Fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method, device and equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell water and gas discharge control method, device and equipment and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: presetting a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity of periods and opening durations of a water discharge valve and a gas discharge valve, and enabling the second calibration quantity to have a shorter period and a longer water and gas discharge duration; when it is monitored that the idle running time of the fuel cell system exceeds the first threshold value, the control parameters of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity, and the control parameters are switched back to the first calibration quantity after the set time is continued, so that the working condition that the circulating gas flow is reduced under long-time idle running is adapted; liquid water and accumulated gas in the galvanic pile are effectively discharged by adjusting the period and duration of drainage and exhaust; the problems of liquid water gathering, circulating flow attenuation, local water logging of the electric pile, local film drying, unbalanced gas concentration and the like caused by traditional fixed parameter control during long-time idling operation can be avoided, the voltage consistency of the electric pile is guaranteed, and the fault that the voltage of a single piece is too low is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell water and gas exhaust control method, device, equipment and readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a high-efficiency and clean new energy technology, fuel cell technology is increasingly widely used in the fields of transportation and distributed power generation. Its core performance and durability have become key factors restricting the industrialization process. Among them, the stability of the fuel cell system during long-time idling (such as vehicle waiting, standby power low load standby, etc.) directly affects the reliability and service life of the overall system, so there is an urgent need for precise control technology under idling conditions.

[0003] In related technologies, the hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell system usually adopts a single ejector, a double ejector, or a hydrogen recycling scheme combined with a hydrogen circulation pump and an ejector. Through the cooperative work of the hydrogen inlet valve, the proportional valve, the gas-water separator, the exhaust valve, the water valve and other components, the recycling of the reaction gas and the discharge of the product are realized. In the traditional water and hydrogen exhaust control strategy, the period and opening time of the water valve and the exhaust valve are fixed calibration values, and the control parameters under the corresponding power can be obtained by looking up the table to meet the basic needs of the conventional circulation condition.

[0004] However, during long-time idling, due to the significant reduction in circulating hydrogen flow, the traditional fixed parameter control strategy is difficult to adapt to low flow conditions: liquid water is easy to accumulate in the anode flow channel, leading to further attenuation of the anode circulation flow, and thus causing local flooding and local membrane drying of the stack, which destroys the voltage consistency of the stack; at the same time, nitrogen leaked from the cathode to the anode cannot be discharged in time, which will dilute the hydrogen concentration and affect the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction, and in severe cases, it may even cause the single-cell voltage of the stack to be too low, causing system failure and significantly shortening the durability of the fuel cell system. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a fuel cell water and gas exhaust control method, device, equipment and readable storage medium, which can solve the technical problem of local flooding and local membrane drying of the stack caused by local accumulation of liquid water in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell system under long-time idling condition in related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell water and gas exhaust control method, which comprises: pre-setting a first calibration value and a second calibration value of the period and opening time of the water valve and the exhaust valve, wherein the period of the second calibration value is shorter, but the water and gas exhaust time is longer; If the monitoring of the idling running time of the fuel cell system exceeds the first threshold value, the period and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity, and after the second calibration quantity is used for the period and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve for a set time, the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: If the fuel cell system is an ejector and hydrogen pump combined architecture, and the period and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are executed according to the second calibration quantity, the control target value of the hydrogen pump speed is increased by a preset proportion to accelerate the hydrogen pump speed to increase the anode gas circulation flow.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: If the fuel cell system is an ejector architecture, and the drain valve and the exhaust valve are executed according to the second calibration quantity, the ejector effect is enhanced to promote the discharge of liquid water and the update of gas in the anode flow channel.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: The output current of the stack is monitored in real time while monitoring the idling running time of the fuel cell system; If the output current of the stack exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold value, the period and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched to the second calibration quantity, and after the output current of the stack returns to the normal range, the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: The working temperature of the stack is monitored in real time while monitoring the idling running time of the fuel cell system; If the working temperature of the stack exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold value, the period and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched to the second calibration quantity, and after the working temperature of the stack returns to the normal range, the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: The pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack is monitored in real time while monitoring the idling running time of the fuel cell system; If the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold value, the period and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched to the second calibration quantity, and after the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack returns to the normal range, the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the method further includes the following steps: In the process of operating the drain valve and the exhaust valve according to the second calibration quantity, the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas is monitored in real time; If the hydrogen concentration is lower than the lower limit of safety, the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve is extended until the hydrogen concentration returns to the normal range, and the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the method further includes the following steps: In the process of operating the drain valve and the exhaust valve according to the second calibration quantity, the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas is monitored in real time; If the nitrogen concentration is higher than the upper limit of the preset, the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve is extended until the nitrogen concentration returns to the normal range, and the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the method further includes the following steps: In the process of operating the drain valve and the exhaust valve according to the second calibration quantity, the conductivity of the discharged liquid is monitored in real time; If the conductivity of the discharged liquid is abnormal, the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve is extended until the conductivity of the discharged liquid returns to the normal range, and the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, when the idling operation duration of the fuel cell system exceeds the first threshold, the period and the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity, and after the period and the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve adopt the second calibration quantity for a set time, the first calibration quantity is switched back, the method further includes the following steps: The cumulative duration of the idling operation duration of the fuel cell system is cleared, and the idling operation duration of the fuel cell system is recorded again.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation, the monitoring of the idling operation of the fuel cell system includes the following steps: When the real-time output power of the fuel cell system is less than a preset proportion of the rated output power, it is determined that the fuel cell system is in an idling operation state.

[0017] The second aspect provides a fuel cell drain and exhaust control device, which includes: A calibration quantity parameter configuration module is configured to preset a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity of the period and the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve, wherein the period of the second calibration quantity is shorter, but the drain and exhaust duration is longer; an idle calibration quantity switching module configured to switch the periodicity and opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve from a first calibration quantity to a second calibration quantity if the monitored idle running duration of the fuel cell system exceeds a first threshold value, and switch back to the first calibration quantity after the second calibration quantity is used for a set time.

