Polishing device for tank maintenance

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polishing device for tank maintenance, which comprises an electrolytic bath filled with electrolyte dissolved with electrolyte; the direct-current power supply is arranged outside the electrolytic bath and is provided with a positive lead and a negative lead, and the negative lead is connected with the electrolytic bath; one end of the clamp is connected to a positive electrode lead of the direct-current power supply; and the tested workpiece is arranged in the electrolyte of the electrolytic bath, and one end of the tested workpiece is connected to the clamp. According to the polishing device for tank maintenance, the electrolyte-plasma polishing technology is utilized, the workpiece is polished through the discharge removal effect of an air layer formed between the workpiece and the polishing solution, the problem of polishing of workpieces in complex shapes can be solved, and pollution is not generated in the process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of tank maintenance, and particularly relates to a polishing device for tank maintenance. Background Technique

[0002] The machine gun and its workpieces used for close-range defense on a certain type of tank need to be polished, so higher requirements are put forward for the machining accuracy of its component workpieces. Most of the workpieces that make up the machine gun are special-shaped parts with complex shapes. Long-term use will cause the outside of the parts to rust or age, which may affect the service life and shooting accuracy of the tank. Therefore, polishing and maintenance need to be carried out again.

[0003] Currently, the common polishing techniques include physical polishing and chemical polishing.

[0004] Physical polishing methods include mechanical polishing, ultrasonic polishing, fluid polishing, and magnetic abrasive polishing. Mechanical polishing refers to using a polishing tool to grind the test piece. This method has low efficiency and is difficult to polish the positions with complex shapes of the test piece. Fluid polishing refers to using a liquid carrying abrasive to wash the surface of the test piece at high speed to achieve a polishing effect. This method has low efficiency and can polish some relatively complex special-shaped surfaces. It is generally used for test pieces with specific shapes, and the applicable range is limited. Ultrasonic polishing uses an ultrasonic signal source to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, so that a high-speed and high-frequency relative impact of more than 30,000 times per second is generated between the test piece and the polishing material, so that the surface of the part can obtain a polishing effect. This method has restrictions on the size of the test piece and the equipment cost is relatively high. Magnetic abrasive polishing is to use a magnetic field to drive magnetic abrasives to form an abrasive brush to perform relative grinding on the test piece in all directions and at multiple angles. This method has high processing efficiency, good quality, easy control of processing conditions, and good working conditions, but it is not suitable for polishing parts made of ferromagnetic materials such as iron and carbon steel.

[0005] Chemical polishing methods include chemical polishing and electrolytic polishing. The complex shape of the part surface has less influence on chemical polishing because the chemical polishing solution can easily reach any position of the polished surface, and the inner cavity surface of the workpiece can be polished. However, new substances are generated during the chemical polishing process, and these chemical reaction products may cause serious pollution to the environment; the generation of new substances during the polishing process makes the original polishing solution unable to be reused. For electrolytic polishing, an insoluble metal is used as the cathode, and the workpiece to be polished is used as the anode. The anode and cathode are simultaneously immersed in the electrolyte, which is a certain salt solution. Then, an electric current (direct current) is applied to cause an electrolytic reaction on the surface of the anode part. The electrolytic reaction gradually dissolves the polished surface of the workpiece, thereby achieving the effect of removing burrs on the surface of the specimen and increasing the brightness of the part surface. The DC power supply voltage used in electrolytic polishing is generally in the range of dozens of volts. The positional relationship between the anode specimen and the cathode affects the distribution of the electric field, and thus affects the polishing effect. At the same time, chemical reactions occur on the surface of the anode specimen, and the electrolyte is consumed; the new substances generated during the electrolysis process will cause environmental pollution in the electrolyte.

[0006] Therefore, the current polishing methods are not applicable to the polishing of complex parts inside the tank machine gun. The polishing efficiency of such complex-shaped parts using traditional polishing methods is low and cannot meet the requirements of mass production. The waste liquid generated by conventional chemical polishing will pollute the environment, and the size of the polished workpiece will vary with the difference in the operating force of the worker, resulting in deviation of the product size, which will affect the shooting accuracy and the life of the part. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polishing device for tank maintenance, which uses electrolyte-plasma polishing technology to polish the workpiece through the discharge removal effect of the gas layer formed between the workpiece and the polishing liquid, and it can solve the polishing of workpieces with complex shapes without generating pollution during the process.

