Impactor

Abstract

The utility model provides an impactor, which belongs to the technical field of impact tools and comprises an outer sleeve, a rear joint, an air inlet seat, a shielding sheet, an air distribution seat, a piston rod, a piston and a drill bit. Two communicating hole groups are formed in the pipe wall of the outer sleeve; an air inlet is formed in the rear joint; an air inlet hole is formed in the air inlet seat, a center hole and an eccentric hole are formed in the air distribution seat, a movable gap is formed between the air inlet seat and the air distribution seat, the shielding piece is movably connected in the movable gap, the piston rod is connected with the air distribution seat, and a through hole is formed in the piston rod; two cavities are formed between the upper end and the lower end of the piston and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the two communicating hole sets are used for being communicated with the two cavities respectively, and the piston slides along the piston rod to be used for opening or closing the communicating hole sets and the cavities. According to the impactor provided by the utility model, the piston vertically exhausts air outwards through the two communicating hole groups on the outer sleeve in the moving process, and no longer exhausts air from the bottom of the outer sleeve, so that the influence on the drilling work of the impactor is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of impact tools, and more specifically, relates to a percussion drill. Background Art

[0002] The down-the-hole hammer is a component of a down-the-hole drill and belongs to the working device of the down-the-hole drill. The down-the-hole hammer is widely used in metallurgy, coal, chemical industry, building materials, mines, water conservancy, hydropower, highways, railways, national defense, construction and other engineering hole-forming operations. The working principle of the hammer: At the beginning of the impact stroke, both the piston and the valve plate are in the extreme upper position. Gas enters the upper cavity of the cylinder through the radial holes of the valve cover and the valve seat, and pushes the piston to move downward at high speed to impact the drill bit. When the spline groove of the piston reaches the bushing and is closed, the pressure in the lower cavity begins to rise. Then, the central hole at the upper end of the piston leaves the air distribution rod, making the upper cavity communicate with the atmosphere and the pressure decrease, and the working stroke ends. When the piston impacts the tail of the drill bit, the valve plate reverses due to the pressure difference between its upper and lower sides, and the piston repeats the return stroke movement. Currently, the exhaust holes are mostly opened on the drill bit. After the high-pressure gas in the upper and lower cavities of the hammer communicates with the exhaust holes, it passes through the drill bit and is discharged outside the hammer; however, for the hammer with this structure, the discharged gas acts on the bottom of the drill hole, which has a certain impact on the drilling operation of the hammer. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a percussion drill to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the gas discharged by the percussion drill acts on the bottom of the drill hole, which has a certain impact on the drilling operation of the percussion drill.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: providing a percussion drill, including an outer sleeve pipe and a rear joint, an air inlet seat, a shielding piece, a gas distribution seat, a piston rod, a piston and a drill bit which are installed in the outer sleeve pipe from top to bottom; two groups of communication holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction are provided on the pipe wall of the outer sleeve pipe; an air inlet is provided on the rear joint; an air inlet hole is provided on the air inlet seat, a central hole and an eccentric hole are provided on the gas distribution seat, an activity gap is provided between the air inlet seat and the gas distribution seat, the shielding piece is movably connected in the activity gap, and the shielding piece is used to make the air inlet hole communicate with the central hole or the air inlet hole communicate with the eccentric hole; one end of the piston rod is connected with the gas distribution seat, and a through hole communicating with the central hole is provided on the piston rod; the piston is slidably connected to the piston rod, and two chambers are formed between the upper and lower ends of the piston and the inner wall of the outer sleeve pipe, and the two groups of communication holes are respectively used to communicate with the two chambers, the piston slides along the piston rod and is used to open or close the communication between the communication hole group and the corresponding chamber; the drill bit is installed at the lower end of the outer sleeve pipe.

[0005] In a possible implementation, the number of the eccentric holes is multiple and they are evenly arranged around the central hole, the number of the air inlet holes is multiple and they are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the air inlet seat; a ring flange for contacting the upper end surface of the shielding piece is provided at the lower end of the air inlet seat, and the ring flange is located between the multiple air inlet holes and the central hole.

[0006] In a possible implementation, a limiting flange extending outward is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the piston rod, the limiting flange is installed on the valve distribution seat and is located within the moving gap; an assembly hole surrounding the limiting flange is provided on the shielding piece.

[0007] In a possible implementation, a first annular protrusion extending upward is provided at the upper end of the valve distribution seat, and a second annular protrusion for butt-joint installation with the first annular protrusion is provided at the lower end of the air inlet seat; the moving gap is between the first annular protrusion and the second annular protrusion.