[0018] In combination with the second aspect, in an embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to increase the control target value of the hydrogen pump speed by a preset proportion to accelerate the increase of the hydrogen pump speed and the circulation flow rate of the anode gas if the fuel cell system is an ejector and hydrogen pump combined architecture and the periodicity and opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are executed using the second calibration quantity.

[0019] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell drain and exhaust control device, which comprises a processor, a memory, and a fuel cell drain and exhaust control program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the fuel cell drain and exhaust control program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the fuel cell drain and exhaust control method as described in some examples above.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a fuel cell drain and exhaust control program, wherein the fuel cell drain and exhaust control program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the fuel cell drain and exhaust control method as described in some embodiments above.

[0021] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following beneficial effects: By pre-setting the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity of the periodicity and opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve, wherein the second calibration quantity has a shorter periodicity and a longer drain and exhaust duration, the control parameters of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity when it is monitored that the idle running duration of the fuel cell system exceeds the first threshold value, and are switched back to the first calibration quantity after a set time, so as to adapt to the working condition of reduced circulation gas flow rate under long-time idle running. By adjusting the periodicity and duration of the drain and exhaust, the liquid water and accumulated gas in the stack are effectively drained. The problems of liquid water accumulation in the anode flow channel, circulation flow rate attenuation, local water flooding in the stack, local membrane drying, and gas concentration imbalance caused by traditional fixed parameter control under long-time idle running are avoided, the voltage consistency of the stack is ensured, the single cell voltage is reduced, and the running state of the fuel cell system and the stack under the idle working condition is improved, and the system durability is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the fuel cell drain and exhaust control method of the present application; Figure 2 Structure diagram of an embodiment of a hydrogen circulation system architecture in a fuel cell system in the present application; Figure 3 Structure diagram of another embodiment of a hydrogen circulation system architecture in a fuel cell system in the present application; Figure 4 Flow diagram of another embodiment of a fuel cell water and exhaust gas control method in the present application; Figure 5 Hardware structure diagram of a fuel cell water and exhaust gas control device involved in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1, hydrogen inlet valve; 2, medium-pressure pressure sensor; 3, proportional valve; 4, ejector; 5, anode stack inlet pressure sensor; 6, fuel cell system controller; 7, stack; 8, anode stack outlet pressure sensor; 9, gas-water separator; 10, exhaust valve; 11, water valve; 12, mixed exhaust device; 13, hydrogen pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable personnel in the technical field to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that fuel cell technology, as a new energy technology with high efficiency and cleanliness, is increasingly widely used in the fields of transportation and distributed power generation. Its core performance and durability have become key factors restricting the industrialization process. The stability of the fuel cell system during long-time idling (such as vehicle waiting, standby power low-load standby, etc.) directly affects the reliability and service life of the overall system, so there is an urgent need for precise control technology under idling conditions.

[0026] Among them, the hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell system usually adopts a single ejector, a double ejector, or a hydrogen recycling scheme combining an ejector and a hydrogen circulation pump. Through the coordinated work of components such as hydrogen inlet valves, proportional valves, gas-water separators, exhaust valves, and water valves, the recycling of reaction gas and the discharge of products are realized. In the traditional water and hydrogen discharge control strategy, the period and opening time of the water valve and the exhaust valve are fixed and calibrated, and the control parameters under the corresponding power can be obtained by looking up the table to meet the basic needs of the conventional circulation condition.

[0027] However, during long-time idling operation, the traditional fixed parameter control strategy is difficult to adapt to the low flow condition due to the significant reduction in circulating hydrogen flow: liquid water is easy to accumulate in the anode flow channel, causing further attenuation of the anode circulation flow, and thus causing local flooding and local membrane drying of the stack, which destroys the voltage consistency of the stack; at the same time, the nitrogen leaked from the cathode to the anode cannot be discharged in time, which will dilute the hydrogen concentration and affect the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction, and in severe cases, it may even cause the single cell voltage of the stack to be too low, causing system failure and significantly shortening the durability life of the fuel cell system.

[0028] To make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0029] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell water and gas exhaust control method.

[0030] In an embodiment, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flowchart of the first embodiment of the fuel cell water and gas exhaust control method of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell water and gas exhaust control method comprises: Figure 1 S100: The first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity of the period and the opening duration of the water drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are set in advance, wherein the period of the second calibration quantity is shorter, but the water drain and exhaust duration is longer; S200: If the idling operation time of the fuel cell system is monitored to exceed the first threshold value, the period and the opening duration of the water drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity, and after the second calibration quantity is used for a set time, the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity of the period and the opening duration of the water drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are set in advance, wherein the second calibration quantity has a shorter period and a longer water drain and exhaust duration, when the idling operation time of the fuel cell system is monitored to exceed the first threshold value, the control parameters of the water drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity, and after a set time, the first calibration quantity is switched back, so as to adapt to the condition of reduced circulating gas flow under long-time idling operation, and to realize effective discharge of liquid water and accumulated gas in the stack 7 by adjusting the period and the duration of water drain and exhaust; the problems of liquid water accumulation in the anode flow channel, circulation flow attenuation, local flooding and local membrane drying of the stack 7, and gas concentration imbalance caused by traditional fixed parameter control during long-time idling operation can be avoided, the voltage consistency of the stack 7 is ensured, the single cell voltage is reduced, and thus the running state of the fuel cell system and the stack 7 under idling operation is improved, and the durability life of the system is improved.

[0032] ​Furthermore, in one embodiment, step S200 further includes the following step: S200-1: If the fuel cell system is a combined architecture of ejector 4 and hydrogen pump 13, and the cycle and opening duration of drain valve 11 and exhaust valve 10 are executed using the second calibrated quantity, then the control target value of the speed of hydrogen pump 13 is increased by a preset ratio to accelerate the speed of hydrogen pump 13 and increase the anode gas circulation flow.

