Floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities

Abstract

The utility model relates to a floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for an offshore facility. The floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system comprises an outer-layer floating point passive protection system, an inner-layer floating linear passive protection system and a fixed facility, the fixed facility is arranged behind the inner-layer floating type linear passive protection system; the outer-layer floating type point passive protection system is arranged in front of the inner-layer floating type linear passive protection system; wherein the fixed facility is matched with the outer-layer floating type point passive protection system and the inner-layer floating type linear passive protection system. The device has the advantages that large and small ships are repelled and intercepted in far and near distances and large and small ranges respectively, so that the problem that the protection efficiency on the small ships such as fishing boats is relatively weak by virtue of an existing point passive protection system such as a single light buoy is solved; and the ship navigation safety of the engineering water area and the engineering safety are further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of maritime traffic safety, and relates to a floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for maritime facilities. Background Art

[0002] At present, the floating point-type passive protection system represented by light buoys is widely used in maritime structures such as offshore wind farms, marine ranches, and offshore platforms to prevent ships from breaking into the safety protection area. It is a mainstream traditional protection system suitable for maritime facilities.

[0003] With the rapid development of the marine economy, the inventory of offshore maritime structures is increasing day by day, and the conflict between them and offshore ship activities is becoming increasingly serious. The requirements for the protection effectiveness of the protection system and the level of navigation guarantee of maritime structures are becoming more and more stringent.

[0004] Most of the existing floating point-type passive protection systems are set for large merchant ships. During this period, the light buoys are used to dredge ship traffic, so that ships actively stay away from specific waters. Due to the comprehensive consideration of the turning characteristics of the light buoys and engineering economy, the light buoys are mostly set in a large range of waters, and the spacing is usually large. The minimum navigable water area scale required by small ships is small, and the interval between adjacent light buoys in the traditional floating point-type passive protection system is much larger than the minimum navigable water area scale required by small ships, so the dredging effect on small ships such as fishing boats is weak. The floating linear protection interception zone, as a linear continuous protection facility applied in a small range of waters, can directly intercept intruding targets through physical interception. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and provide a floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for maritime facilities.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for maritime facilities includes an outer floating point-type passive protection system, an inner floating linear passive protection system, and a fixed facility; the fixed facility is arranged behind the inner floating linear passive protection system; the outer floating point-type passive protection system is arranged in front of the inner floating linear passive protection system; wherein, the fixed facility cooperates with the outer floating point-type passive protection system and the inner floating linear passive protection system.

[0008] The outer floating point-type passive protection system is composed of a plurality of interconnected light buoy structure units, and among them, adjacent light buoy structure units are respectively arranged equidistantly on the sea surface.

[0009] Preferably, each of the lamp buoy structure units includes a navigation light, a floating body, a first counterweight, a first top mark, a first mooring anchor chain, a first sinker, a passive radar reflector, and an energy facility;

[0010] Among them, a first top mark is fixedly arranged on the floating body, and a navigation light is arranged on the first top mark; a rechargeable battery is arranged inside the floating body, the energy facility is embedded in the floating body, and the rechargeable battery is connected to the energy facility and the navigation light respectively through wires; the energy facility charges the rechargeable battery to ensure the normal operation of the navigation light;

[0011] A passive radar reflector is further arranged on the floating body, wherein the passive radar reflector is used to enhance the radar reflection signal of the floating body; a first counterweight is arranged at the bottom of the floating body, wherein the first counterweight keeps the floating body in a vertical state all the time; first mooring anchor chains are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the floating body, one end of each first mooring anchor chain is fixedly connected to the floating body, and the other end is respectively connected to a first sinker, wherein the first sinker is arranged on the seabed.

[0012] Preferably, the energy facility is a solar panel system.

