Upper cover assembly for single battery and single battery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to an upper cover assembly for a single battery and the single battery. The technical problems that the requirement for the size precision of each single battery is high and the working procedure is complex when a gap between an avoiding hole and a polar terminal of the single battery is sealed by adopting an existing method are solved. The upper cover assembly comprises an upper cover plate, an insulating member and a polarity terminal; the insulating member is sleeved on the polarity terminal; at least part of the structure of the insulating component is used for extending into the avoiding hole and being bonded with the first insulating sealant layer in the avoiding hole. The single battery comprises an outer shell as well as an electrode assembly and electrolyte which are positioned in the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is defined by an upper cover assembly, a barrel and a lower cover assembly; by optimizing the upper cover assembly, the sealing performance of the whole high-capacity battery shell is improved, the process is simple, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to an upper cover assembly for a single battery and a single battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the market, multiple single batteries are usually connected in parallel or in series to form a large-capacity battery (which can also be called a battery module or a battery pack).

[0003] However, there are differences among the single batteries in the existing large-capacity batteries. Due to the existence of the cask effect, the large-capacity battery is often affected by the single battery with the worst performance, resulting in great limitations on the capacity upper limit and the number of cycles of the entire large-capacity battery. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of each single battery in the large-capacity battery has become the focus and difficulty in this field.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese Patent CN220797038U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is as Figure 1 shown. Such a large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and multiple single batteries 2.

[0005] Define the length direction of the housing 1 as the x direction, the width direction as the y direction, and the height direction as the z direction;

[0006] Multiple single batteries 2 are arranged along the x direction in the inner cavity of the housing 1;

[0007] The bottom plate 12 of the housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 13, and the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is communicated with the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of the respective single batteries 2; the electrolytes in the inner cavities of the respective single batteries 2 are communicated through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, so that the electrolytes of all the single batteries 2 are in the same system, reducing the differences between the electrolytes of the respective single batteries 2, improving the consistency among the respective single batteries 2 to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0008] Avoidance holes 10 are formed in the top plate 11 of the housing to allow the polarity terminals 21 of the respective single batteries 2 to extend out; the polarity terminals 21 of the respective single batteries 2 extend out of the avoidance holes 10, and the area of the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2, realizing the sealing of the annular gap between the avoidance holes 10 and the polarity terminals 21.

[0009] Generally, laser welding can be used to weld the housing 1 and the upper cover of the single battery 2 in the peripheral area corresponding to each avoidance hole 10 on the top plate 11 of the housing to achieve sealing.

[0010] However, when mass-producing large-capacity batteries, due to the existence of processing errors and assembly errors, if it is necessary to ensure that the bottoms of the individual cells 2 are on the same horizontal plane, there will be a problem of uneven height differences at the tops (i.e., the upper cover plates 22) of the individual cells 2. As a result, there are gaps between the upper cover plates 22 of some individual cells 2 and the outer casing 1 in some large-capacity batteries, which may lead to virtual soldering between the outer casing 1 and the upper cover plates 22 during laser welding, and even the problem of inability to weld. The yield rate of large-capacity batteries is affected.

[0011] To overcome the above problems, Chinese Patent CN117477188A adopts the method as Figure 2 shown, and a sealing connection member 05 can be added between the avoidance hole 10 and the upper cover plate 22 of the individual cell 2 to achieve sealing. The sealing connection member 05 includes a hollow member. The bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the individual cell 2, and the top of the hollow member is hermetically connected to the second area of the outer casing 1; the first area is the area around any one of the polarity terminals 21 in the upper cover plate 22 of any one of the individual cells 2; the second area is the area corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 10 on the outer casing 1. The area corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 is the peripheral area on the outer surface of the outer casing 1 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 10; or the area corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 is the hole wall of the avoidance hole 10. Among them, the area around the polarity terminal 21 is the area around the insulating gasket on the polarity terminal 21. The insulating gasket is a part used to insulate the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 on the individual cell 2.

[0012] The above solution can well solve the sealing problem of the outer casing 1 of such large-capacity batteries. However, two seals are required, and usually, welding is used for sealing, that is, the bottom and top of the hollow member need to be welded to the upper cover plate 22 of the individual cell 2 and the outer casing 1 respectively, making the processing process relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an upper cover assembly for an individual cell and an individual cell, so as to solve the technical problems of high requirements for the dimensional accuracy of each individual cell and relatively complex processes when sealing the gap between the avoidance hole and the polarity terminal of the individual cell by using the existing method.

[0014] The concept of the present utility model is:

[0015] The utility model realizes the sealing of this part by filling a first insulating and sealing glue layer into the annular gap between the avoidance hole and the polar terminals of each single battery, improving the sealing performance of the whole large-capacity battery housing. Compared with the solution of adopting two welding processes in the background technology, the process is simple and the operation is convenient. In addition, even if there is a problem of uneven height difference at the top (i.e., the upper cover plate) of each single battery, resulting in a gap between the upper cover plate of some individual single batteries and the housing in some large-capacity batteries, there will be no situation where sealing cannot be achieved.

[0016] Generally, the polar terminal is fixed on the upper cover plate through an insulating member. In order to improve the stability of the first insulating and sealing glue layer in the annular gap between the polar terminal and the avoidance hole, the utility model makes at least part of the structure of the insulating member extend into the avoidance hole (generally, when the height of the insulating member of the single battery is relatively low and it is difficult to extend into the avoidance hole, the height of the insulating member can be increased to ensure that at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the avoidance hole), so that the first insulating and sealing glue layer is bonded to the insulating member. Generally, the material of the insulating member is rubber, plastic, fiber, etc., which is more easily bonded to the first insulating and sealing glue layer and has a higher bonding strength compared with the aluminum polar terminal.

[0017] Based on this, the first aspect of the utility model provides an upper cover assembly for a single battery, including an upper cover plate, an insulating member and a polar terminal;

[0018] The insulating member is sleeved on the polar terminal, and the polar terminal is fixed on the upper cover plate through the insulating member; at least part of the structure of the insulating member is used to extend into the corresponding avoidance hole of the top plate of the large-capacity battery housing and is bonded to the first insulating and sealing glue layer in the avoidance hole.

