths between the two third-level branches 153 divided by the third-stage power divider 143 is 4:1. The ratio of the line widths between the two microstrip lines 154 divided by the fourth-stage power divider 144 is 4:1. When the ratio of the line widths between the two third-level microstrip lines 154 is 4:1 and the ratio of the line widths between the two fourth-level microstrip lines 154 is also 4:1, the array antenna 1 can have good sidelobe suppression, thereby improving the gain of the array antenna 1.

[0048] Such as Figure 3As shown, under the action of the above-mentioned first-level power divider 141, second-level power divider 142, third-level power divider 143, and fourth-level power divider 144, the above-mentioned microstrip power division network 140 can be divided into sixteen microstrip lines 154. Taking the physical center of the microstrip power division network 140 as the origin to draw a circle. At this time, the four microstrip lines 154 closest to the physical center of the microstrip power division network 140 are located on the first circumference 200, the four microstrip lines 154 farthest from the physical center of the microstrip power division network 140 are located on the third circumference 400, and the remaining eight microstrip lines 154 are located on the second circumference 300 between the first circumference 200 and the third circumference 400. Also, since the farther the microstrip line 154 is from the physical center of the microstrip power division network 140 among the multiple microstrip lines 154, the smaller the line width of the microstrip line 154 is. That is to say, the line widths of the microstrip lines 154 located on the first circumference 200, second circumference 300, and third circumference 400 gradually decrease. That is, the closer to the physical center of the microstrip power division network 140, the larger the line width of the microstrip line 154, enabling the array antenna 1 to simultaneously have a higher gain and a better side lobe suppression effect.

[0049] In other embodiments provided by the present disclosure, the above-mentioned multi-level power divider may further include a fifth-level power divider. In this way, the multi-level power divider can divide the microstrip power division network 140 into thirty-two microstrip lines 154 with different line widths (the specific line width ratio can refer to the ratio requirements such as Chebyshev series and Taylor series) to meet the signal requirements of the array antenna 1.

[0050] Optionally, as Figure 3 shown, the antenna body 10 further includes a plurality of metal conductive posts. One end of each metal conductive post is connected to the end of the corresponding microstrip line 154. Each metal conductive post sequentially passes through the second dielectric plate 13, the antenna ground 12, and the first dielectric plate 11, and is connected to the feeding point of the first oscillator 111. The end of each microstrip line 154 can be correspondingly connected to each first oscillator 111 through the metal conductive post, thereby realizing the conduction between the feeding network 14 and the first oscillator 111.

[0051] In order to further improve the gain of the array antenna 1, as Figure 1As shown, the antenna body 10 provided by the present disclosure further includes a third dielectric plate 17. The third dielectric plate 17 is disposed on a side of the first dielectric plate 11 away from the antenna ground 12. A plurality of second oscillators 171 are disposed on the third dielectric plate 17 at intervals. The plurality of second oscillators 171 together form a second antenna oscillator array 170. Each second oscillator 171 is disposed opposite to each first oscillator 111 one by one. On the one hand, under the synergistic effect of the second antenna oscillator array 170 and the first antenna oscillator array 110, the multi-layer oscillator array can significantly improve the gain of the antenna and enhance the signal strength of the antenna in the first direction by increasing the number of antenna oscillators and utilizing the interaction between these antenna oscillators. On the other hand, since the third dielectric plate 17 is disposed on a side of the first dielectric plate 11 away from the antenna ground 12, in this way, the antenna ground 12 can also reduce the influence of the second antenna oscillator array 170 on the feeding network 14 to a certain extent.

[0052] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the array antenna 1 may further include a plurality of washers 18. The plurality of washers 18 are disposed between the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17. One side of each washer 18 abuts against a side of the first dielectric plate 11 close to the third dielectric plate 17, and the other side of each washer 18 abuts against a side of the third dielectric plate 17 close to the first dielectric plate 11. The plurality of washers 18 disposed between the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17 can separate the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17. Moreover, by selecting the thickness of the washers 18, the distance between the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 13 can also be controlled, avoiding the distance between the two being too close or too far, so that the array antenna 1 has a higher gain.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the washer 18 may be made of plastic. The plastic has a small dielectric constant and can play a better insulating role when separating the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17.