[0013] Preferably, the inner floating linear passive protection system is composed of a plurality of floating linear interception system units. Among them, each floating linear interception structure unit includes a polymer mooring buoy, a second top mark, a second mooring anchor chain, a second counterweight, a second sinker, a cable-lifting floating plastic floating body, and a horizontal anchor chain; the mooring buoy and the cable-lifting floating plastic floating body respectively float on the sea surface and are arranged in plurality; among them, a plurality of the mooring buoys are connected in series through the horizontal anchor chain; a plurality of the cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies are respectively installed on the horizontal anchor chain and are connected in series through the horizontal anchor chain;

[0014] The mooring buoys are arranged at both ends of the cable-lifting floating plastic floating body and are connected to a second sinker through the second mooring anchor chain; the second sinker is arranged on the seabed.

[0015] Preferably, a second top mark is arranged on the mooring buoy, and a second counterweight is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mooring buoy, and the second counterweight keeps the mooring buoy in a vertical state all the time.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the horizontal anchor chains and the second mooring anchor chains are both set to be a plurality; among them, the horizontal anchor chains connect the mooring buoys and the cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies in series.

[0017] Preferably, the mooring buoy is wrapped with a yellow material and has a diameter of 2m - 3m.

[0018] Preferably, the second top mark is integrally arranged in a yellow X-shaped top mark structure.

[0019] Preferably, the cable-lifting floating plastic float is integrally arranged in a prominent yellow color.

[0020] Preferably, the cable-lifting floating plastic float has a diameter of 0.8 m - 1.2 m and a length of 1 m - 2 m.

[0021] Preferably, the fixed facilities are the buildings of offshore wind farms, offshore pastures, and offshore platforms; among them, the inner floating linear passive protection system is arranged at a position of a small ship with a target ship length three times that of the fixed facilities; the outer floating point passive protection system is arranged at a position of a large ship with a target ship length three times that of the fixed facilities.

[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects obtained by the present utility model include:

[0023] Based on the existing floating point passive protection system represented by light buoys, the present utility model introduces linear passive protection systems such as floating linear interception belts to form a floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system; during the process, the driving away and interception of large and small ships are realized at far and near distances and in large and small ranges respectively, thereby making up for the problem of weak protection effect of the existing single point passive protection system such as a single light buoy on small ships such as fishing boats, and further ensuring the navigation safety of ships in the project waters and the safety of the project itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system of the present utility model for offshore facilities.

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a component unit of the inner floating linear passive protection system (interception belt) of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a component unit of the outer floating point passive protection system (light buoy) of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the beacon light device, energy facility, and rechargeable battery of the present utility model.

[0028] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 1. Fixed facilities;

[0030] 2. Outer floating point passive protection system; 21. Beacon light device; 22. Float;

[0031] 23. First top mark; 24. First mooring anchor chain; 25. First sinker; 26. Passive radar reflector;

[0032] 27. First counterweight; 28. Energy facility; 29. Rechargeable battery;

[0033] 3. Inner floating linear passive protection system; 31. Mooring buoy; 32. Second top mark;

[0034] 33. Second mooring anchor chain; 34. Second counterweight; 35. Second sinker;

[0035] 36. Cable-lifting floating plastic float; 37. Horizontal anchor chain;

[0036] 4. Large ship; 5. Small ship. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] In order to more clearly show the technical content of the present utility model, it will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, on the basis of the existing floating point passive protection system represented by light buoys, a floating linear protection interception belt is added between it and the marine construction (structure), so as to construct a floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for marine facilities; the floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system of the marine facilities mainly includes:

[0039] Fixed facility 1, outer floating point passive protection system 2 and inner floating linear passive protection system 3; the fixed facility 1 is arranged behind the inner floating linear passive protection system 3; the outer floating point passive protection system 2 is arranged in front of the inner floating linear passive protection system 3; wherein, the fixed facility 1 cooperates with the outer floating point passive protection system 2 and the inner floating linear passive protection system 3, for example: the outer floating point passive protection system 2 and the inner floating linear passive protection system 3 formed around the fixed facility 1 (building) can effectively prevent large and small ships from straying in both psychological and physical aspects, ensuring the navigation safety of ships in the project waters and the safety of the project itself.