[0008] In a possible implementation, an annular limiting groove for installing the valve distribution seat is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the communication hole group includes multiple communication holes evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve, and the communication holes of the two communication hole groups are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a long hole penetrating the outer sleeve and a limiting block installed in the long hole are provided on the outer side wall of the lower end of the outer sleeve, and the length direction of the long hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the outer sleeve; a sliding surface for slidingly cooperating with the limiting block and a limiting protrusion corresponding to the limiting block are provided on the drill bit.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a stop rod for limiting the position of the limiting block is provided on the outer sleeve.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the impactor provided by the present utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, when the impactor of the present utility model is in use, high-pressure gas passes through the air inlet on the rear joint and the air inlet hole on the air inlet seat and enters the moving gap. Under the action of the gas pressure, the shielding piece moves downward to open the air inlet hole and the central hole, so that the gas passes through the central hole and enters the through hole and the piston in the piston rod and is located below the piston. As the pressure in the lower chamber increases, the piston is driven to gradually move upward until the lower chamber is connected to the communication hole on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, causing the pressure in the lower chamber to rapidly decrease; at this time, under the action of the upward moving piston, the upper communication hole is closed, causing the pressure in the upper chamber to increase, and then the shielding piece is pushed upward through the eccentric hole so that no more air enters the central hole and the through hole; when the pressure in the upper chamber is large enough, the piston is pushed downward and the lower communication hole is blocked, so that the piston impacts the drill bit; and during this process, the upper chamber is connected to the upper communication hole, causing the pressure in the upper chamber to rapidly decrease, and the high-pressure gas passing through the air inlet hole pushes the shielding piece downward to open the air inlet hole and the central hole again, so that the high-pressure gas can enter the lower chamber again; in this way, during the movement of the piston, the two communication hole groups on the outer sleeve are used to vertically exhaust air outward, rather than exhausting air from the bottom of the outer sleeve, reducing the influence on the drilling work of the impactor. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impactor provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the impactor provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a connection schematic diagram of the air inlet seat, the shielding piece and the air distribution seat provided by the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a connection schematic diagram of the air inlet seat, the shielding piece and the air distribution seat provided by the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Among them, the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0020] 10. Outer sleeve; 11. Rear joint; 12. Air intake seat; 13. Shading piece; 14. Valve distribution seat; 15. Piston rod; 16. Piston; 17. Drill bit; 18. Communication hole group; 181. Communication hole; 19. Air intake port; 20. Air intake hole; 21. Central hole; 22. Eccentric hole; 23. Activity gap; 24. Through hole; 25. Chamber; 26. Annular flange; 27. Limiting flange; 28. Assembly hole; 29. First annular convex part; 30. Second annular convex part; 31. Annular limiting groove; 32. Long strip hole; 33. Limiting block; 34. Sliding surface; 35. Limiting convex part; 36. Stop rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0023] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5, the impactor provided by the present utility model will be described hereinafter. An impactor includes an outer sleeve 10, and a rear joint 11, an air intake seat 12, a shielding piece 13, a gas distribution seat 14, a piston rod 15, a piston 16 and a drill bit 17 which are installed in the outer sleeve 10 from top to bottom; two communication hole groups 18 are arranged on the pipe wall of the outer sleeve 10 at intervals along the axial direction; an air intake port 19 is provided on the rear joint 11; an air intake hole 20 is provided on the air intake seat 12, a central hole 21 and an eccentric hole 22 are provided on the gas distribution seat 14, an activity gap 23 is provided between the air intake seat 12 and the gas distribution seat 14, the shielding piece 13 is movably connected in the activity gap 23, and the shielding piece 13 is used to communicate the air intake hole 20 with the central hole 21 or the air intake hole 20 with the eccentric hole 22; one end of the piston rod 15 is connected to the gas distribution seat 14, and a through hole 24 communicating with the central hole 21 is provided on the piston rod 15; the piston 16 is slidably connected to the piston rod 15, and two chambers 25 are formed between the upper and lower ends of the piston 16 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 10, and the two communication hole groups 18 are respectively used to communicate with the two chambers 25, the piston 16 slides along the piston rod 15 and is used to open or close the communication between the communication hole group 18 and the corresponding chamber 25; the drill bit 17 is installed at the lower end of the outer sleeve 10.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, when in use, the impactor provided by the present utility model allows high-pressure gas to pass through the air intake port 19 on the rear joint 11 and the air intake hole 20 on the air intake seat 12 and enter the activity gap 23. Under the action of the gas pressure, the shielding piece 13 moves downward to open the air intake hole 20 and the central hole 21, so that the gas passes through the central hole 21 and enters the through hole 24 and the piston 16 in the piston rod 15 and is located below the piston 16. As the pressure in the lower chamber 25 below the piston 16 increases, the piston 16 is driven to gradually move upward until the lower chamber 25 is connected to the communication hole 181 on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 10, causing the pressure in the lower chamber 25 to rapidly decrease; at this time, under the action of the upward moving piston 16, the upper communication hole 181 is closed, increasing the pressure in the upper chamber 25, and then pushing the shielding piece 13 upward through the eccentric hole 22 to stop the intake of gas in the central hole 21 and the through hole 24; when the pressure in the upper chamber 25 is high enough, the piston 16 is pushed downward and the lower communication hole 181 is blocked, so that the piston 16 impacts on the drill bit 17; during this process, the upper chamber 25 is connected to the upper communication hole 181, causing the pressure in the upper chamber 25 to rapidly decrease, and the high-pressure gas passing through the air intake hole 20 pushes the shielding piece 13 downward to open the air intake hole 20 and the central hole 21 again, so that the high-pressure gas can enter the lower chamber 25 again; in this way, during the movement of the piston 16, the gas is vertically exhausted outward through the two communication hole groups 18 on the outer sleeve 10 instead of exhausting from the bottom of the outer sleeve 10, reducing the impact on the drilling work of the impactor.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4As a specific embodiment of the impactor provided by the utility model, the number of eccentric holes 22 is multiple and evenly arranged around the central hole 21, the number of air inlet holes 20 is multiple and evenly arranged along the circumference of the air inlet seat 12; the lower end of the air inlet seat 12 is provided with an annular flange 26 for contacting the upper end surface of the shielding sheet 13, and the annular flange 26 is located between the multiple air inlet holes 20 and the central hole 21; the multiple eccentric holes 22 are arranged around the central hole 21, and the multiple air inlet holes 20 on the air inlet seat 12 are arranged in an annular shape and are located above the multiple eccentric holes 22; the shielding sheet 13 The shielding piece 13 is installed in the movable gap 23, and the radius of the shielding piece 13 is greater than the sum of the radius of the eccentric hole 22 and the distance between the center of the eccentric hole 22 and the center of the gas distribution seat 14, and the radius of the shielding piece 13 is smaller than the sum of the radius of the air inlet hole 20 and the distance between the center of the air inlet hole 20 and the center of the air inlet seat 12, so that the shielding piece 13 moves upward in the movable gap 23 and the upper end surface of the shielding piece 13 abuts against the lower end surface of the annular flange 26 to allow the air inlet hole 20 to enter the eccentric hole 22, and the shielding piece 13 moves downward in the movable gap 23 to allow the air inlet hole 20 to enter the center hole 21. An annular center protrusion can be installed at the center of the gas distribution seat 14, and an assembly hole 28 is provided on the shielding piece 13 to be slidably sealed and connected to the annular center protrusion.

