Smoke discharge structure, battery system and electric device
By designing the smoke exhaust structure of the gas collection chamber and gas collection cylinder in the battery system, the safety hazards caused by excessive flue gas pressure when the battery is thermally out of control are solved, and safe flue gas treatment and emission are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421277356.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-05
AI Technical Summary
When the battery is thermally out of control, a large amount of smoke gas is generated, causing the air pressure of the smoke exhaust pipe to increase, which may lead to cracking and detonation, posing a safety hazard.
The smoke exhaust structure is designed, including the gas collection chamber, the smoke exhaust pipe and the gas collection cylinder. It is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe through the gas collection cylinder, which accommodates part of the smoke gas to form a buffer, reduces the gas pressure, and centrally treats the smoke gas through the gas collection chamber to prevent the smoke exhaust pipe from cracking and smoke leakage.
Effectively reduce the gas pressure of the smoke exhaust pipe, prevent cracking, avoid deflagration, and improve the safety of the battery system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223156212U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to a smoke exhaust structure, a battery system, and an electrical device. Background Art
[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are increasingly widely used, such as in mobile phones, laptops, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and electric tools.
[0003] During the use of a battery, once thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of smoke will be generated, and the smoke exhaust pipe will crack, resulting in poor safety. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Based on this, in view of the problem of poor safety, it is necessary to provide a smoke exhaust structure, a battery system, and an electrical device.
[0005] A first aspect of the present application provides a smoke exhaust structure, including: a gas collecting chamber; a smoke exhaust pipe, one end of which is connected to the gas collecting chamber, and at least one first communication port is formed on the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipe; and at least one gas collecting bottle, which is arranged on the first communication port.
[0006] By designing that one end of the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the gas collecting chamber, and the other end of the pipe is used to be connected to the pressure relief part of the battery; and enabling the gas collecting bottle to communicate with the smoke exhaust pipe through the first communication port, when thermal runaway occurs during the use of the battery, a large amount of smoke is generated and input into the smoke exhaust pipe. The gas collecting bottle can effectively accommodate part of the smoke through the first communication port to form a buffer, thereby reducing the gas pressure in the smoke exhaust pipe, preventing the smoke exhaust pipe from cracking due to excessive air pressure. The smoke is input into the gas collecting chamber through the smoke exhaust pipe for centralized treatment, avoiding the explosion caused by the leakage of smoke, and having good safety.
[0007] In one embodiment, the gas collecting bottle includes a hollow bottle body, a bottle mouth, and a waterproof breathable membrane; the bottle mouth is arranged on the bottle body, and the waterproof breathable membrane is arranged in the bottle mouth; the bottle mouth is detachably connected to the first communication port. In this way, the bottle body is used to accommodate part of the smoke in the smoke exhaust pipe, thereby forming a buffer, reducing the gas pressure in the smoke exhaust pipe, and preventing the smoke exhaust pipe from cracking due to excessive air pressure. In addition, the waterproof breathable membrane arranged in the bottle mouth can prevent the electrolyte mixed in the smoke from entering the bottle body to avoid corrosion. The electrolyte and smoke are input into the gas collecting chamber through the smoke exhaust pipe for centralized treatment, avoiding the explosion caused by the leakage of smoke and electrolyte, and having good safety.
[0008] Optionally, the waterproof breathable membrane can be a polyethylene polymer breathable membrane or a polytetrafluoroethylene polymer breathable membrane, etc.
[0009] In one embodiment, the gas collecting bottle includes a one-way valve, which is arranged in the bottle mouth and located between the first communication port and the waterproof breathable membrane to allow external gas to enter the cavity of the bottle body. In this way, once thermal runaway occurs during the use of the battery, a large amount of flue gas is generated and input into the exhaust pipe. Part of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe can effectively enter the bottle body of the gas collecting bottle through the one-way valve, so as to effectively accommodate part of the flue gas. And the one-way valve can prevent the excess flue gas from returning from the gas collecting bottle to the exhaust pipe, thus realizing the centralized treatment of the flue gas.