[0040] In this embodiment, the fixed facility 1 is selected from offshore structures such as offshore wind farms, ocean ranches, and offshore platforms; according to the "Regulations on Aids to Navigation for Structures in Water Areas of the Chinese Sea Areas" (GB17380-2020), the definition of "offshore structures in water areas of the sea areas" is: permanent or temporary structures with fixed positions set in the water areas of the sea areas. Such as drilling platforms, offshore wind farms, independent wind turbines, wind measurement towers and meteorological masts, platforms for collecting ocean hydrological data, etc.; specifically, assume that there is a fixed facility in a certain sea area, and the vessels operating in the nearby waters are mainly large vessels 4 with a ship length of D and small vessels 5 with a ship length of d.

[0041] As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the setting scheme of the outer floating point passive protection system 2 is: a plurality of light buoy structure units are arranged at a position 3 times the target ship length (i.e., 3D) away from the fixed facility, so as to form the outer floating point passive protection system; the adjacent light buoy structure units are respectively arranged equidistantly on the sea surface, and the distance between adjacent light buoys can be determined according to relevant specifications such as the "Guidelines for the Distribution of Floating Aids to Navigation in Sea Areas" (GB T26781-2011) and the actual situation of the project, generally not exceeding 2 nautical miles.

[0042] Among them, each light buoy structure unit includes a navigation light 21 (with Beidou telemetry function) with a range of not less than 3 nautical miles, a floating body 22 with a diameter of 1.8m or 2.4m (the floating body is made of stainless steel or polymer material and is yellow as a whole), a yellow X-shaped first topmark 23, a first mooring anchor chain 24 with a diameter of 38mm, a first sinker 25 made of 5t cast iron or concrete, a passive radar reflector 26 (the reflection area is not less than 35m 2 ), a first counterweight 27 and an energy facility 28;

[0043] The first topmark 23 is fixedly arranged on the floating body, and the navigation light 21 (with Beidou telemetry function) is arranged on the first topmark 23; in order to ensure the normal operation of the navigation light 21, a rechargeable battery 29 is arranged in the floating body 22, as Figure 4 shown, the rechargeable battery 29 is used to provide sufficient electric energy for the navigation light 21; at the same time, in order to ensure the sustainability of the rechargeable battery 29; further, in order to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction, an energy facility 28 is inlaid on the floating body, and the energy facility 28 is electrically connected to the rechargeable battery 29 through a wire; in this embodiment, the energy facility 28 can be a solar panel or other new energy devices with a self-converting energy system (such as a photovoltaic inverter system); among them, the energy facility 28 can charge the rechargeable battery to ensure the normal operation of the navigation light; in this embodiment, its energy facilities are all mature technologies in the existing new energy field, and their structural principles will not be elaborated here.

[0044] A passive radar reflector 26 is also provided on the floating body 22. The passive radar reflector 26 is used to enhance the radar reflection signal of the floating body by increasing the radar reflection area of the floating body, facilitating the identification of the floating body by the ship through radar. A first counterweight 27 is also provided at the bottom of the floating body 22. The first counterweight 27 keeps the floating body in a vertical state all the time. First mooring anchor chains 24 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the floating body 27. One end of each first mooring anchor chain 24 is fixedly connected to the floating body, and the other end is respectively connected to a first sinker 25. The first sinker 25 is arranged on the seabed and is mainly used to fix the first mooring anchor chain 24 and the floating body 22. In this embodiment, the gravity of the first sinker 25 is much greater than the buoyancy of the sea water.

[0045] In this embodiment, the outer floating point passive protection system 2 can warn and guide large ships such as merchant ships at a long distance through the guiding and assisting navigation function of the light buoy, avoiding such ships from breaking into the waters of the offshore structures, so as to drive away the large ships.