[0028] See also Figures 2 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the impactor provided by the utility model, a limit flange 27 extending outward is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the piston rod 15, and the limit flange 27 is installed on the valve seat 14 and is located in the movable gap 23; an assembly hole 28 arranged around the limit flange 27 is provided on the shielding plate 13; therefore, after the valve seat 14 is installed, the piston rod 15 is passed through the center hole 21 of the valve seat 14 from top to bottom, and the limit flange 27 is stuck at the upper end of the valve seat 14, and then the shielding plate 13 is installed and the assembly hole 28 on the shielding plate 13 is slidably connected with the limit flange 27.

[0029] See also Figures 2 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the impactor provided by the utility model, a first annular protrusion 29 extending upward is provided at the upper end of the gas distribution seat 14, and a second annular protrusion 30 is installed at the lower end of the air intake seat 12 to be opposite to the first annular protrusion 29; there is a movable gap 23 between the first annular protrusion 29 and the second annular protrusion 30; that is, when the air intake seat 12 and the gas distribution seat 14 are installed together, the second annular protrusion 30 at the lower end of the air intake seat 12 is opposite to the first annular protrusion 29 at the upper end of the gas distribution seat 14, thereby forming a movable gap 23 between the first annular protrusion 29 and the second annular protrusion 30, which can also ensure the accurate and stable connection between the gas distribution seat 14 and the air intake seat 12.