[0010] In one embodiment, the exhaust structure includes a plurality of the gas collecting bottles. A plurality of first communication ports are formed on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe at intervals, and each gas collecting bottle is respectively arranged on the corresponding first communication port; each first communication port is arranged on the section of the exhaust pipe far from the gas collecting chamber. In this way, by respectively arranging a plurality of gas collecting bottles on the corresponding first communication ports, the gas collecting bottles can effectively accommodate part of the flue gas through the first communication ports to form a buffer, and then the gas pressure in the exhaust pipe can be reduced, thereby preventing the exhaust pipe from cracking due to excessive air pressure.
[0011] In one embodiment, the exhaust structure includes at least one liquid collecting tank; at least one second communication port is formed on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe, and the liquid collecting tank is arranged on the second communication port. By forming at least one second communication port on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe and arranging the liquid collecting tank on the second communication port, the waterproof breathable membrane of the gas collecting bottle can prevent the electrolyte mixed in the flue gas from entering the bottle body to avoid corrosion, and further collect the electrolyte in the exhaust pipe through the liquid collecting tank for convenient centralized treatment, avoiding corrosion of the exhaust pipe and the gas collecting chamber.
[0012] In one embodiment, along the vertical direction, the first communication port is arranged on the top side pipe wall of the exhaust pipe; and / or, along the vertical direction, the second communication port is arranged on the bottom side pipe wall of the exhaust pipe; and / or, along the extending direction of the exhaust pipe, the first communication port and the second communication port are arranged in a staggered manner. In this way, using the fact that the electrolyte is heavier than the flue gas, the flue gas entering the exhaust pipe can pass through the first communication port vertically upward and enter the gas collecting bottle, and the electrolyte entering the exhaust pipe can pass through the second communication port vertically downward and enter the liquid collecting tank, which is convenient for centralized treatment and avoids the electrolyte from corroding the exhaust pipe and the gas collecting chamber; the liquid collecting tank and the gas collecting bottle are respectively arranged in a staggered manner on the exhaust pipe and respectively collect the flue gas and the electrolyte in the exhaust pipe, which is convenient for centralized treatment and can effectively prevent the exhaust pipe from cracking due to excessive air pressure and avoid leakage caused by the electrolyte corroding the exhaust pipe, effectively improving the safety of the exhaust structure.
[0013] In one embodiment, the liquid collection tank is detachably connected to the second communication port; and / or, a sewage discharge valve is provided on the liquid collection tank.
[0014] In one embodiment, the smoke exhaust structure includes a plurality of spoiler plates; at least part of the spoiler plates are fixed on the inner side of the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipe and are at the edge of the first communication port; and / or, at least part of the spoiler plates are fixed on the inner side of the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipe and are at the edge of the second communication port. Thus, the spoiler plates can be used to disturb the mixture formed by the flue gas and the electrolyte flowing in the smoke exhaust pipe, so that the mixture decelerates and is more likely to separate under the action of gravity, enabling the flue gas to enter the gas collection bottle under the guidance of the spoiler plates, and also enabling the electrolyte to enter the liquid collection tank under the guidance of the spoiler plates, facilitating subsequent recovery and treatment.
[0015] In one embodiment, the spoiler plate is inclined towards the end of the smoke exhaust pipe away from the gas collection chamber. By arranging the spoiler plate to be inclined towards the end of the smoke exhaust pipe away from the gas collection chamber, the spoiler plate can generate a large resistance to force the mixture to decelerate and be more likely to separate under the action of gravity, so that part of the flue gas can smoothly enter the gas collection bottle, and part of the electrolyte can smoothly enter the liquid collection tank, facilitating subsequent recovery and treatment.
[0016] The second aspect of the present application provides a battery system, including a battery and the above-mentioned smoke exhaust structure; the battery includes a pressure relief part, and the pipe orifice at the end of the smoke exhaust pipe away from the gas collection chamber is connected to the pressure relief part.
[0017] The third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery system.
[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are hereinafter specifically exemplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic exploded view of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by some embodiments of the present application.
[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
[0023] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of a battery system provided for some embodiments of the present application.
[0024] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of a gas collecting bottle provided for some embodiments of the present application.
[0025] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of a battery system provided for some other embodiments of the present application.
