Polarity terminal, single battery and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a polarity terminal, a single battery and a high-capacity battery. The polarity terminal comprises a conductive cylinder, the conductive column body is provided with a channel penetrating through the conductive column body, and an inner cavity of the channel serves as a heat exchange medium circulation channel. Two ports of the channel are respectively provided with a fixing part which is fixed on the side wall of the conductive cylinder and is penetrated by the channel. Channels are formed in polar terminals of the single batteries and serve as heat exchange medium circulation channels, and after the single batteries with the polar terminals are used for constructing a large-capacity battery, the channels in the polar terminals are communicated through connecting pipe assemblies to form heat exchange channels. And the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polar terminal, so that the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the high-capacity battery is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a polar terminal, a single battery and a large-capacity battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the market, multiple single batteries are usually connected in parallel, in series or in series-parallel to form a large-capacity battery (which can also be called a battery module or a battery pack). However, there are differences among the single batteries in the existing large-capacity batteries. Due to the existence of the cask effect, the large-capacity battery is often affected by the single battery with the worst performance, resulting in great limitations on the capacity upper limit and the number of charge-discharge cycles of the entire large-capacity battery. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the single batteries in the large-capacity battery has become the key point and difficulty in this field of research.

[0003] To solve the above problems, Chinese Patent CN220797038U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is as Figure 1 shown. Such a large-capacity battery includes a housing and multiple single batteries. Define the length direction of the housing as the x direction, the width direction as the y direction, and the height direction as the z direction; the multiple single batteries are arranged along the x direction in the inner cavity of the housing; avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the housing to enable the polar terminals of each single battery to extend out; the polar terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance holes, and the area of the top plate of the housing corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate of the single battery. The bottom plate of the housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber, and the electrolyte sharing chamber is communicated with the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of the single batteries; the electrolytes in the inner cavities of the single batteries are communicated through the electrolyte sharing chamber, so that the electrolytes of all the single batteries are in the same system, reducing the differences among the electrolytes of the single batteries, improving the consistency among the single batteries to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0004] The above large-capacity battery will generate heat during use. If the heat exchange is not timely, it will cause a significant reduction in the battery life, an increase in energy loss, and even potential safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above large-capacity battery.

[0005] To improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above large-capacity battery, Chinese Patent CN118299714A discloses a large-capacity battery, as Figure 2 shown. This Chinese patent opens a slot at the position of the polar terminal of the above large-capacity battery extending out of the avoidance hole, and a heat exchange member 01 is fixed in the slot, which can effectively realize the heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. Moreover, the larger the contact area between the polar terminal and the heat exchange member, the better the heat exchange effect, that is, the larger the surface area of the slot, the larger the contact area with the heat exchange member, and the better the heat exchange effect achieved. However, when the surface area of the slot is too large, it will affect the overall structure of the polar terminal, and further affect its electrical conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present utility model is to provide a polar terminal, a single cell and a large-capacity battery, which can optimize the heat exchange structure, shorten the heat exchange path and improve the heat exchange performance of the whole large-capacity battery without affecting its electrical conductivity.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the present utility model is as follows:

[0008] A polar terminal includes a conductive column; the conductive column has a channel penetrating through the conductive column, and the inner cavity of the channel serves as a heat exchange medium flow channel; both ports of the channel are provided with fixing parts fixed on the side wall of the conductive column and penetrated by through holes.

[0009] Further, the fixing part is an annular boss integrally formed on the side wall of the conductive column and protruding from the side wall of the conductive column.

[0010] Further, the annular boss includes a first annular boss, and the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connection pipe.

[0011] Further, the fixing part is an annular groove opened on the side wall of the conductive column, and the groove width of the annular groove is adapted to the wall thickness of the sub-connection pipe.

[0012] Further, a plurality of heat conduction rib plates for increasing the heat exchange area are provided on the inner wall of the channel, or on the inner walls of the channel and the fixing part, each heat conduction rib plate extends in the x direction, and a plurality of heat conduction rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the channel.

[0013] The present utility model also provides a single cell, which includes an outer shell body and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located in the outer shell body; the outer shell body is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a cylinder body and a lower cover assembly; the upper cover assembly is provided with the above-mentioned polar terminal.

