Early warning device for tunnel primary support undercut

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of tunnel primary support technology, and provides a tunnel primary support undercut early warning device which comprises a support, an infrared distance meter, a first warning device and a control terminal. The support is in an arch shape, and the radian of the support is the same as the designed excavation radian of a tunnel. The number of the infrared distance measuring instruments is multiple, the multiple infrared distance measuring instruments are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the support, and the multiple infrared distance measuring instruments are electrically connected to the control terminal. The first warning device is electrically connected to the control terminal, and the control terminal controls starting and stopping of the first warning device according to data collected by the infrared range finder. The method has the effect of reducing the possibility of undercut of the primary support of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel primary support technology, and particularly to an early warning device for under-excavation of tunnel primary support. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel primary support refers to a series of temporary or permanent support measures taken after tunnel excavation to support the surrounding rock and soil layers of the tunnel, prevent their deformation and collapse, ensure construction safety, and provide a working space.

[0003] Tunnel primary support under-excavation means that during tunnel excavation, the size of the tunnel cross-section is smaller than the design requirements, that is, after the tunnel body is excavated, the perimeter of the tunnel body cross-section is smaller than the design size. This phenomenon may lead to the collapse of the cofferdam or the deterioration of the stress conditions of the support and lining, thereby affecting the structural stability of the tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to reduce the possibility of under-excavation of tunnel primary support, this application provides an early warning device for under-excavation of tunnel primary support.

[0005] The early warning device for under-excavation of tunnel primary support provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An early warning device for under-excavation of tunnel primary support includes a bracket, an infrared rangefinder, a first warning device, and a control terminal; the bracket is arched, and the curvature of the bracket is the same as the designed excavation curvature of the tunnel; a plurality of infrared rangefinders are provided, and the plurality of infrared rangefinders are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the bracket, and the plurality of infrared rangefinders are all electrically connected to the control terminal; the first warning device is electrically connected to the control terminal, and the control terminal controls the start and stop of the first warning device according to the data collected by the infrared rangefinder.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, when excavating a tunnel, a bracket with an infrared rangefinder is installed in the tunnel, and the distance between the bracket and the heading face is the warning distance. Then, the infrared rangefinder is turned on through the control terminal. In the case of under-excavation, when the infrared rays of some or all of the infrared rangefinders do not reach the warning distance, the side wall of the tunnel will reflect the infrared rays, and at this time, the first warning device does not start; when the tunnel is excavated to the designed size, the infrared rays emitted by all the infrared rangefinders can reach the heading face. At this time, the control terminal controls the buzzer to start and emit an alarm after receiving the signals from all the infrared rangefinders, so as to reduce the possibility of tunnel under-excavation. When advancing the heading face, the bracket is synchronously moved in the direction close to the heading face so that the distance between the bracket and the heading face is always the warning distance.

[0008] Optionally, the first warning device is a buzzer.

[0009] Optionally, the control terminal is a remote control device.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for the staff to operate.

[0011] Optionally, the first warning device is connected to the remote control device.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for the staff to receive signals in time when the first warning device is activated.

[0013] Optionally, the bracket is a flexible rod.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the bracket can be shaped into any arc to be suitable for tunnels with different arcs, improving the flexibility of use of the warning device.

[0015] Optionally, it further includes a supporting main rod which is vertically arranged. One end of the supporting main rod abuts against the bracket, and the other end abuts against the bottom surface of the tunnel.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting main rod forms a support for the bracket at the middle position of the bracket to improve the installation stability of the bracket.

[0017] Optionally, a plurality of supporting struts are connected to the upper end of the supporting main rod. The plurality of supporting struts are arranged obliquely at different angles of inclination, and one ends of the plurality of supporting struts away from the supporting main rod all abut against the bracket.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting effect on the bracket is improved.

[0019] Optionally, both the supporting main rod and the supporting struts are telescopic rods.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to adjust the lengths of the supporting main rod and the supporting struts according to the sizes of different tunnels to be suitable for brackets with different arcs.

