High-capacity battery assembly

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a high-capacity battery assembly which comprises a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device, the high-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged in an inner cavity of the shell along the x direction; the shell is provided with a shared cavity communicated with inner cavities of all the single batteries; a plurality of first avoiding holes are formed in the top plate of the shell; the polarity terminals extend out of the corresponding first avoiding holes, and third insulation sealing glue layers are arranged between the first avoiding holes and the polarity terminals. The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one open end; the open end of the hollow box is hermetically fixed with the top plate of the shell; the polar terminal part structure of the single battery is positioned in the hollow box body; a plurality of second avoiding holes are formed in the top plate of the hollow box body, and the electric connecting part of each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding second avoiding hole; and the polar terminal and the second avoiding hole are sealed. By optimizing the structure of the heat exchange piece, the heat exchange path is shortened, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange performance of the whole high-capacity battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a large-capacity battery assembly. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the market, multiple single cells are usually connected in parallel, series or series-parallel to form a large-capacity battery (which can also be called a battery module or a battery pack).

[0003] However, there are differences among the single cells in the existing large-capacity batteries. Due to the existence of the cask effect, the large-capacity battery is often affected by the single cell with the worst performance, resulting in a great limitation on the capacity upper limit and the cycle life of the entire large-capacity battery. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the single cells in the large-capacity battery has become the key point and difficulty in this field of research.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese Patent CN220797038U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is as Figure 1 shown. Such a large-capacity battery includes a housing and multiple single cells.

[0005] Define the length direction of the housing as the x direction, the width direction as the y direction, and the height direction as the z direction;

[0006] The multiple single cells are arranged along the x direction in the inner cavity of the housing;

[0007] The bottom plate of the housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 13, and the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is communicated with the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of the respective single cells; the electrolytes in the inner cavities of the respective single cells are communicated through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, so that the electrolytes of all the single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the electrolytes of the respective single cells, improving the consistency among the single cells to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0008] The top plate of the housing is provided with first avoidance holes through which the polar terminals of the respective single cells can extend; the polar terminals of the respective single cells extend out of the first avoidance holes, and the area of the top plate of the housing corresponding to the first avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plates of the single cells.

[0009] It should be noted that the above-mentioned polar terminals of the single cells can be the single cell electrode posts. If it is necessary to avoid that the single cell electrode posts cannot smoothly extend out of the first avoidance holes as the polar terminals or the height of extending out of the first avoidance holes does not meet the set requirements, a pole post adapter can also be connected to the single cell electrode posts, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the single cell electrode posts and the pole post adapter is used as the polar terminals of the single cells.

[0010] During the use of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, heat will be generated. If heat exchange (heat dissipation) is not timely, it will cause a significant reduction in the battery life, an increase in energy loss, and even potential safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery.

[0011] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, Chinese Patent CN118299714A discloses a large-capacity battery. As Figure 2 shown, this patent opens a card slot at the polar terminal part of the large-capacity battery extending out of the first avoidance hole, and fixes the heat exchange element 01 in the card slot, which can effectively realize the heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. Moreover, the larger the contact area between the polar terminal and the heat exchange element 01, the better the heat exchange effect, that is, the larger the surface area of the card slot, the larger its contact area with the heat exchange element 01, and the better the achieved heat exchange effect. However, when the surface area of the card slot is too large, it will affect the overall structure of the polar terminal, and then affect its electrical conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a large-capacity battery assembly, which, without affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal, optimizes the structure of the heat exchange element, shortens the heat exchange path, increases the heat exchange area, and improves the heat exchange performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0013] The present utility model provides a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device;

[0014] The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction. The housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all single cells; on the top plate of the housing, a first avoidance hole is opened corresponding to the polar terminal of each single cell; the polar terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding first avoidance hole, an annular gap is formed between the first avoidance hole and the polar terminal, and a third insulating sealant layer is provided in the annular gap;

[0015] The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one end open; the open end of the hollow box body is hermetically fixed to the top plate of the housing, and the cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate of the housing is used as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; a part of the structure of the polar terminal of the single cell is located in the insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; on the top plate of the hollow box body, a second avoidance hole is opened corresponding to the polar terminal of each single cell, and the electrical connection part of the polar terminal of each single cell extends out of the corresponding second avoidance hole; and it is sealed between the polar terminal and the second avoidance hole.

[0016] The present utility model converts the heat exchange method, converting the indirect heat exchange method adopted in Chinese Patent CN118299714A into a direct heat exchange method. A heat exchange device is provided at the top of the large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a cavity for accommodating the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, a part of the structure of the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0017] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; secondly, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "the card slot with a certain surface area" to "the part of the structure of the polar terminal located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. In addition, a hollow box body with one end open is used as the heat exchange device, and the heat exchange medium can also be in direct contact with the top plate of the outer shell and act directly on the top plate of the outer shell, further improving the heat exchange effect of such large-capacity batteries.

[0018] At the same time, the present utility model considers that after the polar terminals of each single battery extend out of the first avoidance hole, a third insulating and sealing glue layer is laid in the annular gap between the polar terminal and the first avoidance hole, so that the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the first avoidance hole can be fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate of the single battery without using a welding process, and the process is simple and easy to operate.

[0019] In order to improve the stability of the third insulating and sealing glue layer in the annular gap between the polar terminal and the first avoidance hole, the present utility model makes at least part of the structure of the insulating member extend into the first avoidance hole (usually, when the height of the insulating member of the single battery is relatively low and it is difficult to extend into the first avoidance hole, the height of the insulating member can be increased to ensure that at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the first avoidance hole). An annular gap is formed between the insulating member and the first avoidance hole, and the third insulating and sealing glue layer is laid in the annular gap between the insulating member and the first avoidance hole. Usually, the material of the insulating member is rubber, plastic, fiber, etc. Compared with the polar terminal made of aluminum, it is easier to bond with the insulating and sealing glue and has a higher bonding strength.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the insulating member is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the top plate of the outer shell is located.

[0021] Furthermore, the aforementioned large-capacity battery assembly further includes a plurality of sealing rings corresponding one-to-one to the polarity terminals; the sealing rings are fitted over the corresponding polarity terminals, with the bottom surface of the sealing rings in close contact with the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the top surface of the sealing rings in close contact with the inner surface of the top plate of the outer shell; a third insulating sealant layer is located on the sealing rings. Sealing rings are fitted around the polarity terminals of each single cell; under the pressure of the outer shell top plate, the sealing rings seal the gap between the top plate of the outer shell and the upper cover plate of the single cell. When glue is injected into the annular gap, the insulating sealant liquid is blocked by the sealing rings and does not penetrate into the inner cavity of the outer shell. In addition, in addition to acting as a glue barrier, the sealing rings also have a sealing function, and in conjunction with the third insulating sealant layer, a better sealing effect can be achieved.