[0030] See also Figure 2, as a specific implementation of the impactor provided by the present utility model, an annular limiting groove 31 for installing the air distribution seat 14 is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 10; the annular limiting groove 31 is arranged on the upper side of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 10. During installation, the air distribution seat 14 is pre-installed, and the outer side surface of the air distribution seat 14 is fitted and installed with the annular limiting groove 31. With the help of the annular limiting groove 31, the air distribution seat 14 is limited and installed in the outer sleeve 10. Then, the shielding piece 13, the air inlet seat 12, and the rear joint 11 are installed in sequence, so that the lower end of the rear joint 11 abuts against the air inlet seat 12.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , as a specific implementation of the impactor provided by the present utility model, the communication hole group 18 includes a plurality of communication holes 181 arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve 10, and the communication holes 181 of the two communication hole groups 18 are arranged in a staggered manner; each communication hole group 18 includes a plurality of communication holes 181, so that when the two chambers 25 in the outer sleeve 10 communicate with the outside, the gas in the chambers 25 can flow out quickly and evenly, and at the same time, the entire impactor is relatively stable and will not be skewed, ensuring the drilling accuracy.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , as a specific implementation of the impactor provided by the present utility model, a long hole 32 penetrating the outer sleeve 10 and a limiting block 33 installed in the long hole 32 are provided on the outer side wall of the lower end of the outer sleeve 10, and the length direction of the long hole 32 is perpendicular to the length direction of the outer sleeve 10; a sliding surface 34 slidably engaged with the limiting block 33 and a limiting protrusion 35 corresponding to the limiting block 33 are provided on the drill bit 17; the long hole 32 is perpendicular to the outer sleeve 10, and the long hole 32 is located above the axis of the outer sleeve 10. Then, the limiting block 33 is installed in the long hole 32 so that the limiting block 33 is located inside the outer sleeve 10. When the drill bit 17 is installed into the outer sleeve 10, the sliding surface 34 on the drill bit 17 is slidably engaged with the side surface of the limiting block 33, and a limiting protrusion 35 extending towards the limiting block 33 is provided at the end of the sliding surface 34 extending into the outer sleeve 10. During the process of the drill bit 17 impacting the ground to form a hole, with the help of the limiting relationship between the limiting protrusion 35 and the limiting block 33, the drill bit 17 will not break away from the outer sleeve 10. When assembling the impactor, first install the drill bit 17 into the outer sleeve 10, and then install the limiting block 33 in the long hole 32.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5, as a specific implementation of the impactor provided by the present utility model, a stop rod 36 for restricting the position of the limit block 33 is provided on the outer sleeve 10; one end of the long strip hole 32 is a sealing end, and the other end is an open end. When installing the limit block 33, the limit block 33 passes through the open end and enters the long strip hole 32, and then the stop rod 36 is installed on one side of the open end of the long strip hole 32, so as to stably and reliably install the limit block 33 in the long strip hole 32. A screw hole is opened on the outer sleeve 10 on one side of the open end, and a threaded section for threadedly connecting to the screw hole is provided on the outer side surface of the stop rod 36.

[0034] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An impactor, characterized in that, It includes an outer sleeve, and a rear joint, an air inlet seat, a shielding piece, a gas distribution seat, a piston rod, a piston and a drill bit which are installed in the outer sleeve from top to bottom; two communication hole groups are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the tube wall of the outer sleeve; an air inlet is provided on the rear joint; an air inlet hole is provided on the air inlet seat, a central hole and an eccentric hole are provided on the gas distribution seat, an activity gap is provided between the air inlet seat and the gas distribution seat, the shielding piece is movably connected in the activity gap, and the shielding piece is used to connect the air inlet hole with the central hole or the air inlet hole with the eccentric hole; one end of the piston rod is connected to the gas distribution seat, and a through hole communicating with the central hole is provided on the piston rod; the piston is slidably connected to the piston rod, and two chambers are formed between the upper and lower ends of the piston and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and the two communication hole groups are respectively used to communicate with the two chambers, and the piston slides along the piston rod and is used to open or close the communication hole group and the corresponding chamber; the drill bit is installed at the lower end of the outer sleeve.

2. The impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the eccentric holes is multiple and they are evenly arranged around the central hole, the number of the air inlet holes is multiple and they are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the air inlet seat; a ring-shaped flange for contacting the upper end surface of the shielding piece is provided at the lower end of the air inlet seat, and the ring-shaped flange is located between the multiple air inlet holes and the central hole.

3. The impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting flange extending outward is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the piston rod, the limiting flange is installed on the gas distribution seat and is located in the activity gap; an assembly hole surrounding the limiting flange is provided on the shielding piece.

4. The impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first ring-shaped protruding part extending upward is provided at the upper end of the gas distribution seat, and a second ring-shaped protruding part for butt-joint installation with the first ring-shaped protruding part is provided at the lower end of the air inlet seat; the activity gap is between the first ring-shaped protruding part and the second ring-shaped protruding part.

5. The impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ring-shaped limiting groove for installing the gas distribution seat is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve.

6. The impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each communication hole group includes multiple communication holes evenly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve, and the communication holes of the two communication hole groups are arranged staggeredly.

7. The impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A long hole penetrating the outer sleeve and a limiting block installed in the long hole are provided on the outer side wall of the lower end of the outer sleeve, and the length direction of the long hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the outer sleeve; a sliding surface slidably matched with the limiting block and a limiting protruding part corresponding to the limiting block are provided on the drill bit.

8. The impulse device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A stop rod for limiting the position of the limiting block is provided on the outer sleeve.

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