Disturbance enhancing assembly for powder conveying, pneumatic conveying system and roasting system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a disturbance enhancing assembly for material powder conveying, a pneumatic conveying system and a roasting system. The disturbance enhancing assembly comprises a first barrel, a rotating shaft arranged in the first barrel, a driving mechanism in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, a second inlet and a second outlet, the rotating shaft extends in the length direction of the first barrel, and a plurality of paddles are arranged on the rotating shaft and sequentially distributed in the length direction of the rotating shaft. According to the disturbance enhancing assembly, the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process of material powder containing blocks can be effectively improved; and meanwhile, in the pneumatic conveying process, the material powder is further refined, and preparation is made for better proceeding of subsequent procedures. The pneumatic conveying system is simple and compact in structure, the pneumatic conveying smoothness can be effectively improved, the possibility of blocking parts such as pipelines in the process of conveying powder to downstream procedures is reduced, and the pneumatic conveying system has good industrial application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a disturbance enhancement component for powder conveying, a pneumatic conveying system and a roasting system, and belongs to the field of powder pneumatic conveying equipment. Background Technique

[0002] With the explosive growth of the new energy vehicle market, the first batch of power batteries of new energy vehicles have entered the aging stage, leading to the arrival of the "retirement wave" of power batteries. If these retired power batteries are not properly treated, they will pose a great threat to the environment and safety. Therefore, the recycling and utilization of power batteries have become the pain points and hot issues in the current rapid development of the industry.

[0003] Waste lithium battery powder is usually the powdery substance obtained after waste lithium batteries go through pretreatment processes such as disassembly (optional process), crushing, and screening. It mainly includes waste lithium battery powder, positive and negative electrode mixed powder, positive electrode powder, or mixed powder containing the aforementioned materials. The roasting of waste lithium battery powder is one of the common processes in the current resource treatment process of waste lithium battery powder. One of the common methods is to heat the waste lithium battery powder with air. After reaching the roasting temperature, the waste lithium battery powder reacts with oxygen in the air to release a large amount of heat energy. Among them, a large amount of heat needs to be absorbed during the heating process. Therefore, the development of waste lithium battery powder roasting technology is of great significance to the treatment, recycling and utilization of retired batteries of new energy vehicles, and is related to the development of the waste battery treatment industry.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent specification CN117691230A discloses a pretreatment method and a wet recycling method for waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder. The pretreatment method includes the following steps: placing the waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder in a rotary heating furnace and performing roasting treatment in an air atmosphere, and obtaining roasted material after roasting. The pretreatment method is used for the pretreatment of waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder before wet recycling. It mainly oxidizes divalent iron in the black powder to trivalent iron by roasting in an air atmosphere, and at the same time removes impurities such as binders and carbon black. Thus, although no oxidants and organic solvents need to be used during subsequent wet recycling, greatly reducing the amount of waste liquid, however, this patent application does not consider the problem of how to convey materials into the rotary heating furnace.

[0005] In waste lithium battery powder and other waste battery powder treatment enterprises, there is usually a certain distance between the raw material workshop for storing waste battery powder and the roasting workshop. Moreover, waste battery powder is often toxic waste powder, and it is not suitable to be transferred by conveyor belt or manually transferred by a feeding trolley. Therefore, during the R & D process, the applicant thought of using pneumatic conveying to transport waste battery powder. However, waste battery powder often contains organic substances such as binders and electrolytes, which easily cause caking or agglomeration during storage in the raw material workshop. Using a conventional pneumatic conveying mechanism is likely to result in problems such as poor conveying or even blockage, and it is also not conducive to the full and efficient progress of the subsequent roasting reaction. Adding a powder dispersion mechanism upstream of the conventional pneumatic conveying mechanism will increase the complexity of the conveying mechanism and easily cause dust pollution of the toxic waste powder. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a disturbance enhancement component for the pneumatic conveying process of powder to improve the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process of powder (especially powder containing lumps); the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic conveying system; the third purpose of the present invention is to provide a roasting system for waste battery powder.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A disturbance enhancement component includes a first cylinder body, a rotating shaft arranged in the first cylinder body, a driving mechanism drivingly connected to the rotating shaft, and a second inlet and a second outlet arranged on the first cylinder body. The rotating shaft extends along the length direction of the first cylinder body, and a plurality of paddle blades are arranged on the rotating shaft. The plurality of paddle blades are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft.

