Antenna unit and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, the antenna comprises a dielectric layer, a radiation layer and a feed layer, and the dielectric layer comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; the radiation layer is arranged on the first surface, the radiation layer is provided with a first slot unit, a second slot unit, a grounding hole and a first feeding point, the first slot unit and the second slot unit are symmetrical about the center line of the radiation layer, and the first slot unit is communicated with the second slot unit; and the feed layer is arranged on the second surface, and the feed layer is connected with the radiation layer through the grounding hole. Through the above mode, the broadband slot antenna can change the direction and input impedance of current, further introduces four transmission poles and two transmission zeros, and effectively solves the problem of poor selectivity of a conventional broadband slot antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Due to the advantages of traditional broadband planar slot antennas such as low profile, small size, light weight, simple design, high data transmission rate, and easy integration with other components, they have received extensive attention and in-depth research from scholars and engineers in the industry.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the inventors found that: since traditional broadband slot antennas usually lack transmission zeros near the passband edge, there is a problem of low selectivity, and thus the frequency band resources cannot be efficiently utilized. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The main technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna unit. By setting a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit on the radiation layer and using the concept of multimode to obtain a traditional broadband slot antenna; then adding two open-circuit stubs to the feeding layer to introduce two controllable transmission zeros, the problem of poor selectivity of traditional broadband slot antennas can be effectively solved, and high selectivity and broadband characteristics are achieved, enabling it to be better applied to modern wireless communication terminals.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present application is: to provide an antenna unit, including a dielectric layer, a radiation layer, and a feeding layer. The dielectric layer includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; the radiation layer is disposed on the first surface, and the radiation layer is provided with a first slot unit, a second slot unit, a grounding hole, and a first feeding hole. The first slot unit and the second slot unit are symmetric about the center line of the radiation layer, and the first slot unit and the second slot unit are connected. The feeding layer is disposed on the second surface, and the feeding layer is connected to the radiation layer through the grounding hole.

[0006] Optionally, the first slot unit includes a first slot stub, and the first slot stub extends a second slot stub and a third slot stub respectively. The second slot stub and the third slot stub are arranged opposite to each other, and one end of the first slot stub is connected to the second slot unit.

[0007] Optionally, the second slot unit includes a fourth slot stub, and the fourth slot stub extends a fifth slot stub and a sixth slot stub respectively. The fifth slot stub and the sixth slot stub are arranged opposite to each other, and one end of the second slot stub is connected to the first slot unit.

[0008] Optionally, a second feeding hole is provided in the feeding layer, and the second feeding hole and the first feeding hole can form a back-feed feeding structure to transmit signals to the feeding layer in a back-feed form.

[0009] Optionally, the feeding layer further includes a shorting stub and an open stub. The shorting stub and the back-feed feeding structure form a broadband feeding network. The shorting stub extends a first open stub and a second open stub respectively, and the first open stub and the second open stub are arranged in parallel.

[0010] Optionally, the radiation layer further includes a first conductive part and a second conductive part, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part are connected through the first slot unit and the second slot unit.

[0011] Optionally, the first conductive part includes a first rectangular radiation part, a second rectangular radiation part and a third rectangular radiation part. The second rectangular radiation part is connected to the first rectangular radiation part and the third rectangular radiation part respectively. The second conductive part is connected to the first rectangular radiation part and the third rectangular radiation part respectively.

[0012] Optionally, the second conductive part includes a fourth rectangular radiation part, a fifth rectangular radiation part and a sixth rectangular radiation part. The fifth rectangular radiation part is connected to the fourth rectangular radiation part and the sixth rectangular radiation part respectively. The first conductive part is connected to the fourth rectangular radiation part and the sixth rectangular radiation part respectively.

[0013] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present application is: to provide a communication device including any one of the above antenna units.