[0008] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An electrolytic cell, which contains an electrolyte solution in which an electrolyte is dissolved;

[0010] A DC power supply, which is arranged outside the electrolytic cell and is provided with a positive lead wire and a negative lead wire, and the negative lead wire is connected to the electrolytic cell;

[0011] A fixture, one end of which is connected to the positive lead wire of the DC power supply;

[0012] A workpiece to be measured, which is placed in the electrolyte solution of the electrolytic cell and one end of which is connected to the fixture.

[0013] Preferably, the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic cell is an ammonium sulfate solution with a concentration of 4%.

[0014] Preferably, the fixture material is made of stainless steel.

[0015] Preferably, the test piece is completely immersed in the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell without touching the bottom and walls of the electrolytic cell, and the fixture is partially immersed in the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell.

[0016] Preferably, the DC power supply uses a voltage of 300V - 440V.

[0017] Preferably, a heating device is provided outside the electrolytic cell.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0019] (1) The polishing device for tank maintenance provided by the present utility model can greatly reduce the surface roughness of tank machine gun parts to achieve a mirror effect, and the roughness can reach Ra 0.2 - 0.04 μm.

[0020] (2) The polishing device for tank maintenance provided by the present utility model can process and repair complex workpieces of tank machine guns, has low requirements for the shape of workpieces, and has a wide processing range.

[0021] (3) The polishing device for tank maintenance provided by the present utility model uses a low-concentration neutral salt as the polishing liquid, has a small degree of acid-base change and small displacement, and belongs to a green process. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the polishing device for tank maintenance described in the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] The following further elaborates on the present utility model with reference to the drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0024] The present utility model provides a polishing device for tank maintenance, which uses electrolyte-plasma polishing technology to polish and repair a certain tank machine gun and its parts, as Figure 1The following is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a polishing device for tank maintenance, which includes: an electrolytic cell filled with an electrolyte solution in which an electrolyte is dissolved. The electrolyte solution is a 4% ammonium sulfate solution, and a heating device is provided outside the electrolytic cell; a DC power supply, which is arranged outside the electrolytic cell and is provided with a positive lead and a negative lead. The negative lead is connected to the electrolytic cell, and the DC power supply uses a voltage of 300V - 440V; a fixture, one end of which is connected to the positive lead of the DC power supply, and the fixture is made of stainless steel; a workpiece to be measured, which is placed in the electrolyte solution of the electrolytic cell, one end of which is connected to the fixture. The workpiece to be measured is completely immersed in the electrolyte solution of the electrolytic cell and does not touch the bottom and walls of the electrolytic cell, and part of the fixture is immersed in the electrolyte solution of the electrolytic cell.

[0025] Before the workpiece to be measured starts to be polished, the temperature of the electrolyte 150 in the electrolytic cell 130 needs to be heated to a preset temperature (generally controlled at 75°C - 90°C). The workpiece to be measured 130 and the electrolyte 150 are applied with a DC voltage. At this time, the electrolyte 150 has entered the electrolytic state. At the same time, the workpiece to be measured 130 slowly enters the electrolyte. Since the workpiece to be measured 130 is in direct contact with the electrolyte 150, a momentary short circuit occurs in the entire system, releasing a large amount of heat energy, causing the electrolyte 150 on the surface of the workpiece to vaporize. An air layer 140 mainly composed of water vapor is stably formed between the electrolyte and the test piece, almost completely isolating the workpiece to be measured 130 and the electrolyte 150, thus greatly increasing the resistance between the cathode electrolyte and the anode workpiece. A high voltage is locally generated on the surface of the workpiece to be measured 130, and the air layer 140 is broken down and discharged to form a discharge channel, generating plasma. Relatively complex and intense plasma physical and chemical reactions occur between the air layer 140 and the surface of the workpiece to be measured 130. Because chemical reaction and discharge removal occur simultaneously, the new substances generated by the chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to be measured 130 are removed again due to discharge. To polish the surface of the workpiece to be measured 130, it is necessary to ensure that the removal speed is greater than the generation speed. When this condition is met, the surface of the workpiece 130 is polished, the surface roughness is reduced, and the surface brightness of the workpiece is increased, achieving the polishing purpose.

