Airborne phased array antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of airborne phased-array antennas, in particular to an airborne phased-array antenna, which comprises a mounting seat and a base, a base cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the base, a power supply is arranged at the middle end of the top of the base cover plate, and a power interface is arranged on the front surface of the base. The top of the base is provided with a radome and a box body located on the inner side of the radome. Through cooperation of the structures, the airborne phased-array antenna has the advantages of receiving X-waveband radio frequency signals input by a phased-array signal source and wave control signals of a phased-array system, and being capable of controlling antenna beam pointing. The problems that in the using process of an existing airborne phased array antenna, X-waveband radio frequency signals input by a phased array signal source and wave control signals of a phased array system cannot be received, antenna beam pointing cannot be controlled, and the development and use range of the antenna is limited are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of airborne phased array antennas, and particularly relates to an airborne phased array antenna. Background Art

[0002] An airborne phased array antenna is a special type of phased array antenna that is installed on an aircraft and uses the principle of phased array technology for signal transmission and reception. The phased array antenna changes the shape of the antenna pattern by controlling the feeding phases of each radiation unit in the array to achieve the purpose of beam scanning. The airborne phased array antenna utilizes this principle to be able to electronically change the direction of the beam without physically moving the antenna, thereby achieving accurate orientation, tracking, or scanning of targets. The applications of airborne phased array antennas are extensive, including but not limited to radars, communication systems, etc. They can provide stable signal transmission and reception capabilities on high-speed moving aircraft, which is crucial for modern military and civil aviation.

[0003] Currently, the existing airborne phased array antennas cannot receive the X-band radio frequency signals input by the phased array signal source and the wave control signals of the phased array system during use, and cannot control the pointing of the antenna beam, which limits their development and scope of use. For this reason, we propose an airborne phased array antenna. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an airborne phased array antenna, which has the advantages of being able to receive the X-band radio frequency signals input by the phased array signal source and the wave control signals of the phased array system, and being able to control the pointing of the antenna beam, and solves the problems that the existing airborne phased array antennas cannot receive the X-band radio frequency signals input by the phased array signal source and the wave control signals of the phased array system during use, and cannot control the pointing of the antenna beam, which limits their development and scope of use.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: an airborne phased array antenna, including a mounting base and a base, a base cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the base, a power supply is arranged at the middle end of the top of the base cover plate, a power interface is arranged on the front surface of the base, an antenna cover and a box body located inside the antenna cover are arranged on the top of the base, sixteen unit arrays are arranged around the box body, a switch matrix is arranged at the middle end of the inner bottom of the box body, TR components corresponding to the sixteen unit arrays are arranged around the inner bottom of the box body, and a box body cover plate is fixedly installed on the top of the box body.

[0006] Preferably, the TR component includes four four-in-one power dividers.

[0007] Preferably, positioning blocks are fixedly connected to both the left and right ends of the bottom of the base. Positioning holes are formed in the inner surfaces of the lower ends of the positioning blocks, and positioning jacks adapted to the positioning blocks are formed at both the left and right ends of the top of the mounting base.

[0008] Preferably, limiting slide bars are fixedly connected to the peripheries of the inner cavity of the mounting base. A movable block is slidably connected to the outer surfaces of the limiting slide bars. A positioning post adapted to the positioning hole is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side of the movable block close to the positioning block.

[0009] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the mounting base through a bearing. A rotating disc and a gear are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod in sequence from top to bottom.

[0010] Preferably, a first connecting pin is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side of the movable block away from the positioning block. Second connecting pins are fixedly connected to the peripheries of the bottom of the rotating disc. An activity connecting rod is movably connected between the second connecting pin and the first connecting pin.

[0011] Preferably, a through groove is formed in the right side of the mounting base. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the right end of the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting base. A movable rod is slidably connected to the inner surface of the fixing plate. A pressing block slidably arranged in the through groove is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod away from the fixing plate. A spring sleeved on the outer side of the movable rod is fixedly connected between the pressing block and the fixing plate. A rack meshing with the gear is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod close to the rotating rod.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. The present utility model can receive X-band radio frequency signals input by a phased array signal source, receive wave control signals of a phased array system, perform amplitude / phase control through a T / R component to control the antenna beam direction, radiate and receive X-band signals through an antenna radiation array, and output the received X-band signals to a phased array receiver, so that the airborne phased array antenna of the present machine has the ability to receive X-band radio frequency signals input by a phased array signal source and wave control signals of a phased array system, and can control the antenna beam direction.

