Ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight integrated with photovoltaic power supply
Through integrated photovoltaic power supply and sensor-controlled smoke exhaust sunroof, the problems of inconvenient operation of traditional smoke exhaust sunroofs and automatic response of high-rise buildings are solved, achieving automatic smoke exhaust and energy-saving and environmentally friendly effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422450869.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional smoke exhaust skylights are difficult to open, inconvenient to operate in high-rise buildings and large public places, have low utilization rates, and rely on external power control to increase operating costs and cannot automatically respond in fires and other environments.
Integrated photovoltaic power supply system, combined with smoke, temperature, rainfall and light sensors, automatically controls the telescopic rod to drive the window sash to open or close, and uses solar power supply to reduce dependence on external power supply.
It realizes automatic smoke exhaust in fire and other environments, reduces dependence on traditional energy, reduces operating costs, and improves indoor ventilation comfort and natural light utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN223164128U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of architecture, and particularly to a ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight system that can be intelligently opened. Background Technique
[0002] In recent years, increasing the application of renewable energy in buildings is a beneficial measure to optimize the energy consumption structure of urban and rural buildings and an important support for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the building field. According to the spirit of relevant policy documents and the requirements of standards and specifications, new requirements have been put forward for buildings to adopt solar photovoltaic systems in various places. At the same time, solar photovoltaic building integration that is beautiful and practical and can be integrated with buildings has gradually become a new hot spot in building energy conservation, and among them, the application prospect of solar integrated photovoltaic smoke exhaust skylights is broad.
[0003] In architectural design, for atria with a relatively large indoor net height, business halls, exhibition halls, multi-functional halls, etc. with a relatively large building area and a large number of evacuees, since the smoke exhaust windows are usually set at a relatively high position and the area is relatively large, it is extremely inconvenient to use manual switches. In addition, fire emergencies do not occur frequently, and the smoke exhaust windows are mostly closed, which is not conducive to natural ventilation in the building interior.
[0004] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the number of high-rise buildings and large public buildings is increasing day by day, and higher requirements are put forward for the ventilation and smoke exhaust performance of buildings. Traditional smoke exhaust skylights often have problems such as difficult opening, inconvenient operation, low utilization rate, etc., and mostly rely on external power sources for control, increasing the building operation cost. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a smoke exhaust skylight system that can automatically sense environmental changes, intelligently open and close, and has the ability of self-power supply. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] In view of the above defects existing in the prior art, a ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight with integrated photovoltaic power supply is provided, which uses solar photovoltaic power supply and automatically opens and closes under specific environments, improving the usage frequency of the ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight and enhancing the comfort of the interior.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is:
[0007] A ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight with integrated photovoltaic power supply, characterized by: a skylight assembly, a photovoltaic power generation module, a telescopic rod, and a sensor assembly;
[0008] The skylight assembly includes a skylight frame installed on an external cross beam, a window sash arranged in the skylight frame, and a rotating shaft. One side of the window sash is rotatably connected to one side of the skylight frame through the rotating shaft, and the size of the window sash matches the size of the skylight frame; both ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the skylight frame and the window sash;
[0009] The power generation module includes a storage battery disposed on the skylight frame or the external crossbeam, a photovoltaic power generation panel disposed on the window sash, and an existing control circuit board, and the three are electrically connected;
[0010] The sensor assembly includes a smoke sensor disposed inside the skylight frame, and the smoke sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected.
[0011] According to the above technical solution, the sensor assembly further includes internal and external temperature sensors and a rain sensor, and the internal and external temperature sensors and the rain sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected; the internal sensor is disposed on the skylight frame located indoors, and the external sensor and the rain sensor are disposed on the skylight frame located outdoors or the external crossbeam.
[0012] According to the above technical solution, the sensor assembly includes a light sensor, and the light sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected; the light sensor is disposed on the window sash located outdoors.