[0026] Description of reference numerals:
[0027] Vehicle - 1000;
[0028] Battery - 100, box - 110, first part - 111, second part - 112, battery module - 120, battery cell - 121, end cap - 122, housing - 123, electrode assembly - 124, electrode terminal - 125, pressure relief part - 130, controller - 200, motor - 300;
[0029] Gas collecting chamber - 10, exhaust pipe - 20, first communication port - 21, second communication port - 22, gas collecting bottle - 30, bottle body - 31, bottle nozzle - 32, waterproof and breathable membrane - 33, liquid collecting tank - 40, flow spoiler - 50. Detailed implementation manners
[0030] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application more clearly, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above drawings are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion.
[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if technical terms such as "first" and "second" appear, these terms are only used for descriptive purposes to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary - secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.
[0033] References to "embodiments" in this specification mean that the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this text generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.
[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two (including two), such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. Similarly, if the term "multiple groups" appears, "multiple groups" means two or more groups (including two groups), and if the term "multiple pieces" appears, "multiple pieces" means two or more pieces (including two pieces).
[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.
[0038] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, when a first feature is described as being "on" or "under" a second feature or similar descriptions, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
[0039] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.
[0040] Currently, from the perspective of the development of the market situation, the application of batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Batteries are not only applied to energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as many fields such as aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the battery application field, the market demand is also constantly increasing.
[0041] In the related art, the flue gas generated by the battery often relies on a gas collection chamber for treatment; after the explosion-proof mechanism on the battery cell is opened, the flue gas enters the battery pack, resulting in an increase in the internal air pressure of the battery pack, and then after the pressure relief mechanism on the battery pack is opened, the gas enters the flue gas pipeline from the battery pack, along with a small amount of electrolyte; however, once the battery experiences thermal runaway during use, a large amount of flue gas will be generated in a short time and transported to the gas collection chamber through the smoke exhaust pipeline for treatment. The combustible flue gas will quickly accumulate in the smoke exhaust pipeline to generate a huge air pressure. If not dealt with in time, the smoke exhaust pipeline may crack due to the huge air pressure, which may lead to combustion explosion and pose a safety hazard.
[0042] In order to alleviate the problem of poor safety, multiple gas collection bottles can be designed outside the smoke exhaust pipeline in the design. Once the battery experiences thermal runaway during use and generates a large amount of flue gas, it is input into the smoke exhaust pipeline, and part of the flue gas is collected by the gas collection bottles to form a buffer, reducing the gas pressure in the smoke exhaust pipeline, avoiding the cracking of the smoke exhaust pipeline, and effectively avoiding combustion explosion, ensuring safety.
[0043] The embodiments of the present application provide an exhaust structure, a battery system, and an electrical device. The electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy may include a stationary or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric vehicle toy, an electric ship toy, an electric aircraft toy, etc. The spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spaceship, etc.
[0044] It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are not only limited to the batteries and electrical devices described above, but also applicable to all batteries including a box body and electrical devices using the batteries. However, for the sake of brevity of description, an electrical device in the embodiments of the present application, taking a vehicle 1000 as an example, will be described.
[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, the head, or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, for the working power requirements during the start, navigation, and driving of the vehicle 1000.
[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source of the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
[0047] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by some embodiments of the present application. Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 . To meet different power usage requirements, the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 121 and a box body 110. The battery cell 121 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery module 120 or the battery pack. The plurality of battery cells 121 can be connected in series and / or in parallel via electrode terminals for various application scenarios. The battery 100 mentioned in the present application is a battery pack.
[0048] The housing 110 is used to accommodate the battery cells 121 or the battery module 120 to prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells 121. The housing 110 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 110 may include a first part 111 and a second part 112. The first part 111 and the second part 112 cover each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 jointly define a receiving space for accommodating the battery cells 121. The second part 112 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 111 can be a plate-like structure. The first part 111 covers the open side of the second part 112 so that the first part 111 and the second part 112 jointly define the receiving space; the first part 111 and the second part 112 can also both be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 111 covers the open side of the second part 112. Of course, the housing 110 formed by the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be of various shapes. For example, it can be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder or sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of a combination of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, cylinder or sphere. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The material of the housing 110 can be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy and ferroalloy, or polymer materials such as polycarbonate and polyisocyanurate foam, or composite materials such as glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this either.
