Walnut classification air suction shelling device

Abstract

The utility model provides a walnut classification air suction shelling device. The walnut classification air suction shelling device comprises a classification frame; a guide frame; a crushing assembly; a vibration separation device; and an air suction device. According to the walnut shelling device, efficient classification of walnuts of different sizes is achieved through a splayed classification groove which is formed by a plurality of guide plates which are longitudinally and obliquely distributed and is narrow in upper portion and wide in lower portion, the problem of shelling caused by mixing of the walnuts of different sizes is solved, and the walnuts of different sizes are guided into corresponding guide groove bodies through partition plates; through the design of a guide cover and a crushing groove in the crushing assembly, walnuts are neatly arranged after entering the crushing groove, the efficient and lossless shelling process is achieved through an extrusion crushing mechanism, a vibration separation device achieves efficient separation of walnut shells and kernels through an obliquely-arranged vibration separation groove and a plurality of isolation plates, the separation efficiency and effect are improved, and the practicability is high. The air suction device is arranged above the vibration separation groove, light walnut shells are sucked away through suction force generated by the draught fan, and it is ensured that the shells and kernels are completely separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of walnut processing, in particular to a walnut classification air-suction shelling device. Background Art

[0002] As a nut food with high nutritional value and large market demand, walnut shelling is a crucial step in the processing process. The efficiency and effect of shelling directly affect the quality and output of the final product. However, traditional walnut shelling methods mainly rely on manual knocking or simple mechanical knocking, which are not only inefficient but also prone to damaging the walnut kernels, resulting in a reduced finished product rate.

[0003] In addition, existing shelling equipment usually lacks a classification device for walnuts of different sizes, resulting in walnuts of different sizes being mixed together during the shelling process, and it is impossible to accurately adjust the shelling force according to walnuts of different sizes, thus affecting the shelling effect and efficiency. Therefore, a walnut classification air-suction shelling device is proposed to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a walnut classification air-suction shelling device to solve the problems that the traditional manual knocking has low efficiency and is prone to damaging the walnut kernels, resulting in a reduced finished product rate, and at the same time, existing shelling equipment usually lacks a classification device for walnuts of different sizes, resulting in walnuts of different sizes being mixed together during the shelling process, and it is impossible to accurately adjust the shelling force according to walnuts of different sizes, thus affecting the shelling effect and efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a walnut classification air-suction shelling device, comprising:

[0006] A classification rack, which includes a plurality of longitudinally inclined guide plates, and an inverted trapezoidal classification groove with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is formed between the guide plates;

[0007] A guiding rack, which includes a guiding groove horizontally and obliquely arranged below the guide plates, and its low end is open, and a plurality of partition plates are equidistantly arranged in the guiding groove, separating a plurality of trough bodies in the guiding groove;

[0008] A crushing assembly, which includes a guiding cover arranged at the opening of the trough body of the guiding groove, the other end of the guiding cover is provided with a vertically arranged crushing groove, an extrusion crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing groove, and sealing assemblies are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends;

[0009] A vibration separation device, which is erected on the ground, and a vibration separation groove is obliquely arranged thereon, and a plurality of isolation plates are arranged in the vibration separation groove, separating a plurality of separation grooves in the vibration separation groove, and the separation grooves are respectively located below the corresponding crushing grooves;

[0010] The wind suction device is arranged on the ground, and the suction end is arranged above the vibration separation tank.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, a feed hopper is provided at the feed end above the guide plate. When the number of the figure-eight classification slots is greater than 1, a guide cone head is provided at the upper end of the middle guide plate, and the guide cone head is located above the feed hopper.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, first support frames are provided at the bottoms of the front and rear ends of the guide plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the guide groove is erected on the ground through a second support frame provided at the bottom, and extension plates for supporting the first support frame are provided on both sides of the guide groove.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the guide groove is located at the narrowest end of the trough body opening of the figure eight classification trough, and no crushing component is set, so as to separate walnuts that do not meet the size requirements.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushing trough is such that a single layer of walnuts can be arranged in a row from bottom to top between the extrusion and crushing mechanism and its inner wall.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion crushing mechanism includes a crushing plate movably arranged in the crushing trough, and a plurality of crushing hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the back of the crushing trough, and the telescopic ends of the crushing hydraulic cylinders pass through the back of the crushing trough and are connected to the crushing plate;

[0017] The bottom plate of the guide cover is provided with an overhanging section extending into the trough body of the crushing trough, and the front end of the overhanging section is flush with the front end surface of the crushing plate in the retracted state.

