Protection circuit for preventing electric leakage of power supply battery
By designing protection circuits and using components such as MOS tubes and transistors, the leakage problem of batteries in the fire water belt when power outages or immerses in water is solved, and the safety protection of the battery and the normal operation of the equipment are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422349895.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-26
AI Technical Summary
During the use of fire hose, the battery may be short-circuited due to short-circuit immersed in water or failure to unplug the charger in time when an external power supply is out of power.
A protection circuit is designed, including a first protection unit, a second protection unit, a step-down unit and a control unit. Using components such as MOS tubes and transistors, when an external power supply is powered off or a water strip is used for on-site rescue, the protection circuit prevents the battery from being powered outward and prevents leakage.
Effectively prevent battery leakage during external power outage or water strips used for on-site rescue, ensuring battery safety and normal operation of equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223141579U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery protection circuits, and particularly relates to a protection circuit for preventing power supply batteries from leaking electricity. Background Art
[0002] One end of a charger is connected to an external power supply, such as mains electricity 220V, etc., and the other end is connected to a device to charge the battery of the device, such as the output voltage of a power adapter is 12V, etc., and then the battery powers the device. In the fire protection field, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown is a hose joint, which includes a joint body 100. The joint body 100 can be a common water pipe joint in the prior art, etc. The joint body 100 is mainly used to connect a hose 400 or another hose joint. The joint body 100 is usually configured with a flow channel 102 for communication, so that adjacent hoses 400 can communicate with each other through the flow channel 102. The joint body 100 is provided with a power supply module 200, and the power supply module 200 is used to supply power to a light-emitting guiding wire 401 as Figure 4 shown. The light-emitting guiding wire 401 is arranged on the hose 400 and functions as a route indicator, which is beneficial for staff (such as firefighters) to quickly and efficiently lay rescue lines on the site. Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , a battery is provided inside the power supply module 200, and the battery supplies power to the light-emitting guiding wire 401. The power supply module 200 has a power supply interface 204 and a charging interface 205. The light-emitting guiding wire 401 is connected to the power supply interface 204, so that the battery in the power supply module 200 supplies power to the light-emitting guiding wire 401, and thus the light-emitting guiding wire 401 emits light. The charger charges the battery through the charging interface 205. The charging interface 205 can adopt a wireless charging interface or a contact charging interface. For example, the charging interface can be a Micro USB interface, a Type C interface, a Lightning interface, and a magnetic induction charging interface, etc., so as to charge the battery in cooperation with the charger through the charging interface 205. It should be noted that the charging interface 205 is sealed and installed in the housing to prevent water from entering the housing.
[0003] When the fire hose is used in rescue, the joint body 100 is very likely to be immersed in water, and the battery will supply power outward, resulting in a problem of battery short circuit. In addition, some chargers may cause battery leakage if the charger is not unplugged in time when the external power supply is cut off in the case of no anti-backflow circuit. Therefore, it is necessary to design a protection circuit arranged at the front end of the battery to prevent battery leakage. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to prevent battery leakage when the external power supply is cut off and the battery charger is not removed, and when the fire hose equipped with a battery is used for on-site rescue, and to provide a protection circuit for preventing leakage of the power supply battery.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned utility model purpose, the embodiments of the present utility model provide the following technical solutions:
[0006] A protection circuit for preventing leakage of a power supply battery, which is connected between an external power supply and a battery, includes a first protection unit, a second protection unit, a buck unit, and a control unit. The input ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively connected to the external power supply. The output ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively connected to the input end of the buck unit and the battery. The input end of the buck unit is also connected to the battery, and the output end of the buck unit is connected to the control unit.
[0007] Furthermore, the first protection unit includes a first MOS transistor M1, a second MOS transistor M2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and a diode D1. The gate of the first MOS transistor M1 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1, and the anode of the diode D1. The other end of the capacitor C1 and the source of the first MOS transistor M1 are both grounded. The cathode of the diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R1 are respectively connected to the pins of the control unit. The drain of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the battery.
[0008] Furthermore, the second protection unit includes a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. The collector and the base of the first triode Q1 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to the external power supply. The base of the second triode Q2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the battery, and the collector of the second triode Q2 and the gate of the second MOS transistor M2 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded.
[0009] Furthermore, the buck unit includes a buck chip U3, a resistor R5, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3. The input end of the buck chip U3 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the output end of the battery. One end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the output end of the battery. The output end of the buck chip U3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the pin of the control unit, such as being connected to the VCC pin of the control unit. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C2, the ground terminal of the buck chip U3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 are connected.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a sampling unit, which includes a resistor R6 and a resistor R7. One end of the resistor R6 is connected to an external power supply, the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R7 and a pin of the control unit, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model prevents battery leakage through a designed protection circuit. The protection circuit includes a MOS transistor and a triode. When the battery is not being charged, the MOS transistor disposed between the external power supply and the battery is turned off, so that the battery cannot supply power to the outside, thereby preventing battery leakage. Description of the Drawings
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0013] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the protection circuit of the present utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the control unit of the present utility model;
[0015] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the water hose joint in the background art;
[0016] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the luminous guiding wire connected to the water hose in the background art.
[0017] Description of the Main Component Symbols
[0018] Joint body 100; Power supply module 200; Power supply interface 204; Charging interface 205; Water hose 400; Luminous guiding wire 401. Detailed Embodiment
[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.
[0021] Embodiment 1:
[0022] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions. As Figure 1 shown, a protection circuit for preventing leakage of a power supply battery is connected between an external power supply and the battery. The protection circuit includes a first protection unit, a second protection unit, a buck unit, and a control unit. The input ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively connected to the external power supply. The output ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively connected to the input end of the buck unit and the battery. The input end of the buck unit is also connected to the battery, and the output end of the buck unit is connected to the control unit.