[0046] As Figure 2 described, in this embodiment, the setting scheme of the inner floating linear passive protection system 3 is as follows: a floating linear protection interception belt is arranged at a position 3 times the target ship length (i.e., 3d) away from the fixed facility, so as to form the inner floating linear passive protection system. The inner floating linear passive protection system 3 includes a plurality of floating linear interception system units, which are mainly composed of mooring buoys at both ends fixed by horizontal anchor chains with about 25 cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies. The effective interception length is about 500m linear interception units, and multiple floating linear interception system units can be built according to the structure and length of the structure to form an interception belt.

[0047] In this embodiment, each floating linear interception structure unit includes a polymer mooring buoy 31, a second top mark 32, a second mooring anchor chain 33, a second counterweight 34, a second sinker 35, a cable-lifting floating plastic floating body 36, and a horizontal anchor chain 37. The mooring buoy 31 and the cable-lifting floating plastic floating body 36 respectively float on the sea surface. The mooring buoys 31 are connected in series through the horizontal anchor chain 37. A plurality of cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies 36 are respectively installed on the horizontal anchor chain 37, and the mooring buoys 31 and the cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies 36 are connected in series through the horizontal anchor chain 37. A plurality of second sinkers 35 are also connected to both ends of the mooring buoy 31. The second sinkers 35 are arranged on the seabed and are fixedly connected to the mooring buoy 31 through the second mooring anchor chain 33. The mooring buoy 31, the cable-lifting floating plastic floating body 36, the horizontal anchor chain 37, and the second mooring anchor chain 33 can be fixed on the sea surface through the second sinkers 35, and a continuous physical interception facility is formed, so as to effectively prevent ships from straying in and ensure the navigation safety of ships in the project waters and the safety of the project itself.

[0048] In this embodiment, a plurality of mooring buoys 31, cable-lifting floating plastic floats 36, horizontal anchor chains 37 and second mooring anchor chains 33 are provided, and their quantities can be configured according to the water depth conditions of the engineering waters, so as to meet the use requirements in various engineering water scenarios.

[0049] In this embodiment, a second top mark 32 is provided on the mooring buoy 31, and a second counterweight 34 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mooring buoy 31, so that the mooring buoy 31 is always in a vertical state; wherein, the mooring buoy 31 is wrapped with yellow, and its diameter is 2m - 3m; the second top mark 32 is integrally arranged in the form of a yellow X-shaped top mark; the second mooring anchor chain 33 adopts an anchor chain body with a diameter of 38mm, and the second sinker 35 can be selected from a 5t cast iron or concrete sinker + 1t steel sinker.

[0050] In this embodiment, the cable-lifting floating plastic float 36 is integrally set in a striking yellow color; wherein, the diameter of the cable-lifting floating plastic float 36 is 0.8m - 1.2m, and the length is 1m - 2m.

[0051] In this embodiment, the inner floating linear passive protection system 3 can combine its structural units according to the characteristics of the water area and the actual needs of the project, warn and deter small ships at close range, prevent ships from actively ramming across the barrier, so as to realize the interception of small ships.

[0052] It should be noted that: on the basis of the existing floating point passive protection system represented by light buoys, the present utility model introduces linear passive protection systems such as floating linear interception belts to form a floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system; during this period, large and small ships are respectively driven away and intercepted at long and short distances and in large and small ranges, thus making up for the problem that the existing single light buoy and other point passive protection systems have weak protection effects on small ships such as fishing boats, and through the effective application and combination of the two, a double insurance is formed for the protection safety of marine structures, reducing the probability of accidents of marine structures, further ensuring the navigation safety of ships in the engineering waters and the safety of the project itself; in addition, the yellow in the "yellow material", "yellow X-shaped top mark" and "striking yellow color" selected by the present utility model all conforms to industry specifications. The yellow "X" - shaped top mark can represent special signs such as marine operation areas or underwater structures. Special signs are used to mark specific waters or water area characteristics. See the specification "Marine Aids to Navigation Marks in China Sea Areas" (GB 4696 - 2016), and the specification "Regulations on the Shape Display of Marine Aids to Navigation Marks in China Sea Areas" stipulates the dimensions of the top marks.