[0014] Further, at least one of the upper cover assembly and the lower cover assembly is provided with an opening part.

[0015] The present utility model also provides a large-capacity battery, which includes a connection pipe assembly and a plurality of single cells arranged in the same direction; the connection pipe assembly includes a plurality of sub-connection pipes; both ends of each sub-connection pipe are respectively connected to the fixing parts on the polar terminals on the same side of adjacent single cells, and two first heat exchange channels are formed at the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0016] Further, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery further includes a housing; a plurality of single cells are arranged in the same direction in the inner cavity of the housing; the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all single cells; avoiding holes are opened on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polar terminals of each single cell; the polar terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoiding holes, and the area of the top plate of the housing corresponding to the avoiding holes is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell.

[0017] Furthermore, an insulating sealant layer is provided on the outer shell top plate, and the main part of the heat exchange channel is located within the insulating sealant layer, while the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange channel extend out of the insulating sealant layer.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. In the present utility model, a channel is opened on the polar terminal of the single cell as the circulation channel for the heat exchange medium, that is, a part of the structure (inner wall of the channel) of the polar terminal is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; after constructing a large-capacity battery using the single cells with the above-mentioned polar terminals, the channels on the polar terminals are connected by sub-connecting pipes to form a heat exchange channel. Compared with the prior art solution of fixing the heat exchange element in the card slot, in this way, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened, from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange element - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal", and the heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium, and further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; in addition, due to the direct heat exchange method, it has a good heat exchange effect, so the cross-sectional area of the channel does not need to be too large, and thus does not affect the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal.

[0020] Meanwhile, a fixing part for connecting with the sub-connecting pipe is provided on the above-mentioned polar terminal. This fixing part realizes the quick and reliable connection between the polar terminal and the sub-connecting pipe. At the same time, after the sub-connecting pipe is connected to the polar terminal through the fixing part, it further avoids the leakage of the heat exchange medium.

[0021] 2. In the polar terminal of the present utility model, the fixing part is an annular boss provided on the side wall of the conductive column body and protruding from the side wall of the conductive column body. This kind of structure of the fixing part is convenient for integrally forming on the conductive column body. Preferably, the annular boss includes a first annular boss, and the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe. This kind of structure of the fixing part can increase the heat exchange area through which the heat exchange medium passes, and at the same time, it is also convenient for connecting with the sub-connecting pipe.

[0022] 3. In the polar terminal of the present utility model, the fixing part is an annular groove opened on the side wall of the conductive column body, and the groove width of the annular groove is adapted to the wall thickness of the sub-connecting pipe. This kind of structure of the fixing part can be processed on the existing polar terminal, reducing the manufacturing cost of the polar terminal.

[0023] 4. In the polar terminal of the present utility model, heat-conducting rib plates for increasing the heat exchange area are provided on the inner wall of the channel. By arranging the heat-conducting rib plates in the channel, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal can be increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect. Preferably, there are multiple heat-conducting rib plates, and the multiple heat-conducting rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the channel, so that the temperature uniformity of each part of the polar terminal is better. Each heat-conducting rib plate extends along the axial direction of the channel without affecting the fluidity of the heat exchange medium in the channel.

[0024] 5. The present utility model provides a large-capacity battery, which includes a connecting pipe assembly and a plurality of the above-mentioned single batteries arranged in the same direction; the connecting pipe assembly connects the channels on the polar terminals of the single batteries to form a heat exchange channel; a heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange channel to realize the heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at a normal working temperature.

[0025] 6. An insulating sealing glue layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery of the present utility model. The insulating sealing glue layer can re-seal the connection between the sub-connecting pipe and the fixing part, further avoiding the leakage of the heat exchange medium; at the same time, the insulating sealing glue layer can also fix the sub-connecting pipe, making the connection between the sub-connecting pipe and the fixing part more reliable; finally, blocked by the insulating sealing glue layer, the condensed water cannot penetrate into the gap between the polar terminal and the avoidance hole, thereby preventing the occurrence of short circuit of the large-capacity battery and improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present utility model will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the polar terminal (the fixing part includes a first annular boss) in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the polar terminal in Embodiment 1 (the fixing part includes a second annular boss);

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the polar terminal in Embodiment 1 (the fixing part includes a first annular boss and a second annular boss);

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the polar terminal in Embodiment 1 (the fixing part is an annular groove);

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the polar terminal in Embodiment 1 (the channel has heat-conducting rib plates); Figure One ;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the polar terminal in Embodiment 1 (the channel has heat-conducting rib plates); Figure Two ;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the single cell in Embodiment 2;

[0037] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0038] Figure 11 Partial explosion diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4;

[0040] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0041] Figure 14 Cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0042] Figure 15 Explosion schematic diagram of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0043] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the outer cylinder structure of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0044] Reference numerals: 01, heat exchange member; 1, outer shell; 2, single cell; 3, connecting pipe assembly; 4, electrolyte sharing chamber; 5, gas sharing chamber; 6, avoidance hole; 7, insulating sealant layer; 8, first heat exchange channel; 9, support member; 10, boss; 11, outer shell top plate; 12, outer shell bottom plate; 13, outer cylinder; 14, end plate; 15, sealing connection member; 131, outer cylinder side plate; 132, outer cylinder top plate; 21, polarity terminal; 22, channel; 23, fixing portion; 24, upper cover assembly; 25, heat conducting rib plate; 26, cylinder; 27, lower cover assembly; 28, unpacking member; 211, electrical connection portion; 31, series connection pipe; 32, sub-connection pipe; 33, adapter pipe; 231, first annular boss; 232, second annular boss; 233, annular groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0046] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present utility model. However, the present utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0047] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top, bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, terms such as "first, second, third, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] This embodiment provides a polarity terminal. When multiple single cells with this polarity terminal are used to construct a large-capacity battery, the channels on the polarity terminal are connected by sub-connection pipes to form a heat exchange channel, which serves as a flow chamber for the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polarity terminal and adopts a direct heat exchange method with the polarity terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0050] As shown Figures 3 to 6 in the figure, the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment includes a conductive column body; a channel 22 penetrating the conductive column body is provided on the conductive column body, and the inner cavity of the channel 22 serves as a heat exchange medium flow channel. At the same time, fixed parts 23 fixed to the side wall of the conductive column body and penetrated by through holes are provided at both ports of the conductive column body channel, and the connection between the polar terminal 21 and the sub-connection pipe is realized through the fixed parts 23. After connection, when the sub-connection pipe is connected to the fixed part, the inner cavity of the sub-connection pipe communicates with the channel 22.

[0051] The polar terminal 21 here can be the pole column of the single cell 2. At this time, the channel 22 and the fixed part 23 are arranged on the pole column of the single cell 2. When the height of the pole column of the single cell 2 does not meet the set requirements, a pole column adapter can also be connected to the pole column of the single cell 2, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column of the single cell 2 and the pole column adapter is used as the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2. At this time, the channel 22 and the fixed part 23 are arranged on the pole column adapter.

[0052] As can be seen Figures 3 to 6 from the figure, the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment is the pole column of the single cell 2, and this pole column is higher in height compared with the pole column of the conventional single cell 2.

[0053] The conductive column body in this embodiment is specifically a columnar structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21 is not limited. Its cross-section can be square or circular, etc. At this time, the conductive column body can be a rectangular column or a cylindrical column, etc. During use, corresponding designs are made according to the specific structure of the single cell 2. In this embodiment, taking the conductive column body as a rectangular column as an example, its structure is described.

[0054] The opening direction of the above heat exchange medium flow channel 22 is perpendicular to the height direction of the single cell 2. The cross-section of the channel 22 in this embodiment is not limited either. Usually, a channel 22 with a relatively regular cross-section such as a circular or square cross-section can be adopted. Specifically, round holes, elliptical holes, etc. can be used. In this embodiment, round holes are preferably adopted. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the channel 22 in this embodiment should not be too large so as not to affect the conductivity of the polar terminal 21; the cross-sectional area of the channel 22 should not be too small either, otherwise the heat exchange area is too small and the heat exchange effect is affected. On the premise of ensuring that the conductivity of the polar terminal 21 is not affected, the cross-sectional area of the channel 22 can be increased as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0055] When multiple single cells with the polar terminals 21 are used to construct a high-capacity battery, the channels on the polar terminals are connected through sub-connecting tubes to form a heat exchange channel, enabling the heat exchange medium to directly contact the polar terminals 21 and improving the heat exchange efficiency. To ensure a reliable connection between the polar terminal 21 and the sub-connecting tube, a fixing portion 23 is provided on the side wall of the conductive column intersecting in the x direction. The fixing portion 23 may specifically adopt the following structures:

[0056] First, the fixing portion 23 is an integrally formed annular boss protruding from the side wall of the conductive column, and at the same time, the channel passes through the annular boss;

[0057] a. As Figure 3 shown, the annular boss includes a first annular boss 231. The circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss 231 is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting tube, that is, the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss 231 is the same as or slightly smaller than the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting tube;

[0058] During connection, the sub-connecting tube is sleeved on the outer wall of the first annular boss 231 to realize the connection of the channels 22 between the single cells 2. Specifically during connection, the sub-connecting tube can be sleeved on the first annular boss 231 by interference fit; the fixing portion 23 of this structure can increase the heat exchange area through which the heat exchange medium passes, and at the same time, it is also convenient for a quick and reliable connection with the sub-connecting tube.

[0059] b. As Figure 4 shown, the annular boss includes a second annular boss 232. The circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the second annular boss 232 is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the sub-connecting tube, that is, the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the second annular boss 232 is the same as or slightly smaller than the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the sub-connecting tube;

[0060] During connection, the sub-connecting tube is embedded into the inner wall of the second annular boss 232 to realize the connection of the channels 22 between the single cells 2. Specifically during connection, the sub-connecting tube can be inserted into the second annular boss 232 by interference fit;

[0061] c. As Figure 5 shown, the annular boss includes a first annular boss 231 and a second annular boss 232. The circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss 231 is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting tube, and the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the second annular boss 232 is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the sub-connecting tube;

[0062] When connecting, the sub-connecting pipe is snap-fitted into the annular groove between the first annular boss 231 and the second annular boss 232. At this time, the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe contacts the outer wall of the first annular boss 231, and the outer wall of the sub-connecting pipe contacts the inner wall of the second annular boss 232. The fixing part 23 of this structure can fix the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the sub-connecting pipe simultaneously, improving the connection stability between the sub-connecting pipe and the polar terminal 21. At the same time, the fixing part 23 of this structure forms multiple sealing contact surfaces between the sub-connecting pipe and the fixing part 23, further improving the sealing performance and reliability of the connection part.

[0063] Second, as Figure 6 shown, the fixing part 23 is an annular groove 233 provided on the side wall of the conductive column;

[0064] The shape of the annular groove 233 is similar to that of the sub-connecting pipe, and the groove width of the annular groove 233 is the same as or slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the sub-connecting pipe. Among them, the groove width of the annular groove 233 specifically refers to the radial dimension of the annular groove 233.

[0065] When connecting, the end of the sub-connecting pipe is embedded in the annular groove 233. Compared with the structure where the fixing part 23 is an annular boss, the fixing part 23 of this structure can be processed on the existing polar terminal, reducing the manufacturing cost of the polar terminal.

[0066] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, in order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, at least one heat conduction rib plate 25 can be arranged in the channel 22 in this embodiment. Each heat conduction rib plate 25 extends along the X direction, and multiple heat conduction rib plates 25 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the channel. According to the size of the channel 22, the number and arrangement mode of the heat conduction rib plates 25 can be adjusted on the premise of not affecting the flow of the heat exchange medium. The above heat conduction rib plate 25 can specifically adopt structures such as fins or fins, and is integrally formed in the channel 22 of the polar terminal 21.

[0067] At the same time, if the fixing part 23 includes the first annular boss 231, or the fixing part 23 includes the structure of the first annular boss 231 and the second annular boss 232, then the above heat conduction rib plates 25 are arranged on the inner wall of the channel and the inner wall of the fixing part 23. The above heat conduction rib plates 25 can increase the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 21, that is, increase the heat exchange area, and thus can effectively improve the heat exchange effect.

[0068] Among them, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the fixing part 23 of the polar terminal 21 including the first annular boss 231, each heat conduction rib plate 25 extending along the x direction in the channel 22 and extending into the first annular boss 231; Figure 8The fixing portion 23 of the polar terminal 21 includes a first annular boss 231 and a second annular boss 232. Each heat conducting rib plate 25 channel 22 extends along the x direction and extends into the first annular boss 231.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] As Figure 3 shown, this embodiment provides a single cell 2, which includes a housing, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located within the housing. The housing is enclosed by a cylinder 26, a lower cover assembly 27 and an upper cover assembly 24. The upper cover assembly 24 includes an upper cover plate and two polar terminals 21 located on the upper cover plate. The polarities of the two polar terminals 21 are opposite, serving as the positive and negative polar terminals of the single cell 2 respectively. It should be noted that insulation is maintained between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate, and the insulation can be achieved by pouring insulating glue or setting an insulating rubber sleeve, etc. The polar terminal 21 specifically adopts the polar terminal provided in Embodiment 1.

[0071] The above-mentioned polar terminal 21 can be the pole column of the single cell 2. Compared with the pole column of a conventional single cell 2, it has a higher height. When the height of the pole column of the single cell 2 does not meet the set requirements, a pole column adapter is connected to the pole column of the single cell 2, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column of the single cell 2 and the pole column adapter is used as the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0072] As Figure 9 shown, the lower cover assembly 27 of this embodiment includes a lower cover plate and an opening member 28 provided on the lower cover plate. Such an opening member 28 can be separated from the lower cover plate of the single cell 2 under the action of an external force or electrolyte, and a through hole communicating with the inner cavity of the housing is formed on the lower cover plate. The opening member 28 adopts an existing structure, for example, it can adopt the opening member 28 disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc.

[0073] In addition, a similar opening member 28 can also be provided on the upper cover plate, and this opening member 28 is located between the two polar terminals 21.

[0074] Embodiment 3

[0075] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, this embodiment is a large-capacity battery, which includes a connecting pipe assembly 3 and 13 single cells 2 arranged in the same direction. The single cell 2 is the single cell 2 described in Embodiment 2. In other embodiments, the number of single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the form of the single cell 2 can also be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0076] For the convenience of description, in this embodiment, the arrangement direction of the single battery 2 is defined as the x-direction, the height direction of the single battery 2 is defined as the z-direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the x-direction and the z-direction is defined as the y-direction.

[0077] In this embodiment, the connecting pipe assembly 3 is used to connect the channels 22 on the polarity terminals 21 of all the single batteries 2 in the large-capacity battery, forming a heat exchange channel. A heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange channel to achieve heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange channel; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange channel; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0078] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, the connecting pipe assembly 3 in this embodiment includes multiple sub-connecting pipes 32; both ends of each sub-connecting pipe 32 are respectively connected to the fixing parts 23 on the polarity terminals 21 on the same side of the adjacent single batteries 2, thereby connecting the channels 22 of multiple single batteries 2. After connection, two first heat exchange channels 8 are formed at the top of the large-capacity battery. A heat exchange medium is introduced into the first heat exchange channels 8 to achieve temperature control of the large-capacity battery.

[0079] In this embodiment, the series connecting pipe 31 is used to connect the channels 22 of the two polarity terminals 21 of one of the outermost single batteries 2, that is, to achieve the series connection of the two first heat exchange channels 8. A U-shaped heat exchange channel is formed at the top of the large-capacity battery. The two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel are respectively used as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end for connecting with the outlet and inlet of the heat exchange medium source. That is to say, the free ends of the channels 22 of the two polarity terminals 21 of the other outermost single battery 2 (the free ends mentioned here are the ports of the channels 22 that are not connected to the sub-connecting pipes 32) can directly serve as the two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel (i.e., as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end), and are connected to the outlet and inlet of the heat exchange medium source through external pipelines respectively.

[0080] In some embodiments, the two first heat exchange channels 8 can be connected in parallel, that is, the ports on one side of the two first heat exchange channels 8 are all used for connecting with the outlet of the heat exchange medium source as the liquid inlet end, and the ports on the other side of the two first heat exchange channels 8 are all connected to the inlet of the heat exchange medium source as the liquid outlet end.

[0081] As Figure 10 shown, for the convenience of connecting with external pipelines, in this embodiment, a transfer pipe 33 can also be connected to the free ends of the channels 22 of the polarity terminals 21 serving as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, and is connected to the external pipeline through the transfer pipe 33.

[0082] It should be noted that:

[0083] 1. Since the polar terminal 21 of the present utility model is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long life, non-corrosiveness, etc. In the present utility model, the heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil, fluorinated liquid, etc.

[0084] 2. Since the above-mentioned connecting pipe assembly 3 is in direct contact with the polar terminal 21, if the polar terminals 21 of different polarities of the same single battery 2 are electrically conducted through the connecting pipe assembly 3, it will cause a short circuit. Therefore, in Figure 10 the structure shown (two first heat exchange channels 8 are connected in series), the series connecting pipe 31 and the two polar terminals 21 connected thereto must be insulated; usually, the following methods can be used to achieve insulation:

[0085] 2.1 Select a series connecting pipe 31 made of insulating material;

[0086] 2.2 When using a series connecting pipe 31 made of non-insulating material, the wall of the series connecting pipe 31 can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc.; the inner wall of the channel 22 connected to the series connecting pipe 31 can also be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, etc.; an insulating sleeve can also be added between the series connecting pipe 31 and the channel 22; of course, for the sake of safety, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to achieve the insulation between the series connecting pipe 31 and the polar terminal 21.

[0087] In this embodiment, the insulation between the series connecting pipe 31 and the polar terminal 21 is achieved by using a series connecting pipe 31 made of insulating material.

[0088] In addition, since the heat exchange medium flows in the heat exchange channel, the sealing performance of the entire heat exchange channel is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange channel, as Figure 11 can be seen, the series connecting pipe 31, the sub-connecting pipe 32 and the adapter pipe 33 in this embodiment are hermetically connected to the fixing part 23 on the polar terminal 21 by an interference fit.

[0089] In other embodiments, a sealing ring can also be added between the two to further improve the sealing performance of the connection part.

[0090] During the assembly of this embodiment, both ends of the sub-connecting pipe 32 are respectively connected to the fixing parts 23 on the polar terminals 21 of adjacent single cells 2. When the sub-connecting pipe 32 adopts a pipe section made of a rigid material, it is required that the channels 22 on the polar terminals 21 of adjacent single cells 2 must be coaxial to achieve an effective connection. However, in some cases, due to the existence of processing errors, it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the channels 22 on the polar terminals 21 of adjacent single cells 2. Therefore, the non-connecting part of the sub-connecting pipe 32 in this embodiment (here, the non-connecting part is the part where the sub-connecting pipe 32 does not connect to the port of the channel 22, which can also be understood as the middle section of the sub-connecting pipe 32) preferably has a certain flexibility. Based on the deformation of the sub-connecting pipe 32, the above-mentioned processing errors are overcome, facilitating the sealed connection between the sub-connecting pipe 32 and the corresponding channel 22 port.

[0091] In addition, when an unpacking part 28 is provided on the lower cover assembly of each single cell 2, this embodiment can also be provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 4 at the bottom of the large-capacity battery to connect the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of all single cells 2 to achieve the effect of electrolyte sharing. The electrolyte sharing chamber 4 can be a hollow member provided at the bottom of the large-capacity battery. Through holes are opened in the hollow member, and electrolyte sharing is achieved based on these through holes and the through holes formed after the unpacking part 28 is separated from the lower cover.

[0092] When an unpacking part 28 is provided on the upper cover assembly of each single cell 2, a gas sharing chamber 5 can also be provided at the top of the large-capacity battery to connect the gas areas in the inner cavities of all single cells 2 to achieve the effect of gas balance. The gas sharing chamber 5 can also cover the top venting or explosion-proof ports of each single cell 2 in the large-capacity battery, and a venting film is provided at the venting or explosion-proof port; when the venting film at the gas port of any single cell 2 is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of this single cell 2 is connected to the gas sharing chamber 5, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 5, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0093] For the specific structures of the electrolyte sharing chamber 4 and the gas sharing chamber 5, reference can be made to the first hollow member and the second hollow member described in Chinese Patent CN117477186A, and the electrolyte sharing channel 22 described in CN115275453A.

[0094] Embodiment 4

[0095] As Figure 12As shown in the figure, this embodiment is another large-capacity battery. Different from Embodiment 3, the large-capacity battery in this embodiment further has a housing 1. On the basis of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3, this embodiment adds a housing 1, arranges each single battery 2 in the inner cavity of the housing 1, and a relief hole 6 that enables the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 to protrude is provided on the top plate 11 of the housing. The polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 protrude from the corresponding relief holes 6, and a sealing connector 15 is added between the relief holes 6 and the polar terminals 21 to achieve the fixed sealing between the area of the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to the relief holes 6 and the housing of the single battery 2.

[0096] The above-mentioned sealing connector 15 includes a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the single battery 2, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected to the second area of the top plate 11 of the housing; the first area is the area around any polar terminal 21 on the upper cover plate of any single battery 2; among them, the area around the polar terminal 21 is the area around the insulating gasket on the polar terminal 21. The insulating gasket is a part on the single battery 2 for insulating between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 2. The second area is the area of the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to any one of the relief holes 6. The area of the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to the relief hole 6 is the peripheral area of the outer surface of the top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the relief holes 6; or the area of the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to the relief hole 6 is the hole wall of the relief hole 6.

[0097] A support member 9 extending in the x direction is provided between the bottom plate 12 of the housing and each single battery 2, and a liquid channel 22 is formed between each single battery 2 and the bottom plate 12 of the housing, serving as an electrolyte sharing chamber 4.

[0098] Figure 12 and Figure 14 In [reference], on the top plate 11 of the housing, a boss 10 extending in the x direction is provided, and a gas channel 22 is opened on the boss 10. The gas channel 22 communicates with the inner cavity of the housing 1, serving as a gas sharing chamber 5 and communicating with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 2; when gas is generated in the inner cavity of the single battery 2, the inner cavity of the gas channel 22 can also serve as a gas storage cavity to relieve the problem of bulging of the housing 1 caused by gas generation.

[0099] In some other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 4 or the gas sharing chamber 5 may be provided.

[0100] Embodiment 5

[0101] This embodiment is another large-capacity battery. Different from Embodiment 4, on the basis of Embodiment 4, an insulating sealing adhesive layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4.

[0102] As Figures 13 to 14As shown, the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 covers the top of the high-capacity battery. The main part of the heat exchange channel (the main part of the heat exchange channel can be understood to include each sub-connection pipe 32 and the channels 22 on each polar terminal 21) is located within the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7. The liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange channel are both exposed from the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7, facilitating connection to the heat exchange medium source. At the same time, the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 also fills the space between the polar terminal 21 and the sealing connection member 15.

[0103] In this embodiment, the electrically connected parts 211 of all the polar terminals 21 extend out of the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 to facilitate connection to the electrical connection component assembly (where the electrical connection component assembly is the electrical connection component for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 2 in the high-capacity battery and / or the series connection of adjacent high-capacity batteries).

[0104] Laying the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 on the top of the high-capacity battery has at least the following advantages:

[0105] First, further improve the sealing performance of the heat exchange channel; specifically, the insulating and sealing adhesive forming the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 penetrates into the tiny gaps between the two ports of the channel 22 and the connection pipe assembly 3 (including the series connection pipe 31, the sub-connection pipe 32, and the adapter pipe 33) (the insulating and sealing adhesive cannot enter the inner cavity of the heat exchange channel through this tiny gap), and further seals this gap radially.

[0106] Second, secondary sealing of the avoidance hole 6 part; even if there are tiny gaps between the sealing connection member 15 and the housing of the single battery 2 and the outer housing top plate 11 (this gap does not allow the insulating and sealing adhesive to pass through), filling the insulating and sealing adhesive in the space between the polar terminal 21 and the sealing connection member 15 can also seal such tiny gaps to further improve the sealing performance of the avoidance hole 6 part.