[0009] In this way, when the pneumatic conveying system is provided with the disturbance enhancement component of the present invention, the coarse mixture of the gas medium and the powder can enter the first cylinder body through the second inlet. The plurality of paddle blades sequentially distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft rotate with the rotating shaft, strongly disturbing the gas-solid coarse mixture, enhancing the turbulence intensity of the gas-solid coarse mixture, further repeatedly dispersing the powder (especially the lumps therein), and mixing it more evenly with the gas medium, forming a more homogeneous and better-flowing gas-solid mixture, thereby effectively improving the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process of the powder containing lumps. At the same time, the powder is further refined during the pneumatic conveying process, preparing for the better progress of the subsequent processes.

[0010] In addition, when the applicant uses the disturbance enhancement component of the present utility model in the roasting system for waste battery powder developed by the applicant, and uses hot air as the gas medium, it is found that: under the action of the disturbance enhancement component, it helps the waste battery powder to expose new surfaces and come into more sufficient contact with hot air for heat exchange, effectively promoting the volatilization and separation of organic substances such as residual electrolyte and binder in the waste battery powder. Furthermore, fine waste battery powder with good fluidity, low organic matter content, and not easy to agglomerate can be obtained, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying and reducing the possibility of blocking components such as pipelines during the transportation of waste battery powder to the roasting furnace. Moreover, after being treated by the disturbance enhancement component, the particle size of the fine waste battery powder participating in the subsequent roasting process has been further refined and the amount of organic matter contained is quite low. The fine waste battery powder and the active substances it contains can come into more sufficient contact with hot air, and the situation of competitive reaction between organic matter and air is greatly reduced, thus making the roasting reaction more efficient and thorough, and further effectively improving the roasting efficiency and roasting adequacy, and obtaining a better roasting effect. In addition, the roasting reaction stage is a high-temperature reaction stage. Since the amount of organic matter contained in the fine waste battery powder is quite low, the possibility of generating toxic and harmful gases such as fluorides, nitrogen oxides, and dioxins due to the oxidation combustion reaction of organic matter in this stage is greatly reduced, effectively reducing the amount of toxic and harmful gases in the high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, it is more environmentally friendly and can also greatly reduce the burden and cost of subsequent tail gas treatment.

[0011] Furthermore, the second inlet is located at or near one end of the first cylinder body, and the second outlet is located at or near the other end of the first cylinder body. Thus, the residence time of the material in the first cylinder body and the collision frequency with components such as the paddle blades can be ensured, and then a good dispersion and homogenization effect can be ensured.

[0012] Furthermore, the position of the second outlet is higher than the position of the second inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle between the axis of the first cylinder body and the horizontal plane is 0 - 90°, preferably 30 - 90°.

[0014] In this way, the fully dispersed material can be smoothly transported, while the agglomerated material or the material with still larger particle size stays in the middle and lower part of the first cylinder body due to its own gravity and can only be transported to the downstream side after continuous airflow and disturbance dispersion.

[0015] Furthermore, the paddle blade includes multiple blades, and the multiple blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. Further, the paddle blade includes at least 2 blades, preferably 3 blades; the at least 2 blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the blades of axially adjacent blades are arranged in an interleaved manner. In this way, the turbulence and flow path of the material flow in the disturbance enhancement component can be further improved, and the collision and contact opportunities between the powder and the blades can be further increased, thereby further enhancing the dispersion and homogenization effects. When the gas medium is hot air, the heating and separation effects of volatile substances can also be further improved.

[0017] Furthermore, the blades are inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, so that the included angle between the width direction of the blade and the cross-section of the first cylinder is 30-60°. In this way, while ensuring the disturbance effect, when the rotating shaft drives the blades to rotate, the effective suction is improved, the material flows more smoothly in the disturbance enhancement component, and at the same time, the powder is prevented from accumulating at the blades.

[0018] Furthermore, at least one of the inner wall of the first cylinder, the rotating shaft, and the blades is made of a heat-conducting material; preferably, the heat-conducting material includes one of magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, steel, and copper alloy. Thus, the above-mentioned related components have good heat-conducting and heat-storing capabilities. During operation, hot gas medium can be used, and the temperature of the above-mentioned components rises rapidly. In this way, in addition to heat exchange with the hot gas medium, the powder can also be heated by multiple and continuous solid-solid interface conduction during the collision and contact process with them, improving the heating effect, more effectively promoting the separation of volatile substances in the powder, promoting the full exposure of the reaction interface and heat transfer interface of the powder, and further optimizing the conveying, pretreatment and subsequent treatment effects of the powder.

[0019] Furthermore, the gas-solid mixer includes a second cylinder, the second cylinder has an inlet end and an outlet end distributed axially, the first inlet, the air inlet, and the first outlet are all arranged on the second cylinder, the first inlet is located at or near the inlet end of the second cylinder, the air inlet is located at or near the inlet end of the second cylinder, and the first outlet is located at or near the outlet end of the second cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, the included angle between the axis of the second cylinder and the horizontal plane is 0-30°.