[0022] Furthermore, the sealing ring is L-shaped and includes a transverse sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface. The bottom surface of the transverse sealing surface is in close contact with the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the top surface of the transverse sealing surface is in close contact with the inner surface of the housing top plate. The outer circumference of the vertical sealing surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the avoidance hole. This achieves sealing in both the axial and radial directions at the avoidance hole, providing improved sealing performance. Furthermore, the vertical sealing surface cooperates with the avoidance hole to achieve the desired seal ring positioning.

[0023] Furthermore, the polarity terminals of the individual cells are provided with functional structures that increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminals. The portion of the polarity terminals where the functional structures are provided is located within the cavity where the insulating heat exchange medium flows. Placing the portion with the functional structures within the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, where they come into contact with the heat exchange medium, provides a larger heat exchange area and achieves better heat exchange results.

[0024] Furthermore, the functional structure comprises n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal. The annular grooves are easy to process, resulting in a lower cost for the polarity terminal.

[0025] Furthermore, the functional structure can also be a through-hole provided on the polarity terminal, the through-hole penetrating the polarity terminal along the x-direction. A plurality of dividing ribs can also be provided on the inner wall of the through-hole; the plurality of dividing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through-hole, and each dividing rib extends axially along the through-hole. By providing dividing ribs within the through-hole, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polarity terminal can be further increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect. In addition, the plurality of dividing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through-hole, so that the temperature uniformity of each part of the polarity terminal is better. Each dividing rib extends axially along the through-hole, without affecting the fluidity of the heat transfer medium within the through-hole.

[0026] Further, the top plate of the hollow box body and the side plates of the hollow box body are separate parts; the outer shell includes a cylindrical body with both ends open and end plates sealed at the two open ends of the cylindrical body; the end plates are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the side plates of the cylindrical body are higher than the top plate of the cylindrical body, and the part where the side plates of the cylindrical body are higher than the top plate of the cylindrical body is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body, where the second side plate is the side plate of the hollow box body parallel to the xz plane. The cylindrical body can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is simple and convenient to process. At the same time, part of the structure of the side plates of the cylindrical body is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body. When constructing the heat exchange device, only the top plate and the first side plate of the hollow box body need to be fixed.

[0027] Further, the heat exchange device further includes a dividing member disposed in the hollow box body; the dividing member extends in the x direction and divides the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body;

[0028] In the z direction, the polar terminals of each single battery located on one side extend out of the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body corresponding to the second avoidance holes, and the polar terminals of each single battery located on the other side extend out of the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body corresponding to the second avoidance holes.

[0029] When the large-capacity battery includes a large number of single batteries, the size of the large-capacity battery in the x direction is relatively large. Correspondingly, the size of the hollow box body in the x direction is also relatively large, which may lead to easy deformation of the top plate of the hollow box body in the z direction. After adding the dividing member, the top plate of the hollow box body can be supported, and this kind of problem can be well improved.

[0030] Further, the dividing member is a boss disposed on the top plate of the outer shell and extending in the x direction;

[0031] The shared chamber includes a gas shared chamber and an electrolyte shared chamber;

[0032] The gas shared chamber is a first channel opened on the boss and extending in the x direction, and this first channel covers above the gas ports of each single battery;

[0033] The electrolyte shared chamber is a second channel disposed on the bottom plate of the outer shell and extending in the x direction, and this second channel is communicated with the electrolyte regions in the inner cavities of each single battery.

[0034] Using the structure of the large-capacity battery itself (the boss for forming the gas shared chamber) as the dividing member, there is no need to introduce additional external structures, which is simple in structure and has a low processing cost.

[0035] Further, in the z direction, the size of the boss is larger than the inner cavity size of the hollow box body;

[0036] The top plate of the hollow box body includes a first sub-top plate and a second sub-top plate;

[0037] The first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively and hermetically fixed between the two cylindrical side plates and the boss, serving as the first sub-top plate of the hollow box body and the second sub-top plate of the hollow box body respectively.

[0038] Compared with the structure where the top plate of the hollow box body is an integral plate, it can save the material of the top plate of the hollow box body and reduce the cost.

[0039] Furthermore, the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are connected in series.

[0040] Furthermore, a through hole extending in the y direction is opened on the boss, and this through hole is independent of the first channel; the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are connected through this through hole. Directly opening a through hole on the boss (i.e., the dividing member), compared with the scheme of introducing an external connecting pipe, can reduce the volume of the entire large-capacity battery and simplify its structure, making such large-capacity batteries have a higher energy density.

[0041] Furthermore, the following method can be used to achieve the seal between the second avoidance hole and the corresponding polarity terminal:

[0042] A first-level step structure is arranged on the side of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; through the cooperation of introducing a plurality of first annular gaskets corresponding to the polarity terminals one by one and the limiting structure with the step structure:

[0043] Specifically, a step structure is provided on the outer wall of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; the step surface is coated with a second insulating and sealing adhesive layer, and the top plate of the hollow box body is crimped on the second insulating and sealing adhesive layer to achieve a preliminary seal between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole;

[0044] The first annular gasket is sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminal, and the inner ring surface of the first annular gasket is closely attached to the polarity terminal, and the bottom surface is crimped on the top plate of the hollow box body to perform secondary sealing on the gap between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole.

[0045] Furthermore, a first insulating and sealing adhesive layer is provided on the top of the heat exchange device. Based on the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer, first, it can avoid the short-circuit problem caused by the external condensation of the heat exchange device, and second, it can further improve the sealing performance of the entire heat exchange device.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0047] 1. The present utility model converts the heat exchange method, converting the indirect heat exchange method adopted in Chinese Patent CN118299714A into a direct heat exchange method. A heat exchange device is arranged on the top of the large-capacity battery, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as the accommodation cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, a part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0048] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. Secondly, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "the card slot with a certain surface area" to "the partial structure of the polar terminal located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. In addition, by using a hollow box body with one end open as the heat exchange device, the heat exchange medium can also be in direct contact with the top plate of the outer shell and act directly on the top plate of the outer shell, further improving the heat exchange effect of such large-capacity batteries.

