Graphene photocatalysis net structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a graphene photocatalysis net structure, which relates to the field of sewage treatment and comprises a plurality of treatment units, each treatment unit comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the lower cavity is made of photocatalysis materials, the weight of the lower cavity is larger than that of the upper cavity, the upper cavity is positioned above the water surface, the lower cavity is positioned below the water surface, and the upper cavity is made of light-transmitting materials. The device adopts a processing unit structure; the upper cavity of the treatment unit can float on the water surface and is not influenced by floating objects on the water surface, so that sunlight irradiation is reduced, and the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency of graphene photocatalysis are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a graphene photocatalytic net structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, a sewage purification reactor with the patent number ZL201610415838.6 includes: a housing, including an outer shell, a bottom shell arranged at the bottom of the outer shell, and an upper cover arranged at the top of the outer shell. The outer shell, the bottom shell and the upper cover enclose a sewage treatment reaction chamber. An inlet close to the bottom shell and an outlet close to the upper cover are arranged outside the outer shell, and the inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with the sewage treatment reaction chamber. A photocatalytic advanced oxidation filtration module is arranged in the sewage treatment reaction chamber. The photocatalytic advanced oxidation filtration module includes a ceramic membrane component, a photocatalytic component and a switch valve control component. The ceramic membrane component is connected with the switch valve component, and the ceramic membrane component bears the photocatalytic component. An aeration device is arranged outside the housing and is connected with the switch valve component through a joint component arranged on the bottom shell. In order to improve the sewage treatment efficiency, this patent document combines the ceramic membrane ultrafiltration technology with the photocatalytic advanced oxidation technology. However, the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane is expensive, backwashing consumes energy and is easy to block, resulting in high equipment investment and maintenance costs, which limits its application. Especially, the pressure water pump, air pump and water extraction pump all need to continuously provide power. Due to the difficulty of power maintenance in the wild, it cannot be used to remove organic pollution in river water bodies.

[0003] A sewage treatment method based on a graphene photocatalytic net with the patent number ZL201910011649.6 uses the graphene photocatalytic net to purify sewage, increases the contact area with sewage by the large specific surface area of the graphene photocatalytic net, and decomposes harmful substances in the sewage by the photocatalytic action of the graphene photocatalytic net to improve the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency. However, when the graphene photocatalytic net is paved in a river water body, first, the self-weight of the net will be submerged by the river water, and floating garbage in the river will be adsorbed on the net, making it difficult to clean. At the same time, the floating objects blocking the catalytic net will greatly reduce the photocatalytic effect. In actual sewage treatment, the treatment effect of this graphene photocatalytic net is relatively slow and the efficiency is not high.

[0004] In summary, a photocatalytic water treatment device for degrading organic pollutants in river water bodies is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] An object of the utility model is to provide a graphene photocatalytic net structure, which guides sunlight into the lower cavity through the upper cavity of the treatment unit, and the photocatalytic material in the lower cavity treats sewage to improve the treatment efficiency.

[0006] This object is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A graphene photocatalytic network structure includes several processing units. Each processing unit includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is made of a light-transmitting material, and a graphene photocatalytic layer is provided on the lower cavity. The weight of the lower cavity is greater than that of the upper cavity. The light-transmitting material is an existing material as long as it can achieve the light-transmitting effect.

[0008] When in use, when the processing unit is laid on the water surface, the lower cavity is located below the water surface, and the upper cavity is located above the water surface. Sunlight shines on the upper cavity, and the upper cavity makes the sunlight shine on the lower cavity and act on the graphene photocatalytic material on the lower cavity. The graphene photocatalytic material contacts the water body for sewage treatment.

[0009] In the existing graphene photocatalytic sewage treatment system, the graphene photocatalytic network is used to lay on the water surface for sewage treatment. However, in the actual use process, due to its own weight, the graphene photocatalytic network is often located below the water surface, and the light-receiving situation is weak. And in the long-term use process, the floating objects on the water surface are easy to accumulate on the graphene photocatalytic network. As time goes by, more and more floating objects accumulate on the graphene photocatalytic network. The floating objects block the graphene photocatalytic network, affecting the light illumination of the graphene photocatalytic network, and further affecting the sewage treatment effect of the graphene photocatalytic network.