[0033] In this embodiment, in step S200, when the fuel cell system is a combined architecture of ejector 4 and hydrogen pump 13 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown), when the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are executed according to the second calibration value, the control target value of the hydrogen pump 13 speed is increased by a preset ratio to speed up the hydrogen pump 13 speed, increase the anode gas circulation flow, and enhance the anode gas circulation power by increasing the hydrogen pump 13 speed. Combined with the shorter cycle and longer duration of the drain and exhaust operation under the second calibration value, the effect of draining liquid water and gas renewal inside the stack 7 is enhanced. This can more quickly improve the local membrane dryness and local water flooding that may occur inside the stack 7, further ensure the stable operation and voltage consistency of the stack 7 under long idling operation, and improve the durability of the fuel cell system.

[0034] Furthermore, in one embodiment, step S200 further includes the following step: S200-2: If the fuel cell system is an ejector 4 architecture, and the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are executed according to the second standard, the ejector 4 is enhanced to promote the discharge of liquid water in the anode channel and the renewal of gas.

[0035] In this embodiment, in step S200, when the fuel cell system is an ejector 4 architecture (such as...), Figure 2 As shown), when the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are executed according to the second calibration, the ejector 4 enhances the ejection effect, thereby improving the anode gas circulation effect. This, combined with the shorter cycle and longer duration of the drain and exhaust operation under the second calibration, strengthens the discharge of liquid water and the renewal of gas in the anode channel. It can improve the local membrane dryness and local water flooding that may occur inside the stack 7, ensure the stable operation and voltage consistency of the stack 7 under long idling speed, and thus improve the durability of the fuel cell system.

[0036] Furthermore, in one embodiment, S200 further includes S200-3, which includes the following steps: S200-3-1: While monitoring the idling time of the fuel cell system, it also monitors the output current of the fuel cell stack 7 in real time; S200-3-2: If the output current of the stack 7 exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold, the switching of the cycle and opening time length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 to the second calibration amount is triggered, and after the above parameters return to the normal range, the switching back to the first calibration amount is triggered.

[0037] In the embodiment, in the S200 step, the output current of the stack 7 is also monitored in real time while monitoring the idling running time of the fuel cell system, and if the output current of the stack 7 exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold, the switching of the cycle and opening time length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 to the second calibration amount is triggered, and after the parameters return to the normal range, the switching back to the first calibration amount is triggered; by extending the monitoring parameters and setting the normal working range, the strengthened drain and exhaust operation is started in advance when the parameters are abnormal, which is complementary to the switching logic based on the idling time; the abnormal running of the stack 7 caused by non-time factors can be responded in time, the damage of the stack 7 caused by the abnormal parameters is avoided, the stable working of the stack 7 is further ensured, the voltage consistency is maintained, and the system reliability is improved.

[0038] Further, in an embodiment, in the S200, S200-4 is further included, which includes the following steps: S200-4-1: The working temperature of the stack 7 is monitored in real time while monitoring the idling running time of the fuel cell system; S200-4-2: If the working temperature of the stack 7 exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold, the switching of the cycle and opening time length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 to the second calibration amount is triggered, and after the above parameters return to the normal range, the switching back to the first calibration amount is triggered.

[0039] In the embodiment, in the S200 step, the working temperature of the stack 7 is also monitored in real time while monitoring the idling running time of the fuel cell system, and if the working temperature of the stack 7 exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the idling running time does not exceed the first threshold, the switching of the cycle and opening time length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 to the second calibration amount is triggered, and after the parameters return to the normal range, the switching back to the first calibration amount is triggered; by extending the monitoring parameters and setting the normal working range, the strengthened drain and exhaust operation is started in advance when the parameters are abnormal, which is complementary to the switching logic based on the idling time; the abnormal running of the stack 7 caused by non-time factors can be responded in time, the damage of the stack 7 caused by the abnormal parameters is avoided, the stable working of the stack 7 is further ensured, the voltage consistency is maintained, and the system reliability is improved.

[0040] Further, in an embodiment, in the S200, S200-5 is further included, which includes the following steps: S200-5-1: While monitoring the length of the idling operation of the fuel cell system, the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack 7 is also monitored in real time; S200-5-2: If the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack 7 exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the length of the idling operation does not exceed the first threshold, the switching of the period and the opening length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 to the second calibration amount is triggered, and after the above parameters return to the normal range, the switching back to the first calibration amount is performed.

[0041] In this embodiment, in the S200 step, while monitoring the length of the idling operation of the fuel cell system, the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack 7 is also monitored in real time, and if the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack 7 exceeds the preset normal working range, even if the length of the idling operation does not exceed the first threshold, the switching of the period and the opening length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 to the second calibration amount is triggered, and after the parameters return to the normal range, the switching back to the first calibration amount is performed. By expanding the monitored parameters and setting the normal working range, the reinforced drain and exhaust operation is started in advance when the parameters are abnormal, which is complementary to the switching logic based on the length of the idling operation. The abnormal operation of the stack 7 caused by non-time factors can be responded to in time, the damage to the stack 7 caused by abnormal parameters is avoided, the stable operation of the stack 7 is further ensured, the voltage consistency is maintained, and the system reliability is improved.

[0042] Further, in an embodiment, in S200, S200-6 is further included, which comprises the following steps: S200-6-1: During the operation of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 according to the second calibration amount, the hydrogen concentration, the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas, and the conductivity of the discharged liquid are monitored in real time; S200-6-2: If the hydrogen concentration is below the lower limit of safety, the nitrogen concentration is above the preset upper limit, or the conductivity of the discharged liquid is abnormal, the opening length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is extended until the above parameters return to the normal range, and the switching back to the first calibration amount is performed.

[0043] In this embodiment, in the S200 step, during the operation of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 according to the second calibration amount, the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas is monitored in real time, and if the hydrogen concentration is below the lower limit of safety, the opening length of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is extended until the above parameters return to the normal range, and the switching back to the first calibration amount is performed. By monitoring the key parameters of the exhaust, the drain and exhaust length is further extended when the parameters are abnormal, and the discharge effect of the gases and liquid water in the stack 7 is strengthened, which is linked with the basic control of the second calibration amount. Real-time abnormalities in the drain and exhaust process can be accurately responded to, the abnormal operation of the stack 7 caused by the imbalance of the gas concentration is avoided, the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction is ensured, the stable operation of the stack 7 is maintained, and the working reliability of the system is improved.