[0049] At the same time, the present utility model considers that after the polar terminals of each single battery extend out of the first avoidance hole, a third insulating and sealing glue layer is laid in the annular gap between the polar terminal and the first avoidance hole to achieve fixed sealing between the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the first avoidance hole and the upper cover plate of the single battery. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure the stability of the third insulating and sealing glue layer in the annular gap. To improve the stability of the third insulating and sealing glue layer in the annular gap between the polar terminal and the first avoidance hole, at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the first avoidance hole of the single battery (usually, when the height of the insulating member of the single battery is relatively low and it is difficult to extend into the first avoidance hole, the height of the insulating member can be increased to ensure that at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the first avoidance hole). An annular gap is formed between the insulating member and the first avoidance hole, and the third insulating and sealing glue layer is laid in the annular gap between the insulating member and the first avoidance hole. Usually, the material of the insulating member is rubber, plastic, fiber, etc. Compared with the polar terminal made of aluminum, it is easier to bond with the insulating and sealing glue and has a higher bonding strength.

[0050] 2. On the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal, a functional structure is set on the polar terminal to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal. The part provided with the functional structure is placed inside the heat exchange device and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus can obtain a better heat exchange effect. Description of the Drawings

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0054] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 5 Partial cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0056] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the single battery in Example 1;

[0057] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0058] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the single battery in Example 2;

[0059] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the upper cover assembly in Example 2;

[0060] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly in Example 2;

[0061] Figure 11 Partial cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0062] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the single battery in Example 3;

[0063] Figure 13 Schematic structural diagram of the upper cover assembly in Example 3;

[0064] Figure 14 Cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly in Example 3;

[0065] Figure 15 Schematic structural diagram of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0066] Figure 16 Cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0067] Figure 17 Schematic partial explosion structure diagram of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0068] Figure 18 Schematic explosion structure diagram of the outer shell of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0069] Figure 19 Schematic structural diagram of the cylinder of the high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0070] Figure 20 Cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0071] Figure 21 Cross-sectional view of a high-capacity battery in other embodiments;

[0072] Figure 22 Cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in other embodiments;

[0073] Figure 23 Schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0074] Figure 24 Cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0075] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of another large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0076] Figure 26 Schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 6;

[0077] Figure 27 Cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 6;

[0078] Figure 28 Schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 7;

[0079] Figure 29 Schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 7;

[0080] The reference numerals in the figure are:

[0081] 01, heat exchange member; 1, outer shell, 11, outer shell top plate; 12, outer shell bottom plate; 13, electrolyte sharing chamber; 14, gas sharing chamber; 2, single cell; 21, polar terminal; 211, electrical connection part; 22, electrical connection component assembly; 221, first electrical connection component; 222, second electrical connection component; 3, first avoidance hole; 4, heat exchange device; 41, first sub-heat exchange device; 42, second sub-heat exchange device; 43, annular protrusion; 44, first side plate; 45, second side plate; 5, hollow box top plate; 51, second avoidance hole; 52, first sub-hollow box top plate; 53, second sub-hollow box top plate; 6, dividing member; 7, connecting pipe; 8, through hole; 9, first insulating sealant layer; 10, second insulating sealant layer; 16, support member; 17, boss; 18, liquid inlet; 19, cylinder; 191, cylinder side plate; 192, cylinder top plate; 20, end plate; 23, first annular gasket; 25, first annular groove; 27, insulating member; 28, upper cover plate; 29, lower cover plate; 30, second unpacking member; 31, step structure; 32, through hole; 33, dividing rib plate; 34, third insulating sealant layer; 35, sealing ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0082] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more apparent and understandable, the following provides a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0083] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present utility model. However, the present utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0084] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top, bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, terms such as "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0085] The present utility model discloses a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device;

[0086] The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing in the same direction.

[0087] A rectangular housing is usually adopted. For the convenience of description, the length direction of the housing is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the housing is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the housing is defined as the z direction.

[0088] The present utility model does not make specific limitations on the housing structure, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0089] The first structure: includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is an open end) and end plates respectively fixed at the two open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0090] The second structure: includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the port parallel to the xy plane is an open end) and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate respectively fixed at the open ends at the top and bottom of the cylinder (i.e., the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both parallel to the xy plane, and the lower cover plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder);

[0091] A shared chamber is provided in the above housing.

[0092] It should be noted that:

[0093] The above-mentioned shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of each single battery. Through the electrolyte shared chamber, each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single battery; improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. Here, the electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel extending along the length direction of the outer shell between the bottom plate of the outer shell and each single battery. This liquid channel can be integrally formed with the bottom plate of the outer shell, or can be formed by arranging support members between the lower cover plate of the single battery and the bottom plate of the outer shell.

[0094] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas shared chamber provided on the top plate of the outer shell. The gas shared chamber covers the gas ports on the tops of each single battery in the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that the gas port here has the following two meanings:

[0095] 1) The gas port is a first through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate of the single battery and penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery;

[0096] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery through this gas port. Based on the gas shared chamber, the gas areas of each single battery can be connected to achieve gas balance, enabling each single battery to share gas to ensure the consistency of each single battery, and improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent; when any single battery has a thermal runaway, the flue gas in the inner cavity of this single battery enters the gas shared chamber and is discharged through the gas shared chamber, improving the safety of this large-capacity battery.

[0097] 2) The gas port is a pressure relief port or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the single battery, and a pressure relief membrane is provided at this pressure relief port or explosion-proof port;

[0098] At this time, the gas shared chamber is used as a pressure relief channel. When the pressure relief membrane at the gas port of any single battery is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of this single battery is connected to the gas shared chamber, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas shared chamber, improving the safety of this large-capacity battery.

[0099] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. Through one gas-liquid shared chamber, each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0100] For the convenience of electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries, first avoidance holes are opened on the outer shell top plate (in the outer shell of the first structure, the outer shell top plate here is the cylinder top plate; in the outer shell of the second structure, the outer shell top plate here is the upper cover plate) corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery; the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the corresponding first avoidance holes to serve as the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, and the area of the outer shell top plate corresponding to the first avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single battery housing, so that the first avoidance hole part of the outer shell top plate is sealed.

[0101] The present utility model contemplates that after the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the first avoidance holes, a third insulating and sealing glue layer is laid in the annular gap between the polarity terminals and the first avoidance holes to achieve fixed sealing between the area of the outer shell top plate corresponding to the first avoidance holes and the upper cover plate of the single battery.