[0014] 2. After the mounting base of the present utility model is fixed at the mounting position by bolts, press the pressing block to drive the movable rod and the toothed plate to move inside the mounting base. When the pressing block moves, the spring can be compressed with the cooperation of the fixed plate. When the toothed plate moves, it can drive the rotating rod and the rotating disk to rotate under the cooperation of the meshing gear. When the rotating disk rotates, it can drive the movable connecting rod to move through the second connecting pin. When the movable connecting rod moves, it can drive the movable block to approach the rotating rod along the outer surface of the limiting slide rod through the first connecting pin. Then, drive the base to move and make the positioning block insert into the positioning jack. Then, release the pressing block. At this time, the compressed spring can drive the pressing block, the movable rod and the toothed plate to reset with the cooperation of the fixed plate, and drive the rotating rod and the rotating disk to reset under the cooperation of the meshing gear. Then, with the assistance of the first connecting pin, the movable connecting rod and the second connecting pin, the movable block moves in the opposite direction along the outer surface of the limiting slide rod. Furthermore, the movable block can drive the positioning column to be inserted into the positioning hole, so as to limit the position of the base, realizing the rapid installation of the on-board phased array antenna of the present machine and facilitating the inspection and maintenance of the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 for the present utility model Figure 1 structural schematic diagram of another perspective;

[0017] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting base of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 for the present utility model Figure 4 structural schematic diagram of another perspective sectional view;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the antenna feeding system of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 is a block diagram of the composition of the four-channel T / R module of the present utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1, mounting base; 2, positioning jack; 3, movable block; 4, base cover plate; 5, positioning post; 6, power supply; 7, power interface; 8, base; 9, box body; 10, sixteen-unit array; 11, switch matrix; 12, TR component; 13, box body cover plate; 14, radome; 15, pressing block; 16, positioning block; 17, through groove; 18, first connecting pin; 19, positioning hole; 20, limiting slide bar; 21, spring; 22, movable rod; 23, fixing plate; 24, toothed plate; 25, rotating disk; 26, movable connecting rod; 27, second connecting pin; 28, rotating rod; 29, gear. Detailed implementation mode

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The mounting base 1, positioning jack 2, movable block 3, base cover plate 4, positioning column 5, power supply 6, power interface 7, base 8, box body 9, sixteen-element array 10, switch matrix 11, TR component 12, box body cover plate 13, radome 14, pressing block 15, positioning block 16, through groove 17, first connecting pin 18, positioning hole 19, limiting slide bar 20, spring 21, movable rod 22, fixing plate 23, toothed plate 24, rotating disk 25, movable connecting rod 26, second connecting pin 27, rotating rod 28 and gear 29 components of this application are all common standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can all be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or obtained through conventional experimental methods.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the present utility model provides a technical solution: an airborne phased array antenna, including a mounting base 1 and a base 8. A base cover plate 4 is provided at the bottom of the base 8. A power supply 6 is provided at the middle end of the top of the base cover plate 4. A power interface 7 is provided on the front surface of the base 8. A radome 14 and a box body 9 located inside the radome 14 are provided on the top of the base 8. Sixteen-element arrays 10 are provided on all four sides of the box body 9. A switch matrix 11 is provided at the middle end of the inner bottom of the box body 9. TR components 12 corresponding to the sixteen-element arrays 10 are provided around the inner bottom of the box body 9. The TR component 12 includes four four-in-one power dividers. A box body cover plate 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the box body 9.

[0029] Overall scheme design

[0030] Antenna array scheme

[0031] The antenna array is in a four-sided array form. Each array surface completes azimuth scanning of + / -45°, and the four-sided array jointly completes 360° azimuth scanning. The antenna unit adopts a microstrip patch form. Since the number of antenna units is small, in order to achieve a higher gain, high-gain microstrip patch units are selected. The axial gain of the antenna array surface reaches 17 dBi, and the maximum azimuth scanning angle gain is better than 14 dBi.

[0032] Antenna feed scheme

[0033] A mature off-the-shelf T / R component 12, plus an SP4T switch (array surface switching), a power divider / combiner, and a two-way amplifier (power adjustment) are used to form an antenna feed system. The main function of the antenna feed system is to switch the X-band microwave signal output by the phased array system transmitter to the corresponding array surface feed link through a microwave switch, and then distribute it to each T / R channel by a power divider, and feed it to the antenna element port through the amplitude / phase adjustment of the T / R component 12 to form the required beam.

