Centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things

Abstract

The utility model discloses an Internet of Things integrated controller based on NB-IoT and Lora, which comprises an electric quantity detection circuit, an MCU control circuit, a communication circuit, a power supply and a Lora communication circuit, and is characterized in that the electric quantity detection circuit takes an electric energy metering chip U1 as a core to measure three-phase power frequency alternating current, voltage, power and electric energy; the MCU control circuit takes a microprocessor UC2 as a core to realize control and information transmission of each chip and module of the Internet of Things integrated controller; the communication circuit takes a narrowband Internet of Things communication module ME1 as a core to realize internal and external communication of the Internet of Things integrated controller; the power supply and Lora communication circuit comprises a Lora communication circuit and a power supply circuit, the Lora communication circuit is connected with the MCU control circuit through a communication module ML1, and the power supply circuit is connected with the electric quantity detection circuit to supply power to the Internet of Things integrated controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of Internet of Things central controllers, and specifically, to an NB-IoT and Lora-based Internet of Things central controller. Background Art

[0002] As a communication technology that connects all things, the Internet of Things has been widely applied in application fields such as industrial Internet, smart agriculture, smart home, and smart meter reading. Among them, the narrowband Internet of Things NB-IoT has won people's favor in occasions where the state of objects needs to be monitored wirelessly over a long distance due to its advantages of large connection, wide coverage, low power consumption, deep penetration, and low cost. The narrowband Internet of Things NB-IoT has a wide range of applications. Road lighting, building lighting, cultural and tourism lighting, various landscape lighting, and some electrical appliances with a large number, wide distribution, and requiring remote intelligent monitoring often need to adopt the technology of the narrowband Internet of Things NB-IoT to achieve.

[0003] Lora communication technology is a technology that has been gradually widely applied in recent years and is also a low-power consumption and long-distance communication technology. However, different from the NB-IoT narrowband communication technology, its communication distance is only about 1KM to 10KM, and it can self-organize into a local area network through a gateway. Its main advantage is that in some application occasions of medium and short-distance communication, it does not need to rely on a base station to transmit signals, saving the need to purchase a data card and data fees.

[0004] The intelligent central controller is a remote monitoring device that integrates functions such as current, voltage, active and reactive power measurement, power metering, and monitoring of multiple electrical appliance controllers (intelligent relay switches). It is generally installed in the on-site power distribution system cabinet. The schematic diagram of its networking and operation system can be seen in the attached Figure 5 . The central controller communicates with the remote human-computer interaction monitoring system through certain wireless communication technologies (such as GPRS / 3G / LTE) or Lora upwards, receives instructions sent from the human-computer interaction system, and at the same time can upload the on-site electrical parameter data and controller status information collected by the central controller; downwards, it is connected to each on-site electrical appliance controller through a 485 bus, and can perform operations such as limit setting and timed on / off for each circuit of each controller, and at the same time can also receive the current, voltage and other status information from each controller, so as to realize the control and monitoring of the entire on-site power distribution system.

[0005] At present, similar-function wireless remote controllers on the market generally adopt Internet of Things communication technologies such as GPRS / 3G / LTE, and have disadvantages such as wide frequency band occupation, limited connection quantity, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems in the related technologies, the present invention proposes a centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0007] To this end, the specific technical solutions adopted in this utility model are as follows:

[0008] A centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things, including power detection circuit, MCU control circuit, communication circuit, power supply and Lora communication circuit,

[0009] The power detection circuit uses the power metering chip U1 as its core to measure three-phase industrial frequency AC current and voltage, power and energy.

[0010] The MCU control circuit uses the microprocessor UC2 as its core to control and transmit information to each chip and module of the IoT centralized controller;

[0011] The communication circuit is centered around the narrowband IoT communication module ME1, enabling internal and external communications of the IoT centralized controller.

[0012] The power supply and Lora communication circuit includes a Lora communication circuit and a power supply circuit. The Lora communication circuit is connected to the MCU control circuit through the communication module ML1, and the power supply circuit is connected to the power detection circuit to provide power for the IoT centralized controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the three-phase current and the neutral current are connected to the current channel of the energy metering chip U1 through the terminal P1, and the three-phase voltage is connected to the voltage channel of the energy metering chip U1 through the terminal P2. The diodes D1 to D3 perform half-wave rectification on the three-phase voltage connected to P2 to obtain a DC voltage which is connected to the power supply and the L and N terminals of the Lora communication circuit through the L and N terminals. The REFCAP pin of U1 is connected to the reference voltage filter circuit, the OSCI and OSCO pins of U1 are connected to the clock circuit, the RST pin of U1 is connected to the power-on reset circuit, and the DOUT, DIN, SCLK, The CS pin serves as an SPI interface and is connected to the MISO, MOSI, SCK and CS terminals through RC filtering circuits. The REVP terminal of U1 indicates the positive and negative level signals of the electric power. The SIG pin of U1 indicates the signal that the calibration is completed. The CF1 of U1 is the pulse signal output by the active calibration. The TEST, GVDD and GND of U1 are all connected to the GND ground, and together with the power supply pin, they provide the working power supply of U1. The AGND and REFOUT pins of U1 are connected to the center line SGND of each IV conversion and filtering network to provide bias power for the IV conversion and filtering network.

[0014] Further, pins PB12 to PB15 and PC6 to PC9 of the microprocessor UC2 are respectively connected to the power metering chip U1 through the CS, SCK, MISO, MOSI, REVP, RST, SIG, and SEL terminals to receive the power detection data of U1 and set the functions and modes of U1, etc. Pins PB12 to PB15 are used to receive detection data; pins PA9 to PA12 are respectively connected to the ECRX, ECTX, ECRST, and ECPOW terminals and connected to the corresponding terminals of the communication circuit to implement operations such as sending and receiving data, resetting, and powering on of the communication module ML1; pins PA4 to PA7, PC4 to PC5, and PB0 to PB1 are respectively connected to the RaNSS, RaSCK, RaMISO, RaMOSI, RaRST, RaTXE, RaRXE, and RaBUSY terminals and connected to the corresponding terminals of the power supply and Lora communication circuit to implement operations such as sending and receiving data, resetting, transmit-receive enabling, and communication detection of the communication module ML1.

[0015] Further, UC1 of the MCU control circuit is a clock chip, providing the current calendar and time for timing control; UC3 is a data storage chip, storing necessary set parameters; UC4 is a uP supervision chip, which is the power supervision chip for the microprocessor; UC5 is a rail-to-rail operational amplifier, preprocessing the input analog signal; UC6 is an optoelectronic coupler, realizing electrical isolation for the input of digital signals; YC1 is an 8MHz active crystal oscillator, and the 3rd pin of YC1 is connected to the OSCIN pin of UC2, providing a clock signal for U2; MC1 is a 485 communication module, realizing isolated transmission; the RX and TX pins of the socket PC3 are connected to pins PA3 and PA2 of UC2, which are the asynchronous communication pins of UC2; the other ends of the RX and TX of PC3 are connected to the touch screen HTM-H043A10-A5-UART-RTP, realizing the operation of UC2 on the touch screen; pins 3 and 4 of PC3 provide 5V working power for the touch screen; the socket PC4 is an external manual reset pin, realizing manual reset operation; the socket PC1 is an emulation and debugging socket.

