Gradient measuring instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gradient measuring instrument, which relates to the technical field of engineering surveying, and is characterized by comprising an instrument main body, the bottom of the instrument main body is provided with a hollow backup plate, the lower part of the backup plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of groups of movable groove covers, and each group of movable groove cover is internally provided with a movable plate capable of moving up and down in a limiting manner; the end, away from the movable groove cover, of the movable plate is provided with abutting plates which are movably attached to each other. According to the utility model, the bottom of the instrument main body is provided with a plurality of groups of abutting plates which are attached to each other and can independently move up and down, so that when the bottom of the instrument is in contact with a slope with an uneven surface, the protruding parts abut against the corresponding abutting plates to contract and displace upwards, thereby ensuring that the backup plate is not in direct contact with the slope; therefore, an included angle is not formed between the backup plate and the slope surface, so that the backup plate can be better parallel to the actual surface of the slope, and the measurement accuracy is further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering surveying, and particularly relates to a slope measuring instrument. Background Art

[0002] A slope measuring instrument is a tool used in engineering to measure the slope of a slope. It mainly consists of a backing plate that can fit against the slope and a horizontal bubble tube to achieve measurement. By attaching the backing plate to the slope and then adjusting the bubble tube to the horizontal, the angle of rotation of the bubble tube is the slope ratio. However, this kind of slope measuring instrument can only be applied to the measurement of slopes with flat surfaces. In engineering such as slope excavation, since the slope surface is not trimmed and is relatively pitted, when using the measuring instrument to measure such an inclined surface, the protruding part on the slope surface will abut against the backing plate part of the measuring instrument, making it impossible to completely fit with the actual slope surface, and there will be a certain angle between it and the slope surface, which will lead to inaccurate subsequent measurement results.

[0003] In view of this, a design or technical improvement is proposed to solve the above problems.

[0004] The above content is only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the utility model, and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above deficiencies and provide a slope measuring instrument.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A slope measuring instrument includes an instrument body. A hollow backing plate is provided at the bottom of the instrument body. A plurality of groups of movable groove covers are evenly arranged at the lower part of the backing plate. An activity plate that can be limited in up-and-down movement is respectively arranged in each group of movable groove covers. A butting plate that is movably and fittingly connected is arranged at one end of the activity plate away from the movable groove cover.

[0008] Further, a first spring with one end connected to the activity plate and the other end connected to the lower surface of the backing plate is arranged in the movable groove cover.

[0009] Further, a plurality of gas delivery pipes corresponding to the number of movable slot covers are arranged inside the backrest plate. A first piston cylinder communicated with one end of the gas delivery pipe is arranged inside the movable slot cover. A first piston plate that seals and slides is arranged inside the first piston cylinder. A first piston rod connected to the movable plate is movably inserted through the bottom of the first piston plate. The other ends of the gas delivery pipes are commonly communicated with a second piston cylinder. An air vent is formed in the second piston cylinder. A second piston plate that seals and slides is arranged inside the second piston cylinder. An opening and closing assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the air vent is arranged on the instrument main body. A plurality of triggering assemblies for triggering the opening and closing assembly to work are arranged on the plurality of gas delivery pipes. When all the triggering assemblies are triggered, the opening and closing assembly plugs the air vent, so that the second piston cylinder cannot intake air.

[0010] Further, the opening and closing assembly includes a servo motor arranged on the instrument main body and a sealing plate installed on the output shaft of the servo motor. The sealing plate can rotate to the upper end of the air vent to plug it.

[0011] Further, the triggering assembly includes a third piston cylinder arranged on the outer surface of the gas delivery pipe near the first piston cylinder and communicated with the gas delivery pipe, a third piston plate that seals and slides inside the third piston cylinder, a second piston rod arranged on the third piston plate and movably inserted through the third piston cylinder, a second spring sleeved on the second piston rod and connected to the side wall of the third piston cylinder at one end and the third piston plate at the other end, and a trigger push switch arranged on the inner wall of the backrest plate and electrically connected to the servo motor. The second springs are arranged in multiple groups respectively above the second piston rod, and the multiple groups of second springs are connected in series. When the multiple groups of second springs are all pressed and triggered, the servo motor drives the sealing plate to perform a rotation action once.

[0012] Further, a reset push switch electrically connected to the parallel gas pipe is arranged on the instrument main body. When the reset push switch is pressed, the servo motor drives the sealing plate to reset to a state separated from the air vent.