[0018] In the preferred embodiment, the upper closing assembly includes a telescopic opening provided at the connection between the crushing trough and the guide cover, in which a top closing plate with an inverted L-shaped cross section is movably inserted. The top closing plate is located above the crushing plate, and a push hydraulic cylinder with an output end connected to the top closing plate is provided at the bottom of the guide cover.

[0019] The closing assembly located below includes a bottom closing plate hinged on one side to the side wall of the bottom end of the crushing trough. A connecting extension plate is provided on the hinged side of the bottom closing plate. An opening and closing hydraulic cylinder hinged at both ends is provided between the connecting extension plate and the side wall of the crushing trough.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the vibration separation device further comprises a third support frame, the vibration separation trough is movably suspended on the third support frame, and a vibration motor is provided below the third support frame.

[0021] In the preferred embodiment, the wind suction device is arranged on the wind suction hood above the third support frame, and the wind suction hood covers the top of the vibration separation tank. The wind suction port of the wind suction hood is connected to the shell inlet of the collection box through the wind suction pipe, and the air outlet of the collection box is connected to the suction end of the fan through the air duct.

[0022] The utility model provides a walnut classification air-suction shelling device. Through the upper-narrow and lower-wide inverted V-shaped classification groove formed by a plurality of longitudinally inclined guide plates, efficient classification of walnuts of different sizes is achieved, the classification efficiency is improved, and the shelling problem caused by the mixing of walnuts of different sizes is avoided. Different-sized walnuts are guided into the corresponding guide groove bodies through partition plates to ensure that the size of each batch of walnuts is consistent. Through the design of the guide cover and crushing groove in the crushing assembly, the walnuts are neatly arranged after entering the crushing groove, and an efficient and non-destructive shelling process is realized through the extrusion and crushing mechanism. The vibration separation device realizes the efficient separation and advancement of walnut shells and kernels through the inclined vibration separation groove and a plurality of isolation plates, improving the separation efficiency and effect. The air-suction device is arranged above the vibration separation groove, and the lighter walnut shells are sucked away by the suction force generated by the fan to ensure complete separation of the shells and kernels. Through the reasonable structural layout and the coordinated work of each component of the whole device, the whole process from classification to shelling is realized with automatic operation, greatly reducing the need for manual intervention, reducing labor costs, and improving the yield rate and product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The following further explains the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0024] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the classification rack of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 is the top view structure diagram of the classification rack of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the guide rack of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 is the half-sectional structure diagram of the crushing assembly of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 is the connection structure diagram of the vibration separation device and the air-suction device of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 is the present utility model Figure 6 structure diagram from another perspective;

[0031] In the figure: classification rack 1; guiding plate 101; inverted V-shaped classification groove 102; feeding hopper 103; guiding cone head 104; first support frame 105; guiding rack 2; guiding groove 201; partition plate 202; extension plate 203; second support frame 204; crushing assembly 3; guiding cover 301; crushing groove 302; top closing plate 303; pushing hydraulic cylinder 304; bottom closing plate 305; connecting extension plate 306; opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 307; crushing plate 308; crushing hydraulic cylinder 309; vibration separation device 4; third support frame 401; vibration separation groove 402; isolation plate 403; vibration motor 404; air suction device 5; air suction hood 501; air suction pipe 502; collection box 503; fan 504. Detailed implementation manner

[0032] As Figures 1-7 shown, a walnut classification and air suction shelling device includes: a classification rack 1 for classifying the sizes of walnuts, a guiding rack 2 for guiding the classification of walnuts of different sizes, a crushing assembly 3 for crushing walnuts of different sizes respectively, a vibration separation device 4 for separating the shells and kernels of walnuts of different sizes respectively, and an air suction device 5 for sucking the shells.