[0016] Further, the ADC4 pin of the narrowband Internet of Things communication module ME1 collects analog signals. The IO1, IO8 to IO9 pins are digital signal pins that can input or output digital signals. The connector PE1 connects ME1 and the MCU control circuit to achieve the transmission of reset signals and power-on signals, as well as the setting and data communication of ME1. The SIM0_DATA, SIM0_RST, and SIM0_CLK pins of ME1 are used to establish the operation of ME1 on the SIM card. The IO5 pin of ME1 is connected to the DE3 light-emitting diode to indicate the status of whether the server is connected. The UART0_RTS_IO6 pin of ME1 is connected to the DE2 light-emitting diode to indicate whether the network is connected. The VO_LDO1833IO of ME1 is connected to the base of the triode QE2, enabling the TX signal to be sent to the ECTX terminal through the conduction of QE2. The NB_RF pin of ME1 is the antenna pin; CE3 and CE4 provide smoothing and high-frequency filtering for the 4.2V power supply of ME1; DE1 is an electrostatic protection device to prevent ME1 from being damaged by excessive static voltage; CE6 and CE7 provide smoothing and high-frequency filtering for the 3V power supply of the SIM card produced by ME1; RE14 is a resistor for short-circuiting. The V_BAT of ME1 is connected to the 4.2V power supply, and the SIM_VCC of the SIM card holder is connected to the 3V power supply of the SIM card produced by ME1, thereby enabling ME1 and the SIM card to work.

[0017] Further, the NSS, MOSI, MISO, and SCK pins of the communication module ML1 are connected to the MCU control circuit for data communication with UC2. The RESET, TXEN, RXEN, and BUSY pins of ML1 are connected to the MCU control circuit to reset ML1, enable data transmission, enable data reception, and detect the module status. The DIO3 pin controls the conduction or cut-off of the triode QL1 to suppress excessive static voltage and protect the chip connected to the pin. UL1 is a low-dropout voltage regulator chip that provides the working power for ML1.

[0018] Further, the power supply circuit includes an AC-DC power supply bare board module MP1. The AC_L, AC_N, and PE of MP1 are connected to the power detection circuit. The DC+ and DC- pins of MP1 output a 5V voltage and output it to the voltage regulator chips UP1 and UP2. The VOUT pin of UP1 outputs a 3.3V power supply to provide the common 3.3V power supply required by the circuit. The VOUT pin of UP2 outputs a 4.2V voltage as the working power supply of the communication circuit. The VO and 0V terminals of the AC-DC power supply bare board module MP2 generate a 5V power supply isolated from the input 5V and supply it to the external circuit through the PC5 terminal of the MCU control circuit.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0020] 1. In addition to the basic functions of power metering, real-time electrical parameter detection, and communication with distributed electrical controllers, this application mainly adopts the narrowband Internet of Things technology based on NB-IoT in terms of Internet of Things communication. Considering that the amount of data transmitted by the centralized controller at one time is not much (not transmitting video and voice information), the requirement for the data exchange transmission rate is not high, and it is often installed in a control cabinet made of metal materials, which requires strong signal penetration, adopting NB-IoT is a better choice;

[0021] 2. This application also adopts Lora communication technology. When the location of the human-computer interaction system (such as a computer in the monitoring room) is not far from the site, Lora technology can be used for communication without passing through a base station. The use of the two communication technologies can be selected or used simultaneously according to the actual application situation to obtain the best effect;

[0022] 3. This application also has two analog input signal interfaces, one digital signal input, and one digital signal output interface. Through these interfaces, the detection of on-site alarm information, temperature and humidity, and other physical signals can be expanded, and special digital signals can also be output to control the operation of related electrical equipment;

[0023] 4. This application simultaneously has narrowband Internet of Things NB-IoT and Lora far / near-distance wireless communication networking technologies, which can be selected or used simultaneously;

[0024] 5. This application has a 4.3-inch touch TFT display for the monitoring human-computer interface of the lower computer (electrical controller);

[0025] 6. This application has interfaces for 2-channel analog information input and 2-channel digital information input / output;

[0026] 7. This application can monitor up to 16 lower computers (electrical controllers). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is the circuit diagram of the power detection circuit of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 is the circuit diagram of the MCU control circuit of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 is the circuit diagram of the communication circuit of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 is the circuit diagram of the power supply and Lora communication circuit of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the existing centralized controller operation system in the background technology of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figures 1-4 described, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, a NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things centralized controller is provided, including a power detection circuit, an MCU control circuit, a communication circuit, and a power supply and Lora communication circuit.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the power detection circuit includes:

[0037] Resistors: R1 to R6, R21 to R26, all 49.9 Ω; R7 to 20, all 1.2 KΩ; R27 to R28, all 100 Ω; R29 to R31, all 200 KΩ / 1W; R32, all 10 KΩ.

[0038] Capacitors: C1 to C6, C9 to C16, ceramic capacitors 33 nF; C7, C21, C26, C27, ceramic capacitors 10 uF / 16V; C8, C20, C28, C29, ceramic capacitors 100 nF; C17, ceramic capacitor 220 nF; C18 to C19, ceramic capacitors 15 pF; C22 to C25, ceramic capacitors 10 pF.

[0039] Diodes: D1 to D3, rectifier diodes M7.

[0040] Integrated circuit: three-phase power metering chip ATT7022EU.

[0041] Connectors: P1: current input terminal block, model 125V-5.0-8P-14-00AH; P2: voltage input terminal block, model 125V-5.0-5P-14-00AH; P3: active calibration output socket, model JPz.5-2.

[0042] Current transformers: IT1 to IT3: current transformer TA1013A-1M; IT4: leakage current sensor ZMCTLY-30; UT1 to UT3: voltage transformer SPT204A.

[0043] The power detection circuit is centered around the power metering chip U1. The first pin of U1 is connected to one end of R32, C17, and the RST terminal respectively. The second pin is connected to the SIG terminal. The third pin is connected to one end of R7 and C1. The fourth pin is connected to one end of R8 and C2. The fifth pin is connected to one end of C7 and C8. The sixth pin is connected to one end of R9 and C3. The seventh pin is connected to one end of R10 and C4. The eighth, eleventh, and fifteenth pins are connected to SGND. The ninth pin is connected to one end of R11 and C5. The tenth pin is connected to one end of R12 and C6. The twelfth and eighteenth pins are connected to one end of C26, C28 and connected to 3V3. The thirteenth pin is connected to one end of R13 and C9. The fourteenth pin is connected to one end of R14 and C10. The sixteenth pin is connected to one end of R15 and C11. The seventeenth pin is connected to one end of R16 and C12. The nineteenth pin is connected to one end of R17 and C13. The twentieth pin is connected to one end of R18 and C14. The twenty-first pin is connected to one end of R19 and C15. The twenty-second pin is connected to one end of R20 and C16. The twenty-third and twenty-fourth pins are connected to GND. The twenty-fifth, twenty-seventh, twenty-ninth to thirty-second pins are left floating. The twenty-sixth pin is connected to the SEL terminal. The twenty-eighth pin is connected to the first pin of P3. The thirty-third pin is connected to GND. The thirty-fourth pin is connected to one end of C20, C21 and 3V3. The thirty-fifth pin is connected to one end of R36 and C24. The thirty-sixth pin is connected to one end of R35 and C23. The thirty-seventh pin is connected to one end of R34 and C22. The thirty-eighth pin is connected to one end of R33. The thirty-ninth pin is connected to one end of C27 and C29. The fortieth pin is connected to the REVP terminal. The forty-first pin is connected to 3V3. The forty-second pin is connected to the second pin of Y1 and one end of C19. The forty-third pin is connected to the first pin of Y1 and one end of C18. The forty-fourth pin and the second pin of P3 are connected to GND.