[0102] It should be noted that the polarity terminal of the single battery described here can be the pole column of the single battery. If it is to avoid that the pole column of the single battery as the polarity terminal cannot smoothly extend out of the first avoidance hole or the height of extending out of the first avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole column adapter can also be connected to the pole column of the single battery, and the overall structure of the cooperation of the pole column of the single battery and the pole column adapter is used as the polarity terminal of the single battery.

[0103] The heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation of the large-capacity battery or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0104] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above large-capacity battery, the present utility model adopts an inventive concept similar to that of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, that is, mainly conducts heat exchange on the polarity terminals of single batteries where heat is relatively concentrated. However, different from Chinese Patent CN118299714A, the present utility model contemplates that by optimizing the heat exchange structure and adopting a direct heat exchange method, the polarity terminals are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium to achieve heat exchange of the polarity terminals; compared with the effect of the heat exchange medium indirectly exchanging heat with the polarity terminals through a heat exchange component, first, it has a shorter heat exchange path, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; second, it has a larger heat exchange area, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and thus can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0105] Based on this inventive concept, the utility model abandons the heat exchange element and directly forms a heat exchange device at the top of the housing. Specifically, a hollow box body with one end open is used as the heat exchange device, and the space between the hollow box body and the top plate of the housing is used as the heat exchange medium flow cavity. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, a part of the structure of the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0106] It should be noted that:

[0107] 1. Since the polar terminal of the utility model is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, as well as suitable working temperature, long life, non-corrosive, etc. In the utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil, fluorinated liquid, etc.;

[0108] 2. If the heat exchange device is in contact with the polar terminal and the heat exchange device is conductive, the positive and negative polar terminals of the same single cell are directly conducted through the heat exchange device, resulting in a short circuit; therefore, the heat exchange device is preferably made of an insulating material; when a non-insulating material is used, an insulating sealing ring can be added between the polar terminal and the heat exchange device to overcome this problem; the heat exchange device can also be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping an insulating film, etc.; for safety reasons, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to overcome this problem;

[0109] 3. When a liquid heat exchange medium is used, it is necessary to ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange device, especially at the part where the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device.

[0110] The following will describe the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0111] Embodiment 1

[0112] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, they are respectively the structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery assembly of this embodiment.

[0113] It can be seen from the figure that the large-capacity battery assembly of this embodiment includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device 4.

[0114] The large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and a plurality of single cells 2 arranged in the housing 1 along the x direction.

[0115] The single cell 2 in this embodiment is a square shell battery, and the number is 12. The inner cavity of each single cell 2 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area. In other embodiments, the number of single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0116] As Figure 6 shown, the single cell 2 of this embodiment includes a housing, and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the housing; wherein the housing is enclosed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly, and an upper cover assembly.

[0117] The lower cover assembly of this embodiment includes a lower cover plate 29, and a second opening member 30 can also be provided on the lower cover plate 29. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the second opening member 30 can be separated from the lower cover plate 29 of the single cell 2, and a through hole 32 communicating with the inner cavity of the housing is formed in the lower cover plate 29; the second opening member 30 is a conventional structure, for example, the opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. can be adopted.

[0118] The upper cover assembly includes an upper cover plate 28 and two polar terminals 21 located on the upper cover plate 28. The polarities of the two polar terminals 21 are opposite, and they are respectively used as the positive and negative polar terminals 21 of the single cell 2.

[0119] It should be noted that insulation is maintained between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28. The way to maintain insulation can be pouring insulating glue or setting an insulating rubber sleeve, etc. As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, an insulating rubber sleeve is used to achieve insulation between the two. For the convenience of description, the member that realizes insulation between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28 is defined as an insulating member 27; the material of the insulating member 27 can adopt the insulating material between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28 in the prior art. In addition, the connection manner of the insulating member 27 with the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28 can also adopt relevant prior art, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0120] A first opening member can also be provided on the upper cover plate 28 of this embodiment. The first opening member is located between the two polar terminals 21. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the first opening member can be separated from the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2, and a through hole 32 communicating with the inner cavity of the housing is formed in the upper cover plate 28; the first opening member also adopts a conventional structure, for example, the first opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. can be adopted. The structure of the first opening member can be the same as or different from that of the second opening member 30.

[0121] As Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, a first avoidance hole 3 allowing the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 to protrude is formed in the outer shell top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery in this embodiment; in this embodiment, the polar terminal 21 of the single battery 2 is the pole column of the single battery 2, and this pole column has a higher height compared to the pole column of a conventional single battery 2. The polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 protrude out of the corresponding first avoidance holes 3, and the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single battery 2.

[0122] Generally, the following solutions can be adopted to achieve sealing:

[0123] Solution 1: The polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 protrude out of the corresponding first avoidance holes 3, and a sealing connecting member is added between the first avoidance holes 3 and the polar terminals 21 to achieve the fixed sealing of the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance holes 3 and the housing of the single battery 2.

[0124] The sealing connecting member includes a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the single battery 2, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected to the second area of the outer shell top plate 11; the first area is the area around any polar terminal 21 on the upper cover plate 28 of any single battery 2 of the single battery 2; among them, the area around the polar terminal 21 is the area around the insulating member 27 on the polar terminal 21. The second area is the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the first avoidance holes 3 on the outer shell top plate 11. The area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 is the peripheral area of the outer surface of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the first avoidance holes 3; or the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 is the hole wall of the first avoidance hole 3.

[0125] Solution 2: Glue is injected into the annular gap between the first avoidance hole 3 and the polar terminal 21 to achieve the fixed sealing of the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 and the housing of the single battery 2.

[0126] Compared with Solution 1, Solution 2 does not require a welding process, has a simple process and is easy to operate. Therefore, this embodiment adopts Solution 2.

[0127] In order to improve the stability of the glue layer in the annular gap, at least part of the structure of the insulating member 27 sleeved on each polar terminal 21 in this embodiment extends into the first avoidance hole 3 on the outer shell top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery, which is convenient for bonding with the third insulating sealing glue layer 34 located in the first avoidance hole 3. Further, the upper end surface of the insulating member 27 can be slightly higher than the plane where the upper surface of the outer shell top plate is located.

[0128] It should be noted that in order to facilitate the display of the first avoidance hole 3, Figure 4 no third insulating sealing glue layer 34 is provided in the annular gap between one side of the first avoidance hole 3 and the insulating member 27.

[0129] It can also be seen from Figure 5 that for each single cell 2 in this embodiment, the insulating member 27 sleeved on the polar terminal 21 extends into the corresponding first avoidance hole 3, and a third insulating sealant is injected into the annular gap between the insulating member 27 and the first avoidance hole 3 to form a third insulating sealant layer 34, so as to realize the fixed seal between the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 and the housing of the single cell 2.