[0010] In the present utility model, the upper cavity of the processing unit is used as the carrier for receiving sunlight. Preferably, the upper cavity is hemispherical, and the lower cavity is a cone with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom. In the actual use process, the upper cavity floats on the water surface and can better receive sunlight. And since the upper cavity is hemispherical, the floating objects on the water surface are not easy to directly block the upper cavity. Therefore, in the long-term use process of this structure, it can ensure that sunlight shines on the lower cavity, thereby improving the sewage treatment efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, the upper cavity is a daylighting cover. The daylighting cover has a stronger light collection effect than traditional skylights and daylighting skylights. The main materials are mostly made of PMMA (acrylic) material or PC injection molding. A light guide pipe is arranged in the upper cavity. The lower end of the light guide pipe is located in the lower cavity, and a diffuser is arranged at the lower end of the light guide pipe. The light guide pipe is a key component for transmitting light, and the reflectivity of its inner surface has a great influence on the light guiding efficiency. In order to ensure a high overall transmission efficiency, a pipe wall material with a relatively high reflectivity should be used.

[0012] Preferably, adjacent two processing units are connected by a connecting rope. Therefore, when in use, all the processing units can be directly laid on the water surface, which is convenient for recovery and laying. Secondly, the floating objects can accumulate between two adjacent processing units, further avoiding accumulation on the upper cavity.

[0013] Preferably, two adjacent processing units can be connected by a connecting member, and the connecting member is integrally formed with the processing unit.

[0014] The main function of the diffuser is to distribute as much and as evenly as possible the collected natural light into the lower cavity. In addition to ensuring a reasonable light distribution, it should also have a high transmittance to improve the light guiding efficiency of the entire structure.

[0015] During use, the upper cavity is located above the water surface. The upper cavity collects light into the light guiding tube, and the light is transmitted in the light guiding tube, reaches the lower cavity, and is transmitted to the lower cavity through the diffuser. The graphene photocatalytic material on the lower cavity catalyzes the sewage under light irradiation.

[0016] Compared with the existing sewage treatment system, the lower cavity of this device is located below the water surface, which can better contact the water body. At the same time, the upper cavity can effectively transmit light from the upper cavity to the lower cavity, improving the photocatalytic sewage treatment effect.

[0017] Furthermore, a number of hollow glass microspheres are arranged in the upper cavity, and a number of solid glass microspheres are arranged in the lower cavity. The hollow glass microspheres for light concentration are arranged in the upper cavity to effectively concentrate solar energy in the water, improving the efficiency of graphene photocatalysis. The solid glass microspheres are arranged in the lower cavity, which not only increases the light reflection efficiency, causing sunlight to converge in the water, but also, while realizing the refraction of sunlight, can increase the weight of the lower part, enabling the lower spherical surface to fully contact the water, improving the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency of graphene photocatalysis.

[0018] Preferably, a floating plate is arranged at the connection between the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The floating plate is located above the water surface and is circular ring-shaped. The setting of the floating plate can make the upper cavity better located above the water surface and the lower cavity better located below the water surface, further improving the usage efficiency.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] The present utility model relates to a graphene photocatalytic net structure. The present utility model adopts a processing unit structure; the upper cavity of the processing unit floats on the water surface, and will not be affected by floating objects on the water surface to reduce sunlight irradiation, improving the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency of graphene photocatalysis;

[0021] The relatively large specific surface area of a number of processing units increases the contact area between sunlight and sewage, improving the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency. At the same time, it can control the floating objects in the river within the spherical cavities of the floating net, without affecting the sunlight irradiation efficiency of graphene photocatalysis.