[0013] According to the above technical solution, a plurality of cavities are provided on the window sash, and the photovoltaic power generation panel adopts an existing cadmium telluride photovoltaic power generation module, and the cadmium telluride photovoltaic power generation module and the light sensor are integrally integrated into the cavity of the window sash made of glass material.
[0014] According to the above technical solution, the telescopic rod adopts an electric telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod, and both are existing structures.
[0015] According to the above technical solution, the skylight frame is fixed on the external crossbeam by screws, and an external tempered glass is further provided on the external crossbeam, and the external tempered glass is hermetically connected to the outer side wall of the skylight frame through an existing sealing structure; the smoke sensor is disposed on the telescopic rod, and the internal temperature sensor is disposed on the external crossbeam.
[0016] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. A photovoltaic power generation panel is provided on the window sash, and a storage battery is provided on the skylight frame. The photovoltaic power generation panel efficiently converts solar energy into electric energy and stores it in the storage battery to provide electric energy for the sensor and the telescopic rod. When smoke appears indoors and is detected by the smoke sensor, the smoke sensor transmits a signal to the existing control circuit board, and the existing control circuit board drives the telescopic rod to extend according to the existing program setting, so as to open the window sash.
[0018] The photovoltaic power generation panel is used to provide power support for the entire skylight system, reducing the dependence of the entire skylight system on traditional energy and reducing the building operation cost; using solar power supply, energy saving and environmental protection, and reducing the dependence on external power sources.
[0019] 2. The smoke sensor is of the first priority, the rain sensor is of the second priority, and the temperature sensor is of the third priority; when the detected indoor smoke concentration reaches the set concentration, the window sash of the skylight is immediately opened; when the smoke concentration is not detected to reach the set concentration but it is detected that it is raining, the window sash of the skylight is immediately closed; when it is not detected that the smoke concentration reaches the set concentration and it is not detected that it is raining, the window sash is opened or closed according to the temperature difference between inside and outside and whether it is daytime.
[0020] Intelligent control elements such as temperature sensors and rain sensors are added. When smoke exhaust is not required, the automatic opening and closing of the skylight can be realized to improve the indoor environmental quality.
[0021] 3. A light sensor is added. The skylight can automatically adjust the opening angle according to the change of the light angle, maximize the reception of solar energy and introduce natural light and fresh air, improve the light environment and air quality of the indoor space, and can adjust the light transmittance to adapt to different indoor lighting requirements.
[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present utility model. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present utility model more clearly and implement it according to the content of the description, the following takes the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and combines with the drawings to describe in detail as follows. The specific implementation manners of the present utility model are given in detail by the following embodiments and their drawings. Description of the Drawings
[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model, form a part of this application, and the schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model.
[0024] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the embodiment provided by the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment provided by the present utility model;
[0026] In the figure, 1. Skylight frame; 2. Window sash; 3. Rotating shaft; 4. External cross beam; 5. Storage battery; 6. Photovoltaic power generation panel; 7. Smoke sensor; 8. Inner temperature sensor; 9. Outer temperature sensor; 10. Rain sensor; 11. Light sensor; 12. External tempered glass; 13. Support; 14. Telescopic rod; 15. Existing sealing structure. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
[0027] The following combines with the attached Figures 1 - 2The principles and features of the present utility model are described, and the examples given are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. In the following paragraphs, the present utility model will be described more specifically by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. According to the following description and claims, the advantages and features of the present utility model will be clearer. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and are all drawn in non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model.
[0028] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there can also be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "disposed on" another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.
[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used herein in the description of the present utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.
[0030] Referring to Figures 1 - 2 as shown, the present utility model provides a ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight powered by integrated photovoltaics.
[0031] Embodiment 1
[0032] A skylight assembly, a photovoltaic power generation module, a telescopic rod 14, and a sensor assembly;
[0033] The skylight assembly includes a skylight frame 1 installed on an external cross beam 4, a window sash 2 disposed within the skylight frame, and a rotating shaft 3. One side of the window sash is rotatably connected to one side of the skylight frame through the rotating shaft, and the size of the window sash matches the size of the skylight frame; both ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the skylight frame and the window sash.