[0130] When the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 fits tightly with the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2, the third insulating sealant liquid may not penetrate into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1. However, when there is a large gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2, during the process of injecting the third insulating sealant into the annular gap, under the action of gravity, the third insulating sealant liquid will inevitably flow into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 from the annular gap and the gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2. When the third insulating sealant liquid contains substances that can react with the electrolyte, it may affect the battery performance.

[0131] To overcome this problem, as Figure 5 shown, in this embodiment, a sealing ring 35 is sleeved around the polar terminals 21 of each single cell 2. The bottom surface of the sealing ring 35 is in close contact with the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2, and the top surface of the sealing ring 35 is in close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11. In addition to playing a role in blocking the glue, the sealing ring 35 also has a sealing effect. Cooperating with the third insulating sealant, a better sealing effect can be achieved. To further improve the sealing performance, the inner ring surface of the sealing ring 35 is in close contact with the insulating member 27. An L-shaped sealing ring can also be used. The horizontal sealing surface of the L-shaped sealing ring is crimped between the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2 and the outer shell top plate, and the vertical sealing surface of the L-shaped sealing ring is in close contact with the insulating member 27. The outer ring surface of the vertical sealing surface of the L-shaped sealing ring can also be in close contact with the hole wall of the first avoidance hole. Based on the fact that the vertical sealing surface can seal from the axial direction of the first avoidance hole, in addition, the vertical sealing surface is in contact with the hole wall of the first avoidance hole, which can position the L-shaped sealing ring and prevent the sealing ring from falling off or shifting during the installation process.

[0132] An annular groove can also be opened along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 21 or the insulating member 27 of the single cell 2. When injecting glue into the annular gap, the glue liquid penetrates into the annular groove, and a stop structure is formed at this part. The insulating sealant liquid that penetrates into the annular groove solidifies as a convex stop, and the annular groove serves as a concave stop. The two cooperate with each other so that the entire insulating sealant part is not easy to fall off.

[0133] The sealing ring 35 can be made of plastic material, which has certain elasticity and does not react with the electrolyte. The sealing ring 35 and the upper cover plate 28 of the corresponding single battery 2 may have no connection relationship, and it is only placed in the corresponding position, and the sealing ring 35 can be pressed tightly on the upper cover plate 28 of the corresponding single battery 2 by using the outer shell top plate 11; in order to prevent the sealing ring 35 from falling off or shifting during the installation process, the lower end of the sealing ring 35 can be bonded to the upper cover plate 28 of the corresponding single battery 2, and an annular groove for fixing the sealing ring 35 can also be pre-opened on the upper cover plate 28 of the single battery 2, and the sealing ring 35 can be fixed in the annular groove.

[0134] A support member 16 extending in the x direction is provided between the outer shell bottom plate 12 and each single battery 2 to form a second channel as the electrolyte sharing chamber 13.

[0135] On the outer shell top plate 11, a boss 17 extending in the x direction is provided, and a first channel is opened on the boss 17. The first channel communicates with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 and serves as the gas sharing chamber 14, which is connected to the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 2; when gas is generated in the inner cavity of the single battery 2, the inner cavity of the first channel can also serve as a gas accommodation chamber to relieve the problem of the outer shell 1 bulging caused by gas generation. In some other embodiments, the boss 17 structure may not be provided, and each single battery 2 can achieve gas communication through the through holes penetrating their inner cavities to achieve gas balance.

[0136] In some other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 or the gas sharing chamber 14 may be provided.

[0137] The heat exchange device 4 is arranged on the top of the outer shell 1. For the regularity of the large-capacity battery structure, a component having a shape and size adapted to the outer shell top plate 11 is usually used as the heat exchange device 4; after the heat exchange device 4 is fixed on the top of the outer shell 1, in the z direction, the polar terminal 21 penetrates the heat exchange device, that is, a part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as the electrical connection part 211.

[0138] The specific structure of the heat exchange device 4 can be referred to Figure 4 , which is a hollow box body with one end open and adapted to the size of the outer shell top plate 11. In this embodiment, the outer shell top plate 11 is a rectangular plate, so the hollow box body is a cubic box body. A second avoidance hole 51 corresponding to the polar terminal 21 of each single battery 2 is opened on the hollow box body top plate 5 opposite to the open end (see Figure 3 and Figure 5 ).

[0139] When fixing the heat exchange device 4 of such a structure to the top of the outer shell 1, it is necessary to buckle it on the top of the outer shell 1 and fixedly seal the open end with the outer shell 1 (the outer shell 1 here can be the top plate 11 of the outer shell, or the side plate of the outer shell 1. The side plates of the outer shell 1 here include the side plates of the outer shell 1 parallel to the xz plane and parallel to the yz plane); the space between the hollow box body and the top plate 11 of the outer shell is used as the heat exchange medium flow chamber, and partial structures of the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 are located in the heat exchange medium flow chamber. The electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 extend out of the corresponding second avoidance holes 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body, and a seal is provided between the polar terminals 21 and the corresponding second avoidance holes 51.

[0140] In this embodiment, partial structures of the polar terminals 21 are located inside the heat exchange device 4 and are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange device 4, having a good heat exchange effect; at the same time, the heat exchange medium can also be in direct contact with the top plate 11 of the outer shell and act on the top plate 11 of the outer shell, further improving the heat exchange effect of the large-capacity battery.

[0141] In this embodiment, a hollow box body with an open end made of an insulating material is selected and buckled on the top plate 11 of the outer shell. In order to ensure that the electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance holes 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body, the projected area of the second avoidance holes 51 in the xy plane needs to be slightly larger than the projected area of the corresponding electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, the vertical distance between the bottom end of the polar terminals 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body needs to be less than the size of the polar terminals 21; ensure that the corresponding electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance holes 51.

[0142] In some cases, the cross-sectional areas of the electrical connection parts 211 and the other parts of the polar terminals 21 are exactly equal. Therefore, it can be considered that only "the projected area of the second avoidance holes 51 in the xy plane is slightly larger than the projected area of the corresponding polar terminals 21 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, the vertical distance between the bottom end of the polar terminals 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body needs to be less than the size of the polar terminals 21" is required to ensure that the corresponding electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance holes 51.