[0033] Among them, the classification rack 1 includes a plurality of guiding plates 101 distributed longitudinally and obliquely. An inverted V-shaped classification groove 102 with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is formed between the guiding plates 101. The number of guiding plates 101 is determined according to the number of inverted V-shaped classification grooves 102. One inverted V-shaped classification groove 102 is formed by two guiding plates 101 symmetrically arranged obliquely. When the number of inverted V-shaped classification grooves 102 is two or more, the guiding plate 101 in the middle is of a structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. In this embodiment, the number of inverted V-shaped classification grooves 102 is three, so as to improve the classification efficiency. Through the rolling of walnuts on the inverted V-shaped classification groove 102, walnuts of different sizes can fall from the corresponding gaps, thus achieving the classification effect.

[0034] The guiding rack 2 includes a guiding groove 201 horizontally and obliquely arranged below the guiding plate 101, and its lower end is open, and the upper end is located below the classification rack 1. A plurality of partition plates 202 are equidistantly arranged in the guiding groove 201, separating a plurality of grooves in the guiding groove 201. The number of partition plates 202 can be adjusted according to the sizes to be classified. In this embodiment, the number of partition plates 202 is two, separating three grooves in the guiding groove 201 for receiving walnuts of three sizes from small to large.

[0035] The crushing assembly 3 includes a guiding cover 301 fixedly arranged at the opening of the groove body of the guiding groove 201. The other end of the guiding cover 301 is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged crushing groove 302. The top end of the crushing groove 302 is flush with the guiding cover 301 to prevent the walnuts from falling. Meanwhile, an opening communicating with the guiding cover 301 is arranged on the back surface, facilitating the walnuts to roll into the crushing groove 302 under the guiding action of the guiding cover 301 and arranging them in rows from bottom to top in the crushing groove 302. An extrusion and crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing groove 302, and closing assemblies are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends. The crushing groove 302 can be closed by simultaneously closing the two closing assemblies, so as to crush the walnuts by using the extrusion and crushing mechanism. The two closing assemblies alternately open and close to complete the discharging and feeding of the walnuts, thereby continuously crushing the walnuts.

[0036] The vibration separation device 4 is erected on the ground, and a vibration separation groove 402 is inclinedly arranged thereon. A plurality of partition plates 403 are arranged in the vibration separation groove 402 to partition a plurality of separation grooves in the vibration separation groove 402. The separation grooves are respectively located below the corresponding crushing grooves 302. The walnuts crushed by the crushing assembly 3 fall into the corresponding separation grooves on the vibration separation groove 402, and the shell and meat are separated by the vibration of the vibration separation groove 402. Meanwhile, due to the inclined arrangement, it can continuously move forward while separating.

[0037] The air suction device 5 is arranged on the ground, and the suction end is arranged above the vibration separation groove 402, so as to suck the lighter shells through the air suction device 5, thereby achieving the effect of shelling.

[0038] In a preferred solution, a feeding hopper 103 is fixedly arranged at the feeding end above the guiding plate 101, facilitating the shells to enter the eight-shaped classification groove 102 through the feeding hopper 103.

[0039] In addition, when the number of the eight-shaped classification grooves 102 is greater than 1, a guiding cone head 104 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the middle guiding plate 101. The guiding cone head 104 is located above the feeding hopper 103, facilitating the guiding of the walnuts through the guiding cone head 104 and avoiding unnecessary stagnation at the upper end of the guiding plate 101.

[0040] In a preferred solution, first support frames 105 are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the front and rear ends of the guiding plate 101. The first support frames 105 specifically include cross beams connecting all the guiding plates 101 and vertical rods fixedly arranged at both ends of the bottom of the cross beam, playing a supporting role.