[0019] Generally, when the height of the insulating member of the single battery is relatively low and it is difficult to extend into the avoidance hole, the height of the insulating member can be increased to ensure that at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the avoidance hole;

[0020] The first insulating and sealing glue layer is laid in the annular gap between the polar terminal and the avoidance hole, and the first insulating and sealing glue layer is tightly bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the insulating member located in the avoidance hole; generally, the material of the insulating member is rubber, plastic, fiber, etc., which is more easily bonded to the first insulating and sealing glue and has a higher bonding strength compared with the aluminum polar terminal.

[0021] Furthermore, after constructing a large-capacity battery with the single battery having the above upper cover assembly, in the z direction, the upper end surface of the insulating member is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the top plate of the large-capacity battery housing is located. That is to say, the first insulating and sealing glue layer is firmly bonded to the entire outer peripheral surface of the insulating member, making the first insulating and sealing glue layer have higher stability.

[0022] In addition, during the use of the large-capacity battery described in the background art, heat is generated. If heat exchange (heat dissipation) is not timely, it will cause a significant reduction in the battery life, an increase in energy loss, and even potential safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery.

[0023] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, Chinese Patent CN118299714A discloses a large-capacity battery. This patent opens a card slot at the polar terminal part of the large-capacity battery that extends out of the avoidance hole, and fixes a heat exchange part in the card slot, which can effectively achieve heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. Moreover, the larger the contact area between the polar terminal and the heat exchange part, the better the heat exchange effect, that is, the larger the surface area of the card slot, the larger its contact area with the heat exchange part, and the better the heat exchange effect achieved. However, when the surface area of the card slot is too large, it will affect the overall structure of the polar terminal, and thus affect its electrical conductivity. To overcome such problems, the present utility model optimizes the structure of the heat exchange part, shortens the heat exchange path, increases the heat exchange area, and improves the heat exchange performance of the entire large-capacity battery without affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal.

[0024] Specifically, the present utility model provides a heat exchange device at the top of the large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a cavity for accommodating the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, a part of the structure of the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0025] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, first, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; second, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "a card slot with a certain surface area" to "a part of the structure of the polar terminal located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0026] Furthermore, if the heat exchange area of "the part of the structure of the polar terminal located inside the heat exchange device" is larger, then the area of this part in contact with the heat exchange medium is larger, that is, it has a larger heat exchange area, and thus the heat exchange effect can be further optimized. Therefore, the present utility model provides a functional structure on the polar terminal. This functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal. By placing the part provided with the functional structure in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device and in contact with the heat exchange medium, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0027] Meanwhile, the upper end face of the insulating member can also be used as the support face of the heat exchange device and the sealing face between the heat exchange device and the polar terminal in the present utility model, improving the stability of the heat exchange device and the sealing performance between the heat exchange device and the polar terminal.

[0028] Furthermore, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side surface of the polar terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged in the height direction of the polar terminal. The annular grooves are relatively convenient to process, making the polar terminal have a lower cost.

[0029] Furthermore, the functional structure can also be a through hole opened on the polar terminal, and the through hole penetrates the polar terminal along the x direction. Multiple dividing rib plates can also be provided on the inner wall of the through hole; the multiple dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole. By providing the dividing rib plates in the through hole, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal can be further increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect. In addition, the multiple dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, making the temperature uniformity of each part of the polar terminal better, and each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole, without affecting the fluidity of the heat transfer medium in the through hole.

[0030] Furthermore, the present utility model can also be provided with at least one level of stepped structure on the side surface of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal, and the seal between the side wall of the polar terminal and the heat exchange device can be realized based on the stepped structure.

[0031] Furthermore, the present utility model can also be provided with at least one second annular groove on the side surface of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal, and the seal between the side wall of the polar terminal and the heat exchange device can be realized based on the stepped structure.

[0032] In the second aspect of the present utility model, a single cell is provided, including a housing and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the housing; wherein the housing is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a cylinder body and a lower cover assembly; the upper cover assembly is the upper cover assembly for the above-mentioned single cell.

[0033] Furthermore, the lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate and a second unpacking member provided on the lower cover plate. Wherein, under the action of external force or electrolyte, the second unpacking member forms an opening on the lower cover plate, and its structure can be the same as or different from that of the first unpacking member.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0035] 1. By optimizing the upper cover assembly of the present utility model, after constructing a large-capacity battery using single cells with such upper cover assemblies, it is necessary to ensure that at least part of the structure of the insulating member on the upper cover assembly extends into the corresponding avoidance holes on the top plate of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery. By filling the annular gap between the avoidance holes and the polarity terminals of each single cell with insulating sealant, the sealing of this part is achieved, improving the sealing performance of the entire outer shell of the large-capacity battery. Compared with the solution using two welding processes in the background technology, the process is simple and the operation is convenient. In addition, even if there are uneven height differences at the tops (i.e., the upper cover plates) of each single cell, resulting in gaps between the upper cover plates and the outer shell of some single cells in the large-capacity battery, there will be no situation where sealing cannot be achieved. At the same time, in the above-mentioned annular gap, the first insulating sealant layer is bonded to the insulating member. Usually, the material of the insulating member is rubber, plastic, fiber, etc. Compared with the aluminum polarity terminals, it is easier to bond with the first insulating sealant and has a higher bonding strength.

[0036] 2. By optimizing the structure of the polarity terminals, a functional structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polarity terminals is provided on the polarity terminals. After constructing a large-capacity battery using single cells with such upper cover assemblies, a heat exchange device is directly arranged on the top of the large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as the accommodation cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polarity terminals penetrate the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, the part of the polarity terminals provided with the functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; the other part of the structure of the polarity terminals is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as the electrical connection part.