[0013] Further, a parallel gas pipe communicated with both of them is arranged between the second piston cylinder and the gas delivery pipe. A one-way valve for unidirectionally supplying gas to the second piston cylinder is arranged at the connection port position of the reset push switch and the gas delivery pipe. The one-way valve is electrically connected to the reset push switch. When the reset push switch is pressed, the valve plate inside the one-way valve opens, so that the second piston cylinder can return and supply gas to the gas delivery pipe.

[0014] Further, a third spring with one end connected to the upper surface of the second piston plate and the other end connected to the inner wall of the second piston cylinder is arranged inside the second piston cylinder.

[0015] Further, a limiting plate that slidably abuts against the upper surface of the sealing plate is arranged on the instrument main body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: By arranging multiple sets of abutting plates that are fitted and can move independently up and down at the bottom of the instrument main body, when the bottom of the instrument contacts a slope with an uneven surface, the protruding parts abut against the corresponding abutting plates and contract and displace upward, thereby ensuring that the backing plate does not directly contact the slope, further avoiding the abutment of the protrusions against the backing plate, so that there is no included angle with the slope, and thus it can be better parallel to the actual surface of the slope, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The schematic diagrams in the specification forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a front perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a rear perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a sectional schematic diagram of the backing plate in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is an internal structure schematic diagram of the backing plate in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a partial sectional schematic diagram of the backing plate in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a partial sectional schematic diagram of the air delivery pipe in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a matching schematic diagram between the air delivery pipe and the parallel air pipe in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is a sectional schematic diagram of the parallel air pipe and the second piston cylinder in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 is a relative position schematic diagram between the second piston cylinder and the servo motor in the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Instrument main body; 2. Back plate; 21. Movable groove cover; 22. Movable plate; 23. Contact plate; 3. First spring; 4. Air delivery pipe; 41. First piston cylinder; 42. First piston plate; 43. First piston rod; 44. Second piston cylinder; 45. Vent hole; 46. Second piston plate; 5. Servo motor; 51. Hole-sealing plate; 6. Third piston cylinder; 61. Third piston plate; 62. Second piston rod; 63. Second spring; 64. Trigger push switch; 7. Reset push switch; 8. Parallel air pipe; 81. Check valve; 9. Third spring; 91. Limit plate. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] As Figures 1-9 shown, a slope measuring instrument includes an instrument main body 1. A hollow back plate 2 is provided at the bottom of the instrument main body 1. Multiple groups of movable groove covers 21 are evenly arranged at the lower part of the back plate 2. A movable plate 22 that can be limited in up-and-down movement is respectively arranged in each group of movable groove covers 21. A contact plate 23 that is movably attached to each other is arranged at one end of the movable plate 22 away from the movable groove cover 21. When the instrument is in use, by holding the instrument main body 1 and using the contact plate 23 at the bottom to fit with the slope to be measured, the contact plate 23 can wrap the protruding parts on the slope through expansion and contraction, so as to ensure that the back plate 2 is not affected by the protruding parts, and thus it is easier to make the back plate 2 parallel to the slope surface and obtain more accurate measurement data.

[0030] In an embodiment, a first spring 3 with one end connected to the movable plate 22 and the other end connected to the lower surface of the back plate 2 is arranged in the movable groove cover 21. Through the arrangement of the first spring 3, the contact plate 23 can be automatically reset after being automatically engaged, and the elastic force of the first spring 3 is used to apply a contact force to the slope part, so as to ensure the holding force stability of the user during measurement.

