Ventilation cooling system for underground granary

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underground granary ventilation cooling system, which comprises a fan, a fresh air unit, an air return unit and a ventilation unit, a floor in an underground granary divides the underground granary into a grain storage chamber and a fan chamber, the fan is arranged in the fan chamber, the fresh air unit comprises a fresh air pipe, and a fresh air opening of the fresh air pipe extends upwards out of the ground and is provided with a fresh air valve; the air return unit comprises an air return pipe, an air outlet of the air return pipe extends upwards out of the ground and is provided with an exhaust valve, and an air return opening of the air return pipe is located above the grain loading line. The ventilation unit comprises an air duct vertically arranged in the grain storage chamber and a ventilation ground cage, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated with an air inlet of the air duct. According to the utility model, mechanical ventilation and tunnel air are combined to ventilate and cool grains in the underground granary, the temperature of fresh air can be reduced by 5-10 DEG C in summer, the ventilation cooling time can be shortened to be within one week, the ventilation cooling efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption of a fan can be saved by more than 50%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of grain storage, in particular to a ventilation and cooling system for an underground granary. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of the population and the improvement of people's living standards, the total demand for grain in China has been increasing continuously, and it is necessary to maintain the quality and safety of grain during storage. The existing granaries mainly include vertical granaries, shallow silos and tall bungalow granaries, etc. However, these granaries generally have defects such as short grain storage cycle and high replacement cost. Compared with these traditional granaries, underground granaries have the advantages of low temperature, low oxygen, heat insulation, moisture proof, airtightness, easy management and long grain storage time, and have received people's attention. However, although the underground granary has the characteristic of low temperature, ventilation is still required during the actual storage process to ensure grain safety. In addition, the "Construction Plan for the Project of Ensuring the Safety of Grain Purchase, Storage and Supply" requires that the newly built granary types must be able to adapt to the current economic development policies, and must be new granary types that are energy-saving, land-saving and environmentally friendly. In areas where conditions permit, new granary types such as underground granaries will be given priority in construction. Therefore, it is crucial to design a ventilation system with low energy consumption and high cooling efficiency that is compatible with the new type of underground granary. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a ventilation and cooling system for an underground granary, which can achieve the ventilation and cooling of the underground granary within one week in high-temperature summer, with high cooling efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The ventilation and cooling system for an underground granary of the utility model includes a fan, a fresh air unit, a return air unit and a ventilation unit. The floor in the underground granary divides it into a grain storage room and a fan room. The fan is arranged in the fan room and is a forced draft fan; the fresh air unit includes a fresh air pipe that is connected to the fan room and buried underground, and the fresh air outlet of the fresh air pipe extends upward out of the ground, and a fresh air valve is arranged at the fresh air outlet of the fresh air pipe; the return air unit includes a return air pipe that is connected to the grain storage room and buried underground, and the air outlet of the return air pipe extends upward out of the ground and is provided with an exhaust valve, and the return air inlet of the return air pipe is located above the grain loading line in the grain storage room; the ventilation unit includes an air duct vertically arranged in the grain storage room and a ventilation floor cage arranged at the lower part of the grain storage room, and the air outlet of the fan is communicated with the air inlet at the top of the air duct.

[0006] The beneficial effects are as follows: The utility model combines mechanical ventilation and tunnel ventilation to ventilate and cool the grains in the underground granary, shortening the ventilation and cooling time of the underground granary, reducing the energy consumption of ventilation and cooling, and having remarkable energy-saving effects. It has been verified that in summer, the utility model can reduce the fresh air temperature by 5 - 10 °C, shorten the ventilation and cooling time from the traditional two weeks to within one week, that is, reduce the grain temperature to 20 °C, greatly improving the ventilation and cooling efficiency, and saving more than 50% of the fan energy consumption, with remarkable energy-saving effects; in winter, the fresh air pipe of the utility model also has a preheating function to prevent the phenomenon of condensation in the granary due to too low air supply temperature in the granary.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of fresh air pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the underground granary, and a plurality of return air pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the underground granary, and the fresh air pipes and the return air pipes are arranged crosswise. Both the fresh air pipes and the return air pipes of the utility model are multiple, and can be specifically determined according to the cooling capacity required for the temperature reduction of the underground granary.