[0014] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna unit. The antenna unit includes a dielectric layer, a radiation layer and a feeding layer. The dielectric layer includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; the radiation layer is disposed on the first surface. The radiation layer is provided with a first slot unit, a second slot unit, a grounding hole and a first feeding hole. The first slot unit and the second slot unit are symmetric about the center line of the radiation layer, and the first slot unit and the second slot unit are communicated; the feeding layer is disposed on the second surface, and the feeding layer is connected to the radiation layer through the grounding hole. By providing a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit in the radiation layer, a traditional broadband slot antenna is obtained by using the concept of multimode; and then two open stubs are added to the feeding layer to introduce two controllable transmission zeros, which can effectively solve the problem of poor selectivity of the traditional broadband slot antenna, realize high selectivity and broadband characteristics, and enable it to be better applied to modern wireless communication terminals. Description of the Drawings

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is another schematic diagram of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the grounding unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 is yet another schematic diagram of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 is the front layout of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 is the back layout of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 is the simulation result diagram of the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9 is the simulation result diagram of the maximum gain of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 10 is the simulation result diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The reference numerals in the specific embodiments are as follows: 100, antenna unit; 10, dielectric layer; 101, first surface; 102, second surface; 20, radiation layer; 201, first slot unit; 211, first slot branch; 212, second slot branch; 213, third slot branch; 202, second slot unit; 221, fourth slot branch; 222, fifth slot branch; 223, sixth slot branch; 203, first feeding hole; 204, first conductive part; 205, second conductive part; 241, first rectangular radiation part; 242, second rectangular radiation part; 243, third rectangular radiation part; 251, fourth rectangular radiation part; 252, fifth rectangular radiation part; 253, sixth rectangular radiation part; 30, feeding layer; 311, short - circuit branch; 312, grounding hole; 313, first open - circuit branch; 314, second open - circuit branch; 315, second feeding hole. Specific embodiments

[0027] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is expressed as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements therebetween. When an element is expressed as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the description of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0029] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the antenna unit 100 includes a dielectric layer 10, a radiation layer 20 and a feeding layer 30. The dielectric layer 10 is usually made of a material with a relatively high dielectric constant, such as ceramic, plastic or special composite material. The dielectric layer 10 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 which are oppositely arranged; the radiation layer 20 is disposed on the first surface 101, and the radiation layer 20 is provided with a first slot unit 201, a second slot unit 202, a first feeding hole 203 and a grounding hole 312. The first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 202 are symmetrically radiated about the center line of the radiation layer 20, and the first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 202 are connected, which helps to achieve good radiation performance. The feeding layer 30 is disposed on the second surface 102, and the 20 is grounded to the feeding layer 30 through the grounding hole 203. When the antenna unit 100 is working, the current on the radiation layer 20 needs to flow back to the power supply or ground through a certain path to form a complete current loop. The grounding hole 312 and the feeding layer 30 together provide such a path, ensuring that the antenna unit 100 can work normally. A good grounding connection also helps to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna. When the current on the feeding layer 20 can flow smoothly back to the feeding layer 30, the radiation ability of the antenna unit 100 will be enhanced, thereby improving its overall performance.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 , the first slot unit 201 includes a first slot branch 211. The first slot branch 211 respectively extends a second slot branch 212 and a third slot branch 213. The second slot branch 212 and the third slot branch 213 are oppositely arranged. One end of the first slot branch 211 is connected to the second slot unit 202, so that a tight electrical and radiation coupling is formed between the two slot units. This coupling effect helps to enhance the overall performance of the antenna unit 100, so that the antenna unit 100 can maintain good radiation efficiency and gain in a wider frequency range.