[0054] Alternatively, in other embodiments provided by the present disclosure, the above-mentioned washer 18 may also be made of materials such as rubber and plastic, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0055] To facilitate the positioning of the above-mentioned washer 18, as Figure 5 shown, a plurality of limiting posts 37 may also be disposed between the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17. Each positioning post 36 is disposed corresponding to each washer 18 one by one and penetrates through the opening of the washer 18 to avoid the problem that the washer 18 moves within the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17 during the separation of the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 17.

[0056] Furthermore, as Figure 1 、 Figure 4and Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , the array antenna 1 further includes an antenna bottom plate 70 and a box cover 30. The antenna bottom plate 70 is detachably connected to the box cover 30, and an accommodation cavity is formed between the antenna bottom plate 70 and the box cover 30. The antenna body 10 is placed in the accommodation cavity and fixed to the box cover 30 by a first fastener 40. The antenna body 10 is accommodated in the accommodation cavity. In this way, the box cover 30 and the antenna bottom plate 70 can respectively shield and protect the antenna body 10 from above and below the antenna body 10, avoiding the antenna body 10 being scratched by foreign objects, rain and other external factors, and improving the stability and service life of the antenna body 10.

[0057] Moreover, precisely because the above box cover 30 and antenna bottom plate 70 are connected in a detachable manner, it is more convenient to repair and maintain the antenna body 10 disposed in the accommodation cavity.

[0058] In the embodiment where the array antenna 1 includes the antenna bottom plate 70 and the box cover 30, the above limiting posts 37 can be formed on the antenna bottom plate 70, as Figure 5 shown, or can be formed on the box cover 30. The present disclosure does not limit this.

[0059] It should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit the specific detachable manner between the above antenna bottom plate 70 and the box cover 30. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as Figure 1 shown, the first fastener 40 may include a plurality of fastening screws 41. A plurality of fastening screw holes 35 are formed on the inner wall of the box cover 30. A plurality of through holes 50 penetrating through their own thickness are formed on the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, and the second dielectric plate 13. Each fastening screw 41 passes through the through holes 50 in sequence through the second dielectric plate 13, the antenna ground 12, and the first dielectric plate 11 and is threadedly connected in the fastening screw holes 35.

[0060] Alternatively, in other embodiments provided by the present disclosure, the antenna bottom plate 70 and the box cover 30 can also be connected by means of snap connection or the like. In short, as long as the detachable connection of the two can be realized, the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0061] To further facilitate the assembly between the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, and the second dielectric plate 13, in the embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as Figure 1As described above, a plurality of positioning holes 60 penetrating along the thickness direction of the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, and the second dielectric plate 13 are formed respectively. Positioning posts 36 are formed on the inner wall of the box cover 30, and the positioning posts 36 are sequentially inserted into the positioning holes 60 of the first dielectric plate 11, the positioning holes 60 of the antenna ground 12, and the positioning holes 60 of the second dielectric plate 13. In this way, when installing the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, and the second dielectric plate 13, the positioning posts 36 can be sequentially inserted into the positioning holes 60 of the first dielectric plate 11, the positioning holes 60 of the antenna ground 12, and the positioning holes 60 of the second dielectric plate 13. At this time, under the cooperation of the positioning posts 36 and the positioning holes 60, the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, and the second dielectric plate 13 can be positioned and guided, without measuring and comparing the relative positions between the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, and the second dielectric plate 13, reducing the installation difficulty, and significantly improving the installation speed and installation accuracy.

[0062] To improve the waterproof effect of the array antenna 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 5 described, the array antenna 1 may further include a waterproof ring 33. An annular groove 32 is formed on the bottom wall of the box cover 30. The annular groove 32 is arranged around the circumference of the box cover 30, and the waterproof ring 33 is embedded in the annular groove 32. After the box cover 30 is installed on the antenna bottom plate 70, the waterproof ring 33 embedded in the annular groove 32 can abut against the antenna bottom plate 70, thereby improving the sealing effect between the box cover 30 and the antenna bottom plate 70, and preventing external dust, water vapor, etc. from entering the accommodation cavity through the gap between the box cover 30 and the antenna bottom plate 70 and affecting the performance of the antenna body 10.

[0063] Furthermore, as Figure 3 shown, a plurality of annular grooves 32 are formed on the bottom wall of the box cover 30. The plurality of annular grooves 32 all extend along the circumference of the box cover 30 and are arranged at intervals. In addition, the waterproof rings 33 can also be multiple, and each waterproof ring 33 is correspondingly arranged with each annular groove 32. In this way, when each waterproof ring 33 is correspondingly installed in each annular groove 32, the multiple waterproof rings 33 can form a multi-layer sealing structure, thereby further improving the sealing and waterproof effects.