[0044] Among them, the other ends of C1 to C6, C9 to C16 are all connected to SGND; the other ends of R7 to R12 are respectively connected to one end of R1 to R6 and both ends of the secondary windings of IT1 to IT3; the other ends of R1 to R6 are connected to SGND; the other ends of C7 to C8, C17, C18 to C28 are connected to GND; the other ends of R13 to R20 are respectively connected to one end of R21 to R28 and both ends of the secondary windings of VT1 to VT3, IT4; the other ends of R21 to R28 are connected to SGND; the other end of R32 is connected to 3V3; the other ends of R33 to R36 are respectively connected to the MISO, MOSI, SCK, CS terminals, and the end of R33 is also connected to one end of C25.

[0045] Among them, both ends of the primary windings of IT1 to IT4 are respectively connected to pins 1 to 8 of P1; one ends of VTI to VT3 are respectively connected to one ends of R29 to R31, and the other ends of VTI to VT3 are connected to the 4th pin and the N terminal of P2; the other ends of R29 to R31 are respectively connected to the positive electrodes of D1 to D3 and pins 1 to 3 of P2, and the negative electrodes of D1 to D3 are all connected to the L terminal; the 5th pin of P2 is connected to the E terminal.

[0046] Working principle of the power detection circuit part: U1 is a dedicated three-phase power metering chip, responsible for measuring three-phase industrial frequency alternating current, voltage, power, and electric energy. The three-phase currents and the neutral line current are respectively connected to the primary coils of the current transformers IT1 to IT4 through the terminal block P1, and their secondary coils are respectively connected to the current channel pins V1P to V1N, V3P to V3N, V5P to V5N, V7P to V7N of U1 through the I-V conversion and filtering networks of each phase. The three-phase voltages are connected to the primary coils of the voltage transformers VT1 to VT3 through the terminal block P2 and the current-limiting resistors R29 to R31, and their secondary coils are respectively connected to the voltage channel pins V2P to V2N, V4P to V4N, V6P to V6N of U1 through the I-V conversion and filtering networks of each phase; R1 to R2, R7 to R8, C1 to C2 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the A-phase current, R3 to R4, R9 to R10, C3 to C4 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the B-phase current, R5 to R6, R11 to R12, C5 to C6 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the C-phase current, and R27 to R28, R19 to R20, C15 to C16 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the neutral line current; R21 to R22, R13 to R14, C9 to C10 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the A-phase voltage, R23 to R24, R15 to R16, C11 to C12 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the B-phase voltage, R25 to R26, R17 to R18, C13 to C14 constitute the I-V conversion and filtering network for the C-phase voltage; D1 to D3 perform half-wave rectification on the three-phase voltages connected to P2, and the obtained DC voltage is connected to the L and N terminals of the "power supply and Lora communication circuit part" through the L and N terminals; C7 to C8 connected to the REFCAP pin of U1 filter the reference voltage generated at this pin; C18 to C19 and Y1 connected to the OSCI and OSCO pins of U1 constitute the clock circuit for U1 to work; R32 and C17 connected to the RST pin of U1 form the power-on reset circuit of U1, and at the same time, it is connected to the RST terminal of the "MCU control circuit part" through the RST terminal; The DOUT, DIN, SCLK, and CS pins of U1 are used as the SPI interface form and are respectively connected to the MISO, MOSI, SCK, and CS terminals through the RC filter circuit composed of R33 to R36 and C22 to C25. These 4 terminals are the terminals for transmitting the data of the power conversion result, and they are connected to the corresponding 4 terminals of the "MCU control circuit part"; The REVP terminal of U1 is the level signal indicating the positive and negative of the electric power, and this pin is also connected to the REVP terminal of the "MCU control circuit part" through the REVP terminal; The SIG pin of U1 indicates the signal indicating the completion of meter calibration, and SEL is the selection signal for the three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire modes. Both are connected to the corresponding terminals of the "MCU control circuit part" through the SIG and SEL terminals; CF1 of U1 is the pulse signal output for active calibration, and it is connected to the P2 socket and can be led out for measurement; C20 to C21 are connected to the VCC pin of U1 and play a role in the internal VCC power supply part of 3.The smoothing and high-frequency filtering functions of the 3V power supply; C26 and C28 are connected to the AVCC pin of U1, and play the same role in the internal AVCC power supply part (i.e., the power supply for the analog signal part); C27 and C29 are connected to the VDD pin of U1 to decouple the 1.8V voltage output from this pin; the TEST, GVDD, and GND of U1 are all connected to the GND, and together with the power supply pins, they provide the working power for U1; the AGND and REFOUT pins of U1 are connected to the center line SGND of each I-V conversion and filtering network to provide a bias power supply for the I-V conversion and filtering network.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the MCU control circuit includes:

[0048] Resistors: RC1~RC3, RC5~RC7, RC11, RC13 are all 4.7KΩ; RC4, RC12, RC17 are all 1KΩ; RC8 is 10Ω; RC9~RC10, RC14~RC16, RC18 are all 10KΩ.

[0049] Capacitors: CC1~CC2, CC7 are all ceramic capacitors of 8uF; CC3~CC6, CC8~CC12 are all ceramic capacitors of 100nF.

[0050] Diodes: DC1~DC2 are all fast diodes IN4148.

[0051] Integrated circuits: UC1 uses the clock chip SD3078 or SD3178; UC2 uses the microcontroller STM32F103RC; UC3 uses the storage chip FM24C128; UC4 uses the uP supervision chip SP706RE; UC5 uses the operational amplifier LMV358; UC6~UC7 use the optoelectronic coupler PC817;

[0052] Connectors: PC1 uses the debugging socket JP2.5-5; PC2 uses the 485 communication terminal block MX396V-3.96-4P-1-2; PC3 is the socket JP2.5-4 for connecting the touch screen HTM-H043A10-A5-UART-RTP; PC4 is the manual reset socket JP2.5-2; PC5 is the digital signal terminal block MX396V-3.96-4P-1-2; PC6 is the analog signal terminal block MX396V-3.96-4P-1-2.

[0053] MC1 is the communication module RS485_V1.0; YC1 is the 8MHz active crystal oscillator KONA3B; BT is the rechargeable battery MS621.