[0037] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, first, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polarity terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polarity terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polarity terminals, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; second, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "the card slot with a certain surface area" to "the part of the structure of the polarity terminals located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries;

[0038] At the same time, compared with the polarity terminals without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and can thus obtain a better heat exchange effect. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background technology;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another large-capacity battery in the background technology;

[0041] Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover assembly in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an upper cover assembly in Example 2;

[0043] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an upper cover assembly in Example 2;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of another upper cover assembly in Example 2;

[0045] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of another upper cover assembly in Example 2;

[0046] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of an upper cover assembly in Example 3;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell in Example 4;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of another single cell in Example 4;

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0050] Figure 12a is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0051] Figure 12b A partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first large-capacity battery assembly in Example 6;

[0053] Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the first large-capacity battery assembly in Example 6;

[0054] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat exchange pipe in Example 6;

[0055] Figure 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first heat exchange pipe member in Example 6;

[0056] Figure 17 A partial cross-sectional view of the first large-capacity battery assembly in Example 6;

[0057] Figure 18 A partial cross-sectional view of the second large-capacity battery assembly in Example 6;

[0058] Figure 19Schematic structural diagram of the third large-capacity battery module in Embodiment 6;

[0059] Figure 20 Cross-sectional view of the third large-capacity battery module in Embodiment 6;

[0060] Figure 21 Schematic structural diagram of the second heat exchange pipe fitting in Embodiment 6;

[0061] Figure 22 Schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery module in Embodiment 7;

[0062] Figure 23 Cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery module in Embodiment 7;

[0063] Figure 24 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 7;

[0064] Figure 25 Schematic structural diagram of the cylinder in Embodiment 7;

[0065] The reference signs in the figure are:

[0066] 05, sealing connection member; 1, outer shell; 11, outer shell top plate; 12, outer shell bottom plate; 13, electrolyte sharing chamber; 14, gas sharing chamber; 2, single battery; 21, polar terminal; 211, electrical connection part; 22, upper cover plate; 23, second unpacking member; 24, lower cover plate; 25, through hole; 26, dividing rib plate; 4, step structure; 5, second annular groove; 6, heat exchange device; 60, first heat exchange pipe fitting; 61, second heat exchange pipe fitting; 611, first channel; 612, first port; 613, second port; 62, first annular sealing gasket; 63, second annular sealing gasket; 7, insulating member; 8, first annular groove; 9, connecting pipe; 10, avoidance hole; 15, second insulating sealant layer; 16, support member; 17, cylinder; 171, cylinder side plate; 172, cylinder top plate; 18, end plate; 19, first insulating sealant layer; 20, sealing ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0067] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0068] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0069] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top" and "bottom" and other references to orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0070] The utility model discloses a cover assembly for a single cell and a single cell having the cover assembly. Such a single cell is used to construct a large-capacity battery. The specific structure of the large-capacity battery is as follows:

[0071] The large-capacity battery includes a shell and a plurality of single cells; the multiple single cells are arranged in the same direction and placed in the inner cavity of the shell.

[0072] A rectangular housing is usually used. For ease of description, the length direction of the housing is defined as the x-direction, the width direction of the housing is defined as the y-direction, and the height direction of the housing is defined as the z-direction.

[0073] The present invention does not specifically limit the shell structure, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0074] The first structure includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends (i.e., the end parallel to the yz plane is the open end) and end plates fixed to the two open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0075] The second structure includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the ports parallel to the xy plane are open ends) and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate fixed to the open ends of the top and bottom of the cylinder respectively (i.e., the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both parallel to the xy plane, and the lower cover plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder);

[0076] A shared chamber is provided in the housing.

[0077] It should be noted that:

[0078] The above-mentioned shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of each single battery. Through the electrolyte shared chamber, each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single battery; improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. Here, the electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel extending along the length direction of the outer shell between the bottom plate of the outer shell and each single battery. This liquid channel can be integrally formed with the bottom plate of the outer shell or can be formed by arranging support members between the lower cover plate of the single battery and the bottom plate of the outer shell.

[0079] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas shared chamber provided on the top plate of the outer shell. The gas shared chamber covers the gas ports on the tops of each single battery in the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that here, the gas port has the following two meanings:

[0080] 1) The gas port is the first through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate of the single battery and penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery;

[0081] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery through this gas port. Based on the gas shared chamber, the gas areas of each single battery can be connected to achieve gas balance, enabling each single battery to share gas to ensure the consistency of each single battery, and improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent; when any single battery undergoes thermal runaway, the flue gas in the inner cavity of this single battery enters the gas shared chamber and is discharged through the gas shared chamber, improving the safety of this large-capacity battery.

[0082] 2) The gas port is a venting port or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the single battery, and a venting film is provided at this venting port or explosion-proof port;

[0083] At this time, the gas shared chamber is used as a venting channel. When the venting film at the gas port of any single battery is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of this single battery is connected to the gas shared chamber, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas shared chamber, improving the safety of this large-capacity battery.

[0084] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. Through one gas-liquid shared chamber, each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0085] To facilitate the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries, relief holes are opened on the top plate of the outer shell (in the outer shell of the first structure, the top plate of the outer shell here is the cylindrical top plate; in the outer shell of the second structure, the top plate of the outer shell here is the upper cover plate) corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery; the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the corresponding relief holes as the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, and the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to this relief hole is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single battery, making the relief hole part of the top plate of the outer shell airtight.

[0086] In the present utility model, it is considered that after the polar terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance holes, a first insulating and sealing adhesive layer is laid in the annular gap between the polar terminals and the avoidance holes, so as to realize the fixed sealing between the outer shell top plate area corresponding to the avoidance holes and the upper cover plate of the single battery.

[0087] It should be noted that the polar terminal of the single battery described here can be the pole column of the single battery. If it is necessary to avoid that the pole column of the single battery cannot smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole or the height of extending out of the avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole column adapter can also be connected to the pole column of the single battery, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column of the single battery and the pole column adapter is used as the polar terminal of the single battery.

[0088] A heat exchange device can also be arranged on the top of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, and the heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0089] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, the present utility model adopts an inventive concept similar to that of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, that is, mainly conducts heat exchange on the polar terminals of single batteries where the heat is relatively concentrated. However, different from Chinese Patent CN118299714A, the present utility model considers that by optimizing the heat exchange structure and adopting a direct heat exchange method, the polar terminals are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium to realize the heat exchange of the polar terminals; compared with the effect of the heat exchange medium indirectly exchanging heat with the polar terminals through a heat exchange part, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and further improving the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0090] The following further describes the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0091] Embodiment 1

[0092] This embodiment is an upper cover assembly for a single battery, and its structure is as Figure 3 shown, including an upper cover plate 22 and two polar terminals 21 located on the upper cover plate 22. The polarities of the two polar terminals 21 are opposite, and they are respectively used as the positive and negative polar terminals 21 of the single battery 2.