[0022] The processing unit adopts an upper and lower cavity structure. The upper cavity is a spherical structure, and concentrator hollow glass microspheres are added to the spherical part to effectively concentrate solar energy in water and improve the efficiency of graphene photocatalysis. The lower cavity is a conical structure, and solid glass microspheres are added to the conical part. The specific surface area of the conical structure is relatively large. While the solid glass microspheres achieve the refraction of sunlight, they can increase the weight of the lower part, enabling the lower conical surface to fully contact the water, thereby improving the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency of graphene photocatalysis. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the processing unit in Embodiment 2;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the light conduit in Embodiment 3;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of two adjacent processing units connected by a connecting rope in Embodiment 4;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of several processing units and connecting ropes in Embodiment 4.

[0028] Marks in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0029] 1 - upper cavity, 2 - floating plate, 3 - lower cavity, 4 - connecting rope, 5 - hollow glass microspheres, 6 - solid glass microspheres, 7 - diffuser, 8 - light conduit. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments and drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The processing unit includes an upper cavity 1 and a lower cavity 3. A graphene photocatalytic layer is provided on the lower cavity 3. The weight of the lower cavity 3 is greater than that of the upper cavity 1. The graphene photocatalytic layer is made of graphene photocatalytic material, which is an existing material. Generally, for the graphene photocatalytic material, the electrons of the semiconductor are located in the energy bands with lower energy. The highest energy band is called the valence band VB. Above the valence band, there are a series of empty bands, and the empty band with the lowest energy is called the conduction band CB. The band gap between the valence band and the conduction band is the forbidden band, and the band gap width is represented by Eg, which represents the energy gap between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band, that is, the minimum energy required for the electrons in the valence band to break away from the covalent bond and transition to the conduction band. When the semiconductor material is irradiated with light energy greater than or equal to Eg, a small amount of electrons in the valence band are excited to the conduction band with higher energy. This electron transition makes the conduction band contain electrons e–, and at the same time, corresponding holes h+ appear in the valence band, thus forming electron-hole pairs, enabling them to participate in conduction under the action of an external electric field. The electron-hole pairs formed due to electron transition can migrate to the semiconductor surface under the action of the space charge layer. The electrons will react with O2, etc., to generate various active oxides, while the holes may react with OH– or H2O on the surface to generate strongly oxidizing OH, thereby triggering a series of redox reactions to drive the entire photocatalytic reaction.

[0034] As a two-dimensional layered material with a huge surface area, the excellent physical adsorption performance of graphene is also one of the main reasons for improving the catalytic efficiency of the material. In addition, most of the graphene in the graphene photocatalytic material is obtained by reducing graphene oxide, and the residual oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface can bind to the reactants through hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, etc.; the reduced conjugated benzene ring region can adsorb some aromatic substances through π-π interactions. The adsorption effect can quickly aggregate the reactants on the catalyst surface, accelerate the redox reaction between the two, and improve the catalytic efficiency. In addition, graphene can also be used as a support carrier to make the photocatalyst disperse evenly and effectively inhibit its agglomeration.

[0035] The weight of the lower cavity 3 is greater than that of the upper cavity 1. The upper cavity 1 is located above the water surface, and the lower cavity 3 is located below the water surface. The function of the upper cavity 1 is to transmit light. The upper cavity 1 can directly use a light-transmitting material.

[0036] During use, the processing unit is placed in the sewage. The graphene photocatalytic layer of the lower cavity is in contact with the water body, and the upper cavity transmits natural light into the lower cavity, so that the natural light acts on the lower cavity to promote the sewage treatment of the lower cavity.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] In some embodiments, the processing unit is as Figure 1As shown, the upper cavity 1 is hemispherical. The upper cavity 1 is a lighting cover or a lighting cover is arranged inside the upper cavity 1. The lighting cover is made of polycarbonate PC endurance plate, PMMA material or FRP glass fiber as the base material and is formed by high-temperature thermoforming. The light transmittance of the lighting cover can reach up to 89%, and it is light in weight. When in use, it can better float above the water surface and transmit natural light into the lower cavity better.