[0044] Further, in an embodiment, in S200, S200-7 is further included, which comprises the following steps: S200-7-1: monitoring the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas in real time during the operation of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 according to the second calibration amount; S200-7-2: if the nitrogen concentration is higher than the preset upper limit, the opening duration of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is extended until the above-mentioned parameter returns to the normal range, and the first calibration amount is switched back.

[0045] In this embodiment, in the step S200, the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas is monitored in real time during the operation of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 according to the second calibration amount, and if the nitrogen concentration is higher than the preset upper limit, the opening duration of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is extended until the above-mentioned parameter returns to the normal range, and the first calibration amount is switched back. By monitoring the key parameters of the exhaust, the drain and exhaust duration is further extended when the parameters are abnormal, and the discharge effect of the gas and liquid water in the stack 7 is strengthened, which forms a linkage with the basic control of the second calibration amount. Real-time abnormalities in the drain and exhaust process can be accurately responded to, the abnormal operation of the stack 7 caused by the imbalance of the gas concentration is avoided, the electrochemical reaction efficiency is ensured, the stable operation of the stack 7 is maintained, and the system working reliability is improved.

[0046] Further, in an embodiment, in S200, S200-8 is further included, which comprises the following steps: S200-8-1: monitoring the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid in real time during the operation of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 according to the second calibration amount; S200-8-2: if the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid is abnormal, the opening duration of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is extended until the above-mentioned parameter returns to the normal range, and the first calibration amount is switched back.

[0047] In this embodiment, in the step S200, the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid is monitored in real time during the operation of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 according to the second calibration amount, and if the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid is abnormal, the opening duration of the drain valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is extended until the above-mentioned parameter returns to the normal range, and the first calibration amount is switched back. By monitoring the key parameters of the exhaust, the drain and exhaust duration is further extended when the parameters are abnormal, and the discharge effect of the gas and liquid water in the stack 7 is strengthened, which forms a linkage with the basic control of the second calibration amount. Real-time abnormalities in the drain and exhaust process can be accurately responded to, the abnormal operation of the stack 7 caused by the imbalance of the gas concentration is avoided, the electrochemical reaction efficiency is ensured, the stable operation of the stack 7 is maintained, and the system working reliability is improved.

[0048] Further, in an embodiment, after S200, the following steps are further included: S300: clear the accumulated length of the idling operation of the fuel cell system, and re-record the length of the idling operation of the fuel cell system.

[0049] In this embodiment, S300 is performed after S200, that is, the accumulated length of the idling operation of the fuel cell system is cleared and the length is re-recorded. By resetting the length accumulation, the drainage exhaust calibration switching logic based on the idling operation length can be cyclically effective, ensuring continuous monitoring and adaptive control of the subsequent long idling operation condition. Periodic monitoring and regulation of the long idling operation state of the fuel cell system can be achieved, ensuring effective application of the drainage exhaust control strategy in multiple long idling scenarios, and maintaining stable operation of the system and the stack 7.

[0050] Further, in an embodiment, in S200, the following steps are further included: S200-0: when the real-time output power of the fuel cell system is less than a preset proportion of the rated output power, it is determined that the fuel cell system is in an idling operation state.

[0051] In this embodiment, in the S200 step, when the real-time output power of the fuel cell system is less than a preset proportion of the rated output power, it is determined that the system is in an idling operation state. By defining the idling operation state through the preset proportion relationship between the real-time output power and the rated output power, the drainage exhaust control strategy based on the idling time can be accurately identified, and the drainage exhaust control strategy can be accurately triggered in the applicable scenario, thereby responding to the drainage exhaust demand during idling operation, and ensuring the stable operation of the system in this condition.

[0052] Further, in an embodiment, S200-1, S200-2, S200-3, S200-4, S200-5, S200-6, S200-7 and S200-8 do not have a specific sequence.

[0053] On the other hand, the embodiments of the present application aim to provide a drainage exhaust control method for a fuel cell system in a long idling operation state, to improve the operation state of the fuel cell system and the stack in the idling condition, and to improve the durability of the fuel cell system.

[0054] The embodiments provide a drainage exhaust control method for a fuel cell system in a long idling operation state. The controlled system is a hydrogen circulation system, such as Figure 2As shown, the hydrogen circulation system is an ejector 4 architecture, which includes a hydrogen inlet valve 1, a medium pressure sensor 2, a proportional valve 3, an ejector 4, an anode inlet stack pressure sensor 5, a fuel cell system controller 6, a stack 7, an anode outlet stack pressure sensor 8, a gas-water separator 9, an exhaust valve 10 (the controlled system is the hydrogen circulation system, and the exhaust valve 10 is also a nitrogen discharge valve), a water discharge valve 11, and a mixed exhaust device 12. If it is a combined architecture of the ejector 4 and a hydrogen pump 13, as shown in Figure 3 , a hydrogen pump 13 is added on the basis of Figure 2 .

[0055] When the fuel cell system is working, the hydrogen inlet valve 1 is opened, high-pressure hydrogen gas enters the stack 7 through the proportional valve 3 and the ejector 4, and the remaining hydrogen gas after the reaction is returned to the ejector 4 through the gas-water separator 9 and the hydrogen pump 13, mixed with new hydrogen, and then enters the stack 7 to participate in the electrochemical reaction again. The exhaust valve 10 and the water discharge valve 11 are periodically opened to timely discharge the water generated by the electrochemical reaction and the nitrogen gas leaked from the cathode to the anode.

[0056] Among them, the traditional water and hydrogen discharge control sets the period and opening time of the water discharge valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 as a fixed value under the same working condition. For a certain power, the period and opening time of the water discharge valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 under this power can be obtained by looking up the table. This method is simple to calibrate and effective in running under the cycle condition.

[0057] However, when the fuel cell system runs at idle speed for a long time, due to the small circulation hydrogen flow, liquid water is easily accumulated in the anode flow channel, the anode circulation flow is further reduced, and local water flooding and local membrane dryness of the stack 7 occur, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the stack 7 and the consistency of the stack voltage, and even leads to the single voltage of the stack 7 being too low, affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell.