[0054] The MCU control circuit takes the microprocessor UC2 as the core. Pins 1, 13, 19, 32, 48, and 64 of UC2 are all connected to 3V3. Pin 2 is connected to one end of RC4. Pins 3 - 4, 6, 14 - 15, 41, 50, 56 - 57, and 62 are left floating. Pin 5 is connected to pin 3 of YC1. Pin 7 is connected to one end of RC9, CC7, and pin 7 of UC4. Pin 8 is connected to pin 5 of UC4. Pin 9 is connected to the negative pole of DC2. Pin 10 is connected to pin 7 of UC5 and one end of RC10. Pin 11 is connected to pins 1 and 2 of UC5. Pins 12, 18, 28, 31, 47, 60, and 63 are all connected to GND. Pin 16 is connected to pin 2 of PC3. Pin 17 is connected to pin 1 of PC3. Pins 20 - 27 are respectively connected to the RaNSS, RaSCK, RaMISO, RaMOSI, RaRST, RaTXE, RaRXE, and RaBUSY terminals. Pin 29 is connected to pin 5 of UC3 and one end of RC6. Pin 30 is connected to pin 6 of UC and one end of RC5. Pins 33 - 40 are respectively connected to the CS, SCK, MISO, MOSI, REVP, RST, SIG, and SEL terminals. Pins 42 - 45 are respectively connected to the ECRX, ECTX, ECRST, and ECPOW terminals. Pin 46 is connected to pin 2 of PC1. Pin 49 is connected to pin 3 of PC1. Pin 51 is connected to pin 6 of MC1. Pin 52 is connected to pin 5 of MC1. Pin 53 is connected to one end of RC12. Pin 54 is connected to one end of RC11 and pin 4 of UC6. Pin 55 is connected to pin 5 of PC1. Pin 58 is connected to pin 1 of UC1 and one end of RC1. Pin 59 is connected to pin 8 of UC1 and one end of RC2. Pin 61 is connected to pin 7 of UC1 and one end of RC3.

[0055] In addition, the other ends of RC1 - RC3, RC5 - RC6, and RC11 are all connected to 3V3; the other end of RC4 is connected to GND; both ends of RC8 are respectively connected to pin 1 and pin 8 of UC4; one end of RC7 is connected to pin 6 of UC4 and the positive poles of DC1 and DC2; the other ends of RC7 and RC9 are connected to 3V3; the other end of RC12 is connected to pin 1 of UC7; one end of RC17 is connected to pin 1 of UC6, and the other end is connected to pin 3 of PC5; RC13 is connected to pin 2 of PC5 and pin 4 of UC7, and the other end is connected to G5V; the other end of RC10 is connected to pin 6 of UC5 and one end of RC14; one end of RC15 is connected to pin 3 of PC6 and pin 5 of UC5; one ends of RC16 and RC18 are connected to pin 3 of UC5; the other ends of RC14 - RC16 are connected to GND; the other end of RC18 is connected to pin 2 of PC6; one ends of CC1 - CC3, CC5 - CC6, and CC8 - CC12 are all connected to 3V3, and the other ends of CC1 - CC12 are all connected to GND.

[0056] Secondly, pin 3 of UC1, pin 8 of UC3, pin 8 of UC5, pin 4 of YC1, pin 2 of UC4, and pin 7 of MC1 are all connected to 3V3. Pin 6 of UC1, pins 1 to 4 and 7 of UC3, pin 2 of YC1, pin 2 of UC4, and pin 7 of MC1 are all connected to GND. Pins 2 and 4 of UC1 and pin 1 of YC1 are left floating. Pin 5 of UC1 is connected to one end of CC4 and the positive terminal of BT1, and the negative terminal of BT1 is connected to GND. Pin 3 of UC6, pin 2 of UC7, and pin 4 of UC5 are connected to GND. Pin 3 of PC3, pin 8 of MC1, and pin 4 of PC6 are connected to 5V, and pin 4 of PC3, pin 1 of PC4, pin 9 of MC1, and pin 1 of PC6 are connected to GND. Pin 4 of PC5 is connected to G5V, and pin 1 is connected to GGND. Pin 2 of PC4 is connected to the negative electrode of DC1. Pin 4 of MC1 is connected to pin 4 of PC2, pin 3 is connected to pin 3 of PC2, pin 2 is connected to pin 2 of PC2, and pin 1 is connected to pin 1 of PC2.

[0057] Working principle of the MCU control circuit part: With the UC2 microprocessor STM32F103RC as the core device, it controls and transfers information to each chip and module of the entire centralized controller. PB12 - PB15 and PC6 - PC9 of UC2 are respectively connected to the CS, SCK, MISO, MOSI, REVP, RST, SIG, and SEL terminals, receiving the power detection data from U1 in the "power detection circuit part" and setting the functions and modes of U1, etc. For example, when the PC9 pin outputs a low level (i.e., the connected SEL terminal is at a low level), it is selected as the three-phase three-wire metering mode, and a high level selects the three-phase four-wire mode; PB12 - PB15 are standard SPI communication ports, directly receiving detection data; PA9 - PA12 are respectively connected to the ECRX, ECTX, ECRST, and ECPOW terminals, which are connected to the corresponding terminals in the "NB-Iot communication circuit part" to implement operations such as data sending and receiving, reset, and power-on for the ME1 communication module EC-01F; PA4 - PA7, PC4 - PC5, PB0 - PB1 are respectively connected to the RaNSS, RaSCK, RaMISO, RaMOSI, RaRST, RaTXE, RaRXE, and RaBUSY terminals, which are connected to the corresponding terminals in the "power supply and Lora communication circuit part" to implement operations such as data sending and receiving, reset, transmit and receive enable, and communication busy detection for the Lora communication module ML1 in SPI mode; UC1 is a clock chip, whose SCL, SDA, and INT pins are connected to PB6, PB7, and PB8 of UC2. The first two pins implement data communication in I2C mode between UC1 and UC2, and the latter pin receives the timing interrupt signal generated by UC1. RC1, RC2, and RC3 are pull-up resistors for these pins; the VCC pin is connected to a 3.3V power supply, and CC2 and CC3 are smoothing and high-frequency filtering capacitors for the power supply; the VBET pin is connected to the rechargeable battery BT1. Usually, UC1 can charge this battery, and when power is off, this battery provides short-term power supply. CC4 is the high-frequency filtering capacitor for the battery. The role of UC1 is to provide the current calendar and time for timing control.

[0058] UC3 is a data storage chip that stores necessary set parameters. Its SCL and SDA pins are connected to PB10 - PB11 pins of UC1 to implement data communication with UC1 in I2C mode. RC5 and RC6 are pull-up resistors for these pins; the VCC pin of UC3 is connected to a 3.3V power supply, and the remaining pins are all connected to GND; CC5 is the high-frequency filtering capacitor for the power supply terminal of UC3.

[0059] UC4 is a uP supervision chip, that is, a power supply supervision chip for a microprocessor. Its RST pin is connected to the NRST reset pin of UC2. As long as a low level appears on this pin, UC2 will be reset; the WDI pin is connected to the positive terminals of DC1 and DC2. The negative terminal of DC2 is connected to the PC1 pin of UC2, and the negative terminal of DC1 is connected to an external manual reset button. As long as a low level appears at the negative terminal of one of these two diodes, a reset signal will be generated at RST; RC9 and CC7 form the power-on reset circuit of UC2; RC7 is the pull-up resistor for the WDI pin to ensure that the input of this pin is at a high level usually; RC8 is the short-circuit resistor for the MR and WDO pins; CC6 is the high-frequency filtering capacitor for the power supply of U4.