[0143] Generally, the shape of the second avoidance hole 51 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21. If the second avoidance hole 51 is a circular hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21 is circular, then the diameter of the second avoidance hole 51 needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21. If the second avoidance hole 51 is a square hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21 is square, then the area of the second avoidance hole 51 needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21. Of course, the shape of the second avoidance hole 51 may not be adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21, as long as it is ensured that the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 and the sealing between the two can be achieved.

[0144] When the heat exchange medium is a liquid heat exchange medium, the sealing performance of the hollow box body is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the hollow box body, from Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a stepped structure 31 can be provided on the outer wall of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal, and a second insulating sealing adhesive layer 10 is laid on the stepped surface. When the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21 extends out of the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body, the area around the second avoidance hole 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body is pressed against the second insulating sealing adhesive layer 10. At the same time, the second insulating sealing adhesive layer 10 penetrates into the gap between the second avoidance hole 51 and the polar terminal 21, initially realizing the sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51. In this embodiment, a first annular sealing gasket 23 can also be sleeved on each polar terminal 21, and the inner ring surface of the first annular sealing gasket 23 is closely attached to the polar terminal 21, and the bottom surface is pressed against the top plate 5 of the hollow box body to perform secondary sealing on the gap between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51.

[0145] It should be noted that:

[0146] The material of the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the sealing connection method between the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the polar terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body can be selected according to the material of the top plate 5 of the hollow box body. For example, in this embodiment, the top plate 5 of the hollow box body adopts an insulating material. Therefore, a first annular sealing gasket 23 made of a metal material can be selected. The first annular sealing gasket 23 and the polar terminal 21 can be sealed and connected by welding, and the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body can be sealed and connected by bonding. When the top plate 5 of the hollow box body made of a metal material is used, the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the polar terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body can both be sealed and connected by welding.

[0147] In some other embodiments, an O-ring 35 can also be sleeved between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51 to achieve the sealing between the two.

[0148] An annular groove is provided on the housing top plate 11 (see Figure 5 ), an annular protrusion 43 matching the annular groove is provided on the open end face of the hollow box body, the annular protrusion 43 is inserted into the annular groove, and sealant is applied to the matching position to achieve sealing and fixation of the hollow box body and the top plate 11 of the outer shell; in some other embodiments, a flange connection can also be used to achieve sealing and fixation of the hollow box body and the outer shell 1.

[0149] In some other embodiments, a hollow box with one end open made of metal can be selected. In order to ensure insulation between the polarity terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51, an O-shaped insulating sealing ring 35 can be added between the two to achieve insulation and sealing between the two; the open end of the hollow box and the outer shell 1 can be sealed and fixed by welding.

[0150] In addition, when the heat exchange medium is a liquid heat exchange medium, when a battery pack is formed based on such large-capacity batteries, each large-capacity battery heat exchange device 4 can be connected in parallel or in series. Therefore, it is necessary to open a liquid inlet 18 and a liquid outlet on the heat exchange device 4, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet 18 and the liquid outlet ( Figure 3 Liquid port not shown).

[0151] It should be noted that if Figure 4 As shown, in the z direction, the height of the boss 17 for forming the gas sharing chamber 14 provided on the top plate 11 of the housing in this embodiment is lower than the height of the inner cavity of the hollow box.

[0152] Example 2

[0153] Different from the first embodiment, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell in the large-capacity battery. Figures 7 to 11 As can be seen in the figure, the polarity terminal 21 of this embodiment is cylindrical, with two first annular grooves 25 defined on the side of the polarity terminal 21. The two first annular grooves 25 are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 21, and each first annular groove 25 extends circumferentially along the side of the polarity terminal 21. The two first annular grooves can increase the heat exchange area of this part of the polarity terminal 21. When this part is placed in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4, it has a larger heat exchange area than the polarity terminal 21 with smooth side surfaces, thereby achieving better heat exchange effect.

[0154] In some other embodiments, the number of the first annular grooves 25 and their dimensions such as groove width and groove depth can be adjusted as required, specifically on the premise that the conductive performance of the polarity terminal 21 is not affected.

[0155] In some other embodiments, other structures may also be processed on the polar terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21. For the sake of convenience of description, in the present utility model, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures; such functional structures may include dot-shaped pits, protrusions, etc. on the side surface of the polar terminal 21; compared with the above functional structures, the first annular groove 25 structure of this embodiment is convenient for processing and has a lower processing cost.

[0156] In addition, the present utility model does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21. For example, different from this embodiment, in some other embodiments, a column with a rectangular cross-section may also be used as the polar terminal 21.

[0157] The remaining structures of the large-capacity battery assembly in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be described herein again.

[0158] Embodiment 3

[0159] Different from Embodiment 2, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the polar terminal 21 of the single battery in the large-capacity battery by using a functional structure different from that in Embodiment 2.

[0160] The single battery 2 shown is adopted in the large-capacity battery of this embodiment. Through holes 32 penetrating the polar terminal 21 are opened on both polar terminals 21 as functional structures to increase the heat exchange area between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange medium; as can be seen from Figure 12 and Figure 13 and Figure 14 , taking one through hole 32 as an example in this embodiment, on the premise of ensuring that the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 21 is not affected, the cross-sectional area of the through hole 32 can be increased as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect. In some other embodiments, two or more through holes 32 may also be opened, specifically on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 21.

[0161] In this embodiment, the central axis of the through hole 32 is parallel to the plane where the upper cover plate 28 is located. In some other embodiments, the extension line of the central axis of the through hole 32 may have a certain angle with the upper cover plate 28, as long as the angle is not equal to 90°.

[0162] In order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, four dividing rib plates 33 may also be provided in the through hole 32 in this embodiment. The four dividing rib plates 33 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole 32, and each dividing rib plate 33 extends along the axial direction of the through hole 32; based on the four dividing rib plates 33, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 21 can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area can be increased, and thus the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved.

[0163] In some other embodiments, according to the size of the channel, the number and arrangement of the dividing ribs 33 can be adjusted on the premise of not affecting the flow of the heat exchange medium.

[0164] Similar to Embodiment 1, a step structure 31 can also be provided on the side of the polar terminal 21, and the sealing between the heat exchange device 4 and the polar terminal 21 is realized based on the step structure 31. The sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange device 4 is the same as that in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0165] Embodiment 4

[0166] Different from the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the large-capacity battery assembly, part of the structure of the outer shell 1 is used as part of the structure of the heat exchange device 4 (a hollow box body with one end open).