[0034] The power generation module includes a storage battery 5 disposed on the skylight frame or the external cross beam, a photovoltaic panel 6 disposed on the window sash, and an existing control circuit board, and all three are electrically connected;
[0035] The sensor assembly includes a smoke sensor 7 disposed inside the skylight frame, and the smoke sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected.
[0036] In this embodiment, a photovoltaic power generation panel is provided on the window sash, and a storage battery is provided in the skylight frame. The photovoltaic power generation panel efficiently converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the storage battery to provide electrical energy for the sensor and the telescopic rod. When smoke appears indoors and is detected by the smoke sensor, the smoke sensor transmits a signal to the existing control circuit board. According to the existing program settings, the existing control circuit board drives the telescopic rod to extend, thereby opening the window sash.
[0037] The photovoltaic power generation panel is used to provide power support for the entire skylight system, reducing the dependence of the entire skylight system on traditional energy sources and reducing the building operation cost; using solar power supply is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, reducing the dependence on external power sources.
[0038] Embodiment 2
[0039] The structure and principle of Embodiment 2 are similar to those of Embodiment 1. The differences are as follows: The sensor assembly further includes an internal temperature sensor 8, an external temperature sensor 9, and a rain sensor 10. The internal and external temperature sensors and the rain sensor are electrically connected to the telescopic rod and the storage battery; the internal sensor is provided on the skylight frame located indoors, and the external sensor and the rain sensor are provided on the skylight frame located outdoors or on the external cross beam.
[0040] In this embodiment, the smoke sensor is in the first priority level, the rain sensor is in the second priority level, and the temperature sensor is in the third priority level; when the indoor smoke concentration is detected to reach the set concentration, the window sash of the skylight is immediately opened; when it is not detected that the smoke concentration reaches the set concentration but it is detected that it is raining, the window sash of the skylight is immediately closed; when it is not detected that the smoke concentration reaches the set concentration and it is not detected that it is raining, the window sash is opened or closed according to the internal and external temperature difference and whether it is daytime.
[0041] Embodiment 3
[0042] The structure and principle of Embodiment 3 are similar to those of Embodiment 2. The differences are as follows: The sensor assembly includes a light sensor 11. The light sensor is electrically connected to the telescopic rod and the storage battery; the light sensor is provided on the window sash located outdoors.
[0043] In this embodiment, after the light sensor detects that the window sash is opened by the internal and external temperature sensors, it starts to operate; by detecting the angle of sunlight, the extension length of the telescopic rod is adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the angle of the window sash; the solar panel can freely rotate with the change of the light angle, so that the photovoltaic power generation panel located inside the window sash is in the maximum power generation state to maximize the reception of solar energy.
[0044] In Embodiments 1 - 3, a plurality of cavities are provided on the window sash. The photovoltaic power generation panel uses an existing cadmium telluride photovoltaic module. The cadmium telluride photovoltaic module and the light sensor are integrally integrated into the cavity of the glass window sash.
[0045] In this embodiment, a glass window sash integrated with a cadmium telluride photovoltaic power generation module and a light sensor is installed into a skylight frame. The storage battery is hidden in the keel on the indoor side of the skylight frame, making the whole more aesthetically pleasing. The above structural arrangement can efficiently convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide power support for the entire system.
[0046] Preferably, the telescopic rod adopts an electric telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod, both of which are existing structures. According to the signals of each sensor, the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod are controlled to realize the opening and closing of the window sash. Additionally, according to the signal of the light sensor, the extension length of the telescopic rod can be controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation panel located in the window sash is in the maximum power generation state to maximize the reception of solar energy. In the illustrated embodiment, one end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the skylight frame, and a support is fixedly provided at the bottom of the window sash, and the other end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the support.