[0060] UC5 is a rail-to-rail operational amplifier for preprocessing the input analog signal; RC10 and RC14 are respectively connected to the OUTB and INB- pins to form a non-inverting proportional amplifier; RC15 is connected to the INB+ pin and AIN1 of the PC6 terminal block to receive the input of the external analog signal AIN1; RC16 and RC18 form a voltage-dividing circuit for the external input analog signal AIN2 and are connected to the INA+ pin, also a non-inverting proportional amplifier; the OUTB and OUTA pins of UC5 are connected to the PC2 and PC3 analog channel pins of UC2, and UC2 can detect and process these two signals in analog quantity; CC8 is the high-frequency filtering capacitor for the power supply of U5; PC6 is specifically provided for accessing the analog signals AIN1 and AIN2, and its pins 1 and 4 can provide 5V power supply to the external circuit.

[0061] UC6 is an optoelectronic coupler for electrically isolating the input of digital signals: the digital signal is introduced through the 3rd pin DIN of PC5, and after being limited by current through RC17, it is connected to the input end of the optoelectronic coupler. Its output end is connected to the PD2 pin of UC2 through the pull-up resistor RC11, and the PD pin detects the high and low level states of this signal; UC7 is also an optoelectronic coupler for electrically isolating the output of digital signals. The PC12 pin of UC2 is connected to the input end of this optoelectronic coupler through current limiting by RC12, and its output is connected to the 2nd pin DO end of PC5 through pull-up by RC13; the 4th and 1st pins of PC5 are connected to the 5V power supply and the isolated ground of the DC-DC isolation module; RC13 is pulled up to the isolated 5V power supply, and the 2nd pin of UC6 and the 3rd pin of UC7 are connected to the isolated ground, thus forming an isolated transmission of digital signals.

[0062] YC1 is an 8Mhz active crystal oscillator, and its 3rd pin is connected to the OSCIN pin of UC2 to provide a clock signal for U2.

[0063] MC1 is a 485 communication module, and its module also implements isolated transmission; its TX and RX pins are connected to the PC10 and PC11 pins of UC2, and these two pins are also the asynchronous communication pins of UC2, implementing the sending and receiving operations with UC2; at the same time, the A and B pins of MC1 generate 485-standard signals, which are led out through the 1st and 2nd pins of terminal block PC2 to conduct 485 communication with the lower computer (electrical controller); the 7th pin of MC1 is connected to 3.3V, the 8th pin is connected to 5V, and the 9th pin is grounded, and these pins provide the working power supply for MC1; the 3rd and 4th pins of MC1 are the isolated 5V power supply generated by this module itself, and it can provide isolated 5V power supply for the external communication circuit through the 3rd and 4th pins of terminal block PC2.

[0064] The RX and TX pins of socket PC3 are connected to the PA3 and PA2 pins of UC2, and these two pins are also the asynchronous communication pins of UC2; the other ends of the RX and TX of PC3 are connected to the touch screen HTM-H043A10-A5-UART-RTP, so as to implement the operation of UC2 on the touch screen; the 3rd and 4th pins of PC3 provide 5V working power supply for the touch screen.

[0065] Socket PC4 is an external manual reset pin. Connect a reset button to this socket to implement the manual reset operation.

[0066] Socket PC1 is an emulation and debugging socket. Its 2nd, 3rd, and 5th pins are respectively connected to the SWDIO, SWCK, and JTDO pins of UC2, and the 1st and 4th pins are connected to the 3.3V power supply.

[0067] CC9 to CC12 are high-frequency filtering capacitors for each power supply pin of UC2 chip, and RC4 is the resistor required to be grounded by UC2. All the pins of UC2 related to VDD are connected to 3.3V, all the pins related to VSS are connected to GND, and the VBAT pin is also connected to 3.3V.

[0068] The communication circuit includes:

[0069] As Figure 3 shown, the resistors: RE0 and RE14 are both 0Ω; RE2 is 10KΩ; RE3 to RE5 and RE13 are both 20KΩ; RE6, RE12, and RE16 are both 4.7KΩ; RE7 to RE8 and RE10 are both 22Ω; RE9 is 2KΩ; RE11 and RE18 are both 47KΩ; RE15 and RE17 are both 470Ω

[0070] The capacitors: CE1 to CE2 are both ceramic capacitors of 100pF; CE3 is a ceramic capacitor of 8uF; CE4 and CE7 are both ceramic capacitors of 100nF; CE5 is a ceramic capacitor of 1nF; CE6 is a ceramic capacitor of 1uF

[0071] Triode: QE1~QE3, all are 8050.

[0072] Diode: DE1 is an electrostatic protector SE03D3D01GW; DE2~DE3 are red and green light-emitting diodes.

[0073] Integrated circuit: UE1 is a transient voltage suppression diode array SMF05CT1G.

[0074] Communication module: ME1 is an NB-IoT module EC-01F.

[0075] Network card: JE1 is an NB-IoT network card socket.

[0076] Connector: PE1 is an NB-IoT system board pin 1J2.5-8; PE2 is an NB-IoT system board pin 2J2.5-8; YE1 is an antenna socket KH-IPEX-K501-29.

[0077] The communication circuit consists of a narrowband Internet of Things communication module EC-01SC as the core, plus some auxiliary components, forming the minimum communication system unit. Pin 1 and pin 10 of ME1 are connected to GND, pin 2 is connected to the 4th pin of PE1 (not used), pins 3~8 are left floating, pin 9 is connected to the 5th pin of PE1 (not used), pins 11~13 are respectively connected to one end of RE7, RE8, and RE10, pin 14 is connected to one end of RE14 and SIM_VDD, pin 15 is connected to one end of RE13 and the collector of QE3, pin 16 is connected to one end of RE15, pin 17 is connected to the 6th pin of PE2, pin 18 is connected to the emitter of QE2, pin 19 is connected to one end of RE9 and CE5, pin 20 is connected to one end of RE17, pins 21~23, 25~26, 28~33, and 44 are all left floating, pins 27, 34, 36~37, 40~41 are connected to GND, pin 24 is connected to one end of RE12, pin 35 is connected to one end of CE1 and RE1, pins 38 and 39 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 2 of PE1 (not used), pins 42 and 43 are connected to one end of DE1, CE3~CE4, RE3, RE13, and pins 1 and 2 of PE2.

[0078] The other end of RE1 is connected to one end of CE2 and the center end of YE1; one end of RE2 is connected to pin 5 of PE2, and the other end is connected to pin 7 of PE2 and the collector of QE2; the other end of RE3 is connected to the collector of QE1 and the other end of RE9; one ends of RE4 to RE5 are connected to SIM_VDD, and the other ends are respectively connected to the other ends of RE7 to RE8, pins 2 and 3 of JE1, and pins 5 and 6 of UE1; one end of RE6 is connected to pin 6 of PE1, and the other end is connected to the base of QE1 and one end of RE11; the other end of RE10 is connected to pin 1 of JE1 and pin 4 of UE1; the other end of RE12 is connected to the base of QE2; the other end of RE14 is connected to pin 5 of JE1, pin 1 of UE1, and one ends of CE6 and CE7; the other ends of RE15 and RE17 are respectively connected to the positive electrodes of DE2 and DE3.