[0034] According to the overall index requirements, considering the maturity, cost performance of the device, a multi-functional transceiver chip in the X-band with a linear output power of about 27 dBm (saturation power of 30 dBm) is adopted for a single channel. Each array plane arranges 4×4 channels, uses 4 sets of TR components, with a total of 16 channels. Since the system consists of 4 array planes, a total of 16 sets of TR components are adopted, with a total of 64 channels. The four sets of T / R on each array plane are synthesized by 1 four-way power divider, and the four array planes are switched by 1 SP4T switch, and a bidirectional amplifier is used to adjust the gain of the transceiver system, as Figure 6 shown

[0035] Wave control scheme

[0036] Antenna wave control is the center of antenna control, mainly completing the BIT self-check of wave control startup, the initialization of the array plane state, the serial communication with the main control computer, the calculation and control of the array plane wave control code, receiving the system timing signal to complete the switching of the array plane state, and the collection and feedback of the telemetry information of the antenna array plane.

[0037] The hardware platform of the wave control system is implemented based on FPGA, and both table lookup and calculation are available.

[0038] For the software and hardware interfaces between the antenna wave control and the control end, on the premise of meeting the system functions and performance, the interfaces between the wave control and the TR component 12 can be formulated by the antenna sub-system itself.

[0039] Wave control command

[0040] The command mainly transmits the current working mode, the two-dimensional beam angle information of the antenna, the antenna attitude information of the antenna carrier, etc. In addition, the command format also includes the frame header, frame tail, and checksum.

[0041] The wave control command is sent before the beam establishment pulse.

[0042] The data format is: the low byte is in the front, the high byte is in the back; the low bit is in the front, the high bit is in the back.

[0043] Wave control feedback command

[0044] The wave control feedback command feeds back the correctness of the wave control command received by the main control.

[0045] The data format is: the low byte is in the front, the high byte is in the back; the low bit is in the front, the high bit is in the back.

[0046] Wave control periodic telemetry parameters

[0047] The wave control periodically sends back telemetry parameters, including status parameters such as the temperature of the wave control and antenna systems.

[0048] The data format is: the low byte is in the front, the high byte is in the back; the low bit is in the front, the high bit is in the back.

[0049] Beam angle calculation

[0050] Calculate the beam angle based on the position and other information transmitted by the system. The calculation algorithm will be given after the data transmitted by the system is clear.

[0051] Device selection

[0052] The TR component 12 selects an off-the-shelf product of a certain company as the basic unit. This T / R group 12 consists of four identical T / R channels, a one-to-four power combiner, and a power control, a total of three parts. Its composition block diagram is as Figure 7 shown.

[0053] u power splitter circuit: Realize the mutual conversion of 1-way signal to 4-way.

[0054] u T / R channel 10: Complete the radio frequency transceiver function, and has the functions of phase adjustment and amplitude adjustment. Its principle block diagram is shown in the figure: The channel contains a transceiver multi-functional device and an amplitude-phase control multi-functional device.

[0055] Power splitter

[0056] Realized by using a traditional Wilkinson power splitter microstrip.

[0057] SP4T switch

[0058] Realized by cascading two split chips of an off-the-shelf GaAs MMIC chip.

[0059] Driver amplifier design

[0060] The driver amplifier selects an off-the-shelf GaAs MMIC chip, with an operating frequency band of 6 - 18 GHz, a saturated output power of 20 dBm, and a noise figure of 6 dB.

[0061] Power control: Provide modulation power for the four T / R channels and code for the attenuation state and phase shift state.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] Based on Embodiment 1, the present utility model is as Figures 1 - 5As shown, both the left and right ends of the bottom of the base 8 are fixedly connected with positioning blocks 16. The inner surface of the lower end of the positioning block 16 is provided with a positioning hole 19. Both the left and right ends of the top of the mounting seat 1 are provided with positioning jacks 2 adapted to the positioning blocks 16. The four circumferences of the inner cavity of the mounting seat 1 are fixedly connected with limiting sliding rods 20. The outer surface of the limiting sliding rod 20 is slidably connected with a movable block 3. The upper end of the side of the movable block 3 close to the positioning block 16 is fixedly connected with a positioning post 5 adapted to the positioning hole 19. The middle end of the inner cavity of the mounting seat 1 is movably connected with a rotating rod 28 through a bearing. The outer surface of the rotating rod 28 is fixedly connected with a rotating disk 25 and a gear 29 in sequence from top to bottom. The upper end of the side of the movable block 3 away from the positioning block 16 is fixedly connected with a first connecting pin 18. The four circumferences of the bottom of the rotating disk 25 are fixedly connected with second connecting pins 27. The second connecting pin 27 and the first connecting pin 18 are movably connected with a movable connecting rod 26. A through groove 17 is provided on the right side of the mounting seat 1. The right end of the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting seat 1 is fixedly connected with a fixing plate 23. The inner surface of the fixing plate 23 is slidably connected with a movable rod 22. The side of the movable rod 22 away from the fixing plate 23 is fixedly connected with a pressing block 15 slidable in the through groove 17. A spring 21 sleeved on the outer side of the movable rod 22 is fixedly connected between the pressing block 15 and the fixing plate 23. The side of the movable rod 22 close to the rotating rod 28 is fixedly connected with a toothed plate 24 meshing with the gear 29.