[0008] Preferably, rain caps are provided at the fresh air inlets of the fresh air pipes and the exhaust outlets of the return air pipes.

[0009] Preferably, both the fresh air pipes and the return air pipes are ductile iron pipes, preferably high-purity ductile iron pipes, which have good corrosion resistance; the air duct is a concrete air duct vertically arranged in the middle of the underground granary.

[0010] Preferably, the underground granary ventilation and cooling system of the utility model further includes a control unit, and the control unit includes a controller, a fresh air temperature sensor arranged on the fresh air pipe, and a return air temperature sensor arranged on the return air pipe. The signal output ends of the fresh air temperature sensor and the return air temperature sensor are both connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control output end of the controller is connected to the control input ends of the fan, the fresh air valve, and the exhaust valve. The beneficial effects are as follows: The utility model uses the controller and the temperature sensor to ventilate and cool, improving the control ability of the stored grain temperature and the stored grain safety level, and solving the problems of difficult control of the stored grain temperature in the underground granary and too high energy consumption of the granary ventilation and cooling system.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can pre-cool the air from the outside by using the fresh air pipes buried underground. In summer, the utility model can reduce the fresh air temperature by 5 - 10 °C, shorten the ventilation and cooling time from the traditional two weeks of mechanical ventilation to within one week, that is, reduce the grain temperature to 20 °C, greatly improving the ventilation and cooling efficiency, and saving more than 50% of the fan energy consumption, with remarkable energy-saving effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view of

[0014] Figure 3 is the circuit principle block diagram of the present utility model. Specific Embodiments

[0015] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present utility model, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given. However, the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0016] It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0017] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "coupled" may be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood through specific situations.

[0018] As Figure 1-2 shown, the underground grain bin ventilation and cooling system of the present utility model includes a fan 1, a fresh air unit, a return air unit, and a ventilation unit. The floor 2 in the underground grain bin divides it into a grain storage chamber 3.1 and a fan chamber 3.2. The fan 1 is arranged in the fan chamber 3.2, and the fan 1 is a forced draft fan 1;

[0019] The fresh air unit includes a fresh air pipe 4 that is connected to the fan chamber 3.2 and buried underground. There are multiple fresh air pipes 4, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the underground grain bin. The fresh air outlets of each fresh air pipe 4 extend upward out of the ground, and a fresh air valve F1 is arranged at the fresh air outlet; the return air unit includes a return air pipe 5 that is connected to the grain storage chamber 3.1 and buried underground. The air outlet of the return air pipe 5 extends upward out of the ground, and an exhaust valve F2 is arranged at the air outlet of the return air pipe 5; the return air inlet of the return air pipe 5 is located above the grain loading line L of the grain storage chamber 3.1 to ensure that air can be returned; there are multiple return air pipes 5, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the underground grain bin; the horizontal sections of the fresh air pipes 4 and the horizontal sections of the return air pipes 5 are about 2 m below the ground. The fresh air pipes 4 and the return air pipes 5 are laid in a staggered manner for convenient construction; rain caps 6 are arranged at the fresh air outlets of the fresh air pipes 4 and the exhaust outlets of the return air pipes 5 to prevent rainwater from entering the underground grain bin;

[0020] The ventilation unit includes an air duct 7 (preferably a concrete air duct 7) vertically arranged in the grain storage chamber 3.1 and an air distribution floor grille 8 arranged at the lower part of the grain storage chamber 3.1. The bottom of the air duct 7 is communicated with the air distribution floor grille 8, and the air outlet of the fan 1 is communicated with the air inlet of the air duct 7. During actual operation, the fresh air pipe 4 buried underground can pre-cool the outdoor fresh air on the ground. In summer, the temperature of the outdoor fresh air can be reduced by 5 - 10 °C (that is, the outdoor fresh air is reduced from ≥35 °C to <30 °C), and then it is pressed into the air duct 7 by the fan 1, enters the air distribution floor grille 8 through the air duct 7, and cools the grain; the return air in the grain storage chamber 3.1 is discharged to the outside atmosphere through the return air pipe 5. It has been verified that the utility model can shorten the ventilation and cooling time (in hot summer) of the granary from two weeks to one week to reduce the grain temperature to 20 °C, greatly improving the ventilation and cooling efficiency, and the energy consumption of the fan 1 can be saved by more than 50%, with remarkable energy-saving effect. In winter, the fresh air pipe 4 of the utility model also has a pre-heating function to prevent the phenomenon of condensation in the granary due to too low air supply temperature in the granary.