[0049] The battery 100 may further include a pressure relief part 130. The pressure relief part 130 can be provided on the first part or the second part 112. The pressure relief part 130 is used to connect the receiving space inside the housing 120 with the external environment when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery 100 reaches a threshold value, so as to release the internal pressure of the battery 100.
[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, multiple battery cells 121 can directly form a battery pack, or can first form a battery module 120, and then the battery module 120 forms a battery pack. Specifically, multiple battery cells 121 can be directly connected in series, parallel or in a mixed connection to form an integral body, and then the integral body formed by the multiple battery cells 121 is accommodated in the housing 110. It can also be that multiple battery cells 121 are first connected in series, parallel or in a mixed connection to form a battery module 120, and multiple battery modules 120 are then connected in series, parallel or in a mixed connection to form an integral body and are accommodated in the housing 110.
[0051] The battery 100 may further include other structures. For example, the battery 100 may further include a busbar component for realizing the electrical connection between multiple battery cells 121.
[0052] Each battery cell 121 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 121 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes, etc. The battery cell 121 is generally divided into three types according to the encapsulation method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. However, for the sake of simplicity of description, in the following embodiments, the square lithium-ion battery cell 121 is taken as an example for illustration.
[0053] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a schematic exploded view of the battery cell 121 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 121 includes an end cap 122, a housing 123, an electrode assembly 124, and other functional components.
[0054] The end cap 122 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 123 to isolate the internal environment of the electrode assembly 124 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 122 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 123 to cooperate with the housing 123. Optionally, the end cap 122 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 122 is not easily deformed when subjected to extrusion and collision, enabling the battery cell 121 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as electrode terminals 125 can be provided on the end cap 122. The electrode terminals 125 can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 124 for outputting or inputting the electrical energy of the battery cell 121. In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 121 reaches a threshold can also be provided on the end cap 122. The material of the end cap 122 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make special restrictions thereon. In some embodiments, an insulating member can be provided on the inner side of the end cap 122, and the insulating member can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 123 from the end cap 122 to reduce the risk of short circuit. Exemplarily, the insulating member can be plastic, rubber, etc.
[0055] The housing 123 is a component for cooperating with the end cap 122 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 121. Among them, the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 124, the electrolyte, and other components. The housing 123 and the end cap 122 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 123, and the end cap 122 is covered at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 121. Without limitation, the end cap 122 and the housing 123 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 122 and the housing 123 can first form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 123, the end cap 122 is then covered on the housing 123. The housing 123 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 123 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 124. The material of the housing 123 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not make special restrictions on this.
[0056] The electrode assembly 124 is a component in the battery cell 121 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. The housing 123 can contain one or more electrode assemblies 124. The electrode assembly 124 is mainly formed by winding or laminating a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 124, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active materials respectively constitute the electrode tabs (not shown). The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at both ends of the main body respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the electrode tabs are connected to the electrode terminals 125 to form a current loop.
[0057] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system provided by some embodiments of the present application. Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a gas collecting bottle provided by some embodiments of the present application. Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system provided by some other embodiments of the present application.
[0058] Referring to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first aspect of the present application provides an exhaust structure for exhausting smoke from the battery.
[0059] The exhaust structure includes: a gas collecting chamber 10, an exhaust pipe 20, and at least one gas collecting bottle 30. Among them, one end of the exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the gas collecting chamber 10, and at least one first communication port 21 is formed on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 20; the gas collecting bottle 30 is arranged on the first communication port 21.
[0060] In this way, one end of the exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the gas collecting chamber 10, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is used to be connected to the pressure relief part 130 of the battery 100. The gas collecting bottle 30 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 20 through the first communication port 21. Once thermal runaway occurs during the use of the battery 100, a large amount of smoke is generated and input into the exhaust pipe 20. The gas collecting bottle 30 can effectively accommodate part of the smoke through the first communication port 21 to form a buffer, thereby reducing the gas pressure in the exhaust pipe 20, preventing the exhaust pipe 20 from cracking due to excessive air pressure. The smoke is input into the gas collecting chamber 10 through the exhaust pipe 20 for centralized treatment, avoiding deflagration caused by smoke leakage, and having good safety performance.