[0058] Therefore, the drainage and hydrogen exhaust cycle and opening time under the traditional drainage and hydrogen exhaust control strategy are recorded as the first calibration quantity (T1_N2, dT1_N2, T1_Water, dT1_Water); the second calibration quantity (T2_N2, dT2_N2, T2_Water, dT2_Water) of the cycle and opening time of the drainage valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 is proposed in the embodiment. When the idling running time of the fuel cell system exceeds 1h (1h is an empirical value), the cycle and opening time of the drainage valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are switched to the second calibration quantity. Generally, the second calibration quantity of the cycle and opening time of the drainage valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 has a shorter cycle (T2_N2 < T1_N2, dT2_N2 > dT1_N2) and a longer drainage and nitrogen exhaust time (T2_Water < T1_Water, dT2_Water > dT1_Water). At this time, it is equivalent to performing an online purging process on the fuel cell, which improves the possible local membrane dryness and local waterlogging state in the fuel cell stack. After the second calibration quantity lasts for 3 minutes (3 minutes are an empirical value), the drainage and nitrogen exhaust control is switched back to the first calibration quantity, and the idling running time cumulative length is reset, and the idling running time of the fuel cell system is recorded again.

[0059] The first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity of the cycle and opening time of the drainage valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are obtained through bench tests.

[0060] The first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity of the cycle and opening time of the drainage valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10 are obtained through bench tests. Figure 4 The basic flow of the drainage and hydrogen exhaust control method under the long idling running of the fuel cell system is given. Pe is the rated output power of the fuel cell system, P is the real-time output power of the fuel cell system, and P < 20% Pe is considered as an idling running state of the fuel cell system.

[0061] Optionally, when the fuel cell performs an online purging process using the second calibration quantity of the cycle and opening time of the drainage valve 11 and the exhaust valve 10, if the hydrogen pump 13 is included in the fuel cell system architecture (such as Figure 3 The speed control target value of the hydrogen pump 13 is increased by 30% (30% is an empirical value), and the anode hydrogen circulation flow is further increased by speeding up the hydrogen pump 13, so as to more quickly improve the possible local membrane dryness and local waterlogging state in the fuel cell stack.

[0062] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a fuel cell water and gas exhaust control device, which comprises: a calibration parameter configuration module, configured to preset first calibration parameters and second calibration parameters of a period and an opening time length of a water valve and a gas valve, wherein the second calibration parameters have a shorter period and a longer water and gas exhaust time length; and an idle speed calibration parameter switching module, configured to switch the period and the opening time length of the water valve and the gas valve from the first calibration parameters to the second calibration parameters if a monitored idle speed running time length of the fuel cell system exceeds a first threshold value, and switch back to the first calibration parameters after a preset time length.

[0063] In the embodiments, the first calibration parameters and the second calibration parameters of the period and the opening time length of the water valve and the gas valve are preset by the calibration parameter configuration module, wherein the second calibration parameters have a shorter period and a longer water and gas exhaust time length. The idle speed calibration parameter switching module is configured to monitor the idle speed running time length of the fuel cell system in real time, and switch the period and the opening time length of the water valve and the gas valve from the first calibration parameters to the second calibration parameters if the monitored idle speed running time length exceeds a first threshold value, and switch back to the first calibration parameters after a preset time length. In this way, the working condition of the reduced circulation gas flow under long-time idle speed running is adapted, and the liquid water and accumulated gas in the stack are effectively discharged by adjusting the period and the time length of water and gas exhaust. The problems of liquid water accumulation in the anode flow channel, circulation flow decay, local water flooding in the stack, local membrane dryness and gas concentration imbalance caused by the traditional fixed parameter control under long-time idle speed running are avoided, the voltage consistency of the stack is ensured, the single cell voltage fault caused by too low voltage is reduced, and thus the running state of the fuel cell system and the stack under the idle speed working condition is improved, and the system durability is improved.

[0064] In combination with the second aspect, in an embodiment, the idle speed calibration parameter switching module is further configured to increase a control target value of a hydrogen pump rotating speed by a preset proportion to accelerate the hydrogen pump rotating speed and increase the anode gas circulation flow if the fuel cell system is a combined structure of an ejector and a hydrogen pump, and the period and the opening time length of the water valve and the gas valve are executed according to the second calibration parameters.

[0065] In the embodiments, the idle speed calibration parameter switching module is further configured to increase a control target value of a hydrogen pump rotating speed by a preset proportion to accelerate the hydrogen pump rotating speed and increase the anode gas circulation flow if the fuel cell system is a combined structure of an ejector and a hydrogen pump, and the period and the opening time length of the water valve and the gas valve are executed according to the second calibration parameters. The anode gas circulation power is enhanced by increasing the hydrogen pump rotating speed, which is coordinated with the water and gas exhaust operation under the second calibration parameters to strengthen the discharge of the liquid water in the stack and the gas renewal. The local membrane dryness and local water flooding in the stack can be improved more quickly, the stable work and voltage consistency of the stack under long-time idle speed running are further ensured, and the durability of the fuel cell system is improved.

[0066] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, if the fuel cell system is an ejector architecture and the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, enhance the ejecting effect of the ejector to facilitate the discharge of liquid water and the renewal of gas in the anode flow channel.

[0067] In the embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, if the fuel cell system is an ejector architecture and the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, enhance the ejecting effect of the ejector to facilitate the discharge of liquid water and the renewal of gas in the anode flow channel; by enhancing the ejecting effect of the ejector, the anode gas circulation effect is improved, and the discharge and renewal of substances in the stack are strengthened in cooperation with the drain and exhaust operation under the second calibration quantity; the local membrane dryness and local water flooding that may occur in the stack can be improved, the stable operation and voltage consistency of the stack under long idle operation are ensured, and the durability of the fuel cell system is improved.

[0068] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, if the output current of the stack exceeds the preset normal working range, trigger the period and opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve to switch to the second calibration quantity even if the idle running duration does not exceed the first threshold, and switch back to the first calibration quantity after the output current of the stack returns to the normal range.