[0167] Taking the example of using part of the structure of the outer shell 1 as part of the structure of the heat exchange device 4 (a hollow box body with one end open) in Embodiment 2. Specifically, as Figure 15 、 Figure 16 and Figure 17 shown, in this embodiment, part of the structure of the side plate of the outer shell 1 (this side plate is parallel to the xz plane) is used as the second side plate 45 of the heat exchange device 4 (the second side plate 45 is a side plate parallel to the xz plane).

[0168] The following will Figure 18 and Figure 19 , be used to elaborate on the structure of the outer shell 1 in this embodiment in detail.

[0169] As Figure 18 shown, it is an exploded schematic diagram of the outer shell 1 in this embodiment. The outer shell 1 is disassembled into a cylindrical body 19 with both ends open and end plates 20 covering the open ends of the cylindrical body 19. Among them, the structure of the cylindrical body 19 is as Figure 19 shown. Both ends of the cylindrical body 19 are open ends, that is, the open ends of the cylindrical body 19 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the side plate 191 of the cylindrical body is higher than the height of the top plate 192 of the cylindrical body; the part of the side plate 191 of the cylindrical body that is higher than the top plate 192 of the cylindrical body is used as the second side plate 45 of the heat exchange device 4.

[0170] In the top plate 192 of the cylindrical body, a gas sharing chamber 14 is provided along the x direction, and the gas sharing chamber 14 is communicated with the inner cavity gas area of each single battery 2.

[0171] This cylindrical body 19 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient for processing. At the same time, it has good sealing performance compared with the split structure.

[0172] This embodiment can form the heat exchange device 4 through the following process:

[0173] As Figure 17As shown, the two first side panels 44 of the heat exchange device 4 are respectively fixed and sealed at the two ends of the two second side panels 45, and the hollow box top panel 5 is sealed and fixed to the first side panels 44 and the second side panels 45; the installation order of the hollow box top panel 5 and the first side panel 44 is not specifically limited, that is, the hollow box top panel 5 can be installed first and then the first side panel 44, or the first side panel 44 can be installed first and then the hollow box top panel 5.

[0174] like Figure 16 As shown, in order to facilitate the fixation of the hollow box top plate 5, this embodiment provides a step structure on the cylinder side plate 191, and lays a second insulating sealant layer 10 on the step surface. The hollow box top plate 5 is sealed and fixed to the cylinder side plate 191 through the second insulating sealant layer 10.

[0175] In some other embodiments, the two first side panels 44 may be integrated with the end panel 20 of the outer shell 1 , and when constructing the heat exchange device 4 , it is only necessary to fix the hollow box top panel 5 .

[0176] Example 5

[0177] Unlike the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a dividing member 6 is provided in the heat exchange device 4 along the x direction to divide the heat exchange device 4 into a first sub-heat exchange device 41 and a second sub-heat exchange device 42; the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 2 on one side passes through the first sub-heat exchange device 41, and the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 2 on the other side passes through the second sub-heat exchange device 42.

[0178] Figures 20 to 22 For example, based on Example 4, a partitioning member 6 is added. Specifically, a partitioning member 6 extending along the x-direction is provided within a hollow housing with one end open, dividing the hollow housing into a first sub-hollow housing and a second sub-hollow housing. The first sub-hollow housing and the second sub-hollow housing serve as the first sub-heat exchange device 41 and the second sub-heat exchange device 42, respectively. In the z-direction, the polarity terminals 21 of each battery cell 2 on one side extend out of the top plate 52 of the first sub-hollow housing, corresponding to the second avoidance hole 51. The polarity terminals 21 of each battery cell 2 on the other side extend out of the top plate 53 of the second sub-hollow housing, corresponding to the second avoidance hole 51.

[0179] like Figure 20 As shown, in this embodiment, the boss 17 provided on the shell top plate 11 for forming the gas sharing chamber 14 is used as the dividing member 6. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are completely independent, the size of the boss 17 is larger than the size of the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4 in the z direction, and the hollow box body top plate 5 is divided into the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate; the two long edges of the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively sealed and fixed to the cylinder side plate 191 and the boss 17; that is, see Figure 20, the first sub-top plate is hermetically fixed as the top plate 52 of the first sub-hollow box body between one of the cylinder side plates 191 and the boss 17; the second sub-top plate is hermetically fixed as the top plate 53 of the second sub-hollow box body between the other cylinder side plate 191 and the boss 17.

[0180] From Figure 20 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a stepped structure is provided on the boss 17, a second insulating sealant layer 10 is laid on the stepped surface, and the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are press-fitted and fixed on the second insulating sealant layer 10 to achieve fixation.

[0181] In some other embodiments, in the z direction, the size of the boss 17 can be slightly smaller than the inner cavity size of the heat exchange device 4, such as Figure 21 As shown, in this case, it is necessary to ensure the sealing between the top end of the boss 17 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body.

[0182] In some other embodiments, the split member 6 as shown in Figure 22 can also be used to divide the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body, which are respectively used as the first sub-heat exchange device 41 and the second sub-heat exchange device 42; Figure 22 In , a baffle is directly arranged on the inner surface of the top plate 5 of the hollow box body along the x direction. After the top plate 5 of the hollow box body is fixed on the cylinder side plate 191, the baffle is tightly sealed with the top plate 11 of the outer shell.

[0183] The first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body can be connected in parallel or in series. For example, as shown in Figure 23 , Figure 24 and Figure 25 Shown, taking the series connection method as an example; Figure 23 In , communication interfaces are opened on the first side plates 44 of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body, which can be respectively defined as a first through hole and a second through hole. Based on the external connecting pipe 7, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected to realize the series connection of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body; Figure 24 and Figure 25 In , a through hole 8 (the through hole 8 is independent of the first channel serving as the gas sharing chamber 14, that is, the two are isolated from each other) connecting the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body is directly opened on the boss 17 to realize the series connection of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body; compared with the structure shown in Figure 23 Shown structure, Figure 24 The structure is relatively simple, and at the same time, the size of the large-capacity battery in the length direction can be reduced, and the energy density of such large-capacity batteries can be improved.

[0184] Embodiment 6

[0185] Different from the above embodiments, in this embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiments, a first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 is laid on the top of the heat exchange device 4.

[0186] The specific structure is as Figure 26 and Figure 27 shown. Taking the addition of the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 on the basis of Embodiment 5 as an example, the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 covers the top surfaces of the first sub-hollow box body top plate 52, the second sub-hollow box body top plate 53, and the boss 17.

[0187] Figures 26 to 27 It can be seen that the electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 in this embodiment all extend out of the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 to facilitate connection with the electrical connection component assembly. The electrical connection component assembly is an electrical connection component for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 2 in the large-capacity battery and / or the series connection of adjacent large-capacity batteries.