[0079] Pins 6 to 8 of JE1, pin 2 of UE1, the other ends of CE1 to CE7, the negative electrodes of DE2 and DE3, the emitters of QE1 and QE3, the other ends of RE11 and RE18, pins 3 and 4 of PE2, and the four-side pins of YE1 are all connected to GND.

[0080] Working principle of the communication circuit part: ME1 is a narrowband Internet of Things communication module. Its ADC4 pin is the analog input terminal, which can collect analog signals and is led out through pin 5 of the pin header PE1 (not used temporarily); IO1, IO8 to IO9 are digital signal pins, which can input or output digital signals and are led out through pins 4, 1, and 2 of the pin header PE1 (not used temporarily); the reset signal RST of the module is led out through pin 6 of PE1 to the ECRST terminal, which is connected to the ECRST terminal of the "MCU control circuit part" to receive the reset signal sent by UC2. At the same time, the RST signal is transmitted to the RESET reset pin of ME1 through the inverter circuit composed of RE16, RE18, RE13, and QE3, so as to reset ME1 when necessary; the power-on signal POWK of the module is led out through pin 7 of PE1 to the ECPOW terminal, which is connected to the ECPOW terminal of the "MCU control circuit part" to receive the power-on signal sent by UC2. At the same time, the POWK signal is connected to the POWER_KEY pin of ME1 through the inverter circuit composed of RE6, RE11, RE3, and QE1 via RE9. When the module is powered on, a POWK signal is required to trigger the module to work through the POWER_KEY pin; UART1_TXD_IO15 of ME1 is connected to pin 7 of the pin header PE2 through QE2 and led out to the ECTX terminal, which is connected to the ECTX terminal of the "MCU control circuit part", while the UART1_RXD_IO14 pin of ME1 is connected to pin 6 of the pin header PE2 and led out to the ECRX terminal, which is connected to the ECRX terminal of the "MCU control circuit part". In this way, asynchronous communication can be carried out between the module ME1 and UC2 of the "MCU control circuit part", and the module can be set and data communication can be carried out by transmitting AT commands; the SIM0_DATA, SIM0_RST, and SIM0_CLK pins of the module ME1 are connected to the SIM_DATA, SIM_RST, and SIM_CLK pins of the SIM card holder JE1 through the resistors RE7 to RE8, RE10 for anti-surge current and pins 4 to 6 of the transient voltage suppressor diode group UE1, thus establishing the operation of the module on the SIM card; RE4 to RE5 are pull-up resistors, which are necessary settings for SIM card signals; the IO5 pin of ME1 is connected to the light-emitting diode DE3 through RE17 to indicate the status of whether the server is connected; the UART0_RTS_IO6 pin of ME1 is connected to the light-emitting diode DE2 through RE15 to indicate the status of whether the network is connected; the VO_LDO1833IO of ME1 is connected to the base of QE2 through RE12, so that the TX signal can be sent to the ECTX terminal through the conduction of QE2; the NB_RF pin of ME1 is the antenna pin, which is connected to the YE1 antenna base through the CE1, CE2, RE1 filter circuit; CE3 and CE4 are for ME1's 4.The 2V power supply provides smoothing and high-frequency filtering functions; DE1 is an electrostatic protection device to prevent damage to the ME1 module by excessive electrostatic voltage; CE6 and CE7 provide smoothing and high-frequency filtering functions for the self-produced 3V power supply of the SIM card of the module; RE14 is a resistor for short-circuiting, and RE2 is a cross-connecting resistor between the TX terminal and the 5V power supply. When communicating with a 5V MCU, the 5V power supply needs to be connected through 5Vin of PE2 (not used in this invention for the time moment); Pins 1 and 2 of PE2 introduce the 4.2V operating power supply of the module, and pins 3 and 4 are grounded to GND; All GND pins of the ME1 module and the GND of the SIM card holder JE1 are connected to GND, while the V_BAT of the module is connected to the 4.2V power supply, and the SIM_VCC of the SIM card holder is connected to the self-produced 3V power supply of the SIM card of the module, so that the module and the SIM card can work.

[0081] As Figure 4 shown, the power supply and Lora communication circuit includes:

[0082] Resistors: RL0 is 0Ω; RL2 to RE4 are 10Ω; RL5 is 2KΩ; RL6 is 15KΩ; RP1 is 1KΩ; RP2 is 2KΩ; RP3 is 4.7KΩ.

[0083] Capacitors: CL1 to CL2 are ceramic capacitors of 100pF; CL3 to CL5 are ceramic capacitors of 8uF; CL6 is a ceramic capacitor of 100nF; CP1, CP3, and CP5 are electrolytic capacitors of 100uF / 16V; CP2, CP4, CP7, and CP10 are ceramic capacitors of 100nF; CP6 is an electrolytic capacitor of 470uF / 16V; CP8 is a ceramic capacitor of 4.7uF; CP9 is a ceramic capacitor of 8uF.

[0084] Transistors: DL1 and DP2 are green and red light-emitting diodes; DL2 to DL5 are electrostatic protectors SE03D3D01GW; DP1 is a transient voltage suppression diode 1KSMB6.8A; QL1 is a transistor 9013.

[0085] Inductor: LP1 is a filtering inductor of 22uH

[0086] ML1 is a Lora communication module RA-01SC; MP1 is an AC-DC power module MLA10A-5V; MP2 is a DC-DC power module B0505S.

[0087] Integrated circuits: UL1, UP1, and UP2 are voltage regulator chips AMS1117-3.3.

[0088] Connectors: PL1 is the pin header 1J2.5-8 for the Lora system board; PL2 is the pin header 2J2.5-8 for the Lora system board; YL1 is the antenna socket KH-IPEX-K501-29.

[0089] The power supply and Lora communication circuit includes the Lora communication circuit and the power supply circuit.

[0090] The Lora communication circuit is mainly based on the ML1 module. Pin 1 of ML1 is connected to one end of RL1 and CL2, pins 2, 9, and 16 are connected to GND, pin 3 is connected to one end of CL4~CL6, DL2, and pin 2 of UL1, pins 4 and 5 are respectively connected to pins 2 and 3 of PL1, pins 6~7 are respectively connected to one end of RL2~RL3, pin 8 is connected to one end of RL4 and RL6, pins 10 and 11 are respectively connected to pin 8 and pin 7 of PL1, and pins 12~15 are respectively connected to pins 6, 5, 4, 3 of PL2.

[0091] Pin 3 of UL1 is connected to pins 1~2 of PL2, the positive end of DL1, and one end of CL13; the negative end of DL1 is connected to the collector of QL1; the other end of RL6 is connected to the base of QL1; the other ends of RL2~RL4 are respectively connected to one end of DL3~DL5 and pins 4~6 of PL1 (not used); the other end of RL1 is connected to one end of CL1, pin 1 of PL, and the center pin of YL1; the other ends of CL1~CL6, DL2~DL5, pin 1 of UL1, the emitter of QL1, pins 7~8 of PL2, and the 4-side pins of YL1 are all connected to GND.