[0021] Furthermore, the position of the first outlet is higher than the position of the first inlet. In this way, the fully dispersed material can be smoothly transported, while the agglomerated material or the material with still larger particle size stays at the front end of the gas-solid mixture due to its own gravity and can only be transported to the downstream side after continuous air flow disturbance and mechanical dispersion.

[0022] Furthermore, a stirring mechanism is provided in the second cylinder, and the stirring mechanism includes a plurality of dispersion blades arranged axially along the second cylinder.

[0023] Furthermore, the lengths of the plurality of dispersion blades first decrease and then increase along the material transmission direction in the gas-solid mixer, and the densities of the plurality of dispersion blades increase in sequence along the material transmission direction in the gas-solid mixer.

[0024] Thus, the lengths of multiple dispersing blades are distributed in a broken line shape that first decreases and then increases, while the density of the dispersing blades increases in sequence. Through the cooperation of the blade length and density, while achieving full gas-solid mixing and heat transfer between the material and the hot air, the lumpy materials therein are effectively broken up, and at the same time, the material conveying space is fully guaranteed.

[0025] Furthermore, it further includes an intake pipe. The rotating shaft is a hollow pipe. The outlet of the intake pipe is rotatably communicated with one end of the rotating shaft through a rotary joint, and the other end of the rotating shaft is sealed. The blade has a cavity, and the cavity is communicated with the rotating shaft. A plurality of air holes communicated with the cavity are opened on the blade. In this way, a gas medium (such as hot air) can be further introduced through the intake pipe. The gas medium enters the rotating shaft and flows out through the air holes on the blade. On the one hand, when the gas medium sprays out through the air holes on the blade, it will form an impact on the material flow in the disturbance enhancement assembly in another dimension, further increasing its flow turbulence, which helps to make full use of the energy in the gas medium to improve the breaking and heating effects, and further promotes the separation of volatile substances, making full preparations for the next stage of roasting. On the other hand, when the gas medium is hot air, it can further increase the temperature in the first cylinder body and further increase the temperature of high thermal conductivity components such as the rotating shaft and the paddle blades. Solid-solid heat transfer is achieved through the collision and contact between the material and the blade components to more fully heat the powder, further improving the heating and volatile substance separation effects. In addition, the gas medium introduced through the intake pipe can dilute the original gas-solid mixture, reduce the concentration of volatile substances in the gas phase, and lower its partial pressure, which helps the volatile substances in the powder to volatilize more fully.

[0026] Preferably, a third valve is provided on the intake pipe to more conveniently control the intake and the intake volume.

[0027] Furthermore, from the second inlet to the second outlet, the number of air holes on the blades of each paddle blade gradually increases. In this way, when the gas medium is a hot gas medium, the hot gas medium sprays out at high speed from the air holes, and a stable or increasing output flow is formed in the direction from the inlet to the outlet. On the one hand, near the second outlet, it ensures that the hot gas medium carrying sufficient heat exchanges heat with the material preheated to a certain extent in the early stage, maximizing the use of the heat in the hot gas medium, ensuring that the material is heated sequentially in the forward direction, and reducing the temperature difference between the material and the hot gas medium at the second outlet. On the other hand, it enables the material to carry a sufficient amount of hot gas medium into the subsequent gas-solid separator stage, reducing the temperature drop in the gas-solid separation stage to better ensure the preheating effect on the powder.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the present utility model also provides a pneumatic conveying system, including a conveying pipe for pneumatic conveying and a gas-solid separator, and the above-mentioned disturbance enhancement assembly is provided on the conveying pipe.

[0029] In this way, the gas-solid coarse mixture enters the disturbance enhancement component through the conveying pipe. A plurality of blades arranged in sequence along the length direction of the rotating shaft strongly disturb the gas-solid coarse mixture, enhancing the turbulence intensity of the gas-solid coarse mixture. The coarse powder particles are further repeatedly broken up and refined, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying and reducing the possibility of the powder clogging components such as pipelines during the transportation to downstream processes.

[0030] Furthermore, it further includes a gas-solid mixer, which is provided with a first inlet, an air inlet and a first outlet; the disturbance enhancement component is arranged between the first outlet and the gas-solid separator. In this way, the powder to be conveyed and the gas medium enter the gas-solid mixer through the first inlet and the air inlet respectively. The gas medium is preliminarily mixed and broken up with the powder in the gas-solid mixer, so that the agglomerates in the powder are initially broken, and the powder is fully dispersed and suspended in the gas medium to form a gas-solid coarse mixture; subsequently, the gas-solid coarse mixture enters the disturbance enhancement component and is further repeatedly broken up and refined, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying. Through two-stage mixing and breaking up, the fineness of the powder can be further improved, and the possibility of the powder clogging components such as pipelines during the transportation to downstream processes can be further reduced.