[0064] Technical solution: After fixing the mounting seat 1 at the installation position through bolts, press the pressing block 15 to drive the movable rod 22 and the toothed plate 24 to move in the mounting seat 1. When the pressing block 15 moves, the spring 21 can be compressed in cooperation with the fixing plate 23. When the toothed plate 24 moves, it can drive the rotating rod 28 and the rotating disk 25 to rotate under the cooperation of the meshing gear 29. When the rotating disk 25 rotates, it can drive the movable connecting rod 26 to move through the second connecting pin 27. When the movable connecting rod 26 moves, it can drive the movable block 3 to approach the rotating rod 28 on the outer surface of the limiting sliding rod 20 through the first connecting pin 18. Then, drive the base 8 to move and make the positioning block 16 insert into the positioning jack 2. Then, release the pressing block 15. At this time, the compressed spring 21 can drive the pressing block 15, the movable rod 22 and the toothed plate 24 to reset in cooperation with the fixing plate 23, and drive the rotating rod 28 and the rotating disk 25 to reset under the cooperation of the meshing gear 29. Then, with the assistance of the first connecting pin 18, the movable connecting rod 26 and the second connecting pin 27, the movable block 3 moves in the opposite direction on the outer surface of the limiting sliding rod 20. Furthermore, the movable block 3 can drive the positioning post 5 to be inserted into the positioning hole 19, so as to limit the position of the base 8, realizing the rapid installation of the on-board phased array antenna and facilitating the inspection and maintenance of the staff.

[0065] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in multiple different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who refer to this disclosure should easily understand that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application (e.g., changes in the dimensions, scales, structures, shapes and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the positions of the elements may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature, number or position of discrete elements may be altered or changed. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any clause of "means-plus-function" is intended to cover the structures that perform the recited function described herein, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0066] In addition, in order to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of the actual embodiments may not be described (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently contemplated best mode of carrying out the present utility model or those features that are not relevant to the implementation of the present utility model).

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, rather than to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present utility model may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An airborne phased array antenna, comprising a mounting base (1) and a base (8), characterized in that: A base cover plate (4) is provided at the bottom of the base (8). A power supply (6) is provided at the middle end of the top of the base cover plate (4). A power interface (7) is provided on the front surface of the base (8). An antenna cover (14) and a box body (9) located inside the antenna cover (14) are provided at the top of the base (8). Sixteen unit arrays (10) are provided around the box body (9). A switch matrix (11) is provided at the middle end of the inner bottom of the box body (9). TR components (12) corresponding to the sixteen unit arrays (10) are provided around the inner bottom of the box body (9). A box body cover plate (13) is fixedly installed at the top of the box body (9).

2. The airborne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The TR component (12) includes four four-in-one power dividers.

3. An airborne phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: Positioning blocks (16) are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the bottom of the base (8). Positioning holes (19) are formed in the inner surfaces of the lower ends of the positioning blocks (16). Positioning jacks (2) adapted to the positioning blocks (16) are formed in the left and right ends of the top of the mounting base (1).

4. The airborne phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: Limiting slide bars (20) are fixedly connected to the four sides of the inner cavity of the mounting base (1). A movable block (3) is slidably connected to the outer surfaces of the limiting slide bars (20). A positioning post (5) adapted to the positioning hole (19) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side of the movable block (3) close to the positioning block (16).

5. An airborne phased array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating rod (28) is movably connected to the middle end of the inner cavity of the mounting base (1) through a bearing. A rotating disk (25) and a gear (29) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod (28) in sequence from top to bottom.

6. The airborne phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first connecting pin (18) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side of the movable block (3) away from the positioning block (16). Second connecting pins (27) are fixedly connected to the four sides of the bottom of the rotating disk (25). A movable connecting rod (26) is movably connected between the second connecting pin (27) and the first connecting pin (18).

7. The airborne phased array antenna according to claim 6, wherein: A through groove (17) is formed on the right side of the mounting base (1). A fixing plate (23) is fixedly connected to the right end of the inner bottom of the mounting base (1). A movable rod (22) is slidably connected to the inner surface of the fixing plate (23). A pressing block (15) slidably disposed in the through groove (17) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod (22) away from the fixing plate (23). A spring (21) sleeved on the outer side of the movable rod (22) is fixedly connected between the pressing block (15) and the fixing plate (23). A toothed plate (24) engaged with the gear (29) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod (22) close to the rotating rod (28).

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