[0092] In the power supply circuit, pins 1~3 of MP1 are respectively connected to the L, N, and E terminals, pin 5 is connected to CP1~CP2, the negative end of DP, and one end of LP1; the other end of LP1 is connected to CP6~CP8, one end of RP1, pin 3 of UP1, pin 3 of UP2, and pin 2 of MP2; the other end of RP1 is connected to the positive pole of DP2; pin 2 of UP1 is connected to one end of CP3~CP4 and 3V3; pin 2 of UP2 is connected to one end of RP2 and CP5 and 4V2, and the other end of RP2 is connected to one end of RP3 and pin 1 of UP2; pin 4 of MP2 is connected to one end of CP9~CP10 and G5V; pin 3 of MP2 is connected to the other ends of CP9~CP10 and GGND; the other ends of CP1~CP8, the positive end of DP1, the negative end of DP2, pin 1 of UP1 and UP2, the other end of RP3, and pin 1 of MP2 are all connected to GND.

[0093] Working principle of power supply and Lora communication circuit: ML1 is a Lora communication module that needs to establish a data transfer relationship with the MCU. The NSS, MOSI, MISO, and SCK pins of ML1 are led out to the RaNSS, RaMOSI, RaMISO, and RaSCK terminals through pins 3 to 6 of the PL2 pin header, and these four terminals are all connected to the corresponding 4 terminals of the "MCU control circuit part" so that the module communicates with the UC2 microprocessor in SPI mode. The RESET, TXEN, RXEN, and BUSY pins of ML1 are led out to the RaRST, RaTXE, RaRXE, and RaBUSY terminals through pins 2, 3, 7, and 8 of the PL1 pin header, and these four terminals are all connected to the corresponding 4 terminals of the "MCU control circuit part", so that UC2 can reset the module ML1, enable data transmission, enable data reception, and detect the "busy" state of the module. The DIO1 to DIO3 of the ML1 module are digital signal input / output pins, which are led out through the RL2 to RL4 resistors through pins 4 to 6 of the PL1 (not used temporarily), but DIO3 controls the conduction or cut-off of the triode QL1 through RL16. The collector of QL1 is connected to the series circuit of RL5 and the light-emitting diode DL1. When DIO3 outputs a high level, QL1 conducts and DL1 lights up, otherwise it goes out. The DL3 to DL5 electrostatic protectors are all connected in parallel to the IO1 to IO3 pins of the PL1 (i.e., pins 4 to 6) to suppress the excessive static voltage on these three data lines and protect the chips connected to the pins. UL1 is a low-dropout voltage regulator chip. Its second output pin is connected to the 3.3V pin of ML1 to provide working power for the module, and its third input pin is connected to the 5V power supply introduced through pins 1 and 2 of the PL2 pin header. The two pins of CL4 to CL6 and DL2 are respectively connected to the 3.3V terminal and the ground GND terminal, which are the 3.3V smoothing capacitor, high-frequency filtering capacitor, and electrostatic protector. The two pins of CL3 are connected to the 5V and the ground GND terminal to smooth the 5V power supply.

[0094] The power supply for the entire centralized controller is provided by a power circuit: MP1 is an AC-DC power bare board module, whose input pins AC_L, AC_N, and PE are connected to the L, N, and E terminals. These three terminals are connected to the corresponding terminals of the "power quantity detection circuit section", and the AC power supply is connected through the P2 terminal block of the "power quantity detection circuit section"; the DC+ and DC- pins of MP1 output a 5V voltage. This voltage first undergoes energy storage and smoothing by CP1 connected between 5V and GND, high-frequency filtering by CP2, and transient voltage resistance by DP1. Then, the 5V voltage is connected to the VIN pin (the 3rd pin) of UP1, the 3rd pin VIN of UP2, and the Vin pin of MP2 through the LC filter circuit composed of LP1, CP6, and CP7. Thus, the obtained 5V power supply has almost no high-frequency noise; RP1 and DP2 form a diode lighting circuit, which will light up when the AC power supply is connected to indicate that the power supply has been connected; the VOUT pin (the 2nd pin) of UP1 outputs a 3.3V power supply, providing the 3.3V power supply required by the entire circuit; CP3 and CP4 play a role in smoothing and high-frequency filtering the 3.3V power supply; the VOUT of UP2 is set to output a voltage of 4.2V through the voltage division of RP2 and RP3 resistors. This voltage serves as the working power supply for the NB-Iot module; CP5 is a smoothing capacitor for the 4.2V power supply; MP2 is a DC-DC power isolation module, and a 5V power supply isolated from the input 5V is generated between its output VO and 0V terminals, which is provided to the external circuit for use through the PC5 terminal block of the "MCU control circuit section"; CP8 is a smoothing capacitor for the input of MP2, and CP9 and CP10 are smoothing capacitors and high-frequency filtering capacitors for the 5V output of MP2.

[0095] The main problems of centralized controllers generally used for remote streetlights and other electrical appliances are as follows:

[0096] 1. Wireless communication generally uses GPRS / 3G / LET technology, which has been used for many years. This technology requires a conventional SIM card or a traffic card for this type of technology communication, occupies a relatively wide bandwidth. When there are a large number of centralized controllers distributed in an area, it will be restricted by the bandwidth and difficult to deploy the network. At the same time, its operating cost is relatively high, and the coverage range is not wide enough.

[0097] 2. Some centralized controllers have a single wireless communication mode, such as only using GPRS / 3G / LET technology. In some application environments with a small communication area range, when communicating between centralized controllers or with the control room, simply using GPRS / 3G / LET technology will bring the problem of too high cost, especially its high operating cost.

[0098] 3. The operation interfaces of conventional centralized controllers almost all adopt the form of buttons and small liquid crystal displays, which are not very intuitive and convenient during the process of manual operation and parameter setting.

[0099] 4. There are few interfaces for communicating with external physical information, lacking in expanding the additional functions of the centralized controller and having insufficient flexibility in use.

[0100] The advantages of this application are as follows:

[0101] 1. The information wirelessly transmitted by this centralized controller is only short-frame text information rather than video and voice data, and the traffic is not high. The wireless communication technology of this application adopts the narrowband wireless Internet of Things technology that has emerged in recent years. This communication technology has a narrow bandwidth and supports devices with large throughput, low latency sensitivity, low cost, and low power consumption, thus achieving the purpose of wide coverage and low-cost operation (the Internet of Things traffic fee used by narrowband Internet of Things is relatively low).

[0102] 2. This centralized controller can also be configured as a LoRa wireless communication mode. For application scenarios where the communication distance between centralized controllers and between the centralized controller and the central control room is below 4KM, the LoRa wireless communication technology can be directly adopted, which can save the traffic fee and greatly reduce the operation cost.

[0103] 3. The human-machine interface of the centralized controller adopts a 4.3-inch TFT touch screen display, which has a wide visual range and is easy to operate, and is not available in centralized controllers with similar functions in the current market.

[0104] 4. The centralized controller is configured with two external analog input ports, one electrically isolated digital input port, and one digital output port. These configurations enable the centralized controller to have multiple extended functions, such as detecting the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment, detecting smoke alarm information, and controlling external emergency circuits. The flexibility of this extended function is also not available in conventional centralized controllers.