[0031] Furthermore, a first fan is provided at the exhaust port of the gas-solid separator. The first fan provides driving force to drive the gas-phase medium and the material to move in the pneumatic conveying system along a predetermined path. Optionally, the first fan can also be arranged at other positions, such as on the conveying pipe. Furthermore, a plurality of disturbance enhancement components are connected in parallel and / or in series between the first outlet and the gas-solid separator. In this way, by connecting a plurality of disturbance enhancement components in parallel, the conveying capacity, the breaking-up and homogenization effects can be guaranteed, the processing efficiency can be improved, and the system can operate more smoothly; by connecting a plurality of disturbance enhancement components in series, the residence time of the gas-solid mixture in the disturbance enhancement component is further increased, the breaking-up and homogenization effects are further improved, and the system operates more smoothly. In addition, the inclination angles of different disturbance enhancement components can be set respectively. For example, some disturbance enhancement components are arranged vertically, and some disturbance enhancement components are arranged horizontally to further enhance the disturbance effect.

[0032] Furthermore, it further includes a transition bin communicated with the discharge port of the gas-solid separator. A third outlet is provided at the bottom of the transition bin, and a fourth valve is provided at the third outlet. In this way, the transition bin can play a buffering role and block the discharge port of the gas-solid separator, so that the gas in the gas-solid separator flows to its exhaust port, and when the fourth valve is in the open state, the gas on the downstream side enters the gas-solid separator.

[0033] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides: a roasting system for waste battery powder, including the disturbance enhancement component as described above, or the pneumatic conveying system as described above.

[0034] Optionally, the battery is an alkali metal battery. Further, the alkali metal battery includes one or more of a lithium battery and a sodium battery.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the disturbance enhancement component of the present utility model can effectively improve the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying process of the powder containing agglomerates; at the same time, during the pneumatic conveying process, the powder is further refined, preparing for the better progress of subsequent processes. The pneumatic conveying system of the present utility model has a simple and compact structure. First, the powder and the gas medium are preliminarily mixed and dispersed through a gas-solid mixer, and then the gas-solid mixture is further repeatedly dispersed and refined through the disturbance enhancement component, which can effectively improve the smoothness of pneumatic conveying, reduce the possibility of clogging components such as pipelines during the transportation of the powder to downstream processes, and has good industrial application prospects. It can well meet the transfer and transportation of powders such as waste battery powder often containing agglomerates between different processing workshops. In addition, the disturbance enhancement component and the pneumatic conveying system of the present utility model have a wide range of applicability to raw materials and are applicable to powdery materials with impurities, wet powders, caked powders, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the disturbance enhancement component of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0037] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the disturbance enhancement component of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0038] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the rotating shaft and the paddle blades of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pneumatic conveying system of Embodiment 6 of the present utility model.

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the roasting system of Embodiment 12 of the present utility model.

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the pneumatic conveying system of Embodiment 13 of the present utility model.

[0042] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the disturbance enhancement component of Embodiment 4 of the present utility model.

[0043] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the rotating shaft and the paddle blades of Embodiment 4 of the present utility model.

[0044] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft of Embodiment 4 of the present utility model.

[0045] Figure 10It is a simplified structural diagram of the roasting system of Example 14 of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict. For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" appear in the following text, they only indicate that the upper, lower, left and right directions are consistent with the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] See also Figures 1 - 3 A disturbance enhancement component includes a first cylinder 2.71, a rotating shaft 2.72 arranged in the first cylinder 2.71, a driving mechanism transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 2.72, and a second inlet 2.74 and a second outlet 2.75 arranged on the first cylinder 2.71, wherein the rotating shaft 2.72 extends along the length direction of the first cylinder 2.71, and a plurality of paddles 2.73 are arranged on the rotating shaft 2.72, and the plurality of paddles 2.73 are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft 2.72.