[0031] In one embodiment, multiple groups of air pipes 4 corresponding to the number of movable slot covers 21 are arranged inside the backing plate 2. A first piston cylinder 41 communicating with one end of the air pipe 4 is arranged inside the movable slot cover 21. A first piston plate 42 that slides in a sealed manner is arranged inside the first piston cylinder 41. A first piston rod 43 connected to the movable plate 22 is movably inserted through the bottom of the first piston plate 42. The ends of the air pipes 4 away from the first piston cylinder 41 are commonly communicated with a second piston cylinder 44. An air vent hole 45 is formed in the second piston cylinder 44. A second piston plate 46 that slides in a sealed manner is arranged inside the second piston cylinder 44. An opening and closing assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the air vent hole 45 is arranged on the instrument main body 1. Multiple groups of triggering assemblies for triggering the operation of the opening and closing assembly are arranged on the multiple groups of air pipes 4. When all the triggering assemblies are triggered, the opening and closing assembly blocks the air vent hole 45, so that air cannot enter the second piston cylinder 44. Since the instrument uses the telescopic property of the abutting plate 23 to ensure that there is no direct contact between the backing plate 2 and the slope surface, it is easier to adjust it to be parallel. However, since it is difficult for the user to observe whether the backing plate 2 is completely parallel to the slope during measurement, a corresponding feedback structure needs to be set. In this solution, the abutting plates 23 are set to be in a mutually fitting structural relationship, so that only when all the abutting plates 23 are subjected to pressure and contract can it be indicated that the upper backing plate 2 is completely parallel to the actual surface of the slope. Then, the air pipe 4 is set using this characteristic. When the abutting plate 23 is compressed, the first piston plate 42 will slide synchronously inside the first piston cylinder 41, and then convey the internal air flow into the second piston cylinder 44, causing the second piston plate 46 inside it to displace. When some of the abutting plates 23 are pressed and air is sent to the second piston cylinder 44 through the air pipe 4, the second piston plate 46 will always displace. At this time, only the triggering assemblies on the air pipes 4 corresponding to the partially pressed abutting plates 23 are triggered, and the opening and closing assembly will not be driven to work. When all the abutting plates 23 are pressed, it indicates that the backing plate 2 is parallel to the slope surface. At this time, all the triggering assemblies are triggered, and then an electrical signal will be transmitted to the opening and closing assembly, causing it to block the air vent hole 45 on the second piston cylinder 44. Then, the second piston plate 46 cannot move, and the air pipe 4 cannot send air into the second piston cylinder 44. As a result, the abutting plate 23 cannot displace. The user will feel a sudden pause in this state, which can indicate that the backing plate 2 is completely parallel to the slope surface. Then, the leveling of the bubble tube can be implemented for slope measurement.

[0032] In one embodiment, the opening and closing assembly includes a servo motor 5 arranged on the instrument main body 1 and a sealing plate 51 installed on the output shaft of the servo motor 5. The sealing plate 51 can rotate to the upper end of the air vent hole 45 to block it. The rotation of the servo motor 5 driving the sealing plate 51 has only two states, including the initial state where the sealing plate 51 does not abut against the air vent hole 45 and the state where the sealing plate 51 rotates to abut against and block the air vent hole 45.

[0033] In one embodiment, the triggering component includes a third piston cylinder 6 disposed on the outer surface of one end of the gas pipeline 4 close to the first piston cylinder 41 and communicating with the gas pipeline 4, a third piston plate 61 sealingly sliding in the third piston cylinder 6, a second piston rod 62 disposed on the third piston plate 61 and movably penetrating through the third piston cylinder 6, a second spring 63 sleeved on the second piston rod 62 and connected at one end to the third piston plate 61 and at the other end to the side wall of the third piston cylinder 6, and a trigger push switch 64 disposed on the inner wall of the backing plate 2 and electrically connected to the servo motor 5; multiple groups of the second springs 63 are respectively disposed directly above the second piston rod 62, and the multiple groups of second springs 63 are connected in series. When all the multiple groups of second springs 63 are pressed and triggered, the servo motor 5 drives the sealing plate 51 to perform a rotation action. When the abutting plate 23 is pressed and the gas in the gas pipeline 4 flows, the air flow will preferentially enter the third piston cylinder 6, thereby pushing the third piston plate 61 to slide in the third piston cylinder 6. The second piston rod 62 will gradually extend out of the third piston cylinder 6 and then abut against the trigger push switch 64. When all the trigger push switches 64 connected in series are pressed, at this time, the servo motor 5 will receive an electrical signal, and then drive the sealing plate 51 to rotate to the upper end of the ventilation hole 45 and abut against and block it, so that the abutting plate 23 stops moving under the action of air pressure, and then the pause feeling is feedback to the user.

[0034] In one embodiment, a reset push switch 7 electrically connected to the parallel gas pipeline 8 is disposed on the instrument main body 1. When the reset push switch 7 is pressed, the servo motor 5 drives the sealing plate 51 to reset to a state separated from the ventilation hole 45. A parallel gas pipeline 8 communicating with both of them is disposed between the second piston cylinder 44 and the gas pipeline 4. A one-way valve 81 for unidirectionally supplying gas to the second piston cylinder 44 is disposed at the position of the communication port between the reset push switch 7 and the gas pipeline 4; the one-way valve 81 is electrically connected to the reset push switch 7. When the reset push switch 7 is pressed, the valve plate in the one-way valve 81 opens, so that the second piston cylinder 44 can return and supply gas to the gas pipeline 4. A third spring 9 is disposed in the second piston cylinder 44, with one end connected to the upper surface of the second piston plate 46 and the other end connected to the inner wall of the second piston cylinder 44. After one measurement is completed, by pressing the reset push switch 7, the sealing plate 51 rotates and resets to be separated from the ventilation hole 45, and at the same time, the valve plate inside the one-way valve 81 opens. Then, the second piston plate 46 rebounds under the action of the third spring 9 and inhales air through the ventilation hole 45, so that the gas that entered the second piston cylinder 44 before is pressed and sent back into the gas pipeline 4, thereby enabling the abutting plate 23 and the third piston plate 61 in the third piston cylinder 6 to complete the reset.