[0041] In a preferred solution, the guiding groove 201 is erected on the ground through a second support frame 204 fixedly arranged at the bottom, and extension plates 203 for supporting the first support frames 105 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the guiding groove 201. The first support frames 105 are fixedly arranged on the corresponding extension plates 203.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, no crushing component 3 is provided at the opening of the guiding groove 201 at the narrowest end of the eight-shaped sorting groove 102 for separating walnuts with unqualified sizes, so that walnuts with unqualified sizes can be eliminated.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushing groove 302 is such that a single layer of walnuts are arranged in a row from bottom to top between the extrusion crushing mechanism and its inner wall, thereby facilitating the improvement of the crushing accuracy. In this embodiment, since the walnuts enter the crushing groove 302 by rolling, the walnuts can enter the crushing groove 302 in a horizontal posture during the rolling process, which is convenient for applying pressure to crush them.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion crushing mechanism includes a crushing plate 308 movably arranged in the crushing groove 302. A plurality of crushing hydraulic cylinders 309 are arranged on the back surface of the crushing groove 302. In this embodiment, the number of the crushing hydraulic cylinders 309 is two. The telescopic ends of the crushing hydraulic cylinders 309 pass through the back surface of the crushing groove 302 and are connected to the crushing plate 308. Then, by the push of the crushing hydraulic cylinders 309, the crushing plate 308 crushes the walnuts. In this embodiment, for walnuts of different sizes, the stroke of the crushing hydraulic cylinders 309 of the corresponding extrusion crushing mechanism can be adjusted, thereby improving the crushing accuracy.

[0045] The bottom plate of the guiding cover 301 is provided with an extending section extending into the crushing groove 302. The front end of the extending section is flush with the front end surface of the crushing plate 308 in a contracted state, which can prevent the crushing plate 308 in a contracted state from affecting the entry of walnuts into the crushing groove 302.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the upper closing component includes a telescopic opening provided at the connection between the crushing groove 302 and the guiding cover 301. A top closing plate 303 with a side-inverted "L" cross-section is movably inserted into the telescopic opening. The horizontal plate of the "L" is movably inserted into the telescopic opening for closing the crushing groove 302, and the vertical plate is for facilitating the control of its expansion and contraction on the outer surface of the crushing groove 302. The top closing plate 303 is located above the crushing plate 308. A top push hydraulic cylinder 304 with an output end connected to the top closing plate 303 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the guiding cover 301. The opening and closing of the top closing plate 303 can be controlled by the telescopic movement of the top push hydraulic cylinder 304.

[0047] The lower closing component includes a bottom closing plate 305 hinged to the side wall at the bottom end of the crushing groove 302 on one side. A connection extension plate 306 is fixedly provided on the hinged side of the bottom closing plate 305. An opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 307 with both ends hinged is arranged between the connection extension plate 306 and the side wall of the crushing groove 302. Then, the opening and closing of the bottom closing plate 305 can be controlled by the telescopic movement of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 307.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the vibration separation device 4 further includes a third support frame 401. The vibration separation tank 402 is movably suspended on the third support frame 401, and a vibration motor 404 is arranged below it. The vibration separation device 4 can be a commonly used technical means in the art, so its specific structure will not be described in detail here. The specific structure can refer to the commonly used vibrating screens on the market.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the air suction device 5 is provided with an air suction hood 501 above the third support frame 401. The air suction hood 501 covers directly above the vibration separation tank 402. The air suction port of the air suction hood 501 is connected to the inlet of the collection box 503 through an air suction pipe 502. The outlet of the collection box 503 is connected to the suction end of a fan 504 through an air duct. Thus, the walnut shells can be sucked into the collection box 503 by the suction force generated by the fan 504 to complete the shelling work.

[0050] It should be noted that a filter screen is provided at the outlet of the collection box 503 to prevent walnut shells from entering the fan. In addition, a cleaning door for cleaning walnut shells is provided on the collection box 503. This can be a commonly used technical means in the art, so its specific structure will not be described in detail here. The specific structure can refer to the commonly used air suction devices on the market.