[0069] In the embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, if the output current of the stack exceeds the preset normal working range, trigger the period and opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve to switch to the second calibration quantity even if the idle running duration does not exceed the first threshold, and switch back to the first calibration quantity after the output current of the stack returns to the normal range; by extending the real-time monitoring of the output current of the stack, the enhanced drain and exhaust operation is started in advance when the current is abnormal, which is complementary to the conventional switching logic based on the idle duration; the abnormal operation of the stack caused by non-idle duration factors can be responded in time, the damage to the stack caused by the abnormal output current is avoided, the stable operation of the stack is further ensured, the voltage consistency is maintained, and the system reliability is improved.

[0070] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, if the output current of the stack exceeds the preset normal working range, trigger the period and opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve to switch to the second calibration quantity even if the idle running duration does not exceed the first threshold, and switch back to the first calibration quantity after the output current of the stack returns to the normal range.

[0071] In the embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, when the working temperature of the stack is monitored to be out of the preset normal working range, trigger the switching of the period and opening duration of the water drain valve and the exhaust valve to the second calibration quantity even if the idle running duration does not reach the first threshold value, and switch back to the first calibration quantity when the working temperature returns to normal. By extending the real-time monitoring of the working temperature of the stack, the enhanced water drain and exhaust operation is started in advance when the temperature is abnormal, which is complementary to the conventional switching logic based on the idle duration, can timely respond to the abnormal working of the stack caused by factors other than the idle duration, avoids the damage to the stack caused by the abnormal working temperature, further ensures the stable working of the stack, maintains the voltage consistency, and improves the system reliability.

[0072] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, when the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack is monitored to be out of the preset normal working range, trigger the switching of the period and opening duration of the water drain valve and the exhaust valve to the second calibration quantity even if the idle running duration does not exceed the first threshold value, and switch back to the first calibration quantity when the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack returns to the normal range.

[0073] In the embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, when the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the stack is monitored to be out of the preset normal working range, trigger the switching of the period and opening duration of the water drain valve and the exhaust valve to the second calibration quantity even if the idle running duration does not reach the first threshold value, and switch back to the first calibration quantity when the pressure difference returns to normal. By extending the real-time monitoring of the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode, the enhanced water drain and exhaust operation is started in advance when the pressure difference is abnormal, which is complementary to the conventional switching logic based on the idle duration. The abnormal working of the stack caused by factors other than the idle duration can be timely responded to, the problems such as the damage to the membrane electrode and the decrease of the reaction efficiency caused by the abnormal pressure difference can be avoided, the stable working of the stack is further ensured, the voltage consistency is maintained, and the system reliability is improved.

[0074] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to, during the operation of the water drain valve and the exhaust valve according to the second calibration quantity, monitor the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas in real time. If the hydrogen concentration is lower than the lower safety limit, the opening duration of the water drain valve and the exhaust valve is extended until the hydrogen concentration returns to the normal range and switches back to the first calibration quantity.

[0075] In the embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas in real time when the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, and to extend the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve when the hydrogen concentration is detected to be lower than the lower safety limit, until the hydrogen concentration returns to the normal range and the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0076] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to monitor the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas in real time when the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, and to extend the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve when the nitrogen concentration is detected to be higher than the upper preset limit, until the nitrogen concentration returns to the normal range and the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0077] In the embodiment, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to monitor the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas in real time when the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, and to extend the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve when the nitrogen concentration is detected to be higher than the upper preset limit, until the nitrogen concentration returns to the normal range and the first calibration quantity is switched back. Through real-time monitoring of the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas, the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve is dynamically adjusted when the concentration is abnormal, and linkage with the basic control of the second calibration quantity is formed. The nitrogen accumulation problem in the process of draining and exhausting can be accurately addressed, hydrogen dilution, electrochemical reaction efficiency reduction and local voltage fluctuation caused by excessively high nitrogen concentration can be avoided, stable operation of the stack can be ensured, and system working reliability can be improved.

[0078] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementation, the idle calibration quantity switching module is further configured to monitor the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid in real time when the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, and to extend the opening duration of the drain valve and the exhaust valve when the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid is detected to be abnormal, until the electrical conductivity of the discharged liquid returns to the normal range and the first calibration quantity is switched back.

[0079] In this embodiment, the idling calibration quantity switching module is also used to monitor the conductivity of the discharged liquid in real time when the drain valve and the exhaust valve are operated at the second calibration quantity, and to extend the opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve when an abnormal conductivity is detected, until the conductivity returns to the normal range and switches back to the first calibration quantity. By real-time monitoring of the conductivity of the discharged liquid, the opening time of the drain and exhaust is dynamically adjusted when the conductivity is abnormal, and the second calibration quantity is controlled in linkage with the basic control. This can accurately deal with the problem of impurity accumulation or abnormal ion concentration during the drainage process, avoid the risk of internal corrosion, short circuit and performance degradation of the stack due to abnormal liquid conductivity, ensure stable operation of the stack, and improve the reliability of the system.

[0080] In summary, the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device provided by the application takes the calibration quantity parameter configuration module and the idling calibration quantity switching module as the core, and realizes precise control of the drain valve and the exhaust valve of the fuel cell system under idling condition: the calibration quantity parameter configuration module pre-sets the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity (the second calibration quantity has a shorter period and a longer drainage and exhaust time); the idling calibration quantity switching module serves as the core control unit and undertakes multi-dimensional regulation and control functions, including: when the system idling time exceeds the first threshold, the valve parameter is switched between the second calibration quantity and the first calibration quantity; for the ejector and hydrogen pump combined architecture, the hydrogen pump speed is increased to increase the anode circulation flow when the second calibration quantity is used, and for the ejector architecture, the ejector effect is enhanced; the stack output current, working temperature and anode-cathode pressure difference are expanded to monitor, and when any parameter is abnormal (whether the idling time is up to standard or not), the second calibration quantity is triggered, and after recovery, the first calibration quantity is switched back. During the operation of the second calibration quantity, the hydrogen concentration and nitrogen concentration of the exhaust gas and the conductivity of the discharged liquid are monitored in real time, and when the hydrogen concentration is lower than the lower limit of safety, the nitrogen concentration is higher than the preset upper limit, or the conductivity is abnormal, the valve opening time is extended until the parameters return to normal and the first calibration quantity is switched back. Through the above-mentioned module cooperation and multi-parameter linkage control, the device can effectively adapt to the gas circulation and water management requirements under idling condition, avoid problems such as water flooding, membrane drying and gas concentration imbalance, ensure the consistency of the stack voltage, and improve the stability and durability of the fuel cell system.