[0064] Optionally, the antenna bottom plate 70 is made of a metal material. The antenna bottom plate 70 made of a metal material can block the signal of the antenna, thereby preventing the problem of excessive back lobe of the array antenna 1.

[0065] To facilitate the connection between the antenna bottom plate 70 and the box cover 30, in the present disclosure, as Figure 1 shown, a fourth fastener 73 is further provided on the antenna bottom plate 70. The fourth fastener 73 is used for fastening connection with the box cover 30.

[0066] In addition, asFigure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the antenna base plate 70 includes a plate body 71 and fixing ears 72 protruding from both sides of the plate body 71. Fixing holes are formed on the fixing ears 72. The array antenna 1 further includes a second fastener 80. The second fastener 80 is inserted into the fixing holes and used for fastening connection with the vehicle body. In this way, the second fastener 80 can be inserted into the fixing holes on the fixing ears 72, and then the second fastener 80 is fastened to the vehicle body to fix the array antenna 1.

[0067] Moreover, since the fixing ears 72 are formed on the plate body 71 of the antenna base plate 70, on the one hand, since the plate body 71 only functions to block the signals of the antenna (i.e., does not participate in the generation of antenna signals), the fixing ears 72 formed on the plate body 71 will not affect the structure and function of the antenna body 10. On the other hand, there is no need to add relevant structures for fixing with the vehicle on the antenna base plate 70, the box cover 30 or the antenna body 10, which can further simplify the structure and production process of the array antenna 1.

[0068] Optionally, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, the array antenna 1 may further include a housing connector 91 and a wire-end connector 92. The board-end connector 90 is connected to the feeding network 14. The output end of the wire-end connector 92 is connected to the board-end connector 90. The input end of the wire-end connector 92 is connected to the housing connector 91 through a wire. A groove 31 recessed towards the inside of the accommodating cavity is formed on the side wall of the box cover 30. The housing connector 91 is accommodated in the groove 31. On the one hand, the board-end connector 90 is hidden in the groove 31 recessed towards the inside of the accommodating cavity, so that when the board-end connector 90 is connected to the signal source through a signal line, the connection part between the board-end connector 90 and the signal line is located in the groove 31, that is, the connection part between the board-end connector 90 and the signal line is in a relatively enclosed space, thus preventing external impurities (such as dust and water vapor) from invading the connection part between the board-end connector 90 and the signal line and affecting the signal connection between the board-end connector 90 and the signal line. On the other hand, precisely because the board-end connector 90 is arranged in the groove 31, it can be avoided that the overall size of the array antenna 1 increases due to the board-end connector 90 protruding from the box cover 30, thus facilitating the installation of the array antenna 1 in a relatively narrow space.

[0069] In order to avoid the above-mentioned groove 31, avoidance notches 19 are formed on the first dielectric plate 11, the antenna ground 12, the second dielectric plate 13 and the third dielectric plate 17. During the assembly process, the outer wall of the groove 31 is embedded in the avoidance notch 19.

[0070] Furthermore, as Figure 1As shown, the array antenna 1 further includes a shock-proof crimping plate 100 and a third fastener 101. The third fastener 101 is used to fasten the shock-proof crimping plate 100 to the box cover 30. The shock-proof crimping plate 100 is used to crimp the above-mentioned wire-end connector 92 onto the board-end connector 90, thereby improving the connection stability between the wire-end connector 92 and the board-end connector 90, so as to avoid the problem that the connection between the board-end connector 90 and the wire-end connector 92 falls off due to vibration.

[0071] As Figure 1 shown, a label slot 34 is further formed on the upper end surface of the box cover 30, and the operator can stick the relevant information label of the array antenna 1 in the label slot 34.

[0072] As Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, it is the simulation effect diagram of the array antenna provided by the present disclosure. It can be seen that the sidelobe suppression is basically above 25 dB.

[0073] The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and the above-mentioned array antenna 1, and the array antenna 1 is connected to the vehicle body. This vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned array antenna 1, and the present disclosure will not describe them here.

[0074] In addition, in an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the array antenna 1 can be arranged on the side wall of the vehicle body, or can be arranged on the top wall or bottom wall of the vehicle body. In short, the operator can adaptively adjust the installation position of the array antenna 1 according to the usage requirements and usage scenarios, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0075] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0076] In addition, it should be noted that, in the above specific embodiments, the various specific technical features described can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not separately describe various possible combination methods.