[0107] Third, prevent condensation; during long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the sub-connection pipe 32, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short-circuit problem; the sub-connection pipe 32 is wrapped with the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7. When condensation occurs on the surface of the sub-connection pipe 32, under the protection of the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7, the situation of battery short-circuit can be prevented.

[0108] In some other embodiments, after connecting the electrical connection component to the polar terminal 21, the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 can be laid on the top of the high-capacity battery, that is, the insulating and sealing adhesive layer 7 completely covers the polar terminal 21 of the single battery 2 and the connection part between the electrical connection component and the polar terminal 21; in the whole high-capacity battery, after insulating the outer shell 1, only the free end of the electrical connection component assembly (for realizing the series connection of high-capacity batteries) is exposed and charged, and the rest are insulated, making such high-capacity batteries have higher safety performance.

[0109] In order to prevent glue overflow during the glue injection process, in this embodiment, a partial structure of the housing 1 is used as a glue baffle. The following will be combined with Figure 15 and Figure 16 to detail the structure of the housing 1 in this embodiment.

[0110] As Figure 15 shown, it is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the housing 1 in this embodiment. The housing 1 is disassembled into an outer cylinder body 13 with open ends at both ends and end plates 14 covering the open ends of the outer cylinder body 13. Among them, the structure of the outer cylinder body 13 is as Figure 16 shown. Both ends of the outer cylinder body 13 are open ends, that is, the open ends of the outer cylinder body 13 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the outer cylinder side plate 131 is higher than the height of the outer cylinder top plate 132; the part of the outer cylinder side plate 131 that is higher than the outer cylinder top plate 132 is used as a glue baffle. The outer cylinder body 13 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient for processing. At the same time, compared with the split structure, it has good sealing performance.

Claims

1. A polar terminal, characterized in that, It includes a conductive column; The conductive column has a channel penetrating the conductive column, and the inner cavity of the channel serves as a heat exchange medium flow channel; Both ports of the channel are provided with fixing parts fixed on the side wall of the conductive column and penetrated by the channel.

2. The polar terminal according to claim 1, wherein The fixing part is an annular boss integrally formed on the side wall of the conductive column and protruding from the side wall of the conductive column.

3. The polar terminal according to claim 2, wherein The annular boss includes a first annular boss, and the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe.

4. The polar terminal according to claim 1, wherein The fixing part is an annular groove opened on the side wall of the conductive column, and the groove width of the annular groove is adapted to the wall thickness of the sub-connecting pipe.

5. The polar terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A plurality of heat conduction rib plates for increasing the heat exchange area are provided on the inner wall of the channel, or on the inner walls of the channel and the fixing part. Each heat conduction rib plate extends in the x direction, and multiple heat conduction rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the channel.

6. A single cell, characterized in that, It includes an outer shell body, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the outer shell body; the outer shell body is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a cylinder body and a lower cover assembly; the upper cover assembly is provided with the polar terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The single cell according to claim 6, wherein At least one of the upper cover assembly and the lower cover assembly is provided with an unpacking part.

8. A large-capacity battery, characterized in that, It includes a connecting pipe assembly and a plurality of single battery cells according to claim 6 or claim 7 arranged in the same direction; the connecting pipe assembly includes multiple sub-connecting pipes; both ends of each sub-connecting pipe are respectively connected to the fixing parts on the polar terminals on the same side of adjacent single battery cells, and two first heat exchange channels are formed at the top of the large-capacity battery.

9. The large-capacity battery according to claim 8, wherein, It further includes an outer shell; a plurality of single battery cells are arranged in the same direction in the inner cavity of the outer shell; The outer shell is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all single battery cells; Avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the polar terminals of each single battery cell; the polar terminals of each single battery cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single battery cell housing.

10. The large-capacity battery according to claim 9, wherein An insulating sealing glue layer is provided on the top plate of the outer shell, and the main part of the heat exchange channel is located in the insulating sealing glue layer, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange channel extend out of the insulating sealing glue layer.

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