[0021] Optionally, support frames are arranged at both ends of the bracket. A plurality of universal wheels and a plurality of locking pieces for limiting the universal wheels are arranged on the bottom surface of the support frame.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, while ensuring the installation stability of the bracket, it is convenient for the movement of the bracket.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. By arranging a plurality of infrared rangefinders on the bracket, it is determined whether the tunnel is in an under-excavated state by ranging, reducing the possibility of under-excavation of the tunnel;

[0025] 2. By setting the bracket as a flexible rod, the shape of the bracket can be changed, so that the bracket can be applied to tunnels of different sizes, improving the flexibility of use of the warning device;

[0026] 3. By setting the support main rod and the support branch rod, the bracket set as a flexible rod is supported to increase the installation stability of the bracket. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for showing the installation position of the first warning member in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control terminal in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present application.

[0031] Description of the reference numerals: 1, bracket; 11, support frame; 12, universal wheel; 13, locking member; 2, infrared distance meter; 3, first warning device; 4, control terminal; 5, second warning device; 6, support main rod; 61, support branch rod. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0032] The following will further describe the present application in detail Figures 1-4 with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application discloses a warning device for the under-excavation of the primary support of a tunnel.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a warning device for the under-excavation of the primary support of a tunnel includes a bracket 1, an infrared distance meter 2, a first warning device 3 and a control terminal 4.

[0036] The bracket 1 is an arched structure, and the radian of the bracket 1 is the same as the designed excavation radian of the tunnel. Both ends of the bracket 1 are detachably connected with a support frame 11, and a plurality of universal wheels 12 and a plurality of locking members 13 for locking the universal wheels 12 are arranged on the bottom surface of the support frame 11, so as to facilitate the movement of the bracket 1 while ensuring the installation stability of the bracket 1.

[0037] A plurality of infrared distance meters 2 are provided, and the plurality of infrared distance meters 2 are all detachably installed on the bracket 1 by screws, and the plurality of infrared distance meters 2 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the bracket 1.

[0038] The infrared distance measuring instrument 2 is electrically connected to the control terminal 4. In this embodiment, the control terminal 4 is a remote control device that controls the opening and closing of the infrared distance measuring instrument 2 through a wireless signal. After the infrared distance measuring instrument 2 is turned on, the measured signal is sent to the control terminal 4, and the control terminal 4 processes and judges the received signal.

[0039] The first warning device 3 is electrically connected to the control terminal 4, and the control terminal 4 controls the opening and closing of the first warning device 3 according to the signal received from the infrared distance measuring instrument 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first warning device 3 is a buzzer, and the first warning device 3 is arranged on the control terminal 4. In the setting where the control terminal 4 is a remote control device, the buzzer is arranged on the control terminal 4 so that the staff can receive the signal emitted by the first warning device 3 more quickly.

[0041] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 is as follows: When excavating a tunnel, a bracket 1 equipped with an infrared distance measuring instrument 2 is installed in the tunnel. The distance between the bracket 1 and the heading face is the warning distance. Then, the infrared distance measuring instrument 2 is turned on through the control terminal 4. In the case of under-excavation, when the infrared rays of some or all of the infrared distance measuring instruments 2 on the side wall of the tunnel do not reach the warning distance, the infrared rays are reflected, and at this time, the first warning device 3 does not start. When the tunnel is excavated to the designed size, all the infrared rays emitted by the infrared distance measuring instruments 2 can be emitted to the heading face. At this time, after the control terminal 4 receives the signals from all the infrared distance measuring instruments 2, it controls the buzzer to start and emit an alarm to reduce the possibility of under-excavation of the tunnel.

[0042] When advancing the heading face, the bracket 1 is synchronously moved in the direction close to the heading face so that the distance between the bracket 1 and the heading face is always the warning distance.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] Refer to Figure 3 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a tunnel primary support under-excavation warning device further includes a plurality of second warning devices 5. The plurality of second warning devices 5 are all arranged on the control terminal 4, and the plurality of second warning devices 5 are all electrically connected to the control terminal 4. The control terminal 4 controls the opening and closing of the second warning devices 5 according to the signals received from the infrared distance measuring instrument 2.