[0093] The upper cover plate 22 is used to enclose with the lower cover assembly of the single cell 2 and the outer cylinder to form the outer housing of the single cell 2.

[0094] An insulating member 7 is provided between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22. The polar terminal 21 is fixed on the upper cover plate 22 through the insulating member 7 and is insulated from the upper cover plate 22 through the insulating member 7. The insulating member 7 can be an annular insulating glue layer formed by pouring insulating glue between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 or an insulating glue sleeve arranged between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22, etc. The material of the insulating member 7 can adopt the insulating material between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 in the prior art. In addition, the connection manner of the insulating member 7 with the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 can also adopt the relevant prior art, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0095] Using the single cell 2 with the upper cover assembly of this embodiment to construct a large-capacity battery, it is required that at least part of the structure of the insulating member 7 on each upper cover assembly can extend into the avoidance hole 10 on the outer housing top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery, which is convenient for bonding with the first insulating sealant layer 19 located in the avoidance hole 10 to improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19. Preferably, the upper end surface of the insulating member 7 is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the outer housing top plate is located. As can be seen from the figure, compared with the conventional single cell, the height of the insulating member in this embodiment is higher so as to extend into the avoidance hole. In addition, an annular groove can be opened along the circumferential direction of the insulating member 7, and the first insulating sealant layer 19 is embedded in the annular groove to further improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19.

[0096] From Figure 3 it can be seen that the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment is the polar terminal of the single cell 2, and compared with the polar terminal of the conventional single cell 2, its height is higher.

[0097] In some other embodiments, when the height of the polar terminal of the single cell 2 does not meet the set requirements, a pole post adapter can also be connected to the polar terminal of the single cell 2, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the polar terminal of the single cell 2 and the pole post adapter is used as the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0098] Embodiment 2

[0099] This embodiment is an upper cover assembly, and its structure is as Figures 4 to 7As shown, different from Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the structure of the polar terminal is further optimized. It can be seen from the figure that the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment is a cylinder, and two first annular grooves 8 are formed on the side surface of the polar terminal 21. The two first annular grooves 8 are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal 21, and each first annular groove 8 extends circumferentially along the side surface of the polar terminal 21. Based on the two first annular grooves, the heat exchange area of this part of the polar terminal 21 can be increased. After placing this part in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 6, compared with the polar terminal 21 with a smooth side surface, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0100] In some other embodiments, the number of the first annular grooves 8 and dimensions such as groove width and groove depth can be adjusted according to requirements, specifically on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 21.

[0101] In some other embodiments, other structures can also be processed on the polar terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21. For the convenience of description, in the present utility model, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures; such functional structures can include dot-shaped pits, protrusions, etc. on the side surface of the polar terminal 21; compared with the above functional structures, the first annular groove 8 structure in this embodiment is easy to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0102] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21 is not limited in the present utility model. For example, different from this embodiment, in some other embodiments, a column with a rectangular cross-section can also be used as the polar terminal 21.

[0103] Combined Figures 4 to 7 , it can also be seen that on the side surface of the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment, at least one second annular groove 5 (see Figure 4 and Figure 5 ) can be arranged along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 21 on the side surface of the polar terminal 21, or at least one step structure 4 (see Figure 6 and Figure 7 ) can be arranged along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 21 on the side surface of the polar terminal 21. The second annular groove 5 and the step structure 4 are both used to cooperate with the heat exchange device to realize the seal between the side wall of the polar terminal and the heat exchange device. Specifically, different structures can be selected according to different sealing means, and the specific sealing means can be referred to in Embodiment 6.

[0104] In this embodiment, a first opening member may also be provided on the upper cover plate 22, and the first opening member is located between the two polar terminals 21. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the first opening member can be separated from the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, and a through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the outer shell is formed in the upper cover plate 22; the first opening member adopts an existing structure, for example, the first opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc.

[0105] Embodiment 3

[0106] Different from Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, a through hole 25 penetrating the polar terminal 21 is opened on the polar terminal 21. As a functional structure, the heat exchange area between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange medium is increased; as Figure 8 can be seen, taking one through hole 25 as an example in this embodiment, on the premise of ensuring that the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 21 is not affected, the cross-sectional area of the through hole 25 can be increased as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect. In some other embodiments, two or more through holes 25 may also be opened, specifically on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 21.

[0107] In this embodiment, the central axis of the through hole 25 is parallel to the plane where the upper cover plate 22 is located. In some other embodiments, the extension line of the central axis of the through hole 25 may have a certain included angle with the upper cover plate 22, and this included angle is not equal to 90°.

[0108] To further optimize the heat exchange effect, four dividing rib plates 26 may also be provided in the through hole 25 in this embodiment. The four dividing rib plates 26 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole 25, and each dividing rib plate 26 extends along the axial direction of the through hole 25; based on the four dividing rib plates 26, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 21 can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area is increased, and thus the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved.

[0109] In some other embodiments, according to the size of the channel, the number and arrangement mode of the dividing rib plates 26 can be adjusted on the premise of not affecting the flow of the heat exchange medium.

[0110] Embodiment 4

[0111] This embodiment is a single cell 2, and its structure is as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, including an outer shell and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is enclosed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly, and the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, or Embodiment 3. Figure 9 and Figure 10 Taking the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2 as an example, Figure 9 AdoptFigure 4 and Figure 5 the upper cover assembly shown Figure 10 adopts Figure 6 and Figure 7 the upper cover assembly shown

[0112] In this embodiment, the lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate 24. A second opening member 23 may also be provided on the lower cover plate 24. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the second opening member 23 can be separated from the lower cover plate 24 of the single cell 2 and form a through hole in the lower cover plate 24 that penetrates the inner cavity of the housing. The second opening member 23 is also a conventional structure. For example, the opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997 A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117 A can be used. The structure of the second opening member 23 may be the same as or different from that of the first opening member.

[0113] Embodiment 5

[0114] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12a and Figure 12b shown. The large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a housing 1 and 12 single cells 2 in the inner cavity of the housing 1 arranged along the x direction in Embodiment 4. In other embodiments, the number of single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0115] The housing top plate 11 is provided with avoidance holes 10 that enable the polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 to protrude. The polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 protrude through the corresponding avoidance holes 10, and the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell 2.

[0116] Generally, the following solutions can be adopted to achieve sealing:

[0117] Solution 1: The polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 protrude through the corresponding avoidance holes 10, and a sealing connection member is added between the avoidance holes 10 and the polarity terminals 21 to achieve the fixed sealing of the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 and the housing of the single cell 2.

[0118] The sealed connection member includes a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first region of the single battery 2, and the top of the hollow member is sealedly connected with the second region of the outer shell top plate 11; wherein the first region is the region around any one of the polar terminals 21 on the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2 of any one of the single batteries 2; wherein, the region around the polar terminal 21 is the region around the insulating member 7 on the polar terminal 21. The second region is the region of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 10. The region of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 is the peripheral region of the outer surface of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 10; or the region of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 is the hole wall of the avoidance hole 10.

[0119] Solution two: Inject glue into the annular gap between the avoidance hole 10 and the polar terminal 21 to realize the fixed seal between the region of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 and the housing of the single battery 2.

[0120] Compared with solution one, solution two does not need to adopt a welding process, the process is simple and the operation is convenient. Therefore, this embodiment adopts solution two. At the same time, as described in Embodiment 1, in order to improve the stability of the glue layer in the annular gap, at least part of the structure of the insulating member 7 sleeved on each polar terminal 21 in this embodiment extends into the avoidance hole 10 on the outer shell top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery, which is convenient for bonding with the first insulating sealant layer 19 located in the avoidance hole 10.

[0121] From Figure 12a and Figure 12b it can also be seen that in this embodiment, the insulating member 7 sleeved on each polar terminal 21 of the single battery 2 extends into the corresponding avoidance hole 10, and the first insulating sealant layer 19 is formed by injecting the first insulating sealant into the annular gap between the insulating member 7 and the avoidance hole 10, so as to realize the fixed seal between the region of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 and the housing of the single battery 2 (in order to facilitate showing the avoidance hole 10 in the figure, Figure 12a in, the first insulating sealant layer 19 is not shown in the annular gap on one side). Annular grooves or annular protrusions can also be provided on the hole wall of the avoidance hole 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the insulating member 7 along its circumferential direction to form a rabbet fit structure with the first insulating sealant layer 19, so as to further improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19.

[0122] When the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 fits tightly with the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, the first insulating sealant liquid may not penetrate into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1. However, when there is a large gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, during the process of injecting the first insulating sealant into the annular gap, under the action of gravity, the first insulating sealant liquid will inevitably flow into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 from the annular gap and the gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2. When the first insulating sealant liquid contains substances that can react with the electrolyte, it may affect the battery performance.

[0123] To overcome this problem, as Figure 12a and Figure 12b shown, in this embodiment, a sealing ring 20 is sleeved around the polar terminals 21 of each single cell 2. The bottom surface of the sealing ring 20 is in close contact with the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, and the top surface of the sealing ring 20 is in close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11. In addition to acting as a glue stopper, the sealing ring 20 also has a sealing function. Cooperating with the first insulating sealant, a better sealing effect can be achieved. To further improve the sealing performance, the inner ring surface of the sealing ring 20 is in close contact with the insulating member 7.

[0124] An L-shaped sealing ring can also be used, that is, the cross-section of the L-shaped sealing ring is L-shaped; the L-shaped sealing ring includes a horizontal sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface; the horizontal sealing surface is clamped between the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2 and the outer shell top plate 11, and the vertical sealing surface is located in the annular gap, and the outer ring surface of the vertical sealing surface is in close contact with the hole wall of the avoidance hole 10. Based on the fact that the vertical sealing surface can seal from the axial direction of the avoidance hole, in addition, the vertical sealing surface fits with the hole wall of the avoidance hole, which can position the L-shaped sealing ring and prevent the sealing ring 20 from falling off or shifting during the installation process.

[0125] The sealing ring 20 can be made of plastic material, which has a certain elasticity and does not react with the electrolyte. The sealing ring 20 may have no connection relationship with the upper cover plate 22 of the corresponding single cell 2. It is only placed in the corresponding position, and the outer shell top plate 11 can be used to press the sealing ring 20 against the upper cover plate 22 of the corresponding single cell 2. To prevent the sealing ring 20 from falling off or shifting during the installation process, the lower end of the sealing ring 20 can be bonded to the upper cover plate 22 of the corresponding single cell 2, or an annular groove for fixing the sealing ring 20 can be pre-opened on the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, and the sealing ring 20 can be fixed in the annular groove.

[0126] As Figure 12a and Figure 12bAs shown, a support member 16 extending in the x direction is provided between the outer shell bottom plate 12 and each single cell 2 to form a liquid channel as an electrolyte sharing chamber 13; the inner cavity electrolyte area of each single cell 2 is communicated with the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 by opening the second unpacking member 23 of the lower cover plate 24.

[0127] Figure 11 and Figure 12a and Figure 12b In [cases], on the outer shell top plate 11, a boss extending in the x direction is provided, and a gas channel is opened on the boss. The gas channel communicates with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 as a gas sharing chamber 14. The inner cavity gas area of each single cell 2 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 14 by opening the first unpacking member of the upper cover plate 22; when gas is generated in the inner cavity of the single cell 2, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 14 can also be used as a gas accommodation cavity to relieve the bulging problem of the outer shell 1 caused by gas generation.

[0128] In some other embodiments, when the upper cover plate 22 is not provided with a first unpacking member, the gas sharing chamber 14 covers above the gas ports of each single cell 2. At this time, the gas sharing chamber 14 is used as a venting channel. When the venting film at the gas port of any single cell 2 is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of this single cell 2 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 14, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 14, improving the safety of this large-capacity battery.

[0129] In some other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 or the gas sharing chamber 14 may be provided.

[0130] Embodiment 6

[0131] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery assembly, including a heat exchange device 6 and the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5 (functional structures are provided on the polar terminals of each single cell in this large-capacity battery); the heat exchange device 6 is used for heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device 6; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device 6; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0132] The heat exchange device 6 of this embodiment includes heat exchange pipe fittings, which have a first channel 611 and at least one row of second channel units; the first channel 611 extends in the x direction; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged in the x direction, and each second channel extends in the z direction and penetrates the first channel 611; and each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds one-to-one to the polar terminals 21 of the plurality of single cells 2 on the same side.

[0133] In this embodiment, mainly there is one row of second channel units and two rows of second channel units. The heat exchange pipe fitting with one row of second channel units can be defined as the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, and the heat exchange pipe fitting with two rows of second channel units can be defined as the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61.

[0134] The orthographic projection area of the second channel in the xy plane of the above two types of structural heat exchange pipe fittings needs to be slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21 (where the first part of the polar terminal 21 includes the part of the polar terminal 21 where the functional structure is provided and the electrical connection part 211 located at the upper end of this part) in the xy plane, to ensure that the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel, and in the z direction, the size of the second channel is smaller than the size of the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21, to ensure that the top of the first part of the polar terminal 21 serves as the electrical connection part 211 and protrudes from the second channel.

[0135] In some cases, the cross-sectional areas of the first part and the remaining parts of the polar terminal 21 are exactly equal. Therefore, it can be considered that only "the orthographic projection area of the second channel in the xy plane is slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the corresponding polar terminal 21 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, the size of the second channel is smaller than the size of the corresponding polar terminal 21" is required to ensure that the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 protrudes from the second channel.

[0136] Generally, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel (for the convenience of description, the two ports are respectively defined as the first port 612 and the second port 613, where the second port 613 is the port close to the electrical connection part 211) are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21. If the two ports of the second channel are round holes and the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is circular, then the diameter of the second channel needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first part of the polar terminal 21; if the two ports of the second channel are square holes and the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is square, then the area of the second channel port needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the first part of the polar terminal 21.

[0137] After fixing the above heat exchange pipe fittings on the top of the large-capacity battery, the parts of each polar terminal 21 with functional structures are inserted into the corresponding second channels, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 extends out of the second channel; the two ports of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polar terminal 21.

[0138] The inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe fitting (i.e., the inner cavity of the first channel 611) serves as the flow cavity for the heat exchange medium. The parts of the polar terminal 21 with functional structures are located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe fitting and are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; compared with the effect of the heat exchange medium in Chinese Patent CN118299714A indirectly exchanging heat with the polar terminal 21 through a tubular heat exchange part, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path (shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polar terminal 21" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal 21"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area (increased from "a card slot with a certain surface area" to "part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe fitting"), improving the heat exchange efficiency, and further improving the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. In addition, by setting functional structures, the heat exchange area can be further increased to further optimize the heat exchange effect.

[0139] It should be noted that:

[0140] 1. Since the polar terminal 21 of the present invention is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, as well as suitable working temperature, long life, non-corrosiveness, etc. In the present invention, the heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid, etc.

[0141] 2. Usually, two of the above first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are used as the heat exchange device 6, and the two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are respectively sleeved on the polar terminals 21 on different sides (they can be in contact with the top of the large-capacity battery or not).

[0142] When the above first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is in contact with both the polar terminal 21 and the top of the large-capacity battery at the same time, if the polar terminal 21 is electrically connected to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange pipe fitting, it will cause a short circuit. Therefore, it is necessary to insulate between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery, or the heat exchange pipe fitting and the polar terminal 21 can also be insulated; of course, the heat exchange pipe fitting can also be insulated from both the top of the large-capacity battery and the polar terminal 21; that is, as long as it is ensured that the polar terminal 21 cannot be electrically connected to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0143] Usually, the following methods can be used to solve the above problems:

[0144] 2.1. Select heat exchange pipe fittings made of insulating materials to achieve insulation between the heat exchange pipe fittings and the top of the large-capacity battery and the polarity terminal 21.

[0145] 2.2. When using heat exchange pipe fittings made of non-insulating materials, an insulating pad, insulating film or insulating paint can be added between the top of the large-capacity battery and the heat exchange pipe fittings to overcome this problem; an insulating pad, insulating film or insulating paint can also be added to the inner bottom surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings (the side of the heat exchange pipe fittings close to the top of the large-capacity battery) to overcome this problem; the wall of the heat exchange pipe fittings can also be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc., to overcome this problem; an insulating component ring can also be added between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange pipe fittings to overcome this problem; of course, for safety reasons, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to overcome this problem.

[0146] 3. Generally, one of the above-mentioned second heat exchange pipe fittings 61 is used as the heat exchange device 6, and two rows of second channel units are respectively sleeved on the polarity terminals 21 on different sides. Different from the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 is easy to contact the polarity terminals 21 of different polarities of the same single battery 2 at the same time. Therefore, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 must be insulated from the polarity terminal 21 to prevent the two polarity terminals 21 of different polarities from being conducted through the heat exchange pipe fitting, resulting in a short circuit; when the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 is insulated from the polarity terminal 21, the polarity terminal 21 cannot be electrically conducted to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange pipe fitting either.

[0147] The insulation between the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 and the polarity terminal 21 can be achieved in the following ways:

[0148] 3.1. Select heat exchange pipe fittings made of insulating materials to achieve insulation between the heat exchange pipe fittings and the polarity terminal 21, and at the same time achieve insulation between the heat exchange pipe fittings and the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0149] 3.2. When using heat exchange pipe fittings made of non-insulating materials, an insulating component ring is added between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange pipe fittings; the wall of the heat exchange pipe fittings is insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc.; for safety reasons, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to overcome this problem.

[0150] The following combines Figures 13 to 21 , and a detailed description will be given to the large-capacity battery assembly with the above two types of heat exchange pipe fittings in this embodiment;

[0151] As Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, they are respectively the structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery assembly using the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in this embodiment;

[0152] The structure of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is as Figure 15 andFigure 16 As shown, it includes a pipe body, in which a first channel 611 and twelve second channels (the twelve second channels form a row of second channel units) are provided; the number of second channels is the same as the number of single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery. In some other embodiments, the number of second channels can be adjusted according to the number of single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery.