[0023] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 , the control unit is an MCU chip, and only some pins are shown. Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , the first protection unit includes a first MOS transistor M1, a second MOS transistor M2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and a diode D1; the gate of the first MOS transistor M1 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1, and the anode of the diode D1. The other end of the capacitor C1 and the source of the first MOS transistor M1 are both grounded. The cathode of the diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R1 are respectively connected to the pins of the control unit, such as connected to the P5.4 pin of the control unit; the drain of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the battery.
[0024] Please continue to refer to Figure 1, the second protection unit includes a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. The collector and base of the first triode Q1 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to an external power supply; the base of the second triode Q2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the battery, and the collector of the second triode Q2 and the gate of the second MOS transistor M2 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded.
[0025] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , the buck unit includes a buck chip U3, a resistor R5, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3. The input end of the buck chip U3 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the output end of the battery; one end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the output end of the battery; the output end of the buck chip U3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and a pin of the control unit, such as connected to the VCC pin of the control unit; the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C2, the ground terminal of the buck chip U3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 are connected.
[0026] The protection circuit further includes a sampling unit, and the sampling unit includes a resistor R6 and a resistor R7. One end of the resistor R6 is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R7 and a pin of the control unit, such as connected to the P5.5 pin of the control unit; the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded. The resistor R6 is a sampling resistor for real-time obtaining the magnitude of the external power supply Vin and transmitting it to the control unit.
[0027] For ease of understanding, the source of the first MOS transistor M1 is defined as S1, the gate is defined as G1, and the drain is defined as D1; the source of the second MOS transistor M2 is defined as S2, the gate is defined as G2, and the drain is defined as D2; the base of the first triode Q1 is defined as B1, the collector is defined as C1, and the emitter is defined as E1; the base of the second triode Q2 is defined as B2, the collector is defined as C2, and the emitter is defined as E2. From Figure 1 It can be seen that V Q1-E1 =V in , V Q2-E2 =V bat , V in represents the voltage of the external power supply, and V bat represents the battery voltage. The working principle of the protection circuit is as follows:
[0028] (1) When the charging interface 205 of the power supply module 200 is connected to an external power supply V in , V in >Vbat ,V Q1-E1 ≥V Q2-E2 At this time, Q1 conducts and Q2 cuts off; there is V M2-S2 =V bat ,V M2-G2 =0, V G2S2 =0. At this time, M2 conducts and the external power supply charges the battery. It should be noted that when the charger is plugged in to charge the battery, the water hose cannot be used for on-site rescue.
[0029] (2) When the power supply interface 204 of the power supply module 200 is not connected to an external power supply V in , or when the water hose is used for on-site rescue, V in <V bat ,V Q1-E1 <V Q2-E2 At this time, Q1 cuts off and Q2 conducts; there is V M2-S2 =V bat ,V M2-G2 =V bat At this time, M2 cuts off and the battery cannot supply power to the outside through M2.
[0030] As mentioned above, V Q1-E1 represents the voltage of the emitter E1 of the first triode Q1; V Q2-E2 represents the voltage of the emitter E2 of the second triode Q2; V M2-S2 represents the voltage of the source S2 of the second MOS transistor M2; V M2-G2 represents the voltage of the gate G2 of the second MOS transistor M2.
[0031] In addition, when the water hose is used for on-site rescue, the control unit outputs a high level through the signal line CLT_mcu. At this time, the resistor R1 pulls down and M1 conducts, enabling the battery to turn on; please refer to Figure 2 , The P1.0 and P1.1 pins of the control unit are respectively connected to the light-emitting guiding wire 401. The control unit outputs high levels through the signal lines EN_LED1 and EN_LED2, and the light-emitting guiding wire 401 lights up. If either EN_LED1 or EN_LED2 is at a low level, the light-emitting guiding wire 401 does not light up. When the water hose is not used for on-site rescue, the control unit outputs a low level through the signal line CLT_mcu. At this time, Q1 cuts off, turning off the battery.
[0032] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A protection circuit for preventing leakage of a power supply battery, connected between an external power supply and the battery, characterized in that: It includes a first protection unit, a second protection unit, a step-down unit, and a control unit. The input ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively connected to an external power supply. The output ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively connected to the input end of the step-down unit and the battery. The input end of the step-down unit is also connected to the battery, and the output end of the step-down unit is connected to the control unit.
2. The protection circuit for preventing power supply battery leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection unit includes a first MOS transistor M1, a second MOS transistor M2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and a diode D1. The gate of the first MOS transistor M1 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1, and the anode of the diode D1. The other end of the capacitor C1 and the source of the first MOS transistor M1 are both grounded. The cathode of the diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R1 are respectively connected to the pins of the control unit. The drain of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the battery.
3. The protection circuit for preventing power supply battery leakage according to claim 2, wherein: The second protection unit includes a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. The collector and the base of the first triode Q1 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3. The emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to the external power supply. The base of the second triode Q2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded. The emitter of the second triode Q2 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the battery. The collector of the second triode Q2 and the gate of the second MOS transistor M2 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded.
4. The protection circuit for preventing power supply battery leakage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step-down unit includes a step-down chip U3, a resistor R5, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3. The input end of the step-down chip U3 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the output end of the battery. One end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the output end of the battery. The output end of the step-down chip U3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the pin of the control unit, such as being connected to the VCC pin of the control unit. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C2, the grounding end of the step-down chip U3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 are connected.
5. The protection circuit for preventing power supply battery leakage according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a sampling unit. The sampling unit includes a resistor R6 and a resistor R7. One end of the resistor R6 is connected to the external power supply. The other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R7 and the pin of the control unit, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded.