High-capacity battery assembly

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a high-capacity battery assembly. Comprising a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device, the high-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged in an inner cavity of the shell along the x direction; the shell is provided with a shared cavity communicated with inner cavities of all the single batteries; a plurality of first avoiding holes are formed in the top plate of the shell; the polar terminal of each single battery extends out of the first avoiding hole; a functional structure is arranged on the part, extending out of the first avoiding hole, of the polar terminal of each single battery, and the functional structure is used for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal; the heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one open end; the open end of the hollow box is hermetically fixed with the top plate of the shell; the parts, provided with functional structures, of the polar terminals of the single batteries are positioned in the hollow box body; a plurality of second avoiding holes are formed in the top plate of the hollow box body, the electric connecting parts of the polar terminals of the single batteries extend out of the corresponding second avoiding holes, and the polar terminals and the second avoiding holes are sealed. According to the utility model, the heat exchange effect of the high-capacity battery can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a large-capacity battery assembly. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the market, multiple single cells are connected in parallel, in series, or in series-parallel to form a large-capacity battery (which can also be called a battery module or a battery pack).

[0003] However, there are differences among the single cells in the existing large-capacity batteries. Due to the existence of the cask effect, the entire large-capacity battery is often affected by the single cell with the worst performance, resulting in a great limitation on the capacity upper limit and the number of charge-discharge cycles of the whole large-capacity battery. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the single cells in the large-capacity battery has become the focus and difficulty in this field.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese Patent CN220797038U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is as Figure 1 shown. Such a large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and multiple single cells 2.

[0005] Define the length direction of the housing 1 as the x direction, the width direction as the y direction, and the height direction as the z direction;

[0006] The multiple single cells 2 are arranged along the x direction in the inner cavity of the housing 1;

[0007] The bottom plate 12 of the housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 13, and the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is communicated with the electrolyte regions in the inner cavities of the respective single cells 2; the electrolytes in the inner cavities of the respective single cells 2 are communicated through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, so that the electrolytes of all the single cells 2 are in the same system, reducing the differences between the electrolytes of the respective single cells 2, and to a certain extent improving the consistency among the single cells 2, thereby to a certain extent improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0008] The top plate 11 of the housing is provided with first avoidance holes 3 through which the polarity terminals 21 of the respective single cells 2 can extend; the polarity terminals 21 of the respective single cells 2 extend out of the first avoidance holes 3, and the area of the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to the first avoidance holes 3 is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate of the single cell 2.

[0009] It should be noted that the above-mentioned polarity terminals 21 of the single cell 2 can be the electrode posts of the single cell 2. If it is necessary to avoid that the electrode posts of the single cell 2 cannot smoothly extend out of the first avoidance holes 3 or the height of extending out of the first avoidance holes 3 does not meet the set requirements, a pole post adapter can also be connected to the electrode post of the single cell 2, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the electrode post of the single cell 2 and the pole post adapter is used as the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0010] During the use of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, heat will be generated. If heat exchange is not timely, it will cause a significant reduction in the battery life, an increase in energy loss, and even potential safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery.

[0011] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, Chinese Patent CN118299714A discloses a large-capacity battery. As Figure 2 shown, the patent opens a card slot at the polar terminal 21 part where the large-capacity battery extends out of the first avoidance hole 3, and fixes the heat exchange element 01 in the card slot, which can effectively realize the heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. Moreover, the larger the contact area between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange element 01, the better the heat exchange effect, that is, the larger the surface area of the card slot, the larger its contact area with the heat exchange element 01, and the better the heat exchange effect achieved. However, when the surface area of the card slot is too large, it will affect the overall structure of the polar terminal 21, and then affect its electrical conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a large-capacity battery assembly, which, without affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal, optimizes the heat exchange structure, shortens the heat exchange path, increases the heat exchange area, and improves the heat exchange performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0013] The present utility model provides a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device;

[0014] The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction, the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all single cells; on the top plate of the housing, first avoidance holes are opened corresponding to the polar terminals of each single cell; the polar terminals of each single cell extend out of the first avoidance holes, and the area of the housing top plate corresponding to the first avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the single cell housing;

[0015] A functional structure is provided on the part where the polar terminal of each single cell extends out of the first avoidance hole, and this functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal;

[0016] The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one end open; the open end of the hollow box body is fixedly sealed with the top plate of the housing, and the cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate of the housing is used as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; the part of the polar terminal of the single cell with the functional structure is located in the insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; on the top plate of the hollow box body, second avoidance holes are opened corresponding to the polar terminals of each single cell, and the electrical connection parts of the polar terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding second avoidance holes, and there is a seal between the polar terminal and the second avoidance hole.

[0017] In the present utility model, a heat exchange device is directly arranged on the top of a large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a cavity for accommodating a heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, the part of the polar terminal with a functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0018] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium directly acts on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; secondly, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "a card slot with a certain surface area" to "a part of the structure of the polar terminal located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; finally, on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal, a functional structure is arranged on the polar terminal to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal. The part with the functional structure is placed inside the heat exchange device to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus can obtain a better heat exchange effect. At the same time, a hollow box body with one end open is used as the heat exchange device, and the heat exchange medium can also be in direct contact with the outer shell top plate and directly act on the outer shell top plate, further improving the heat exchange effect of such large-capacity batteries.

[0019] Further, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal. The annular grooves are relatively convenient to process, making the polar terminal have a lower cost.

[0020] Further, the functional structure can also be a through hole opened on the polar terminal. The through hole penetrates the polar terminal in the x direction. Multiple dividing rib plates can also be arranged on the inner wall of the through hole; the multiple dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole. By arranging the dividing rib plates in the through hole, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal can be further increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect. In addition, the multiple dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, making the temperature uniformity of each part of the polar terminal better. Each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole, without affecting the fluidity of the heat transfer medium in the through hole.

[0021] Further, the top plate of the hollow box body and the side plates of the hollow box body are separate components; the outer shell includes a cylinder with both ends open and end plates sealed at the two open ends of the cylinder; the end plates are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the side plates of the cylinder are higher than the top plate of the cylinder, and the part where the side plates of the cylinder are higher than the top plate of the cylinder is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body, where the second side plate is the side plate of the hollow box body parallel to the xz plane. The cylinder can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is simple and convenient to process. At the same time, part of the structure of the side plates of the cylinder is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body. When constructing the heat exchange device, only the top plate and the first side plate of the hollow box body need to be fixed.

[0022] Further, the heat exchange device further includes a dividing member disposed in the hollow box body; the dividing member extends in the x direction and divides the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body;

[0023] In the z direction, the polar terminals of each single battery on one side extend out of the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body corresponding to the second avoidance holes, and the polar terminals of each single battery on the other side extend out of the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body corresponding to the second avoidance holes.

[0024] When the large-capacity battery includes a large number of single batteries, the size of the large-capacity battery in the x direction is relatively large. Correspondingly, the size of the hollow box body in the x direction is also relatively large, which may lead to easy deformation of the top plate of the hollow box body in the z direction. After adding the dividing member, the top plate of the hollow box body can be supported, and this kind of problem can be well improved.

[0025] Further, the dividing member is a convex platform disposed on the top plate of the outer shell and extending in the x direction;

[0026] The shared chamber includes a gas shared chamber and an electrolyte shared chamber;

[0027] The gas shared chamber is a first channel opened on the convex platform and extending in the x direction, and this first channel covers above the gas ports of each single battery;

[0028] The electrolyte shared chamber is a second channel disposed on the bottom plate of the outer shell and extending in the x direction, and this second channel communicates with the electrolyte regions in the inner cavities of each single battery.

[0029] Using the structure of the large-capacity battery itself (the convex platform for forming the gas shared chamber) as the dividing member, without the need to introduce additional external structures, it has a simple structure and a low processing cost at the same time.

[0030] Further, in the z direction, the size of the convex platform is larger than the inner cavity size of the hollow box body;

[0031] The top plate of the hollow box body includes a first sub-top plate and a second sub-top plate;

[0032] The first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively sealed and fixed between the two cylindrical side plates and the boss, serving as the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body and the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body respectively.

[0033] Compared with the structure where the top plate of the hollow box body is a whole plate, it can save the material of the top plate of the hollow box body and reduce the cost.

[0034] Furthermore, the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are connected in series.

[0035] Furthermore, a through hole extending in the y direction is opened on the boss, and the through hole is isolated from the first channel; the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are communicated through the through hole. Opening a through hole directly on the boss (i.e., the dividing member), compared with the scheme of introducing an external connecting pipe, can reduce the volume of the entire large-capacity battery and simplify its structure, making such large-capacity batteries have a higher energy density.

[0036] Furthermore, the following method can be used to achieve the seal between the second avoidance hole and the corresponding polarity terminal:

[0037] A first-level step structure is arranged on the side wall of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; it is achieved by introducing a plurality of first annular sealing gaskets corresponding to the polarity terminal one by one and cooperating with the limiting structure with the step structure:

[0038] Specifically, a step structure is provided on the outer wall of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; the step surface is coated with a second insulating sealant layer, and the top plate of the hollow box body is crimped on the second insulating sealant layer to achieve a preliminary seal between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole;

[0039] The first annular sealing gasket is sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminal, and the inner ring surface of the first annular sealing gasket is closely attached to the polarity terminal, and the bottom surface is crimped on the top plate of the hollow box body to perform a secondary seal on the gap between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole.

[0040] Furthermore, a first insulating sealant layer is provided on the top of the heat exchange device. Based on the first insulating sealant layer, first, it can avoid the short-circuit problem caused by the external condensation of the heat exchange device, and second, it can further improve the sealing performance of the entire heat exchange device.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0042] The present utility model directly sets a heat exchange device on the top of the large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as the accommodation cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, the part of the polarity terminal with the functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as the electrical connection part.

[0043] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, first, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange component - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. Second, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "the card slot with a certain surface area" to "the partial structure of the polar terminal located in the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. Finally, on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal, a functional structure is set on the polar terminal to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal. The part with the functional structure is placed in the heat exchange device to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus can obtain a better heat exchange effect. At the same time, a hollow box body with one end open is used as the heat exchange device, and the heat exchange medium can also be in direct contact with the top plate of the outer shell and act directly on the top plate of the outer shell, further improving the heat exchange effect of such large-capacity batteries. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background technology;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another large-capacity battery in the background technology;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the single battery in Embodiment 1;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 1;

[0052] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the single battery in Embodiment 2;

[0053] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0054] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0055] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0056] Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0057] Figure 14 It is a schematic partial explosion structure diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0058] Figure 15 It is a schematic explosion structure diagram of the outer shell of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0059] Figure 16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder body of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3;