[0047] In Embodiments 1-3, the skylight frame is fixed to the external cross beam by screws, and an external tempered glass 12 is also provided on the external cross beam. The external tempered glass is hermetically connected to the outer side wall of the skylight frame through an existing sealing structure 15; a smoke sensor is provided on the telescopic rod, and an internal temperature sensor is provided on the external cross beam.
[0048] In the illustrated embodiment, the storage battery is installed on the external cross beam, and the storage battery is connected to the photovoltaic power generation panel through a circuit.
[0049] Preferably, humidity sensors are also provided on the inner and outer sides of the skylight, and the opening and closing of the window sash are controlled according to the internal and external humidity.
[0050] The control process of the present utility model is as follows:
[0051] First priority: The smoke sensor detects the indoor smoke concentration. Once it reaches the set threshold, the skylight is immediately triggered to open to the maximum area to quickly discharge the smoke and hot air. According to the preset smoke concentration threshold, when the smoke concentration reaches this threshold, the skylight is immediately opened to the maximum area for smoke exhaust.
[0052] Second priority: When the rain sensor detects rain, the skylight is automatically closed to prevent rain from invading the room. When the smoke sensor detects that the indoor smoke concentration reaches the set threshold, even if the rain sensor detects rain, the skylight still needs to be opened to the maximum area to quickly discharge the smoke and hot air.
[0053] Third priority: Set the external temperature within a certain range, or when the temperature difference between inside and outside reaches a certain value under certain special circumstances, actively open the skylight. Or add internal and external humidity sensors, and control the opening and closing of the skylight according to the detection results of the internal and external temperature sensors and the internal and external humidity sensors by setting program rules. The function of opening or closing the skylight based on the third priority can be selected by the user to be turned on or off.
[0054] Fourth priority: In the case of the skylight opened based on the third priority, through the cooperation of a light sensor and a telescopic rod, the photovoltaic power generation panel inside the window sash is always in the optimal power generation state.
[0055] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention; any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification and described above; however, any minor changes, modifications, and equivalent changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications, and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. The integrated photovoltaic-powered ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight is characterized in that: Skylight assembly, photovoltaic power generation module, telescopic rod, and sensor assembly; The skylight assembly includes a skylight frame installed on an external crossbeam, a window sash disposed within the skylight frame, and a rotating shaft. One side of the window sash is rotatably connected to one side of the skylight frame through the rotating shaft, and the size of the window sash matches the size of the skylight frame; both ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the skylight frame and the window sash. The power generation module includes a storage battery disposed on the skylight frame or the external crossbeam, a photovoltaic panel disposed on the window sash, and an existing control circuit board, and all three are electrically connected. The sensor assembly includes a smoke sensor disposed inside the skylight frame, and the smoke sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected.
2. The integrated photovoltaic-powered ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight according to claim 1, wherein: The sensor assembly further includes internal and external temperature sensors and a rain sensor, and the internal and external temperature sensors and the rain sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected; the internal sensor is disposed on the skylight frame located indoors, and the external sensor and the rain sensor are disposed on the skylight frame located outdoors or the external crossbeam.
3. The integrated photovoltaic-powered ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor assembly includes a light sensor, and the light sensor, the telescopic rod, and the storage battery are electrically connected; the light sensor is disposed on the window sash located outdoors.
4. The integrated photovoltaic-powered ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A plurality of cavities are provided on the window sash, and the photovoltaic panel adopts an existing cadmium telluride photovoltaic module. The cadmium telluride photovoltaic module and the light sensor are integrally integrated into the cavities of the window sash made of glass material.
5. The integrated photovoltaic-powered ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The telescopic rod adopts an electric telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod, both of which are existing structures.
6. The integrated photovoltaic-powered ventilation and smoke exhaust skylight according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The skylight frame is fixed to the external crossbeam by screws, and an external toughened glass is further provided on the external crossbeam. The external toughened glass is hermetically connected to the outer sidewall of the skylight frame through an existing sealing structure; the smoke sensor is disposed on the telescopic rod, and the internal temperature sensor is disposed on the external crossbeam.