[0081] In another aspect, in the embodiments related to vehicles, when the vehicle uses the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device, the device can efficiently control in close combination with the vehicle operation scene. When the vehicle is in a long-time idling condition, such as slow driving or waiting in a congested road section, the fuel cell system enters an idling operation state, at this time the idling calibration quantity switching module determines that the system is in idling according to the vehicle state, and if it is detected that the idling time exceeds the first threshold, the periodicity and opening time of the drain valve and the exhaust valve are quickly switched from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity, the drainage and exhaust effect is enhanced, and the anode flow channel liquid water accumulation and nitrogen accumulation caused by long-time idling of the vehicle and reduced gas flow are avoided.

[0082] Secondly, considering the differences in fuel cell architecture under different road conditions and driving modes, for vehicles with an ejector combined with a hydrogen pump architecture, when the drain valve and exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, the idle calibration quantity switching module automatically increases the control target value of the hydrogen pump speed by a preset proportion, takes advantage of the fast response characteristics of the vehicle motor to speed up the hydrogen pump speed, increase the anode gas circulation flow, and improve the transmission of gas and water inside the stack, thereby improving the stability of the vehicle fuel cell system at idle. For vehicles with an ejector architecture, the module enhances the ejector effect, optimizes the vehicle gas pipeline design and control strategy, promotes the discharge of liquid water and gas renewal in the anode flow channel, maintains the normal operation of the stack, and ensures the reliable operation of the vehicle under idle and other conditions.

[0083] In addition, during vehicle driving, the output current, operating temperature, and pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the stack will fluctuate due to changes in road conditions and load. The idle calibration quantity switching module continuously monitors these parameters. Once the stack output current exceeds the preset normal operating range, for example, after the vehicle accelerates rapidly and enters idle, the current suddenly changes abnormally, even if the idle duration does not exceed the first threshold, the drain valve and exhaust valve are immediately switched to the second calibration quantity, and then switched back to the first calibration quantity when the current returns to normal, preventing abnormal current from damaging the stack and ensuring stable energy conversion of the vehicle. Similarly, when the operating temperature exceeds the normal range due to poor heat dissipation during long-time uphill driving, or the pressure difference between the anode and cathode is abnormal due to slight gas pipeline leakage, the module can respond in time to adjust the drain and exhaust strategy, maintain the stability of the stack internal environment, and ensure the reliability and durability of the vehicle fuel cell system.

[0084] Finally, when the drain valve and exhaust valve are operated according to the second calibration quantity, the idle calibration quantity switching module uses the high-precision sensors integrated on the vehicle to monitor the hydrogen concentration, nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas, and the conductivity of the discharged liquid in real time. If the hydrogen concentration is below the lower safety limit, such as when the vehicle is idling at high altitudes, the air is thin, and the reaction is affected, the module immediately extends the opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve, increases the gas discharge amount, and increases the hydrogen concentration to the normal range before switching back to the first calibration quantity. If the nitrogen concentration is higher than the preset upper limit, such as when the vehicle is frequently started and stopped, causing nitrogen leakage and accumulation in the cathode, the valve opening duration is also extended to improve the gas environment. If the conductivity of the discharged liquid is abnormal, it may be due to the slight dissolution of the membrane material inside the stack, and the module also solves the problem by extending the opening duration, ensuring efficient operation of the vehicle fuel cell system and improving the adaptability and safety of the vehicle under complex conditions.

[0085] In summary, in the vehicle scenario, the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device realizes accurate regulation and control for vehicle idling conditions (such as congestion waiting, parking idling, etc.): when the vehicle idling time exceeds the first threshold, the idling calibration quantity switching module controls the drainage valve and the exhaust valve to switch from the first calibration quantity to the second calibration quantity (shorter period and longer duration), and then switches back after a certain time to avoid anode flooding and nitrogen accumulation.

[0086] For different hydrogen return architectures of the vehicle, if it is an ejector and hydrogen pump combined architecture, the hydrogen pump speed is increased to increase the anode circulation flow when the second calibration quantity is used; if it is an ejector architecture, the ejector function is enhanced to adapt to the gas circulation demand under complex road conditions of the vehicle.

[0087] During vehicle driving, the stack output current (such as sudden acceleration after idling current mutation), working temperature (such as poor heat dissipation after climbing), anode and cathode pressure difference (such as slight pipeline leakage) are monitored in real time, and any abnormal parameter triggers the second calibration quantity, and switches back after recovery to ensure stable energy conversion of the vehicle.

[0088] When the second calibration quantity is running, the hydrogen concentration of the exhaust gas (such as concentration fluctuation at high altitude idling), nitrogen concentration (such as nitrogen leakage due to frequent start-stop) and liquid conductivity are monitored by the on-board sensor, and the valve opening time is extended when abnormal to ensure the reliability and safety of the fuel cell system of the vehicle under complex conditions and improve the adaptability of the vehicle.

[0089] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device can be a personal computer (PC), a notebook computer, a server, or other device with data processing function.

[0090] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 The hardware structure of the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device involved in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. In the embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device can include a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus.

[0091] The communication bus can be of any type, used to interconnect the processor, the memory, and the communication interface.

[0092] The communication interface includes input and output (I and O) interfaces, physical interfaces, and logical interfaces used for interconnecting devices within the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control equipment, as well as interfaces used for interconnecting the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control equipment with other devices (such as other computing devices or user equipment). Physical interfaces can be Ethernet interfaces, fiber optic interfaces, ATM interfaces, etc.; user equipment can be displays, keyboards, etc.