[0032] Furthermore, the second slot unit 202 includes a fourth slot branch 221. The fourth slot branch 221 respectively extends a fifth slot branch 222 and a sixth slot branch 223. The fifth slot branch 222 and the sixth slot branch 223 are oppositely arranged. One end of the second slot branch 212 is connected to the first slot unit 201, so that a tight electrical and radiation coupling is formed between the two slot units. This coupling effect helps to enhance the overall performance of the antenna unit 100, so that the antenna unit 100 can maintain good radiation efficiency and gain in a wider frequency range.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 4, the feeding layer 30 is provided with a second feeding hole 315. The second feeding hole 315 and the first feeding hole 203 can jointly form a backfeeding structure, which can transmit signals to the feeding layer in a backfeeding form. The feeding layer 30 further includes a shorting stub 311. The shorting stub 311 and the backfeeding structure can form a broadband feeding network. The shorting stub 311 extends a first open stub and a second open stub respectively, and the first open stub 313 and the second open stub 314 are arranged in parallel, which can be used to introduce two transmission zeros to improve selectivity. By such an arrangement, not only can the broadband characteristics of the antenna be ensured, but also the high selectivity characteristics of the antenna's sidebands can be ensured, so that the frequency band resources can be efficiently utilized.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 5 , the feeding layer 20 further includes a first conductive part 204 and a second conductive part 205. The first conductive part 204 and the second conductive part 205 are connected through the first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 202. The first conductive part 204 includes a first rectangular radiation part 241, a second rectangular radiation part 242 and a third rectangular radiation part 243. The second rectangular radiation part 242 is respectively connected to the first rectangular radiation part 241 and the third rectangular radiation part 243. The second conductive part 205 is respectively connected to the first rectangular radiation part 241 and the third rectangular radiation part 243. The second conductive part 205 includes a fourth rectangular radiation part 251, a fifth rectangular radiation part 252 and a sixth rectangular radiation part 253. The fifth rectangular radiation part 252 is respectively connected to the fourth rectangular radiation part 251 and the sixth rectangular radiation part 253. The first conductive part 204 is respectively connected to the fourth rectangular radiation part 251 and the sixth rectangular radiation part 253. The first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 202 serve as bridges connecting the first conductive part 204 and the second conductive part 205, not only providing electrical connection but also introducing additional resonance points. These resonance points help to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna. For the antenna unit in this application, please refer to Figure 6 , the present application provides the following embodiments: In this design example, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 10 is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.762 mm; the radiation layer 20 is copper-plated, and the thickness is 0.035 mm. The front and back sides of the layout of this design example are as Figure 6 and 7 shown, where L G is the length of the radiation layer 20, W G is the width of the radiation layer 20, L S1 is the length of the second slot stub 212, L S2 is the length of the sixth slot stub 223, D S1 is the distance between the end of the sixth slot stub 223 and the end of the fourth slot 221, DS2 is the distance from the fifth slot stub to the end of the fourth slot stub 221, D S3 is the distance between the third slot stub 213 and the sixth slot stub 223, W S is the width of the sixth slot stub 223, L F is the length of the microstrip line with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, W F is the width of the microstrip line with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, L1 is the length of the first open stub 313, W1 is the width of the first open stub 313, L2 is the length of the second open stub 314, W2 is the width of the second open stub 314, Φ V is the diameter of the via hole.

[0035] The broadband antenna designed based on this structure has four transmission poles and two transmission zeros. The frequencies corresponding to the four transmission poles are named from low to high as, f p1 , f p2 , f p3 , f p4 , and the frequencies corresponding to these four transmission poles and the parameters L S1 , L S2 , D S1 , D S2 , D S3 The relationship is:

[0036]

[0037] and where, ε rs is the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 10, and the frequencies f Z1 , f Z2 corresponding to the transmission zeros and the parameters L1, L2 can be summarized as: and

[0038]

[0039] Based on the broadband slot antenna with this structure, it has four transmission poles to ensure the flatness of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency within the bandwidth; there are two transmission zeros, and these two transmission zeros can raise the standing wave ratio at their corresponding frequencies, preventing the signal from entering the multi-mode radiator from the feed port, thus achieving high selectivity.

[0040] For the antenna unit 100 in this application, please refer to Figure 8 , this application also provides an example: L G = 138 mm, W G = 89 mm, L S1 = 15.6 mm, L S2 = 16.3 mm, DS1 = 16.2 mm, D S2 = 20.1 mm, D S3 = 34.1 mm, W S = 3.8 mm, L F = 50 mm, W F = 1.8 mm, L1 = 26.5 mm, L2 = 10.0 mm, W1 = 0.1 mm, W2 = 0.1 mm, Φ V = 1.4 mm. The simulation results of the VSWR of the antenna element 100 after parameter optimization are as Figure 8 shown. It can be easily seen from the figure that the passband bandwidth range with a VSWR less than 2 is from 2.09 GHz to 3.59 GHz, the center frequency is 2.84 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 1.5 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 52.8%, showing the characteristics of broadband. Within the passband, there are also four transmission poles, located at 2.23 GHz, 2.79 GHz, 3.26 GHz, and 3.54 GHz respectively, ensuring the flatness of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency within the passband. In addition, there are two transmission zeros outside the passband, located at 1.8 GHz and 4.2 GHz respectively. These two transmission zeros can greatly increase the VSWR of the antenna and effectively improve the selectivity of the antenna.