[0153] The present utility model does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the pipe body. Since the heat exchange pipe fitting in this embodiment is placed on the top of the planar large-capacity battery, considering the structural regularity, it can be seen from the figure that the pipe body in this embodiment is a rectangular pipe. In some other embodiments, a circular pipe or a pipe with other structural forms can also be used.

[0154] The above-mentioned first channel 611 is a channel opened along the length direction of the pipe body. In the present utility model, after the heat exchange pipe fitting is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the length direction of the pipe body is the same as the arrangement direction of the single cells 2 (the arrangement direction of the single cells 2 is the x direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the first channel 611 extends along the x direction. The two end ports of the first channel 611 serve as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0155] The above-mentioned second channel is a channel that penetrates the pipe wall of the pipe body and communicates with the first channel 611. In the present utility model, after the heat exchange pipe fitting is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the extending direction of the second channel is the same as the height direction of the single cells 2 (the height direction of the single cells 2 is the z direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the second channel extends along the z direction.

[0156] In addition, multiple second channels need to correspond one by one to the polarity terminals 21 on the same side of multiple single cells 2; when it is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the electrical connection parts 211 of the polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 pass through the first ports 612 of the corresponding second channels and extend out from the second ports 613. Here, the second port 613 is the port close to the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21; the parts with functional structures of each polarity terminal 21 are located in the inner cavity of the first channel 611.

[0157] In this embodiment, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21. The shapes of the two ports of the second channel are circular, and the cross-section of the polarity terminal 21 is also circular, and the diameters of the two ports of the second channel are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 21; in some other embodiments, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21, as long as it is ensured that the polarity terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel.

[0158] From Figure 13As can be seen, the large-capacity battery assembly in this embodiment includes two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60. The two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are respectively sleeved on the polarity terminals 21 on different sides based on the second channels, and the two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are connected in series through the connecting pipe 9. In some other embodiments, the two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 can also be connected in parallel.

[0159] In this embodiment, by using the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 made of insulating material, insulation between the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 and the top of the large-capacity battery as well as the polarity terminal 21 is achieved.

[0160] In addition, since an insulating heat exchange medium flows inside the heat exchange pipe fitting, the sealing performance between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the polarity terminal 21 is particularly important.

[0161] From Figure 17 it can be seen that when the single battery 2 shown in Figure 9 is adopted, a second annular gasket 63 is sleeved in the second annular groove 5 of each polarity terminal 21; the bottom surface of the outer edge of the second annular gasket 63 is hermetically connected to the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, realizing the sealing between each second port 613 of the second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal 21. The upper end surface of the insulating member 7 serves as the supporting surface of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, and a sealing glue layer is coated or a sealing gasket is added between the insulating member 7 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 to realize the sealing between each first port 612 of the second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal 21.

[0162] Since the second annular gasket 63 is embedded in the second annular groove 5, therefore, in cooperation with the insulating member 7, the second annular gasket 63 can also limit the position of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in the z direction, improving the stability of the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0163] It should be noted that:

[0164] 1. Since the second annular gasket 63 needs to be embedded in the second annular groove 5, the second annular gasket 63 needs to have a certain elasticity in its radial direction, so as to be sleeved on the polarity terminal 21 and embedded in the second annular groove 5 through the electrical connection part 211.

[0165] 2. The sealing connection method between the bottom surface of the outer edge of the second annular gasket 63 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can be selected according to the material of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. For example, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of insulating material. Therefore, the sealing connection between the two can be realized by coating sealing glue between the outer edge of the second annular gasket 63 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. When the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of metal material, a sealing gasket can be added between the two, and the two are hermetically connected by screws.

[0166] From Figure 18It can be seen that when using the Figure 10 monolithic battery 2 shown, the sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the corresponding second port 613 of the second channel can be achieved through the first annular gasket 62; specifically, the first annular gasket 62 is sleeved on each polar terminal 21, and the bottom surface of the inner edge of the first annular gasket 62 is crimped on the step surface of the step structure 4 and is hermetically connected to the polar terminal 21; the bottom surface of the outer edge is hermetically connected to the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. The upper end surface of the insulating member 7 serves as the supporting surface of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, and a sealant layer is coated or a sealing gasket is added between the insulating member 7 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 to achieve the sealing between each first port 612 of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminal 21.

[0167] Similarly, since the first annular gasket 62 is hermetically connected to the polar terminal 21, the first annular gasket 62 and the insulating member 7 cooperate to limit the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in the z direction and improve the stability of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60.

[0168] It should be noted that:

[0169] The material of the first annular gasket 62 and the sealing connection method between the first annular gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can be selected according to the material of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. For example, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of an insulating material, so a first annular gasket 62 made of a metal material can be selected. The first annular gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 can be hermetically connected by welding, and the first annular gasket 62 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can be hermetically connected by bonding; when the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of a metal material, the first annular gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can all be hermetically connected by welding.

[0170] In some other embodiments, an O-ring 20 can also be added between the polar terminal 21 and the two ports of the second channel to achieve sealing.

[0171] As Figure 19 and Figure 20 shown, for the large-capacity battery assembly using the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61, the structure of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 is specifically as Figure 21 shown. Different from the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, it includes two rows of second channel units, and the multiple second channels thereon correspond to all the polar terminals 21 of the multiple monolithic batteries 2 one by one; that is, in this embodiment, the parts of all the polar terminals 21 with functional structures are located in the same first channel 611.

[0172] Sealing plates can be added at both ends of the first channel 611, and holes are opened in the sealing plates to serve as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 respectively.

[0173] The second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 made of an insulating medium is also adopted to insulate the heat exchange pipe fitting from the polar terminal 21. The sealing method between each polar terminal 21 and the two ports of the second channel is the same as above and will not be elaborated here.

[0174] It should be noted that since the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 basically covers the top of the entire large-capacity battery, it is not convenient to set a gas sharing chamber 14 with a relatively large z-direction dimension on the top of such large-capacity batteries. Each single battery 2 can achieve gas communication through the through holes opened on its upper cover plate 22 to achieve gas balance.