[0188] Laying the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 on the top of the heat exchange device 4 has at least the following advantages:

[0189] First, further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange device 4;

[0190] Specifically, the first insulating and sealing adhesive constituting the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 penetrates into the gap between the second avoidance hole 51 and the polar terminal 21, and further seals this gap radially; the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 covers the connection parts of the first sub-hollow box body top plate 52 and the boss 17 and the second sub-hollow box body top plate 53 and the boss 17, which can further improve the sealing performance of this part.

[0191] Second, prevent condensation;

[0192] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange device 4, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short-circuit problem; by laying the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9 on the top of the heat exchange device 4, when condensation occurs on the surface of the heat exchange device 4, under the protection of the first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 9, the occurrence of battery short-circuit can be prevented.

[0193] Embodiment 7

[0194] Different from the above embodiments, as Figure 28 and Figure 29 ​As shown, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment further includes an electrical connector assembly 22; the electrical connector assembly 22 includes a first electrical connector 221 and a second electrical connector 222, wherein the first electrical connector 221 is a long strip-shaped electrical connecting plate extending along the x-direction and connected to the electrical connecting portions 211 of the polarity terminals 21 of all the single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery on the same side, thereby realizing parallel connection of the single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery; the second electrical connector 222 is a Z-shaped connecting plate corresponding to the polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 one-to-one, with one end connected to the electrical connecting portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 of the corresponding single cell 2, and the other end being a free end for connecting to the free end of the second electrical connector 222 of another large-capacity battery, thereby realizing series connection between the large-capacity batteries.

[0195] In this embodiment, after the electrical connection assembly is connected to the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2, a first insulating sealant layer 9 is laid on top of the heat exchange device 4. That is, the first insulating sealant layer 9 completely covers the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2 and the connection portion between the electrical connection assembly and the polarity terminal 21. In the entire large-capacity battery, after the outer shell 1 is insulated, only the free end of the second electrical connector 222 is exposed and charged, and the rest of the parts are insulated, which makes this type of large-capacity battery have higher safety performance.

Claims

1. A large-capacity battery component, characterized in that: It includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction, the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all single cells; first avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding first avoidance holes, an annular gap is formed between the first avoidance holes and the polarity terminals, and a third insulating and sealing adhesive layer is arranged in the annular gap; The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one end open; the open end of the hollow box body is hermetically fixed to the top plate of the housing, and the cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate of the housing is used as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; a partial structure of the polarity terminal of the single cell is located in the insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; second avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the hollow box body corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell, and the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding second avoidance holes; and it is sealed between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole.

2. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein: An insulating member is sleeved on each polarity terminal, and the polarity terminal is fixed on the upper cover plate through the insulating member; at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the avoidance hole and is bonded to the third insulating and sealing adhesive layer in the avoidance hole.

3. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the insulating member is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the top plate of the housing is located.

4. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 3, wherein: It further includes a plurality of sealing rings corresponding to the polarity terminals one by one; the sealing rings are sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminals, the bottom surface of the sealing ring is closely attached to the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the top surface of the sealing ring is closely attached to the inner surface of the top plate of the housing; the third insulating and sealing adhesive layer is located on the sealing ring.

5. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 4, wherein: The sealing ring is an L-shaped sealing ring; the L-shaped sealing ring includes a horizontal sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface; the bottom surface of the horizontal sealing surface is closely attached to the upper cover plate of the single cell, the top surface of the horizontal sealing surface is closely attached to the inner surface of the top plate of the housing; the outer peripheral surface of the vertical sealing surface is closely attached to the inner wall of the avoidance hole.

6. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 2, wherein: Functional structures are provided on the polarity terminals of the single cells; the functional structures are used to increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminals; the parts of the polarity terminals of the single cells where the functional structures are provided are located in the insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity.

7. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side surface of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

8. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The functional structure is at least one through hole opened on the polarity terminal, and the through hole penetrates the polarity terminal along the x direction.

9. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of dividing rib plates are arranged on the inner wall of the through hole; the plurality of dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole.

10. The large-capacity battery assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The top plate of the hollow box body and the side plate of the hollow box body are separate parts; The housing includes a cylinder body with both ends open and end plates sealed at the two open ends of the cylinder body; the end plates are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the side plate of the cylinder body is higher than the top plate of the cylinder body, and the part where the side plate of the cylinder body is higher than the top plate of the cylinder body is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body, and the second side plate is the side plate of the hollow box body parallel to the xz plane.

11. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 10, wherein: The heat exchange device further includes a dividing member arranged in the hollow box body; the dividing member extends along the x direction and divides the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body; In the z direction, the polar terminals of each single cell on one side protrude from the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body corresponding to the second avoidance hole, and the polar terminals of each single cell on the other side protrude from the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body corresponding to the second avoidance hole.

12. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: The dividing member is a boss provided on the top plate of the outer shell and extending in the x direction; The shared chamber includes a gas shared chamber and an electrolyte shared chamber; The gas shared chamber is a first channel opened on the boss and extending in the x direction, and the first channel covers above the gas ports of each single cell; The electrolyte shared chamber is a second channel provided on the bottom plate of the outer shell and extending in the x direction, and the second channel communicates with the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell.

13. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that: In the z direction, the size of the boss is larger than the size of the inner cavity of the hollow box body; The top plate of the hollow box body includes a first sub-top plate and a second sub-top plate; The first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively sealed and fixed between the side plates of the two cylinders and the boss, and serve as the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body and the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body respectively.

14. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 13, wherein: The first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are connected in series.

15. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that: A through hole extending in the y direction is opened in the boss, and the through hole is independent of the first channel; the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body communicate through the through hole.

16. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of first annular gaskets corresponding to the polar terminals one by one; A first step structure is provided on the side surface of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal; A step structure is provided on the outer wall of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal; the step surface is coated with a second insulating sealant layer, and the top plate of the hollow box body is crimped on the second insulating sealant layer to achieve preliminary sealing between the polar terminal and the second avoidance hole; A corresponding first annular gasket is sleeved on each polar terminal, and the inner ring surface of the first annular gasket is closely attached to the polar terminal, and the bottom surface is crimped on the top plate of the hollow box body to perform secondary sealing on the gap between the polar terminal and the second avoidance hole.

17. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 10, wherein: A first insulating sealant layer is provided on the top of the heat exchange device.

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