[0035] In one embodiment, a limiting plate 91 is provided on the instrument main body 1 and is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the hole-sealing plate 51. By providing the limiting plate 91, the air pressure inside the second piston cylinder 44 will not impact the hole-sealing plate 51 to cause deformation of its structure after the hole-sealing plate 51 is in contact with the ventilation hole 45, thereby ensuring the use stability of the structure.

[0036] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present utility model.

Claims

1. A slope measuring instrument, comprising an instrument main body (1), characterized in that: A hollow back plate (2) is provided at the bottom of the instrument main body (1). A plurality of groups of movable groove covers (21) are evenly arranged at the lower part of the back plate (2). An activity plate (22) that can be limited in up and down movement is respectively arranged in each group of movable groove covers (21). An abutting plate (23) that is movably and fittingly connected to each other is arranged at one end of the activity plate (22) away from the movable groove cover (21).

2. The slope measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first spring (3) with one end connected to the activity plate (22) and the other end connected to the lower surface of the back plate (2) is arranged in the movable groove cover (21).

3. The gradient measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of air delivery pipes (4) corresponding to the number of the movable groove covers (21) are arranged in the back plate (2). A first piston cylinder (41) communicated with one end of the air delivery pipe (4) is arranged in the movable groove cover (21). A first piston plate (42) that slides in a sealed manner is arranged inside the first piston cylinder (41). A first piston rod (43) connected to the activity plate (22) is movably penetrated through the bottom of the first piston plate (42). The other ends of the air delivery pipes (4) away from the first piston cylinder (41) are commonly communicated with a second piston cylinder (44). An air vent hole (45) is opened on the second piston cylinder (44). A second piston plate (46) that slides in a sealed manner is arranged inside the second piston cylinder (44). An opening and closing assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the air vent hole (45) is arranged on the instrument main body (1). A plurality of groups of triggering assemblies for triggering the work of the opening and closing assembly are arranged on the plurality of groups of air delivery pipes (4). When all the triggering assemblies are triggered, the opening and closing assembly blocks the air vent hole (45), so that air cannot enter the second piston cylinder (44).

4. The slope measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly includes a servo motor (5) arranged on the instrument main body (1) and a sealing plate (51) installed on the output shaft of the servo motor (5). The sealing plate (51) can rotate to the upper end of the air vent hole (45) to block it.

5. The slope measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The triggering assembly includes a third piston cylinder (6) arranged on the outer surface of the air delivery pipe (4) near the first piston cylinder (41) and communicated with the air delivery pipe (4), a third piston plate (61) that slides in a sealed manner in the third piston cylinder (6), a second piston rod (62) arranged on the third piston plate (61) and movably penetrated through the third piston cylinder (6), a second spring (63) sleeved on the second piston rod (62) with one end connected to the third piston plate (61) and the other end connected to the side wall of the third piston cylinder (6), and a triggering push switch (64) arranged on the inner wall of the back plate (2) and electrically connected to the servo motor (5). The second springs (63) are respectively arranged in multiple groups directly above the second piston rod (62), and the multiple groups of second springs (63) are connected in series. When the multiple groups of second springs (63) are all pressed and triggered, the servo motor (5) drives the sealing plate (51) to perform a rotation action once.

6. The gradient measuring instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reset push switch (7) electrically connected to the parallel air pipe (8) is arranged on the instrument main body (1). When the reset push switch (7) is pressed, the servo motor (5) drives the sealing plate (51) to reset to a state separated from the air vent hole (45).

7. The gradient measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air combining pipe (8) communicating with both of them is provided between the second piston cylinder (44) and the air delivery pipe (4), and a one-way valve (81) for unidirectionally supplying air to the second piston cylinder (44) is provided at the position of the communication port between the reset push switch (7) and the air delivery pipe (4); The one-way valve (81) is electrically connected to the reset push switch (7). When the reset push switch (7) is pressed, the valve plate in the one-way valve (81) opens, enabling the second piston cylinder (44) to return and supply air to the air delivery pipe (4).

8. The slope measuring instrument according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that: A third spring (9) with one end connected to the upper surface of the second piston plate (46) and the other end connected to the inner wall of the second piston cylinder (44) is provided in the second piston cylinder (44).

9. The gradient measuring instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting plate (91) that slidably abuts against the upper surface of the hole-sealing plate (51) is provided on the instrument main body (1).

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