[0049] The second inlet 2.74 is connected to the first outlet 2.63; the second inlet 2.74 is located on the side wall of one end (lower end) of the first cylinder, and the second outlet 2.75 is located on the side wall of the other end (upper end) of the first cylinder. The second outlet is located at a higher position than the second inlet. The angle between the axial direction of the first cylinder 2.71 and the horizontal plane is 90°. The paddle 2.73 includes three blades, and the three blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 2.72.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment has the same structure as the first embodiment, and the blades of the axially adjacent blades are arranged in an interlaced manner.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment has the same structure as embodiment 2, except that the blades are inclined along the circumference of the shaft so that the angle between the width direction of the blades and the cross section of the first cylinder is 45°. The inner wall of the first cylinder 2.71, the shaft 2.72 and the blades 2.73 are all made of steel.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Repeat Example 1, except that: Figures 7 - 9, the disturbance enhancement component further includes an air inlet pipe, a third valve 6.6 (ventilation butterfly valve) is provided on the air inlet pipe, the rotating shaft 2.72 is a hollow pipe, the outlet of the air inlet pipe is rotatably communicated with one end of the rotating shaft 2.72 through a rotary joint, and the other end of the rotating shaft 2.72 is sealed; the blade has a cavity 2.732, the cavity 2.732 is communicated with the rotating shaft 2.72, a plurality of air holes 2.731 communicated with the cavity are formed on the blade, and air holes are provided on the upper surface of the blade.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] Repeat Example 4, the main difference is that: from the second inlet 2.74 to the second outlet 2.75, the number of air holes on the blades of each paddle 2.73 gradually increases.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] See Figure 4 , a pneumatic conveying system includes a gas-solid mixer 2.6 and a gas-solid separator 2.1, the gas-solid mixer 2.6 is provided with a first inlet 2.61, an air inlet 2.62 and a first outlet 2.63, and the exhaust port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is communicated with a first fan 2.2 (high-pressure fan); a disturbance enhancement component as described in Example 3 is provided between the first outlet 2.63 and the gas-solid separator 2.1. The discharge port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is communicated with a transition bin 2.4, the bottom of the transition bin 2.4 is provided with a third outlet, and a fourth valve 2.5 is provided at the third outlet. The air inlet 2.62 is communicated with a first valve 6.5.

[0060] Example 7

[0061] In addition to having the same structure as Example 6, the gas-solid mixer 2.6 is provided with a first inlet 2.61, an air inlet 2.62 and a first outlet 2.63 and a stirring mechanism arranged in the gas-solid mixer. The gas-solid mixer further includes a second cylinder body, the stirring mechanism is arranged in the second cylinder body, the second cylinder body has an inlet end and an outlet end distributed along the axial direction, the first inlet, the air inlet and the first outlet are all arranged on the second cylinder body, the first inlet is located at the inlet end of the second cylinder body, the air inlet is located at the inlet end of the second cylinder body, and the first outlet is located at the outlet end of the second cylinder body. The axial direction of the second cylinder body forms an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane. The stirring mechanism of the gas-solid mixer includes a plurality of dispersion blades arranged along the axial direction. The outlet of the first fan 2.2 is communicated with a tail gas treatment system 8 to process the gas medium after gas-solid separation; the gas-solid separator 2.1 is a bag filter.

[0062] Example 8

[0063] In addition to having the same structure as Embodiment 7, in this embodiment, the lengths of multiple dispersion vanes first decrease and then increase along the material transmission direction in the gas-solid mixer, and the densities of multiple dispersion vanes increase successively along the material transmission direction in the gas-solid mixer.

[0064] Embodiment 9

[0065] In addition to having the same structure as Embodiment 6, in this embodiment, the position of the first outlet 2.63 is higher than the position of the first inlet 2.61, the included angle between the axis of the second cylinder and the horizontal plane is 15°, and the included angle between the axis of the first cylinder and the horizontal plane is 75°.

[0066] Embodiment 10

[0067] In addition to having the same structure as Embodiment 6, in this embodiment, the number of disturbance enhancement components is 3; the gas-solid mixer 2.6, each disturbance enhancement component, and the gas-solid separator 2.1 are connected in series in sequence.

[0068] Embodiment 11

[0069] In addition to having the same structure as Embodiment 6, in this embodiment, 3 disturbance enhancement components are connected in parallel between the gas-solid mixer 2.6 and the gas-solid separator 2.1.

[0070] Embodiment 12

[0071] See Figure 5 , the applicant integrated the pneumatic conveying system described in Embodiment 7 into a self-developed roasting system, forming a roasting system for waste lithium battery powder. This roasting system includes a bin assembly 1, a gas-solid mixer 2.6, a disturbance enhancement component 2.7, a gas-solid separator 2.1, a roasting furnace 3, an indirect heat exchanger 6, and a tail gas treatment system 8;

[0072] The bin assembly 1 includes a bin body 1.1 for temporarily storing waste lithium battery powder, and a first level gauge 1.2 for monitoring the material level height is provided inside the bin body; the bottom of the bin body is communicated with the first inlet 2.61 through a fifth valve 1.3 (rotary seal valve, which is convenient for realizing quantitative feeding).