[0061] Optionally, the gas collecting chamber 10 is a cavity structure for centrally accommodating smoke and performing treatment and recovery. The gas collecting chamber 10 can be in various shapes. For example, it can be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder, or sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of a combination of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, cylinder, or sphere. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The material of the gas collecting chamber 10 can be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy and ferroalloy. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. A protective layer can be coated on the surface of the gas collecting chamber 10 to avoid corrosion.
[0062] Those skilled in the art should know that the gas collecting chamber 10 is connected with necessary functional devices for treating smoke, such as filters, which are not elaborated in the present application.
[0063] Optionally, the exhaust pipe 20 is a thin-walled metal pipe, and the material can be alloy materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloy, which has the advantages of good strength and light weight. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The cross-section of the exhaust pipe 20 is usually circular, or it can also be a square pipe or other shaped pipes. The two ends of the exhaust pipe 20 can be respectively connected to the gas collecting chamber 10 and the pressure relief part 130 of the battery 100. Specifically, the whole exhaust pipe 20 can be a straight pipe. In addition, according to the actual design space requirements, the exhaust pipe 20 can also be designed as a bent pipe extending in a curved shape. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. A protective layer can be coated on the inner surface of the exhaust pipe 20 to avoid corrosion.
[0064] In some possible embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the gas collecting bottle 30 includes a hollow bottle body 31, a bottle mouth 32, and a waterproof breathable membrane 33. The bottle mouth 32 is arranged on the bottle body 31, and the waterproof breathable membrane 33 is arranged in the bottle mouth 32. The bottle mouth 32 is detachably connected to the first communication port 21.
[0065] Thus, the bottle body 31 is used to accommodate part of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 20, so as to form a buffer, and then reduce the gas pressure in the exhaust pipe 20, thereby preventing the exhaust pipe 20 from cracking due to excessive air pressure. In addition, the waterproof and breathable membrane 33 is arranged in the bottle mouth 32 to prevent the electrolyte mixed in the flue gas from entering the bottle body 31 and avoid corrosion. The electrolyte and the flue gas are input into the gas collection chamber 10 through the exhaust pipe 20 for centralized treatment, avoiding deflagration caused by the leakage of the flue gas and the electrolyte, and having good safety.
[0066] Optionally, the bottle mouth 32 and the bottle body 31 can be integrally connected, or can be separately processed and manufactured, and connected into one body by means of gluing, welding, etc.
[0067] Optionally, the bottle mouth 32 and the first communication port 21 can be connected by threads; thus, when the bottle body 31 contains enough flue gas, the bottle mouth 32 can be disassembled by rotation, so that the gas collection bottle 30 is separated from the exhaust pipe 20, which is convenient for the operator to recycle and process.
[0068] Optionally, the bottle body 31 is a thin-shelled cavity structure. The bottle body 31 can be in various shapes. For example, it can be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder or sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of a combination of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, cylinder or sphere. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The material of the bottle body 31 can be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy and ferroalloy, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The surface of the bottle body 31 can be coated with a protective layer to avoid corrosion.
[0069] In some possible embodiments, the gas collection bottle 30 includes a one-way valve (not marked), and the one-way valve is arranged in the bottle mouth 32 and located between the first communication port 21 and the waterproof and breathable membrane 33 to allow external gas to enter the cavity of the bottle body 31.
[0070] Thus, once thermal runaway occurs during the use of the battery 100, a large amount of flue gas is generated and input into the exhaust pipe 20. Part of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 20 can effectively enter the bottle body 31 of the gas collection bottle 30 through the one-way valve, so as to effectively accommodate part of the flue gas, and the one-way valve can prevent the excess flue gas from returning from the gas collection bottle 30 to the exhaust pipe 20, thereby realizing the centralized treatment of the flue gas.