[0175] In some other embodiments, the heat exchange device 6 can also be a half-tube structure (the half-tube mentioned here can be understood as dividing the whole tube axially into two halves, and each half is a half-tube), and through holes for the electrical connection parts 211 of each polar terminal 21 to pass through are opened on the tube wall. Such a heat exchange device 6 is hermetically buckled on the top of the large-capacity battery. The space between the half-tube and the top of the large-capacity battery serves as the heat exchange medium flow space, and the part of the polar terminal 21 with a functional structure is located in the heat exchange medium flow chamber.

[0176] Embodiment 7

[0177] This embodiment is another large-capacity battery assembly. Different from Embodiment 6, on the basis of Embodiment 6, a second insulating sealant layer 15 is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0178] The specific structure is as Figure 22 and Figure 23 shown. Taking the addition of the second insulating sealant layer 15 on the basis of the large-capacity battery assemblies shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14 as an example, the second insulating sealant layer 15 covers the top of the large-capacity battery and wraps the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0179] In order to improve the stability of the second insulating sealant layer 15, the outer shell 1 of the large-capacity battery can also be spray-coated in this embodiment. On the one hand, it can insulate the aluminum outer shell 1. On the other hand, compared with the bonding strength with the aluminum outer shell 1, the insulating sealant is more easily bonded to the spray-coated outer layer and has a relatively high bonding strength, thereby making the second insulating sealant layer 15 have relatively high stability. In addition, the bonding strength can be better achieved by matching the types of the spray-coated material and the second insulating sealant.

[0180] The first insulating sealant layer 19 and the second insulating sealant layer 15 can be regarded as a whole, which can not only seal the part of the avoidance hole 10, but also have at least the following advantages:

[0181] First, further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange pipe fitting;

[0182] Specifically, when the sealing method of Embodiment 6 is adopted and the sealing between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21 is completed, if there are still tiny gaps between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21, the insulating sealant liquid that constitutes the second insulating sealant layer 15 seeps into the tiny gaps between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21, and further seals the gaps radially (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the first channel 611 through the tiny gaps);

[0183] II. Anti-condensation;

[0184] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange pipe fitting, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short-circuit problem; by laying the second insulating sealant layer 15 on the top of the heat exchange pipe fitting, when condensation occurs on the surface of the heat exchange pipe fitting, the situation of battery short-circuit can be prevented under the protection of the second insulating sealant layer 15;

[0185] III. Realize the insulation between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery;

[0186] When using a heat exchange pipe fitting made of non-insulating material, when the insulating sealant completely wraps around the outside of the heat exchange pipe fitting, the insulation of such a heat exchange pipe fitting can be realized, and the insulation performance between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery can be further improved.

[0187] IV. Improve the stability of the heat exchange pipe fitting;

[0188] Since the heat exchange pipe fitting is completely wrapped by the second insulating sealant layer, the stability of the heat exchange pipe fitting on the large-capacity battery can be further improved.

[0189] From Figure 22 and Figure 23 It can also be seen that the electrical connection parts 211 of each polar terminal 21 all extend out of the second insulating sealant layer 15 for facilitating connection with the electrical connection component assembly. The electrical connection component assembly is an electrical connection component for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 2 in the large-capacity battery and / or the series connection of adjacent large-capacity batteries. At the same time, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange pipe fitting both expose the second insulating sealant layer 15, which is convenient for connecting with an external heat exchange device storing a heat exchange medium.

[0190] In some other embodiments, after connecting the electrical connection component to the polar terminal 21, the second insulating sealant layer 15 can be laid on the top of the large-capacity battery, that is, the second insulating sealant layer 15 completely covers the polar terminal 21 of the single battery 2 and the connection part between the electrical connection component and the polar terminal 21; in the whole large-capacity battery, when the outer shell 1 is insulated, only the free end of the electrical connection component (for realizing the series connection of the large-capacity battery) is exposed and charged, and the rest are insulated, making such a large-capacity battery have higher safety performance.

[0191] In order to prevent the problem of glue overflow during the glue injection process, in this embodiment, a partial structure of the housing 1 is used as a glue baffle. The following will be combined with Figure 24 and Figure 25 to describe the structure of the housing 1 in this embodiment in detail.

[0192] As Figure 24 shown, it is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the housing 1 in this embodiment. The housing 1 is disassembled into a cylindrical body 17 with open ends at both ends and end plates 18 covering the open ends of the cylindrical body 17. The structure of the cylindrical body 17 is as Figure 25 shown. Both ends of the cylindrical body 17 are open ends, that is, the open ends of the cylindrical body 17 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the cylindrical body side plate 171 is higher than the height of the cylindrical body top plate 172; the part of the cylindrical body side plate 171 higher than the cylindrical body top plate 172 is used as a glue baffle. The cylindrical body 17 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient for processing. At the same time, it has good sealing performance compared with the split structure.

Claims

1. A top cover assembly for a single cell, characterized in that: It includes an upper cover plate, an insulating member and a polar terminal; The insulating member is sleeved on the polar terminal, and the polar terminal is fixed on the upper cover plate through the insulating member; at least part of the structure of the insulating member is used to extend into the avoidance hole of the outer shell top plate in the large-capacity battery and bond with the first insulating sealant layer in the avoidance hole.

2. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the insulating member is not lower than the plane where the outer shell top plate in the large-capacity battery is located.

3. The upper cover assembly for the single cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: A functional structure is provided on the polar terminal, and this functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal.

4. The upper cover assembly for the single cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side surface of the polar terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal.

5. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The functional structure is at least one through hole opened on the polar terminal, and the through hole penetrates the polar terminal along the x direction.

6. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of dividing rib plates are provided on the inner wall of the through hole; the plurality of dividing rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and each dividing rib plate extends along the axial direction of the through hole.

7. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one level of step structure is arranged on the side surface of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal.

8. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one second annular groove is arranged on the side surface of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal.

9. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first unpacking member is further provided on the upper cover plate.

10. A single cell, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell body and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the outer shell body; the outer shell body is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a cylindrical body and a lower cover assembly; the upper cover assembly is the upper cover assembly for a single cell as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The single cell according to claim 10, characterized in that: The lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate and a second unpacking member provided on the lower cover plate.

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