[0093] Memory can be various types of storage media, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, optical storage, hard disk, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), etc.

[0094] The processor can be a general-purpose processor, which can call the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program stored in the memory and execute the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the general-purpose processor can be a central processing unit (CPU). The method executed when the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program is called can be referred to in the various embodiments of the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The hardware structure shown does not constitute a limitation of this application and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0096] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium.

[0097] The present application has a readable storage medium storing a fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program, wherein when the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method described above.

[0098] The method implemented when the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program is executed can be referred to in various embodiments of the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] It should be noted that the above-mentioned sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0100] The terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "have" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product or device. The terms "first", "second" and "third" and the like descriptions are used to distinguish different objects, and do not represent the order or limit the types of "first", "second" and "third".

[0101] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "exemplary", "for example" or "for instance" is used to represent an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary", "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. In fact, the words "exemplary", "for example" or "for instance" are intended to present the relevant concept in a specific way.

[0102] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "and" means or, for example, A and B can mean A or B; "and and or" in the text only describes the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and and or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, in addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0103] In some of the processes described in the embodiments of the present application, a plurality of operations or steps are included in a specific order, but it should be understood that these operations or steps can be executed or executed in parallel without the order in which they appear in the embodiments of the present application, and the sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes can include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps can be executed in sequence or in parallel, and these operations or steps can be combined.

[0104] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand the above-mentioned embodiment method can be realized by means of software and the necessary general hardware platform, of course, can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM and RAM, magnetic disc, optical disc) as described above, and includes a plurality of instructions for making a terminal device execute the method described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0105] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling wastewater and exhaust gas from a fuel cell, characterized in that, The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method includes: A first and a second calibration value are preset to set the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and the vent valve. The second calibration value has a shorter cycle but a longer drainage and venting duration. If the idling time of the monitored fuel cell system exceeds the first threshold, the cycle and opening duration of the control drain valve and exhaust valve are switched from the first calibrated value to the second calibrated value, and after the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve are continuously set using the second calibrated value for a certain period of time, they are switched back to the first calibrated value.

2. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: If the fuel cell system is a combined ejector and hydrogen pump architecture, and the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve are executed using the second calibrated quantity, then the control target value of the hydrogen pump speed is increased by a preset ratio to accelerate the hydrogen pump speed and increase the anode gas circulation flow rate.

3. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: If the fuel cell system is an ejector architecture and the drain valve and exhaust valve operate according to the second standard, the ejector's ejection effect is enhanced, promoting the discharge of liquid water and the renewal of gas in the anode channel.

4. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: While monitoring the idling time of the fuel cell system, the output current of the fuel cell stack is also monitored in real time. If the output current of the fuel cell stack exceeds the preset normal operating range, even if the idling time does not exceed the first threshold, the cycle and opening time of the drain valve and exhaust valve will be switched to the second calibration value. After the output current of the fuel cell stack returns to the normal range, it will be switched back to the first calibration value.

5. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: While monitoring the idling time of the fuel cell system, the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is also monitored in real time. If the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack exceeds the preset normal operating range, even if the idling time does not exceed the first threshold, the cycle and opening time of the drain valve and exhaust valve will be switched to the second calibration value. After the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack returns to the normal range, it will be switched back to the first calibration value.

6. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: While monitoring the idling time of the fuel cell system, the pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the stack is also monitored in real time. If the pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack exceeds the preset normal operating range, even if the idling time does not exceed the first threshold, the cycle and opening time of the drain valve and exhaust valve will be switched to the second calibration value. After the pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack returns to the normal range, it will be switched back to the first calibration value.

7. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: During the operation of the drain valve and exhaust valve according to the second standard quantity, the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas is monitored in real time. If the hydrogen concentration is below the safety lower limit, extend the opening time of the drain valve and exhaust valve until the hydrogen concentration returns to the normal range, then switch back to the first calibration quantity.

8. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: During the operation of the drain valve and exhaust valve according to the second standard quantity, the nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas is monitored in real time. If the nitrogen concentration is higher than the preset upper limit, extend the opening time of the drain valve and exhaust valve until the nitrogen concentration returns to the normal range, then switch back to the first calibration quantity.

9. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: During the operation of the drain valve and air vent valve according to the second standard quantity, the conductivity of the discharged liquid is monitored in real time. If the conductivity of the discharged liquid is abnormal, extend the opening time of the drain valve and vent valve until the conductivity of the discharged liquid returns to the normal range, then switch back to the first calibration quantity.

10. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the idling time of the monitored fuel cell system exceeds a first threshold, the cycle and opening duration of the control drain valve and exhaust valve are switched from a first calibrated value to a second calibrated value. After the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve are continuously set using the second calibrated value for a set time, and then switched back to the first calibrated value, the method further includes: Reset the cumulative idling time of the fuel cell system to zero and re-record the idling time of the fuel cell system.

11. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring of the fuel cell system during idling includes: When the real-time output power of the fuel cell system is less than a preset ratio of the rated output power, the fuel cell system is considered to be in an idling state.

12. A fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device, characterized in that, The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device includes: The calibration parameter configuration module is used to pre-set the first calibration value and the second calibration value of the cycle and opening time of the drain valve and the vent valve. The second calibration value has a shorter cycle, but a longer drain and venting time. The idle speed calibration switching module is used to control the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve to switch from the first calibration value to the second calibration value if the monitoring fuel cell system idles for a duration exceeding a first threshold. After the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve are continuously set using the second calibration value for a certain period of time, the module switches back to the first calibration value.

13. The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The idle speed calibration switching module is also used to increase the control target value of the hydrogen pump speed by a preset ratio if the fuel cell system is a combined ejector and hydrogen pump architecture, and the cycle and opening duration of the drain valve and exhaust valve are executed using the second calibration value, thereby accelerating the hydrogen pump speed and increasing the anode gas circulation flow rate.

14. A fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device, characterized in that, The fuel cell drainage and exhaust control device includes a processor, a memory, and a fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program, wherein when the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the fuel cell drainage and exhaust control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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