[0071] In some possible embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the exhaust structure includes a plurality of gas collection bottles 30. A plurality of first communication ports 21 are formed on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 20 at intervals, and each gas collection bottle 30 is respectively arranged on the corresponding first communication port 21; each first communication port 21 is arranged on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 away from the gas collection chamber 10.
[0072] By respectively arranging a plurality of gas collecting bottles 30 on corresponding first communication ports 21, the gas collecting bottles 30 can effectively accommodate part of the flue gas through the first communication ports 21 to form a buffer, thereby reducing the gas pressure in the exhaust pipe 20 and preventing the exhaust pipe 20 from cracking due to excessive air pressure.
[0073] Since the flue gas is discharged from the pressure relief part 130 of the battery 100, a large amount of flue gas accumulates on the section where the exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the pressure relief part 130 to form a high-pressure air wave; by arranging the first communication port 21 on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 far from the gas collecting chamber 10, that is, arranging the first communication port 21 on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 close to the pressure relief part 130, in this way, the gas collecting bottle 30 can more quickly and effectively accommodate part of the flue gas through the first communication port 21 and form a buffer on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 close to the pressure relief part 130, thereby reducing the gas pressure in the section of the exhaust pipe 20 close to the pressure relief part 130 and preventing the section of the exhaust pipe 20 close to the pressure relief part 130 from cracking due to excessive air pressure.
[0074] Optionally, the number of the first communication ports 21 arranged on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 far from the gas collecting chamber 10 is not less than the number of the first communication ports 21 arranged on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 close to the gas collecting chamber 10. That is to say, along the direction of the battery 100 towards the gas collecting chamber 10, that is, the extending direction, the distance between two adjacent first communication ports 21 on the exhaust pipe 20 gradually becomes larger, ensuring that more gas collecting bottles 30 are arranged on the section of the exhaust pipe 20 close to the pressure relief part 130 through the first communication ports 21 and accommodating part of the flue gas, thereby effectively buffering the pressure in the exhaust pipe 20.
[0075] In some possible embodiments, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust structure includes at least one liquid collecting tank 40; at least one second communication port 22 is formed on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 20, and the liquid collecting tank 40 is arranged on the second communication port 22.
[0076] In the related art, when the battery 100 has a thermal runaway during use, as the pressure relief part 130 connects the inside and outside of the battery 100 to the exhaust pipe, a large amount of flue gas is ejected, and part of the electrolyte will be ejected into the exhaust pipe. The electrolyte is a combustible substance and has a risk of combustion and explosion.
[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, at least one second communication port 22 is formed on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 20, and the liquid collecting tank 40 is arranged on the second communication port 22; the waterproof and breathable membrane 33 of the gas collecting bottle 30 can prevent the electrolyte mixed in the flue gas from entering the bottle body 31 to avoid corrosion, and further collect the electrolyte in the exhaust pipe 20 through the liquid collecting tank 40 for convenient centralized treatment, avoiding corrosion of the exhaust pipe 20 and the gas collecting chamber 10.
[0078] In some possible embodiments, in combination with Figure 7 the orientation shown, along the vertical direction, the first communication port 21 is arranged on the pipe wall on the top side of the smoke exhaust pipe 20. In this way, by using the fact that the electrolyte is heavier than the flue gas, the flue gas entering the smoke exhaust pipe 20 can pass upward through the first communication port 21 along the vertical direction and then enter the gas collecting cylinder 30, which can reduce the gas pressure in the smoke exhaust pipe 20, thereby preventing the smoke exhaust pipe 20 from cracking due to excessive air pressure. The flue gas is input into the gas collecting chamber 10 through the smoke exhaust pipe 20 for centralized treatment, avoiding deflagration caused by flue gas leakage, and having good safety.
[0079] In some possible embodiments, in combination with Figure 7 the orientation shown, along the vertical direction, the second communication port 22 is arranged on the pipe wall on the bottom side of the smoke exhaust pipe 20; in this way, by using the fact that the electrolyte is heavier than the flue gas, the electrolyte entering the smoke exhaust pipe 20 can pass downward through the second communication port 22 along the vertical direction and then enter the liquid collecting tank 40, which is convenient for centralized treatment and avoids the electrolyte from corroding the smoke exhaust pipe 20 and the gas collecting chamber 10.