[0045] In this embodiment, the plurality of second warning devices 5 are indicator lights, and the plurality of second warning devices 5 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of infrared distance measuring instruments 2. The plurality of infrared distance measuring instruments 2 and the plurality of second warning devices 5 are all numbered, and the number of the infrared distance measuring instrument 2 is the same as the number of the corresponding second warning device 5. When the infrared rays of a certain infrared distance measuring instrument 2 can reach the heading face, the first warning device 3 sounds, and the corresponding second warning device 5 starts, so as to facilitate the staff to determine which positions have been excavated to the designed size and which positions are still in the state of under-excavation.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] Referring to Figure 4 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that an early warning device for under-excavation of the initial support of a tunnel further includes a supporting main rod 6. One end of the supporting main rod 6 abuts against the middle position of the bracket 1, and the other end is used to abut against the bottom surface of the tunnel. Thus, the supporting main rod 6 forms a support for the bracket 1 at the middle position of the bracket 1 to improve the installation stability of the bracket 1.

[0048] It can be understood that a support frame 11 is also provided at the end of the supporting main rod 6 away from the bracket 1, and a plurality of universal wheels 12 and a locking member 13 for locking the universal wheels 12 are provided on the bottom surface of the support frame 11.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the bracket 1 is a flexible rod, so that the bracket 1 can be shaped into any arc to be applicable to tunnels with different arcs and improve the use flexibility of the early warning device.

[0050] Thus, it can be understood that in this embodiment, the supporting main rod 6 is a telescopic rod to facilitate the support of the bracket 1 when the bracket 1 is in different arcs.

[0051] Furthermore, a plurality of supporting struts 61 are connected to the upper end of the supporting main rod 6. The plurality of supporting struts 61 are inclined at different angles, and the ends of the plurality of supporting struts 61 away from the supporting main rod 6 abut against the bracket 1 to further improve the supporting effect on the bracket 1.

[0052] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the plurality of supporting struts 61 are all telescopic rods.

[0053] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An early warning device for under-excavation of initial support in tunnels, characterized in that: It includes a bracket (1), an infrared rangefinder (2), a first warning device (3) and a control terminal (4); the bracket (1) is arched, and the radian of the bracket (1) is the same as the designed excavation radian of the tunnel; a plurality of infrared rangefinders (2) are provided, and the plurality of infrared rangefinders (2) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the bracket (1), and the plurality of infrared rangefinders (2) are all electrically connected to the control terminal (4); the first warning device (3) is electrically connected to the control terminal (4), and the control terminal (4) controls the start and stop of the first warning device (3) according to the data collected by the infrared rangefinder (2).

2. The early warning device for overbreak in the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first warning device (3) is a buzzer.

3. The early warning device for overbreak in primary support of tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:

4. The early warning device for overbreak in the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control terminal (4) is a remote control device.

5. An early warning device for overbreak in the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first warning device (3) is connected to the remote control device.

6. The early warning device for overbreak in primary support of a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bracket (1) is a flexible rod.

7. The early warning device for overbreak in the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes a supporting main rod (6), the supporting main rod (6) is arranged vertically, one end of the supporting main rod (6) abuts against the bracket (1), and the other end abuts against the bottom surface of the tunnel.

8. The warning device for overbreak in the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of supporting struts (61) are connected to the upper end of the supporting main rod (6), the plurality of supporting struts (61) are arranged obliquely at different angles of inclination, and one end of the plurality of supporting struts (61) away from the supporting main rod (6) abuts against the bracket (1).

9. The warning device for under-excavation of the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the supporting main rod (6) and the supporting struts (61) are telescopic rods. Support frames (11) are arranged at both ends of the bracket (1), a plurality of universal wheels (12) and a plurality of locking members (13) for locking the universal wheels (12) are arranged on the bottom surface of the support frames (11).

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