[0051] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be based on the technical solutions recited in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recited in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Walnut classification air-suction shelling device, characterized in that, Including: A classification rack (1), which includes a plurality of guide plates (101) distributed longitudinally and obliquely, and an inverted V-shaped classification groove (102) with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is formed between the guide plates (101); A guiding rack (2), which includes a guiding groove (201) horizontally and obliquely arranged under the guide plate (101), and its lower end is open. A plurality of partition plates (202) are equidistantly arranged in the guiding groove (201), and a plurality of groove bodies are separated in the guiding groove (201); A crushing assembly (3), which includes a guiding cover (301) arranged at the opening of the groove body of the guiding groove (201), the other end of the guiding cover (301) is provided with a vertically arranged crushing groove (302), an extrusion crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing groove (302), and sealing assemblies are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends; A vibration separation device (4) is erected on the ground, and a vibration separation groove (402) is obliquely arranged thereon. A plurality of isolation plates (403) are arranged in the vibration separation groove (402), and a plurality of separation grooves are separated in the vibration separation groove (402), and the separation grooves are respectively located under the corresponding crushing grooves (302); An air suction device (5) is arranged on the ground, and its suction end is arranged above the vibration separation groove (402).

2. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed hopper (103) is arranged at the feed end above the guide plate (101). When the number of the inverted V-shaped classification grooves (102) is greater than 1, a guiding cone head (104) is arranged at the upper end of the middle guide plate (101), and the guiding cone head (104) is located above the feed hopper (103).

3. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: First support frames (105) are arranged at the bottoms of the front and rear ends of the guide plate (101).

4. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guiding groove (201) is erected on the ground through a second support frame (204) arranged at the bottom, and extension plates (203) for supporting the first support frames (105) are arranged on both sides of the guiding groove (201).

5. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: No crushing assembly (3) is arranged at the opening of the groove body of the guiding groove (201) at the narrowest end of the inverted V-shaped classification groove (102) for separating walnuts with unqualified sizes.

6. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the crushing groove (302) meets the requirement that single-layer walnuts are arranged in a row from bottom to top between the extrusion crushing mechanism and its inner wall.

7. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The extrusion crushing mechanism includes a crushing plate (308) movably arranged in the crushing groove (302). A plurality of crushing hydraulic cylinders (309) are arranged on the back of the crushing groove (302), and the telescopic ends of the crushing hydraulic cylinders (309) pass through the back of the crushing groove (302) and are connected to the crushing plate (308); The bottom plate of the guiding cover (3):01) is provided with an extended section extending into the groove body of the crushing groove (302), and the front end of the extended section is flush with the front end face of the crushing plate (308) in a contracted state.

8. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper sealing assembly includes a telescopic opening arranged at the connection between the crushing groove (302) and the guiding cover (301). A top sealing plate (303) with a side-inverted "L" cross-section is movably inserted in the telescopic opening. The top sealing plate (303) is located above the crushing plate (308), and a top push hydraulic cylinder (304) with an output end connected to the top sealing plate (303) is arranged at the bottom of the guiding cover (301); The lower closed component includes a bottom closing plate (305) with one side hinged to the bottom side wall of the crushing tank (302). A connecting extension plate (306) is provided on the hinged side of the bottom closing plate (305), and an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder (307) with both ends hinged is provided between the connecting extension plate (306) and the side wall of the crushing tank (302).

9. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1, wherein: The vibration separation device (4) further includes a third support frame (401). The vibration separation tank (402) is movably hoisted on the third support frame (401), and a vibration motor (404) is provided below it.

10. The walnut classification air-suction shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air suction device (5) is provided with an air suction hood (501) above the third support frame (401). The air suction hood (501) covers directly above the vibration separation tank (402). The air suction port of the air suction hood (501) is communicated with the inlet of the collection box (503) through an air suction pipe (502), and the air outlet of the collection box (503) is connected to the suction end of a fan (504) through an air duct.

Images