[0041] Figure 9 The figure shows the simulation result diagram of the maximum gain of the antenna element 100. It can be seen from the figure that within the passband, the average maximum gain of the antenna element 100 is 5.2 dBi, and the maximum gain ripple is less than 2 dB, showing the characteristics of high gain and flat ripple. In addition, the maximum gain outside the passband drops rapidly, with a drop slope of 200 dB / GHz at the lower passband edge and 20.5 dB / GHz at the upper passband edge, showing the high selectivity characteristics of the antenna.

[0042] Figure 10 The figure shows the simulation result diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna element 100. It can be seen from the figure that within the passband, the average radiation efficiency of the antenna element 100 is 95.8%, and the minimum radiation efficiency is 88%, showing the characteristics of high radiation efficiency. In addition, the radiation efficiency outside the passband decays rapidly to near 0, showing the high selectivity characteristics of the antenna element 100.

[0043] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100. The antenna unit 100 includes a dielectric layer 10, a radiation layer 20, and a feeding layer 30. The dielectric layer 10 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 which are oppositely arranged; the radiation layer 20 is disposed on the first surface 101. The radiation layer 20 is provided with a first slot unit 201, a second slot unit 202, a first feeding hole 203, and a grounding hole 312. The first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 202 are symmetric about the center line of the radiation layer 20, and the first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 202 are connected; the feeding layer 30 is disposed on the second surface 102. The radiation layer 20 is connected to the feeding layer 30 through the grounding hole 312. By providing a first radiation unit 201 and a second radiation unit 202 on the radiation layer 20, the direction of the current can be changed, thereby introducing four transmission poles; by providing two open-circuit stubs on the feeding layer, two controllable transmission zeros can be introduced; optimizing the antenna structure can effectively solve the problem of poor selectivity of traditional broadband slot antennas, realizing high selectivity and broadband characteristics, so that it can be better applied to modern wireless communication terminals.

[0044] The present application further provides an embodiment of a communication device. The communication device includes the above-mentioned antenna unit 100. For the specific structure and function of the antenna unit 100, reference may be made to the above embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

[0045] The above are only the embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that, Comprising: A dielectric layer including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; A radiation layer disposed on the first surface, the radiation layer being provided with a first slot unit, a second slot unit, a grounding hole, and a first feeding hole, the first slot unit and the second slot unit being symmetric about the center line of the radiation layer, and the first slot unit and the second slot unit being connected; A feeding layer disposed on the second surface, the feeding layer being grounded and connected to the radiation layer through the grounding hole.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the first slot unit includes a first slot branch, the first slot branch respectively extends a second slot branch and a third slot branch, the second slot branch and the third slot branch are disposed opposite to each other, and one end of the first slot branch is connected to the second slot unit.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the second slot unit includes a fourth slot branch, the fourth slot branch respectively extends a fifth slot branch and a sixth slot branch, the fifth slot branch and the sixth slot branch are disposed opposite to each other, and one end of the second slot branch is connected to the first slot unit.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the feeding layer is provided with a second feeding hole, and the second feeding hole and the first feeding hole form a backfeeding structure to transmit signals to the feeding layer in a backfeeding form.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 4, wherein the feeding layer further includes a short - circuit branch and an open - circuit branch, the short - circuit branch and the backfeeding structure form a broadband feeding network, the short - circuit branch respectively extends a first open - circuit branch and a second open - circuit branch, and the first open - circuit branch and the second open - circuit branch are disposed in parallel.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the radiation layer further includes a first conductive part and a second conductive part, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part are connected through the first slot unit and the second slot unit.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 6, wherein the first conductive part includes a first rectangular radiation part, a second rectangular radiation part, and a third rectangular radiation part, the second rectangular radiation part is respectively connected to the first rectangular radiation part and the third rectangular radiation part, and the second conductive part is respectively connected to the first rectangular radiation part and the third rectangular radiation part.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 6, wherein the second conductive part includes a fourth rectangular radiation part, a fifth rectangular radiation part, and a sixth rectangular radiation part, the fifth rectangular radiation part is respectively connected to the fourth rectangular radiation part and the sixth rectangular radiation part, and the first conductive part is respectively connected to the fourth rectangular radiation part and the sixth rectangular radiation part.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, Comprising the antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 - 8.

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