[0073] The feed inlet of the roasting furnace 3 is communicated with the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator 2.1 through a feeding mechanism 3.1 (screw feeding mechanism);

[0074] The indirect heat exchanger 6 has a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet. The first medium inlet and the first medium outlet are in communication with each other, and the second medium inlet and the second medium outlet are in communication with each other. The first medium inlet is in communication with the calcination flue gas outlet, and the first medium outlet is in communication with the tail gas treatment system 8 through the second blower 7. The second medium inlet is provided with a third blower 6.3, and the second medium outlet is connected with a fourth valve 6.2 (ventilation butterfly valve). The outlet of the fourth valve 6.2 is connected in parallel with a first valve 6.5 (ventilation butterfly valve) and a second valve 6.4 (ventilation butterfly valve). The outlet of the first valve 6.5 is in communication with the air inlet 2.62 of the gas-solid mixer 2.6, and the outlet of the second valve 6.4 is in communication with the air inlet of the calcination furnace 3.

[0075] In this calcination system, while the pneumatic conveying system 2 realizes the pneumatic conveying of the waste lithium battery material powder, it also completes multi-faceted pretreatment such as preheating, refinement, and organic matter removal of the waste lithium battery material powder. The first blower 2.2 provides suction for the pneumatic conveying system 2, so that the waste lithium battery material powder and part of the hot air are sucked into the gas-solid mixer. Under the high-speed stirring action of the dispersion blades, the waste lithium battery material powder and the hot air are fully mixed and suspended in the hot air. In the gas-solid separator, the waste lithium battery material powder is separated from the air, and the waste lithium battery material powder enters the transition bin 2.4, and the obtained gas enters the tail gas treatment system through the first blower 2.2.

[0076] A second level gauge 2.3 is provided in the transition bin 2.4 to monitor the material level height in the transition bin, ensure a good seal between the transition bin 2.4 and the material, prevent the gas containing organic volatiles and separators from permeating into the calcination furnace, and also prevent the gas in the calcination furnace from reversely permeating into the gas-solid separator. The third outlet is in communication with the inlet of the feeding mechanism 3.1 through a fourth valve 2.5 (rotary seal valve).

[0077] The roasting furnace 3 is a rotary heating furnace; the rotary heating furnace has a rotary cylinder assembly 3.2, and the feeding mechanism 3.1 and the second valve 6.4 are both communicated with the feeding end of the rotary cylinder assembly 3.2; the discharging end of the rotary cylinder assembly 3.2 is provided with a discharging hood 3.4 rotatably connected to the rotary cylinder assembly 3.2, the bottom of the discharging hood 3.4 is provided with a roasted material outlet, and the roasted material outlet is communicated with a cooling device 3.6 through a sixth valve (rotary seal valve) 3.5 to cool down the roasted material; the top of the discharging hood 3.4 is communicated with a first medium inlet. The rotary cylinder assembly 3.2 is provided with a heating module 3.3 to realize the heating of the materials therein. The waste lithium battery powder and hot air are further heated in the roasting furnace, a roasting reaction occurs, and a large amount of heat is released. Since the waste lithium battery powder and air have been heated before entering the rotary cylinder assembly and have reached a certain high temperature state, compared with the roasting reaction of the waste lithium battery powder and air in the rotary cylinder assembly at normal temperature, only a small amount of heat needs to be absorbed and then the roasting reaction temperature will be quickly reached, which can greatly reduce the heating time and heating energy consumption; moreover, during the pneumatic conveying process of the waste lithium battery powder, it has been fully dispersed and the organic matter has been removed, so that the roasting reaction can proceed more efficiently, fully and smoothly.

[0078] A dust removal mechanism is provided between the first medium inlet and the roasting flue gas outlet of the discharging hood 3.4 to remove the dust particles contained in the high-temperature flue gas; the dust removal mechanism includes a cyclone dust collector 4 and a high-temperature dust collector 5, and the roasting flue gas outlet, the cyclone dust collector 4, the high-temperature dust collector 5 and the first medium inlet are communicated in sequence. The discharge ports of the cyclone dust collector 4 and the high-temperature dust collector 5 are both communicated with the cooling device 3.6. Optionally, the high-temperature dust collector is an existing high-temperature resistant dust collector, such as the high-temperature dust collector described in the prior arts such as CN101559307A and CN110743265B.