[0021] During actual construction, the air duct 7 is arranged at the central position of the underground granary, preferably with a concrete structure; both the fresh air pipe 4 and the return air pipe 5 are made of high-purity ductile iron pipes, which have good corrosion resistance; since the fresh air pipe 4 needs to pre-cool the fresh air in summer, the diameter of the fresh air pipe 4 can be larger than that of the return air pipe 5. The central axes of the horizontal sections of the fresh air pipe 4 and the return air pipe 5 are 2.0 m above the ground, and the fresh air pipe 4 and the return air pipe 5 can be laid in a straight line or in a curve. Among them, the laying length of the fresh air pipe 4 is related to its heat exchange capacity and the total cooling capacity required for the temperature reduction of the underground granary. In actual projects, it can be adjusted according to the actual situation

[0022] The utility model also includes a control unit. As shown in Figure 3 it can be seen that the control unit includes a controller, a fresh air temperature sensor T1 arranged on the fresh air pipe 4 and a return air temperature sensor T2 arranged on the return air pipe 5. The signal output ends of the fresh air temperature sensor T1 and the return air temperature sensor T2 are both connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control output end of the controller is connected to the control input ends of the fan 1, the fresh air valve F1 and the exhaust valve F2. Among them, the fresh air temperature sensor T1 is close to the fan room 3.2 and is used to monitor the air supply temperature; the return air temperature sensor T2 is used to monitor the return air temperature, and the controller controls the working states of the fan 1, the fresh air valve F1 and the exhaust valve F2 according to the air supply temperature and the return air temperature, so as to realize automatic temperature control. Among them, the fresh air valve F1 and the exhaust valve F2 are normally closed valves and are opened during ventilation.

[0023] It should be noted that the controller of the present utility model can be a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with the DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), and a state machine, etc.

[0024] The controller of the present utility model can also be a programmable logic controller (i.e., PLC), and can also be an industrial control computer with computing attributes and features, which can have a computer CPU, a hard disk, a memory, peripherals and interfaces, and has an operating system, a control network and protocols, computing capabilities, and a friendly human-machine interface.

[0025] Furthermore, the controller can also be provided with a wireless communication module to realize connection with a remote terminal, receive control instructions from the remote terminal, and can also feedback relevant parameters of the real-time working state.

[0026] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative efforts, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An underground granary ventilation and cooling system, characterized in that: It includes a fan, a fresh air unit, a return air unit and a ventilation unit. The floor in the underground granary divides it into a grain storage room and a fan room. The fan is arranged in the fan room, and the fan is a forced-in type fan; the fresh air unit includes a fresh air pipe that is connected to the fan room and buried underground. The fresh air outlet of the fresh air pipe extends upward out of the ground, and a fresh air valve is arranged on the fresh air pipe; the return air unit includes a return air pipe that is connected to the grain storage room and buried underground. The air outlet of the return air pipe extends upward out of the ground, and an exhaust valve is arranged on the return air pipe. The return air inlet of the return air pipe is located above the grain loading line in the grain storage room; the ventilation unit includes a duct vertically arranged in the grain storage room and a ventilation floor grille arranged at the lower part of the grain storage room. The air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet at the top of the duct.

2. The underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1, wherein: There are multiple fresh air pipes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the underground granary. There are multiple return air pipes, which are also arranged at intervals along the circumference of the underground granary. The fresh air pipes and the return air pipes are arranged crosswise.

3. The underground grain bin ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rain caps are arranged at the fresh air outlets of the fresh air pipes and the exhaust outlets of the return air pipes.

4. The underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the fresh air pipes and the return air pipes are ductile iron pipes, and the duct is a concrete duct vertically arranged in the middle of the underground granary.

5. The underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a control unit. The control unit includes a controller, a fresh air temperature sensor arranged on the fresh air pipe and a return air temperature sensor arranged on the return air pipe. The signal output ends of the fresh air temperature sensor and the return air temperature sensor are both connected to the signal input end of the controller. The control output end of the controller is connected to the control input ends of the fan, the fresh air valve and the exhaust valve.

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