[0077] In addition, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the present disclosure as long as it does not violate the idea of the present disclosure, and it should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An array antenna, characterized in that: The antenna body comprises a first antenna element array, a first dielectric board, an antenna ground, a second dielectric board and a feeding network which are sequentially stacked along a first direction, the first antenna element array comprises a plurality of first elements arranged in an array and disposed on the first dielectric board, the feeding network comprises a microstrip power division network and a multi-stage power divider, the feeding network takes a board-end connector as a starting point, passes through the multi-stage power divider to reach the end of each microstrip line, and the end of the microstrip line is fed with the first element via a conductive column; The plurality of microstrip lines are symmetrically arranged about the center of the first-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider, the end of each of the microstrip lines is of equal length to the center of the first-stage power divider, and the power dividers from the penultimate first-stage power divider to the penultimate (m-1)-stage power divider in the multi-stage power divider are unequal, so that the power of the microstrip lines within the same radius is the same, with the center of the first-stage power divider as the center and the end of each microstrip line as the radius, and the power of the microstrip lines within the same radius is the same, and the smaller the radius, the greater the power of the microstrip line.

2. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage power divider includes a first-stage power divider, a second-stage power divider, a third-stage power divider and a fourth-stage power divider, wherein the first-stage power divider is used to divide the microstrip power division network into two first-stage branches, the second-stage power divider is used to divide each of the first-stage branches into two second-stage branches, the third-stage power divider is used to divide each of the second-stage branches into two third-stage branches, and the fourth-stage power divider is used to divide each of the third-stage branches into two microstrip lines, and one end of the microstrip line away from the fourth-stage power divider is connected to the first oscillator; The ratio of the line width between the two third-level branches separated by the third-level power divider is 4:1; The ratio of the line width between the two microstrip lines separated by the fourth-stage power divider is 4:

1.

3. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna body also includes a third dielectric plate, which is arranged on a side of the first dielectric plate away from the antenna ground. A plurality of second vibrators arranged at intervals are arranged on the third dielectric plate. The plurality of second vibrators together constitute a second antenna vibrator array, and each of the second vibrators is arranged one by one opposite to each of the first vibrators.

4. The array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The array antenna also includes a plurality of gaskets, which are arranged between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, and one side of each gasket is in contact with a side of the first dielectric plate close to the third dielectric plate, and the other side of each gasket is in contact with a side of the third dielectric plate close to the first dielectric plate.

5. The array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The array antenna also includes an antenna base plate and a box cover. The antenna base plate is detachably connected to the box cover and forms a receiving cavity with the box cover. The antenna body is placed in the receiving cavity and is fixed to the box cover by a first fastener.

6. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first fastener includes a plurality of fastening screws, a plurality of fastening screw holes are formed on the inner wall of the box cover, and a plurality of through holes penetrating their own thickness are formed on the first dielectric plate, the antenna ground, and the second dielectric plate. Each of the fastening screws passes through the through hole in turn and is penetrated into the second dielectric plate, the antenna ground, and the first dielectric plate and is threadedly connected in the fastening screw hole.

7. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first dielectric plate, antenna ground and second dielectric plate are all formed with a plurality of positioning holes penetrating along their own thickness direction, and the inner wall of the box cover is formed with positioning posts, which are sequentially penetrated into the positioning holes of the first dielectric plate, the positioning holes of the antenna ground and the positioning holes of the second dielectric plate.

8. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The array antenna also includes a shell connector and a line end connector, the board end connector is connected to the feeding network, the output end of the line end connector is connected to the board end connector, the input end of the line end connector is connected to the shell connector through a wire, and a groove recessed toward the interior of the accommodating cavity is formed on the side wall of the box cover, and the shell connector is accommodated in the groove.

9. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The array antenna also includes a waterproof ring. An annular groove is formed on the bottom wall of the box cover. The annular groove is arranged around the circumference of the box cover, and the waterproof ring is embedded in the annular groove.

10. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna base plate is made of metal material.

11. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna base plate includes a plate body and fixing ears protruding from both sides of the plate body, and fixing holes are formed on the fixing ears. The array antenna also includes a second fastener, which is inserted into the fixing hole and is used for fastening to the vehicle body.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body and the array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the array antenna is connected to the vehicle body.

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