[0079] In this way, through pneumatic conveying, the problems of transfer and transportation of the waste lithium battery powder between different workshops can be effectively solved, and there will be no dust pollution, and the efficiency is also relatively high; at the same time, by means of the hot air produced by the indirect heat exchanger, not only the pneumatic conveying of the waste lithium battery powder is realized, but also the waste lithium battery powder is pre-heated and dispersed during the pneumatic conveying, which helps to ensure the smoothness of the pneumatic conveying and improve the subsequent roasting efficiency and roasting sufficiency.

[0080] In the above roasting system, during the air roasting process of waste lithium battery powder in the roasting furnace, the high-temperature flue gas generated can exchange heat with air in the indirect heat exchanger to cool the high-temperature flue gas, facilitating subsequent treatment and emission. At the same time, a part of the hot air generated by the indirect heat exchanger enters the gas-solid mixer, where the hot air is preliminarily mixed, dispersed, and preheated with the waste lithium battery powder, causing the waste lithium battery powder to be fully dispersed and suspended in the hot air to form a gas-solid rough mixture. Subsequently, the gas-solid rough mixture enters the disturbance enhancement component, and multiple blades distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft strongly disturb the gas-solid rough mixture, enhancing the turbulence intensity of the gas-solid rough mixture. The coarse particles of the waste lithium battery powder are further repeatedly dispersed, exposing new surfaces, which can effectively promote the volatilization and separation of organic substances such as residual electrolyte and binder in the waste lithium battery powder, thereby obtaining fine waste battery powder with good fluidity, low organic matter content, and not easy to agglomerate, effectively improving the smoothness of pneumatic conveying, reducing the possibility of blocking components such as pipelines during the transportation of waste lithium battery powder to the roasting furnace, and there is no need for gas-solid separation during the preheating process, and the equipment and operation are simple and efficient with low failure rate.

[0081] In addition, influenced by the favorable effect of the pneumatic conveying system, during the process of the screw feeding mechanism transporting the fine waste battery powder to the roasting furnace, there is no need to worry about the agglomeration or caking of the waste lithium battery powder due to extrusion or other effects, which may affect the subsequent roasting effect.

[0082] During roasting, the preheated and fully dispersed fine waste battery powder and hot air are simultaneously input into the roasting furnace. The fine waste battery powder and hot air only need to absorb a small amount of heat to quickly reach the temperature required for the roasting reaction, which helps to reduce the required heating time and heating energy consumption, thereby effectively saving energy, realizing the recycling of heat, and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0083] Moreover, the particle size of the input fine waste battery powder has been further refined and the amount of organic matter contained is quite low. The fine waste battery powder and the active substances contained therein can come into contact with hot air more fully, and the situation of competitive reaction between organic matter and air is greatly reduced, so that the roasting reaction is more efficient and thorough, thereby effectively improving the roasting efficiency and roasting adequacy and obtaining a better roasting effect.

[0084] In addition, the roasting reaction stage is a high-temperature reaction stage. Since the amount of organic matter contained in the fine waste battery powder is quite low, the possibility of generating toxic and harmful gases such as fluorides, nitrogen oxides, and dioxins due to the oxidation combustion reaction of organic matter in this stage is greatly reduced, effectively reducing the amount of toxic and harmful gases in the high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, it is more environmentally friendly and can also greatly reduce the burden and cost of subsequent tail gas treatment.

[0085] It can be seen that the roasting system developed by the applicant with the above-mentioned disturbance enhancement component and pneumatic conveying system exchanges heat between high-temperature flue gas and air through an indirect heat exchanger, and uses part of the hot air for pneumatic conveying and pretreatment of waste lithium battery powder, and uses part of the hot air for air roasting treatment. It can improve the smoothness of the conveying of waste lithium battery powder and solve the problem of raw material conveying faced in the industrial treatment process; at the same time, it realizes the full recycling of heat, which is beneficial to energy conservation and consumption reduction; in addition, the air roasting effect of waste lithium battery powder is better, and the generation amount of toxic and harmful gases is lower. Furthermore, the roasting system developed by the applicant has a better industrial application prospect, which helps to realize the industrial roasting treatment of waste lithium battery powder.

[0086] Example 13

[0087] See Figure 6 , a pneumatic conveying system, including a gas-solid mixer 2.6 and a gas-solid separator 2.1. The gas-solid mixer 2.6 is provided with a first inlet 2.61, an air inlet 2.62 and a first outlet 2.63. The exhaust port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is connected to a first fan 2.2 (high-pressure fan); a disturbance enhancement component as described in Example 4 is provided between the first outlet 2.63 and the gas-solid separator 2.1. The discharge port of the gas-solid separator 2.1 is connected to a transition bin 2.4. The bottom of the transition bin 2.4 is provided with a third outlet, and a fourth valve 2.5 is provided at the third outlet. The air inlet 2.62 is connected to a first valve 6.5.