[0039] At the same time, the lower cavity 3 is a cone with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, which can increase the specific surface area of the lower cavity and enable it to contact the sewage over a larger area.

[0040] Embodiment 3

[0041] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 3 are connected. A light guide tube 8 is arranged inside the upper cavity 1. The lower end of the light guide tube 8 is located in the lower cavity 3, and a diffuser is arranged at the lower end of the light guide tube 8. When the lighting cover of the upper cavity collects light onto the light guide tube, natural light is introduced into the diffuser 7 through the light guide tube and then introduced into the lower cavity through the diffuser, so that multiple parts of the lower cavity can be evenly illuminated.

[0042] In some embodiments, a number of hollow glass microspheres 5 are arranged inside the upper cavity 1, and a number of solid glass microspheres 6 are arranged inside the lower cavity 3. Concentrating hollow glass microspheres are added to the upper cavity 1 to effectively concentrate solar energy in the water and improve the efficiency of graphene photocatalysis. Solid glass microspheres are added to the lower cavity 3. The conical structure has a relatively large specific surface area. The solid glass microspheres can increase the weight of the lower part while realizing the refraction of sunlight, enabling the lower conical surface to fully contact the water and improving the sewage treatment effect and treatment efficiency of graphene photocatalysis.

[0043] In some embodiments, a floating plate 2 is arranged at the connection between the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 3. The floating plate 2 is circular. The floating plate 2 is located above the water surface. The floating plate 2 can be made of transparent rubber material and will not block the light from passing through and entering the lower cavity.

[0044] In some embodiments, the upper cavity 1 is an upper cavity made of hollow glass microspheres, the lower cavity 3 is a lower cavity made of solid glass microspheres, and a graphene photocatalytic layer is arranged on the outer side of the lower cavity.

[0045] The preparation method of a processing unit is as follows: Add the pre-prepared transparent plastic particles such as PE or PP and hollow glass microspheres into the hopper of the extruder, heat the plastic particles in the hopper to a certain temperature, usually 180°C - 250°C, to plasticize them;

[0046] Inject the plasticized plastic into a spherical mold to obtain a spherical upper part with specific shape and size for later use.

[0047] Add the pre-prepared transparent plastic particles such as PE or PP and solid glass microspheres into the hopper of the extruder, and heat the plastic particles in the hopper to a certain temperature, usually 180°C - 250°C, to plasticize them;

[0048] Inject the plasticized plastic into a spherical mold or a conical mold to obtain a spherical or conical lower part with specific shape and size for standby;

[0049] Perform secondary heat-sealing synthesis processing on the spherical upper part and the spherical or conical lower part to obtain a preliminary treatment unit, then soak it in water added with a fluffy softener for 6 - 12 hours, take it out and air-dry it naturally to obtain the substrate of the treatment unit for standby;

[0050] After mixing the graphene photocatalytic material with a water-soluble binder, stir it at a speed of 200 - 400 rpm for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain a mixed glue, and spray the mixed glue on the lower part of the substrate of the treatment unit to obtain the treatment unit.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, two adjacent treatment units are connected by a connecting rope 4. After connection, the structure of several treatment units and connecting ropes is as Figure 4 shown, several first connecting ropes are arranged side by side, several connecting ropes 4 are connected to each first connecting rope, two treatment units are connected to each connecting rope 4, and both ends of all the first connecting ropes are connected by a second connecting rope. The first connecting rope, connecting rope, second connecting rope and several treatment units form a sewage treatment system.

[0053] During use, after several treatment units are connected by the first connecting rope, connecting rope, and second connecting rope;

[0054] Select a polluted water source with a water flow velocity ≤ 4 m / s, and salvage the floating objects on the water surface;

[0055] Lay the connected treatment units on the water surface, and the lower cavity 3 is located below the water surface;

[0056] Fix the connected several treatment units at the polluted water source.

[0057] The lower cavity of the treatment unit treats the sewage.