[0026] When polishing the workpiece 130 to be measured, an appropriate amount of electrolyte solution 150 dissolved with electrolyte is placed in the electrolytic cell 160. Based on the requirements of the equipment and the workpiece, a heating device is used for heating to preheat the electrolyte solution 150 to a suitable polishing temperature. One end of the workpiece 130 to be measured is connected to the conductive fixture 120, and the fixture 120 is connected to the positive lead of the polishing processing DC power supply 110. The negative lead of the DC power supply 110 is connected to the electrolytic cell 140 filled with the electrolyte solution 150. After turning on the switch of the DC power supply 110, the workpiece 130 to be measured is immersed in the electrolyte solution 150 along with the fixture 120, so that the workpiece 130 is completely immersed in the electrolyte solution 150 without touching the bottom and walls of the electrolytic cell, and a part of the fixture 120 is immersed in the electrolyte solution. The workpiece 130 to be measured is the positive electrode, and electrons are lost and oxidized during the reaction. The surface of the workpiece 130 is corroded and dissolved, while the electrolyte solution 150 is the negative electrode and releases electrons during electrolysis. When the workpiece 130 is gradually immersed into the electrolyte solution 150 at a slow speed until it is completely immersed, an air layer 140 is formed between the surface of the workpiece 130 and the electrolyte solution 150. The air layer 140 separates the workpiece 130 from the electrolyte solution 150 and also blocks the direct passage of current between the anode specimen 130 and the cathode electrolyte solution 150. The sharp points on the surface of the workpiece 130 immersed in the electrolyte solution 150 form local high voltages. Under the action of the high voltages, the current has to penetrate the air layer 140 to generate a gas discharge phenomenon in order to reach the cathode electrolyte solution 150 from the anode specimen 130. The electrons passing through the air layer 140 impact the sharp points on the surface of the specimen 130 in the form of ion beams from the electrolyte solution 150, and complex plasma chemical reactions and electrochemical reactions occur on the convex surface of the part.

[0027] A polishing device for tank maintenance provided by the present utility model adopts the process of electrolyte-plasma polishing. A relatively high DC voltage is applied between the tank machine gun workpiece and the electrolyte solution. Generally, the voltage should be above 250V. The electrolyte solution undergoes an electrolytic reaction, and the workpiece acts as the anode and undergoes an oxidation reaction. When the workpiece is wrapped by the air layer, a gas discharge phenomenon will occur, and the workpiece is surrounded by plasma. At this time, a large number of high-energy ions impact the surface of the workpiece, increasing the glossiness of the workpiece surface and achieving polishing of the workpiece surface. At the same time, it is applicable to the maintenance of complex-shaped parts with complex structures of tank machine guns. A polishing device for tank maintenance provided by the present utility model can process complex workpieces, has low requirements for the shape of the workpiece, has a wide processing range, and the polishing liquid used for polishing adopts a low-concentration neutral salt, with a small degree of acid-base change and a small discharge volume. It belongs to a green process and has good environmental protection.

[0028] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present utility model. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated examples herein.

Claims

1. A polishing device for tank maintenance, characterized in that: include: an electrolytic cell containing an electrolyte in which an electrolyte is dissolved; A direct current power supply is arranged outside the electrolytic cell and is provided with a positive lead and a negative lead, wherein the negative lead is connected to the electrolytic cell; A fixture, one end of which is connected to the positive lead of the DC power supply; The workpiece to be measured is placed in the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and one end of the workpiece is connected to the fixture.

2. The tank maintenance polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp is made of stainless steel.

3. The tank maintenance polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece to be measured is completely immersed in the electrolyte of the electrolytic tank and does not touch the bottom and wall of the electrolytic tank, and the fixture is partially immersed in the electrolyte of the electrolytic tank.

4. The tank maintenance polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage of the DC power supply is 300V-440V.

5. The tank maintenance polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating device is arranged outside the electrolytic cell.

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