[0088] Example 14

[0089] Repeat Example 12, the main difference is: See Figure 10 , integrate the pneumatic conveying system described in Example 13 into the roasting system independently developed by the applicant to form a roasting system for waste lithium battery powder; wherein, the inlet of the inlet pipe is connected to the second medium outlet.

[0090] The content clarified in the above embodiments should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention more clearly, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modification of the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims

1. A pneumatic conveying system, characterized in that, It includes a conveying pipe (2.8) for pneumatic conveying and a gas-solid separator (2.1). A disturbance enhancing component for powder conveying is provided on the conveying pipe (2.8). The disturbance enhancing component includes a first cylinder body (2.71), a rotating shaft (2.72) arranged inside the first cylinder body (2.71), a driving mechanism drivingly connected to the rotating shaft (2.72), and a second inlet (2.74) and a second outlet (2.75) arranged on the first cylinder body (2.71). The rotating shaft (2.72) extends along the length direction of the first cylinder body (2.71), and a plurality of blades (2.73) are provided on the rotating shaft (2.72). The plurality of blades (2.73) are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the rotating shaft (2.72).

2. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a gas-solid mixer (2.6). The gas-solid mixer (2.6) is provided with a first inlet (2.61), an air inlet (2.62) and a first outlet (2.63); the disturbance enhancing component is arranged between the first outlet (2.63) and the gas-solid separator (2.1); and / or, it further includes a transition bin (2.4) communicated with the discharge port of the gas-solid separator (2.1). A third outlet is provided at the bottom of the transition bin (2.4), and a fourth valve (2.5) is provided at the third outlet.

3. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 2, characterized in that A plurality of disturbance enhancing components are connected in parallel and / or in series between the first outlet (2.63) and the gas-solid separator (2.1).

4. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 2, wherein The gas-solid mixer (2.6) includes a second cylinder body. The second cylinder body has an inlet end and an outlet end distributed axially. The first inlet (2.61), the air inlet (2.62) and the first outlet (2.63) are all arranged on the second cylinder body. The first inlet (2.61) and the air inlet (2.61) are located at or near the inlet end of the second cylinder body, and the first outlet (2.63) is located at or near the outlet end of the second cylinder body. The axial direction of the second cylinder body forms an angle of 0 - 30° with the horizontal plane, and the position of the first outlet (2.63) is higher than the position of the first inlet (2.61); and / or, the gas-solid mixer (2.6) includes a second cylinder body, and a stirring mechanism is arranged inside the second cylinder body. The stirring mechanism includes a plurality of dispersion blades arranged axially along the second cylinder body; and / or, the gas-solid mixer (2.6) includes a second cylinder body, and a stirring mechanism is arranged inside the second cylinder body. The stirring mechanism includes a plurality of dispersion blades arranged axially along the second cylinder body. The lengths of the plurality of dispersion blades first decrease and then increase along the material transmission direction inside the gas-solid mixer, and the density of the plurality of dispersion blades in the axial direction increases sequentially along the material transmission direction inside the gas-solid mixer.

5. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 1, wherein The second inlet (2.74) is located at or near one end of the first cylinder body (2.71), and the second outlet (2.75) is located at or near the other end of the first cylinder body (2.71).

6. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position of the second outlet (2.75) is higher than the position of the second inlet (2.74).

7. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 1, wherein The paddle blade (2.73) includes multiple blades, and the multiple blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (2.72); and / or, the paddle blade (2.73) includes multiple blades, the multiple blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (2.72), and the axially adjacent blades are staggered with each other; and / or, the paddle blade (2.73) includes multiple blades, the multiple blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (2.72), the blades are inclined along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, so that the included angle between the width direction of the blades and the cross-section of the first cylinder (2.71) is 30-60°.

8. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 7, wherein, The disturbance enhancement component further includes an air inlet pipe, the rotating shaft (2.72) is a hollow pipe, the outlet of the air inlet pipe is rotatably communicated with one end of the rotating shaft (2.72) through a rotary joint, and the other end of the rotating shaft (2.72) is sealed; the blade has a cavity (2.732), the cavity (2.732) is communicated with the rotating shaft (2.72), and a plurality of air holes (2.731) communicated with the cavity are formed in the blade.

9. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 8, wherein, From the second inlet to the second outlet, the number of the air holes (2.731) on the blades of each paddle blade (2.73) gradually increases.

10. A roasting system for waste battery powder, characterized in that, It includes a pneumatic conveying system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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