[0053] The above related descriptions and the descriptions of the embodiments are for the convenience of those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present utility model. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these contents and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the above related descriptions and the descriptions of the embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present utility model according to the disclosure of the present utility model should be within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A floating point-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities, characterized in that, It includes an outer floating point passive protection system, an inner floating linear passive protection system and fixed facilities; the fixed facilities are arranged behind the inner floating linear passive protection system; the outer floating point passive protection system is arranged in front of the inner floating linear passive protection system; wherein, the fixed facilities cooperate with the outer floating point passive protection system and the inner floating linear passive protection system; The outer floating point passive protection system is composed of a plurality of interconnected light buoy structure units, and among them, the adjacent light buoy structure units are respectively arranged equidistantly on the sea surface.

2. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each light buoy structure unit includes a navigation light, a floating body, a first counterweight, a first top mark, a first mooring anchor chain, a first sinker, a passive radar reflector and an energy facility; Among them, a first top mark is fixedly arranged on the floating body, and a navigation light is arranged on the first top mark; a rechargeable battery is arranged in the floating body, the energy facility is embedded in the floating body, and the rechargeable battery is respectively connected to the energy facility and the navigation light through wires; the energy facility charges the rechargeable battery to ensure the normal operation of the navigation light; A passive radar reflector is also arranged on the floating body, and among them, the passive radar reflector is used to enhance the radar reflection signal of the floating body; A first counterweight is also arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and among them, the first counterweight keeps the floating body in a vertical state all the time; First mooring anchor chains are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the floating body, one end of each first mooring anchor chain is fixedly connected to the floating body, and the other end is respectively connected to a first sinker, and among them, the first sinker is arranged on the seabed.

3. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy facility is a solar panel system.

4. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner floating linear passive protection system is composed of a plurality of floating linear interception system units, Among them, each floating linear interception structure unit includes a polymer mooring buoy, a second top mark, a second mooring anchor chain, a second counterweight, a second sinker, a cable-lifting floating plastic floating body, a horizontal anchor chain; the mooring buoy and the cable-lifting floating plastic floating body respectively float on the sea surface and are arranged in multiple numbers; among them, a plurality of the mooring buoys are connected in series through the horizontal anchor chain; a plurality of the cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies are respectively installed on the horizontal anchor chain and are connected in series through the horizontal anchor chain; The mooring buoy is arranged at both ends of the cable-lifting floating plastic floating body and is connected to a second sinker through the second mooring anchor chain; the second sinker is arranged on the seabed.

5. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second top mark is arranged on the mooring buoy, and a second counterweight is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mooring buoy, and the second counterweight keeps the mooring buoy in a vertical state all the time.

6. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the horizontal anchor chains and the second mooring anchor chains are both set to be multiple; among them, the horizontal anchor chain connects the mooring buoys and the cable-lifting floating plastic floating bodies in series.

7. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The mooring buoy is wrapped with a yellow material and has a diameter of 2m - 3m.

8. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second top mark is integrally arranged in a yellow X-shaped top mark structure.

9. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cable-lifting floating plastic floating body is integrally arranged in a yellow eye-catching color.

10. The floating dot-line double-layer enhanced passive protection system for offshore facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed facility is a building of an offshore wind farm, or an offshore ranch, or an offshore platform; Among them, the inner floating linear passive protection system is arranged at a position of a small ship with a target ship length three times that of the fixed facility; The outer floating point passive protection system is arranged at a position of a large ship with a target ship length three times that of the fixed facility.

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