[0080] In some possible embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, along the extending direction of the smoke exhaust pipe 20, the first communication port 21 and the second communication port 22 are arranged in a staggered manner; in this way, the liquid collecting tank 40 and the gas collecting cylinder 30 are respectively arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 20 in a staggered manner, and respectively collect the flue gas and the electrolyte in the smoke exhaust pipe 20, which is convenient for centralized treatment, and can effectively prevent the smoke exhaust pipe 20 from cracking due to excessive air pressure, and avoid situations such as the electrolyte corroding the smoke exhaust pipe 20 and causing leakage, effectively improving the safety of the smoke exhaust structure.
[0081] In some possible embodiments, the liquid collecting tank 40 is detachably connected to the second communication port 22. Specifically, the liquid collecting tank 40 and the second communication port 22 can be connected by threads; in this way, when the liquid collecting tank 40 contains enough electrolyte, the liquid collecting tank 40 can be easily separated from the smoke exhaust pipe 20, which is convenient for the operator to recycle and process the electrolyte in the liquid collecting tank 40.
[0082] In some possible embodiments, a sewage discharge valve 41 is arranged on the liquid collecting tank 40. In this way, when the liquid collecting tank 40 contains enough electrolyte, the electrolyte can be discharged centrally by opening the sewage discharge valve 41, so as to facilitate the subsequent re-collection of the electrolyte in the smoke exhaust pipe 20 and avoid corrosion.
[0083] Optionally, the sewage discharge valve 41 can be connected to an external electrolyte recovery mechanism or can be a separate valve; it is convenient for regular treatment.
[0084] In some possible embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 7As shown, the smoke exhaust structure includes a plurality of spoiler plates 50; at least part of the spoiler plates 50 are fixed on the inner side of the wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 20 and are at the edge of the first communication port 21. In this way, the spoiler plates 50 can be used to disturb the mixture formed by the smoke and the electrolyte flowing in the smoke exhaust pipe 20, so that the mixture decelerates and is more likely to be separated under the action of gravity. Furthermore, the smoke can enter the gas collecting bottle 30 under the guidance of the spoiler plates 50, facilitating subsequent recovery and treatment.
[0085] In some possible embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the smoke exhaust structure includes a plurality of spoiler plates 50; at least part of the spoiler plates 50 are fixed on the inner side of the wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 20 and are at the edge of the second communication port 22. In this way, the spoiler plates 50 can be used to disturb the smoke and the electrolyte flowing in the smoke exhaust pipe 20, so that it decelerates and is more likely to be separated under the action of gravity. Furthermore, the electrolyte can enter the liquid collecting tank 40 under the guidance of the spoiler plates 50, facilitating subsequent recovery and treatment.
[0086] Optionally, the spoiler plate 50 can be a thin plate made of plastic or metal. Fixing the spoiler plate 50 on the inner side of the wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 20, the connection method can be by bolt connection or direct welding, etc., specifically subject to the design.
[0087] Optionally, there can be multiple spoiler plates 50 in one smoke exhaust pipe 20, and the multiple spoiler plates 50 can be spirally arranged on the inner side of the wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 20 along the extending direction of the smoke exhaust pipe 20. In this way, it is ensured that the spoiler plates 50 can disturb the mixture formed by the smoke and the electrolyte flowing at high speed in the smoke exhaust pipe 20 from multiple angles, and then the mixture decelerates and is more likely to be separated under the action of gravity; on the one hand, it reduces the impact of the mixture formed by the smoke and the electrolyte on the gas collecting chamber 10, and on the other hand, it can make part of the smoke enter the gas collecting bottle 30 and part of the electrolyte enter the liquid collecting tank 40, facilitating subsequent recovery and treatment.
[0088] In some possible embodiments, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the spoiler plate 50 is inclined towards the end of the smoke exhaust pipe 20 away from the gas collecting chamber 10.