[0058] Among them, a polyethylene material is used as the porous substrate, and the graphene photocatalytic material is loaded on the porous substrate to obtain the lower cavity 3. The graphene photocatalytic material includes graphene oxide, nano-zinc oxide, and nano-titanium dioxide.

[0059] The nano-zinc oxide is tetrapod-shaped nano-zinc oxide, and the nano-titanium dioxide is cotton fiber-shaped nano-titanium dioxide.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] In some embodiments, the upper cavity 1 may be a spherical mesh structure, and the lower cavity 3 may be a conical mesh structure. The upper cavity 1 is an upper cavity made of hollow glass microspheres, and the lower cavity 3 is a lower cavity made of solid glass microspheres, and a graphene photocatalytic layer is provided on the outer side of the lower cavity.

[0062] The preparation method of the catalytic mesh structure is as follows:

[0063] The spherical mesh structure is composed of a plurality of hemispherical cavities through connectors, and the conical mesh structure is composed of a plurality of conical cavities through connectors.

[0064] Add the pre-prepared plastic particles such as transparent PE or PP and hollow glass microspheres into the hopper of the extruder, heat the plastic particles in the hopper to a certain temperature, usually 180°C - 250°C, to plasticize them;

[0065] Inject the plasticized plastic into the spherical mesh mold to obtain a spherical upper part with a specific shape and size for use; wherein, the spherical mesh mold is composed of a number of hemispherical cavities and connectors connecting between adjacent two hemispherical cavities;

[0066] Add the pre-prepared plastic particles such as transparent PE or PP and solid glass microspheres into the hopper of the extruder, heat the plastic particles in the hopper to a certain temperature, usually 180°C - 250°C, to plasticize them;

[0067] Inject the plasticized plastic into the conical mesh mold to obtain a conical lower part with a specific shape and size for use; wherein, the conical mesh mold is composed of a number of conical cavities and connectors connecting between adjacent two conical cavities;

[0068] Perform secondary heat-sealing synthesis processing on the spherical upper part and the conical lower part to obtain a preliminary floating net, then soak it in water added with a fluffy softener for 6 - 12 h, take it out and air-dry it naturally to obtain a floating net substrate for use;

[0069] Mix the graphene photocatalytic material with a water-soluble binder, stir at a speed of 200 - 400 rpm for 10 - 20 min to obtain a mixed glue, and spray the mixed glue on the conical lower part of the floating net substrate to obtain a processing unit.

[0070] The "first", "second", etc. used in this article are only used to distinguish the corresponding components for the sake of clear description, and are not intended to limit any order or emphasize importance, etc. In addition, the term "connection" used in this article, without special explanation, can be directly connected or indirectly connected through other components.

[0071] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A graphene photocatalytic network structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of processing units, wherein the processing units comprise an upper cavity (1) and a lower cavity (3), wherein the upper cavity (1) is made of a light-transmitting material, and a graphene photocatalytic layer is arranged on the outer side of the lower cavity (3), and the weight of the lower cavity (3) is greater than that of the upper cavity (1); the upper cavity (1) is a light-collecting cover; a plurality of hollow glass microspheres (5) are arranged in the upper cavity (1), and a plurality of solid glass microspheres (6) are arranged in the lower cavity (3); a floating plate (2) is arranged at the connection between the upper cavity (1) and the lower cavity (3), and the floating plate (2) is located above the water surface; a light guide tube (8) is arranged in the upper cavity (1), and the lower end of the light guide tube (8) is located in the lower cavity (3), and a diffuser (7) is arranged at the lower end of the light guide tube (8).

2. A graphene photocatalytic network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cavity (3) is hemispherical.

3. A graphene photocatalytic network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two adjacent processing units are connected via a connecting rope (4).

4. The graphene photocatalytic network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cavity (3) is in a tapered shape with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom.

5. The graphene photocatalytic network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cavity (1) is hemispherical.

6. The graphene photocatalytic network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating plate (2) is in the shape of a ring.

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