[0060] Figure 17 It is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4;

[0061] Figure 18 It is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in other embodiments;

[0062] Figure 19 It is a cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in other embodiments;

[0063] Figure 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4;

[0064] Figure 21 It is a cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4;

[0065] Figure 22 It is a schematic partial explosion structure diagram of another large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4;

[0066] Figure 23 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0067] Figure 24 It is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0068] Figure 25 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 6;

[0069] Figure 26 It is a schematic partial explosion structure diagram of a large-capacity battery in Embodiment 6;

[0070] The reference signs in the figure are:

[0071] 01. Heat exchange member; 1. Outer shell, 11. Outer shell top plate; 12. Outer shell bottom plate; 13. Electrolyte sharing chamber; 14. Gas sharing chamber; 2. Monomer battery; 21. Polarity terminal; 211. Electrical connection part; 22. Electrical connection component assembly; 221. First electrical connection; 222. Second electrical connection; 3. First avoidance hole; 4. Heat exchange device; 41. First sub-heat exchange device; 42. Second sub-heat exchange device; 43. Annular protrusion; 44. First side plate; 45. Second side plate; 5. Hollow box top plate; 51. Second avoidance hole; 52. First sub-hollow box top plate; 53. Second sub-hollow box top plate; 6. Partition member; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Through hole; 9. First insulating sealant layer; 10. Second insulating sealant layer; 15. Sealing connection; 16. Support member; 17. Boss; 18. Liquid inlet; 19. Cylinder; 191. Cylinder side plate; 192. Cylinder top plate; 20. End plate; 23. First annular gasket; 25. First annular groove; 27. Insulating rubber sleeve; 28. Upper cover plate; 29. Lower cover plate; 30. Second unpacking part; 31. Step structure; 32. Through hole; 33. Partition rib plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0072] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more apparent and understandable, the following will describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0073] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present utility model. However, the present utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0074] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top, bottom" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, terms such as "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] The present utility model discloses a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device;

[0076] The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the same direction and placed in the inner cavity of the housing.

[0077] A rectangular housing is usually adopted. For the convenience of description, the length direction of the housing is defined as the x-direction, the width direction of the housing is defined as the y-direction, and the height direction of the housing is defined as the z-direction.

[0078] The present utility model does not specifically limit the structure of the housing, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0079] The first structure: includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is an open end) and end plates respectively fixed to the two open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0080] The second structure: includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the ports parallel to the xy plane are open ends) and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate respectively fixed to the open ends at the top and bottom of the cylinder (i.e., both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are parallel to the xy plane, and the lower cover plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder);

[0081] A shared chamber is provided in the above-mentioned housing.

[0082] It should be noted that:

[0083] The above-mentioned shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of each single cell. Through the electrolyte shared chamber, each single cell can be in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell; improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. The electrolyte shared chamber described here is a liquid channel extending along the length direction of the housing between the bottom plate of the housing and each single cell, and this liquid channel can be integrally formed with the bottom plate of the housing or formed by setting support members between the lower cover plate of the single cell and the bottom plate of the housing.

[0084] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas shared chamber provided on the top plate of the housing, and the gas shared chamber covers the gas ports on the tops of each single cell in the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that the gas port here includes the following two meanings:

[0085] 1) The gas port is a first through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate of the single cell and penetrating the inner cavity of the single cell;

[0086] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber is communicated with the gas areas of the inner cavities of each single battery through the gas port. Based on the gas sharing chamber, the gas areas of each single battery can be communicated to achieve gas balance, enabling the gas sharing of each single battery to ensure the consistency of each single battery, and improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent; when thermal runaway occurs in any single battery, the flue gas in the inner cavity of the single battery enters the gas sharing chamber and is discharged through the gas sharing chamber, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0087] 2) The gas port is a burst vent or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the single battery, and a burst diaphragm is provided at the burst vent or explosion-proof port;

[0088] At this time, the gas sharing chamber is used as a burst vent passage. When the burst diaphragm at the gas port of any single battery is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the single battery is communicated with the gas sharing chamber, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas sharing chamber, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0089] The above-mentioned sharing chamber can also be a gas-liquid sharing chamber. Through a gas-liquid sharing chamber, each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0090] To facilitate the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries, first avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the outer shell (in the outer shell of the first structure, the top plate of the outer shell here is the cylindrical top plate; in the outer shell of the second structure, the top plate of the outer shell here is the upper cover plate) corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery; the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the corresponding first avoidance holes as the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, and the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the first avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery housing, so that the first avoidance hole part of the top plate of the outer shell is sealed.

[0091] It should be noted that the polarity terminal of the single battery described here can be the pole column of the single battery. If it is to avoid that the pole column of the single battery cannot smoothly extend out of the first avoidance hole or the height of extending out of the first avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole column adapter can also be connected to the pole column of the single battery, and the overall structure of the cooperation of the pole column of the single battery and the pole column adapter is used as the polarity terminal of the single battery.

[0092] The heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0093] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, the present utility model adopts an inventive concept similar to that of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, that is, mainly conducts heat exchange on the polar terminals of the single battery where heat is relatively concentrated. However, different from Chinese Patent CN118299714A, the present utility model considers that by optimizing the heat exchange structure and adopting a direct heat exchange method, the polar terminals are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium to achieve heat exchange of the polar terminals; compared with the effect of the heat exchange medium indirectly exchanging heat with the polar terminals through a heat exchange component, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and thus can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0094] Based on this inventive concept, the present utility model abandons the heat exchange component and directly forms a heat exchange device on the top of the outer shell. Specifically, a hollow box body with one end open is used as the heat exchange device, and the space between the hollow box body and the top plate of the outer shell is used as the heat exchange medium flow cavity. At the same time, the polar terminals penetrate the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, a part of the structure of the polar terminals is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminals is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0095] The present utility model sets a functional structure on the polar terminals to increase the contact area between this part and the heat exchange medium, so as to further optimize the heat exchange effect. In addition, the heat exchange medium of the present utility model can also be in direct contact with the top plate of the outer shell and directly act on the top plate of the outer shell, further improving the heat exchange effect of such large-capacity batteries.

[0096] It should be noted that:

[0097] 1. Since the polar terminals of the present utility model are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, as well as suitable working temperature, long life, non-corrosive, etc. In the present utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid, etc.;

[0098] 2. When the heat exchange device is in contact with the polar terminals, if the heat exchange device is conductive, the positive and negative polar terminals of the same single battery are directly conducted through the heat exchange device, resulting in a short circuit; therefore, the heat exchange device is preferably made of an insulating material; when a non-insulating material is used, an insulating sealing ring can be added between the polar terminals and the heat exchange device to overcome this problem; or the heat exchange device can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc.; for safety reasons, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to overcome this problem;

[0099] 3. When a liquid heat exchange medium is adopted, it is necessary to ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange device, especially at the part where the polar terminals penetrate the heat exchange device.

[0100] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0101] Embodiment 1

[0102] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, they are respectively the structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery assembly of this embodiment.

[0103] It can be seen from the figure that the large-capacity battery assembly of this embodiment includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device 4;

[0104] The large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and a plurality of single cells 2 arranged in the housing 1 along the x direction.

[0105] The single cells 2 in this embodiment are square shell batteries, and the number is 12. The inner cavity of each single cell 2 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area. In other embodiments, the number of single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0106] The structure of the single cell 2 is as Figure 5 shown, and it includes a housing body, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located in the housing body; the housing body is enclosed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly and an upper cover assembly.

[0107] The lower cover assembly in this embodiment includes a lower cover plate 29, and a second opening member 30 can also be provided on the lower cover plate 29. Under the action of external force or electrolyte, the second opening member 30 can be separated from the lower cover plate 29 of the single cell 2 and form a through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the housing body on the lower cover plate 29; the second opening member 30 is an existing structure, for example, the opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. can be adopted.

[0108] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, they are respectively the structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly of the single cell 2, and it includes an upper cover plate 28 and two polar terminals 21 located on the upper cover plate 28. The polarities of the two polar terminals 21 are opposite, and they are respectively used as the positive and negative polar terminals 21 of the single cell 2.

[0109] It should be noted that insulation is maintained between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28. The way to maintain insulation can be pouring insulating glue or setting an insulating rubber sleeve 27, etc. It can be seen from the figure that in this embodiment, the insulating rubber sleeve 27 is used to achieve insulation between the two.

[0110] In this embodiment, a first opening member may also be provided on the upper cover plate 28, and the first opening member is located between the two polar terminals 21. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the first opening member can be separated from the upper cover plate 28 of the single battery 2 and form a through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the housing on the upper cover plate 28; the first opening member also adopts an existing structure, for example, the first opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. The structure of the first opening member may be the same as or different from that of the second opening member 30.

[0111] In this embodiment, the polar terminal 21 is a cylinder, and two first annular grooves 25 are provided on the side wall of the polar terminal 21. The two first annular grooves 25 are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal 21, and each first annular groove 25 extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal 21. Based on the two first annular grooves, the heat exchange area of this part of the polar terminal 21 can be increased. After placing this part in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4, compared with the polar terminal 21 with a smooth side wall, it has a larger heat exchange area, and thus a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0112] In some other embodiments, the number, groove width, groove depth and other dimensions of the first annular groove 25 can be adjusted according to requirements, specifically on the premise of not affecting the conductivity of the polar terminal 21.

[0113] In some other embodiments, other structures may also be processed on the polar terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21. For the convenience of description, in the present utility model, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures; such functional structures may include dot-like pits, protrusions, etc. on the side wall of the polar terminal 21; compared with the above functional structures, the structure of the first annular groove 25 in this embodiment is convenient for processing and has a lower processing cost.

[0114] In addition, the present utility model does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21. For example, different from this embodiment, in some other embodiments, a column with a rectangular cross-section may also be used as the polar terminal 21.

[0115] In this embodiment, at least one level of stepped structure 31 (see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 ) is provided on the side wall of the polar terminal 21 along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 21 for positioning the heat exchange device 4 and realizing the seal between the second avoidance hole 51 of the heat exchange device 4 and the polar terminal 21.

[0116] The first avoidance hole 3 through which the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 can extend is opened on the outer shell top plate 11; as Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2 is the pole column of the single cell 2, and this pole column has a relatively high height compared to the pole column of a conventional single cell 2. The polar terminals 21 of each single cell 2 extend out of the corresponding first avoidance hole 3, and a sealing connection member 15 is additionally provided between the first avoidance hole 3 and the polar terminal 21 to achieve the fixed sealing between the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 and the housing of the single cell 2.

[0117] The sealing connection member 15 includes a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the single cell 2, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected to the second area of the outer shell top plate 11; wherein the first area is the area around any polar terminal 21 on the upper cover plate 28 of any single cell 2 of the single cell 2; wherein, the area around the polar terminal 21 is the area around the insulating rubber sleeve 27 on the polar terminal 21. The insulating rubber sleeve 27 is a part on the single cell 2 for insulating between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28 of the single cell 2. The second area is the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the first avoidance holes 3. The area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 is the peripheral area on the outer surface of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the first avoidance holes 3; or the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 is the hole wall of the first avoidance hole 3.

[0118] A support member 16 extending in the x direction is provided between the outer shell bottom plate 12 and each single cell 2 to form a second channel as the electrolyte sharing chamber 13.

[0119] On the outer shell top plate 11, a boss 17 extending in the x direction is provided, and a first channel is opened on the boss 17. This first channel communicates with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 as the gas sharing chamber 14 and is connected to the gas area in the inner cavity of each single cell 2; when gas is generated in the inner cavity of the single cell 2, the inner cavity of the first channel can also be used as a gas accommodation chamber to relieve the problem of the outer shell 1 bulging caused by gas production. In some other embodiments, the boss 17 structure may not be provided, and each single cell 2 can achieve gas communication through the through holes penetrating their inner cavities to achieve gas balance.

[0120] In some other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 or the gas sharing chamber 14 may be provided.

[0121] The heat exchange device 4 is arranged on the top of the outer shell 1. For the regularity of the large-capacity battery structure, a member having a shape and size adapted to the outer shell top plate 11 is usually used as the heat exchange device 4; after the heat exchange device 4 is fixed on the top of the outer shell 1, in the z direction, the polar terminal 21 penetrates the heat exchange device 4, that is, the part of the polar terminal 21 with a functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device 4 and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 is located outside the heat exchange device 4 as the electrical connection part 211.

[0122] The structure of the heat exchange device 4 can be found in Figure 4 , is a hollow box with one end open that matches the size of the housing top plate 11. In this embodiment, the housing top plate 11 is a rectangular plate, so the hollow box is a cubic box. A second avoidance hole 51 is opened on the hollow box top plate 5 opposite to the open end of the cubic box, corresponding to the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 2 (see Figure 3 ).

[0123] When fixing a heat exchange device 4 of this type of structure on the top of the shell 1, it is necessary to buckle it on the top of the shell 1, and fix the open end to the shell 1 (the shell 1 here can be the shell top plate 11, or it can be the shell 1 side plate, and the shell 1 side plate here includes the side plates in the shell 1 parallel to the xz plane and the yz plane); the space between the hollow box body and the shell top plate 11 is used as a heat exchange medium flow cavity, and the functional structure of the polarity terminal 21 of each single cell 2 is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity, and the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21 of each single cell 2 extends out of the second avoidance hole 51 corresponding to the hollow box top plate 5, and the polarity terminal 21 and the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 are sealed.

[0124] In this embodiment, the portion where the polarity terminal 21 is provided with a functional structure is located within the heat exchange device 4 and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium within the heat exchange device 4, thereby achieving a good heat exchange effect. At the same time, the heat exchange medium can also be in direct contact with the top plate 11 of the outer shell, acting on the top plate 11 of the outer shell, further improving the heat exchange effect of the large-capacity battery.

[0125] This embodiment uses a hollow box with one end open made of insulating material, and the hollow box is buckled onto the top plate 11 of the outer shell. In order to ensure that the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 2 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box, the orthographic projection area of the second avoidance hole 51 in the xy plane needs to be slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the electrical connection portion 211 of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, the vertical distance between the bottom end of the polarity terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box needs to be smaller than the size of the polarity terminal 21; to ensure that the electrical connection portion 211 of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance hole 51.

[0126] In some cases, the cross-sectional areas of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 and the rest of the portion are exactly equal. Therefore, it can be considered that it is only necessary that "the orthographic projection area of the second avoidance hole 51 in the xy plane is slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, the vertical distance between the bottom end of the polarity terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body needs to be smaller than the size of the polarity terminal 21" to ensure that the electrical connection portion 211 of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance hole 51.

[0127] Generally, the shape of the second avoidance hole 51 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21. If the second avoidance hole 51 is a circular hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 is circular, then the diameter of the second avoidance hole 51 needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21; if the second avoidance hole 51 is a square hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 is square, then the area of the second avoidance hole 51 needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21. Of course, the shape of the second avoidance hole 51 may not be adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21, as long as it is ensured that the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 and the sealing between the two can be achieved.

[0128] When the heat exchange medium is a liquid heat exchange medium, the sealing performance of the hollow box body is particularly important. To ensure the sealing performance of the hollow box body, from Figure 8 It can be seen that a second insulating sealing glue layer 10 can be laid on the stepped surface. When the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 extends out of the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body, the area around the second avoidance hole 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body is pressed against the second insulating sealing glue layer 10. At the same time, the second insulating sealing glue layer 10 penetrates into the gap between the second avoidance hole 51 and the polar terminal 21, initially realizing the sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51. In this embodiment, a first annular sealing gasket 23 can also be sleeved on each polar terminal 21, and the inner ring surface of the first annular sealing gasket 23 is closely attached to the polar terminal 21, and the bottom surface is pressed against the top plate 5 of the hollow box body to perform secondary sealing on the gap between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51.

[0129] It should be noted that:

[0130] The material of the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the sealing connection method between the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the polar terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body can be selected according to the material of the top plate 5 of the hollow box body. For example, in this embodiment, the top plate 5 of the hollow box body is made of an insulating material. Therefore, a first annular sealing gasket 23 made of a metal material can be selected. The first annular sealing gasket 23 and the polar terminal 21 can be sealed and connected by welding, and the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body can be sealed and connected by bonding; when the top plate 5 of the hollow box body made of a metal material is used, the first annular sealing gasket 23 and the polar terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body can both be sealed and connected by welding.

[0131] In some other embodiments, an O-ring can also be sleeved between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51 to achieve the sealing between the two.

[0132] An annular groove is provided on the outer shell top plate 11 (seeFigure 4 ), an annular protrusion 43 matching the annular groove is provided on the open end face of the hollow box body, the annular protrusion 43 is inserted into the annular groove, and sealant is applied to the matching position to achieve sealing and fixation of the hollow box body and the top plate 11 of the outer shell; in some other embodiments, a flange connection can also be used to achieve sealing and fixation of the hollow box body and the outer shell 1.

[0133] In some other embodiments, a hollow box with one end open made of metal can be selected. In order to ensure insulation between the polarity terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51, an O-shaped insulating sealing ring can be added between the two to achieve insulation and sealing between the two; the open end of the hollow box and the outer shell 1 can be sealed and fixed by welding.

[0134] In addition, when the heat exchange medium is a liquid heat exchange medium, when a battery pack is formed based on such large-capacity batteries, each large-capacity battery heat exchange device 4 can be connected in parallel or in series. Therefore, it is necessary to open a liquid inlet 18 and a liquid outlet on the heat exchange device 4, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet 18 and the liquid outlet ( Figure 3 Liquid port not shown).

[0135] It should be noted that if Figure 4 As shown, in the z direction, the height of the boss 17 for forming the gas sharing chamber 14 provided on the top plate 11 of the housing in this embodiment is lower than the height of the inner cavity of the hollow box.

[0136] Example 2

[0137] Different from the first embodiment, the large capacity battery of this embodiment adopts Figure 9 The single battery 2 shown in the figure has through holes 32 penetrating the polarity terminals 21 on both polarity terminals 21, which serve as a functional structure to increase the heat exchange area between the polarity terminals 21 and the heat exchange medium; Figure 10 and Figure 11 As can be seen, this embodiment uses a single through hole 32 as an example. While ensuring that the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21 is not affected, the cross-sectional area of the through hole 32 can be increased as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect. In other embodiments, two or more through holes 32 may be provided, specifically as long as the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21 is not affected.

[0138] In this embodiment, the central axis of the through hole 32 is parallel to the plane of the upper cover plate 28. In other embodiments, the extension line of the central axis of the through hole 32 may have a certain angle with the upper cover plate 28, and the angle does not need to be equal to 90°.

[0139] In order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, in this embodiment, four dividing rib plates 33 can also be arranged in the through hole 32. The four dividing rib plates 33 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole 32, and each dividing rib plate 33 extends along the axial direction of the through hole 32. Based on the four dividing rib plates 33, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 21 can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area is increased, and thus the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved.

[0140] In some other embodiments, according to the size of the channel, the number and arrangement of the dividing rib plates 33 can be adjusted on the premise of not affecting the flow of the heat exchange medium.

[0141] Similar to Embodiment 1, a step structure 31 can also be provided on the side wall of the polar terminal 21. Based on the step structure 31, the sealing between the heat exchange device 4 and the polar terminal 21 is realized. The sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange device 4 is the same as that in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0142] Embodiment 3

[0143] Different from Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a part of the structure of the housing 1 is used as a part of the structure of the heat exchange device 4 (a hollow box body with one end open).

[0144] Specifically as Figure 12 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, in this embodiment, a part of the structure of the side plate of the housing 1 (this side plate is parallel to the xz plane) is used as the second side plate 45 of the heat exchange device 4 (the second side plate 45 is a side plate parallel to the xz plane).

[0145] The following will Figure 15 and Figure 16 , and the structure of the housing 1 in this embodiment will be described in detail.

[0146] As Figure 15 shown, it is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the housing 1 in this embodiment. The housing 1 is disassembled into a cylindrical body 19 with both ends open and end plates 20 covering the open ends of the cylindrical body 19. The structure of the cylindrical body 19 is as Figure 16 shown. Both ends of the cylindrical body 19 are open ends, that is, the open ends of the cylindrical body 19 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the side plate 191 of the cylindrical body is higher than the height of the top plate 192 of the cylindrical body; the part of the side plate 191 of the cylindrical body that is higher than the top plate 192 of the cylindrical body is used as the second side plate 45 of the heat exchange device 4.

[0147] In the top plate 192 of the cylindrical body, a gas sharing chamber 14 is provided along the x direction, and the gas sharing chamber 14 is communicated with the inner cavity gas area of each single battery 2.

[0148] The cylindrical body 19 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient for processing. At the same time, it has good sealing performance compared with the split structure.

[0149] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device 4 can be assembled through the following process:

[0150] As Figure 14 shown, the two first side plates 44 of the heat exchange device 4 are respectively fixedly sealed at both ends of the two second side plates 45, and the hollow box top plate 5 is fixedly sealed with the first side plate 44 and the second side plate 45; the installation sequence of the hollow box top plate 5 and the first side plate 44 is not specifically limited, that is, the hollow box top plate 5 can be installed first and then the first side plate 44, or the first side plate 44 can be installed first and then the hollow box top plate 5.

[0151] As Figure 13 shown, in order to facilitate the fixation of the hollow box top plate 5, in this embodiment, a stepped structure is provided on the cylinder side plate 191, a second insulating sealant layer 10 is laid on the stepped surface, and the hollow box top plate 5 is fixedly sealed with the cylinder side plate 191 through the second insulating sealant layer 10.

[0152] In some other embodiments, the two first side plates 44 can be an integral part with the end plate 20 of the housing 1. When constructing the heat exchange device 4, only the hollow box top plate 5 needs to be fixed.

[0153] Embodiment 4

[0154] Different from the above embodiments, in this embodiment, inside the heat exchange device 4, a dividing member 6 is provided along the x direction, dividing the heat exchange device 4 into a first sub - heat exchange device 41 and a second sub - heat exchange device 42; the polarity terminals 21 of each single - cell battery 2 on one side penetrate through the first sub - heat exchange device 41, and the polarity terminals 21 of each single - cell battery 2 on the other side penetrate through the second sub - heat exchange device 42.

[0155] Figures 17 to 19 Taking the addition of the dividing member 6 on the basis of Embodiment 3 as an example. That is, inside a hollow box with one end open, a dividing member 6 extending along the x direction is provided, dividing the hollow box into a first sub - hollow box and a second sub - hollow box; the first sub - hollow box and the second sub - hollow box serve as the first sub - heat exchange device 41 and the second sub - heat exchange device 42 respectively; in the z direction, the polarity terminals 21 of each single - cell battery 2 on one side extend out of the first sub - hollow box top plate 52 corresponding to the second avoidance hole 51, and the polarity terminals 21 of each single - cell battery 2 on the other side extend out of the second sub - hollow box top plate 53 corresponding to the second avoidance hole 51.

[0156] As Figure 17As shown, in this embodiment, the boss 17 provided on the top plate 11 of the housing for forming the gas sharing chamber 14 is used as the dividing member 6. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the complete independence of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body, in the z direction, the size of the boss 17 is larger than the size of the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4, and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body is divided into a first sub-top plate and a second sub-top plate; the two long edges of the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively sealed and fixed to the side plate 191 of the cylinder body and the boss 17; that is, see Figure 17 , the first sub-top plate is sealed and fixed as the top plate 52 of the first sub-hollow box body between one side plate 191 of the cylinder body and the boss 17; the second sub-top plate is sealed and fixed as the top plate 53 of the second sub-hollow box body between the other side plate 191 of the cylinder body and the boss 17.

[0157] From Figure 17 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a stepped structure is provided on the boss 17, a second insulating sealant layer 10 is laid on the stepped surface, and the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are press-fitted and fixed on the second insulating sealant layer 10 to achieve fixation.

[0158] In some other embodiments, in the z direction, the size of the boss 17 can be slightly smaller than the size of the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4, as Figure 18 shown, at this time, it is necessary to ensure the sealing between the top end of the boss 17 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body.

[0159] In some other embodiments, the dividing member 6 shown in Figure 19 can also be used to divide the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body, which are respectively used as the first sub-heat exchange device 41 and the second sub-heat exchange device 42; Figure 19 In , a baffle is directly arranged on the inner surface of the top plate 5 of the hollow box body along the x direction. After the top plate 5 of the hollow box body is fixed on the side plate 191 of the cylinder body, the baffle is tightly sealed with the top plate 11 of the housing.

[0160] The first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body can be connected in parallel or in series. As Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 shown, taking the series connection mode as an example; Figure 20 In , communication interfaces are opened on the first side plates 44 of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body, which can be respectively defined as a first through hole and a second through hole. Based on the external connecting pipe 7, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected to realize the series connection of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body; Figure 21 and Figure 22 In , a through hole 8 connecting the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body is directly opened on the boss 17 (the through hole 8 is isolated from the first channel serving as the gas sharing chamber 14) to realize the series connection of the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body; relative toFigure 20 The structure shown Figure 21 The structure is relatively simple. At the same time, it can reduce the size of the large-capacity battery in the length direction and improve the energy density of such large-capacity batteries.

[0161] Example 5

[0162] Different from the above embodiments, in this embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiments, a first insulating sealant layer 9 is laid on the top of the heat exchange device 4.

[0163] The specific structure is as shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24 Taking the addition of the first insulating sealant layer 9 on the basis of Example 4 as an example, the first insulating sealant layer 9 covers the top surfaces of the first sub-hollow box body top plate 52, the second sub-hollow box body top plate 53, and the boss 17.

[0164] From Figures 23 to 24 It can be seen that in this embodiment, the electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 all extend out of the first insulating sealant layer 9 to facilitate connection with the electrical connection component assembly 22. Among them, the electrical connection component assembly 22 is an electrical connection component for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 2 in the large-capacity battery and / or the series connection of adjacent large-capacity batteries.

[0165] Laying the first insulating sealant layer 9 on the top of the heat exchange device 4 has at least the following advantages:

[0166] First, further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange device 4;

[0167] Specifically, the first insulating sealant forming the first insulating sealant layer 9 penetrates into the gap between the second avoidance hole 51 and the polar terminal 21, and further seals this gap radially; the first insulating sealant layer 9 covers the connection parts of the first sub-hollow box body top plate 52 and the boss 17 and the second sub-hollow box body top plate 53 and the boss 17, which can further improve the sealing performance of this part.

[0168] Second, prevent condensation;

[0169] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange device 4, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short-circuit problem; by laying the first insulating sealant layer 9 on the top of the heat exchange device 4, when condensation occurs on the surface of the heat exchange device 4, under the protection of the first insulating sealant layer 9, the occurrence of battery short-circuit can be prevented.

[0170] Example 6

[0171] Different from the above embodiments, as shown in Figure 25 and Figure 26As shown in the figure, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment further includes an electrical connection component 22; the electrical connection component 22 includes a first electrical connection piece 221 and a second electrical connection piece 222. The first electrical connection piece 221 is a long-strip electrical connection plate, extending along the x direction, and is connected to the electrical connection part 211 of the same-side polarity terminals 21 of all the single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery, realizing the parallel connection of each single cell 2 in the large-capacity battery; the second electrical connection piece 222 is a z-shaped connection plate, corresponding to the polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 one by one. One end is connected to the electrical connection part 211 of the corresponding single cell 2 polarity terminal 21, and the other end is a free end, which is used to be connected to the free end of the second electrical connection piece 222 of another large-capacity battery, realizing the series connection between large-capacity batteries.

[0172] After the above electrical connection component is connected to the electrical connection part 211 of the single cell 2 polarity terminal 21 in this embodiment, a first insulating and sealing glue layer 9 is laid on the top of the heat exchange device 4, that is, the first insulating and sealing glue layer 9 completely covers the single cell 2 polarity terminal 21 and the connection part between the electrical connection component and the polarity terminal 21; in the whole large-capacity battery, after the outer shell 1 is insulated, only the free end of the second electrical connection piece 222 is exposed and charged, and the rest are insulated, making such large-capacity batteries have higher safety performance.

Claims

1. A large-capacity battery assembly, characterized in that: It includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction, the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all the single cells; the top plate of the housing is provided with first avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the first avoidance holes, and the area of the top plate of the housing corresponding to the first avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell; A functional structure is provided on the part where the polarity terminal of each single cell extends out of the first avoidance hole, and the functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal; The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one end open; the open end of the hollow box body is hermetically fixed to the top plate of the housing, and the cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate of the housing is used as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; the part of the polarity terminal of the single cell provided with the functional structure is located in the insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; the top plate of the hollow box body is provided with second avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell, and the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding second avoidance holes, and there is a seal between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole.

2. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

3. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The functional structure is at least one through hole opened on the polarity terminal, and the through hole penetrates the polarity terminal along the x direction.

4. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 3, wherein: A plurality of dividing rib plates are provided on the inner wall of the through hole; the plurality of dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole.

5. The large-capacity battery assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top plate of the hollow box body and the side plate of the hollow box body are separate parts; The housing includes a cylindrical body with both ends open and end plates sealed at the two open ends of the cylindrical body; the end plates are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the side plate of the cylindrical body is higher than the top plate of the cylindrical body, and the part where the side plate of the cylindrical body is higher than the top plate of the cylindrical body is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body, where the second side plate is the side plate of the hollow box body parallel to the xz plane.

6. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The heat exchange device further includes a dividing member arranged in the hollow box body; the dividing member extends along the x direction and divides the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body; In the z direction, the polarity terminals of each single cell on one side extend out of the corresponding second avoidance holes on the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body, and the polarity terminals of each single cell on the other side extend out of the corresponding second avoidance holes on the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body.

7. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The dividing member is a boss arranged on the top plate of the housing and extending along the x direction; The shared chamber includes a gas shared chamber and an electrolyte shared chamber; The gas shared chamber is a first channel opened on the boss and extending along the x direction, and the first channel covers above the gas ports of each single cell; The electrolyte shared chamber is a second channel arranged on the bottom plate of the housing and extending along the x direction, and the second channel communicates with the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of each single cell.

8. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 7, wherein: In the z direction, the size of the boss is larger than the inner cavity size of the hollow box body; The top plate of the hollow box body includes a first sub-top plate and a second sub-top plate; The first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively hermetically fixed between the two side plates of the cylindrical body and the boss, and are respectively used as the top plate of the first sub-hollow box body and the top plate of the second sub-hollow box body.

9. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 8, wherein: The first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are connected in series.

10. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: A through hole extending in the y direction is provided in the boss, and the through hole is isolated from the first channel; the first sub-hollow box body and the second sub-hollow box body are communicated through the through hole.

11. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 5, wherein: It also includes a plurality of first annular gaskets corresponding to the polarity terminals one by one; A first step structure is arranged on the side wall of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; A step structure is provided on the outer wall of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; the step surface is coated with a second insulating sealant layer, and the top plate of the hollow box body is crimped on the second insulating sealant layer to achieve a preliminary seal between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole; A corresponding first annular gasket is sleeved on each polarity terminal, and the inner ring surface of the first annular gasket is closely attached to the polarity terminal, and the bottom surface is crimped on the top plate of the hollow box body to perform a secondary seal on the gap between the polarity terminal and the second avoidance hole.

12. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 5, wherein: A first insulating sealant layer is provided on the top of the heat exchange device.

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