[0089] Since the smoke is discharged from the pressure relief part 130 of the battery 100, a large amount of the mixture formed by the smoke and the electrolyte flows at high speed from the section where the smoke exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the pressure relief part 130 towards the gas collecting chamber 10; by inclining the spoiler plate 50 towards the end of the smoke exhaust pipe 20 away from the gas collecting chamber 10, the spoiler plate 50 can generate a large resistance to force the mixture to decelerate and be more likely to be separated under the action of gravity. Furthermore, part of the smoke can smoothly enter the gas collecting bottle 30, and part of the electrolyte can smoothly enter the liquid collecting tank 40, facilitating subsequent recovery and treatment.
[0090] In some possible embodiments, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 7 as shown, the plate surface of the spoiler 50 forms an angle A with the extending direction of the exhaust pipe 20, and 30° ≤ A ≤ 75°. Ensure that the spoiler 50 can generate a large resistance to force the mixture formed by the flue gas and the electrolyte to decelerate, making it easier to separate under the action of gravity. Exemplarily, the numerical value of the angle A can be 30°, 32°, 38°, 41°, 45°, 50°, 53°, 57°, 62°, 65°, 70°, 71°, 75°, and the present application will not elaborate on each of them one by one.
[0091] The second aspect of the present application provides a battery system, including the battery 100 and the above-mentioned exhaust structure; the battery includes a pressure relief part 130, and the pipe orifice at the end of the exhaust pipe 20 far from the gas collection chamber 10 is connected to the pressure relief part 130.
[0092] The third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery system. The battery 100 of the battery system is used to supply electrical energy to the electrical device.
[0093] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.
[0094] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A smoke exhaust structure for exhausting smoke from a battery; characterized in that, The smoke exhaust structure includes: a gas collecting bin (10); a smoke exhaust pipe (20), one end of which is connected to the gas collecting bin (10), and at least one first communication port (21) is formed on the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20); and at least one gas collecting bottle (30) disposed on the first communication port (21).
2. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collecting bottle (30) includes a hollow bottle body (31), a bottle mouth (32) and a waterproof breathable membrane (33); The bottle mouth (32) is disposed on the bottle body (31), and the waterproof breathable membrane (33) is disposed inside the bottle mouth (32); the bottle mouth (32) is detachably connected to the first communication port (21).
3. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 2, wherein, The gas collecting bottle (30) includes a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is disposed in the bottle mouth (32) and between the first communication port (21) and the waterproof breathable membrane (33) to allow external gas to enter the cavity of the bottle body (31).
4. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 1, wherein, The smoke exhaust structure includes a plurality of the gas collecting bottles (30), a plurality of first communication ports (21) spaced apart are formed on the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20), and each of the gas collecting bottles (30) is respectively disposed on the corresponding first communication port (21); Each of the first communication ports (21) is disposed on a section of the smoke exhaust pipe (20) away from the gas collecting bin (10).
5. The smoke exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The smoke exhaust structure includes at least one liquid collecting tank (40); At least one second communication port (22) is formed on the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20), and the liquid collecting tank (40) is disposed on the second communication port (22).
6. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 5, wherein, In the vertical direction, the first communication port (21) is disposed on the top side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20); and / or, In the vertical direction, the second communication port (22) is disposed on the bottom side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20); and / or, In the extending direction of the smoke exhaust pipe (20), the first communication port (21) and the second communication port (22) are arranged in a staggered manner.
7. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 5, wherein The liquid collecting tank (40) is detachably connected to the second communication port (22); and / or, A sewage discharge valve (41) is disposed on the liquid collecting tank (40).
8. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The smoke exhaust structure includes a plurality of flow disturbing plates (50); At least part of the flow disturbing plates (50) are fixed on the inner side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20) and at the edge of the first communication port (21); and / or at least part of the flow disturbing plates (50) are fixed on the inner side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (20) and at the edge of the second communication port (22).
9. The smoke exhaust structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow disturbing plates (50) are inclined towards the end of the smoke exhaust pipe (20) away from the gas collecting bin (10).
10. A battery system, characterized in that, Including a battery and the smoke exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The battery includes a pressure relief part, and the pipe orifice at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe (20) away from the gas collecting bin (10) is connected to the pressure relief part.
11. An electrical device, characterized in that, Including the battery system according to claim 10.