[0105] In summary, for the data communication between the human-machine interaction system of this application and the central monitoring room or other mobile human-machine interaction systems, the narrowband Internet of Things wireless communication technology is used as the long-distance and wide-coverage networking information communication technology. At the same time, the Lora wireless communication technology can be selected according to the fixed short-distance monitoring application scenario to achieve the networking technology within a range of 4KM, realizing operation without traffic fees and low costs; a 4.3-inch touch TFT display screen is used as the monitoring human-machine interface, making the setting of the centralized controller for the lower-level machine (electrical controller) and the observation of the operation intuitive and convenient; it has two external analog signal input ports, one digital signal input port, and one digital signal output port, realizing the function expansion of detecting the physical quantities of the external environment and outputting signals to control other circuits.

[0106] It should be noted that the present application can also fixedly design the additional non-electric physical information monitoring function in the circuit, but this will make the volume of the centralized controller itself large and the configuration not flexible enough; the LoRa module can use other series such as Ra-08H, and relatively speaking, its networking is easier; the microprocessor can use other models of chips, such as other chips in the STM32F103XX series, etc.

[0107] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things, characterized by: Including power detection circuit, MCU control circuit, communication circuit, power supply and Lora communication circuit, The power detection circuit uses the power metering chip U1 as its core to measure three-phase industrial frequency AC current and voltage, power and energy. The MCU control circuit uses the microprocessor UC2 as its core to control and transmit information to each chip and module of the IoT centralized controller; The communication circuit is centered around the narrowband IoT communication module ME1, enabling internal and external communications of the IoT centralized controller. The power supply and Lora communication circuit includes a Lora communication circuit and a power supply circuit. The Lora communication circuit is connected to the MCU control circuit through the communication module ML1, and the power supply circuit is connected to the power detection circuit to provide power for the IoT centralized controller.

2. A centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase current and the neutral current are connected to the current channel of the energy metering chip U1 through the terminal P1, and the three-phase voltage is connected to the voltage channel of the energy metering chip U1 through the terminal P2. The diodes D1 to D3 perform half-wave rectification on the three-phase voltage connected to P2, and the DC voltage is connected to the power supply and the L and N terminals of the Lora communication circuit through the L and N terminals. The REFCAP pin of U1 is connected to the reference voltage filter circuit, the OSCI and OSCO pins of U1 are connected to the clock circuit, the RST pin of U1 is connected to the power-on reset circuit, and the DOUT, DIN, SCLK, and CS pins of U1 are connected to the power supply and the L and N terminals of the Lora communication circuit. The pins are used as SPI interfaces to connect to MISO, MOSI, SCK and CS terminals through RC filtering circuits respectively. The REVP terminal of U1 indicates the positive and negative level signals of the electric power. The SIG pin of U1 indicates the signal that the calibration is completed. The CF1 of U1 is the pulse signal output by the active calibration. The TEST, GVDD and GND of U1 are all connected to the GND ground, and together with the power supply pins, they provide the working power supply of U1. The AGND and REFOUT pins of U1 are connected to the center line SGND of each IV conversion and filtering network to provide bias power for the IV conversion and filtering network.

3. The centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that: The PB12~PB15 and PC6~PC9 pins of the microprocessor UC2 are connected to the electric energy metering chip U1 through the CS, SCK, MISO, MOSI, REVP, RST, SIG, and SEL terminals respectively to receive the power detection data of U1 and set the function and mode selection of U1. The PB12~PB15 pins are used to receive the detection data; the PA9~PA12 pins are connected to the ECRX, ECTX, ECRST, and ECPOW terminals and the corresponding terminals of the communication circuit respectively to realize the data transmission and reception, reset and power-on operations of the communication module ML1; the PA4~PA7, PC4~PC5, and PB0~PB1 pins are connected to the RaNSS, RaSCK, RaMISO, RaMOSI, RaRST, RaTXE, RaRXE, and RaBUSY terminals respectively to the corresponding terminals of the power supply and Lora communication circuit to realize the data transmission and reception and reset, transmission and reception enable and communication detection operations of the communication module ML1.

4. The centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that: UC1 of the MCU control circuit is a clock chip that provides the current calendar and time for timing control; UC3 is a data storage chip that stores the necessary parameters for setting; UC4 is a uP supervision chip, which is the power supervision chip of the microprocessor; UC5 is a rail-to-rail operational amplifier that pre-processes the input analog signal; UC6 is an optocoupler that realizes electrical isolation of the input digital signal; YC1 is an 8Mhz active crystal oscillator, and pin 3 of YC1 is connected to the OSCIN pin of UC2 to provide the clock signal to U2; MC1 is a 485 communication module that realizes isolated transmission; the RX and TX pins of socket PC3 are connected to the PA3 and PA2 pins of UC2, which are the asynchronous communication pins of UC2; the other end of RX and TX of PC3 is connected to the touch screen HTM-H043A10-A5-UART-RTP, which realizes UC2's operation of the touch screen; pins 3 and 4 of PC3 provide 5V working power for the touch screen; socket PC4 is the external manual reset pin, which realizes manual reset operation; socket PC1 is the simulation debugging socket.

5. The centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ADC4 pin of the narrowband Internet of Things communication module ME1 collects analog signals, and the IO1, IO8~IO9 pins are digital signal pins that can input or output digital signals. The connector PE1 connects ME1 and the MCU control circuit to realize the transmission of reset signals and power-on signals as well as the setting and data communication of ME1. The SIM0_DATA, SIM0_RST, and SIM0_CLK pins of ME1 are used to establish the operation of ME1 on the SIM card. The IO5 pin of ME1 is connected to the DE3 LED to indicate whether it is connected to the server. The UART0_RTS_IO6 pin of ME1 is connected to the DE2 LED to indicate whether it is connected to the network. VO_LDO1833IO is connected to the base of transistor QE2, so that the TX signal can be sent to the ECTX end through the conduction of QE2. The NB_RF pin of ME1 is the antenna pin; CE3 and CE4 provide smoothing and high-frequency filtering for the 4.2V power supply of ME1; DE1 is an electrostatic protection device to prevent excessive electrostatic voltage from damaging ME1; CE6 and CE7 provide smoothing and high-frequency filtering for the 3V power supply of ME1's own SIM card; RE14 is a short-circuit resistor. ME1's V_BAT is connected to the 4.2V power supply, and the SIM_VCC of the SIM card holder is connected to the 3V power supply of the SIM card produced by ME1, so that ME1 and SIM card can work.

6. The centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things according to claim 5, characterized in that: The NSS, MOSI, MISO, and SCK pins of the communication module ML1 are connected to the MCU control circuit to communicate data with UC2. The RESET, TXEN, RXEN, and BUSY pins of ML1 are connected to the MCU control circuit to reset ML1, enable data transmission, enable data reception, and detect the module status. The DIO3 pin controls the conduction or cutoff of the transistor QL1 to suppress excessive electrostatic voltage and protect the chip connected to the pin. UL1 is a low-voltage difference voltage regulator chip that provides working power for ML1.

7. The centralized controller based on NB-IoT and Lora Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes an AC-DC power supply bare board module MP1. The AC_L, AC_N, and PE of MP1 are connected to the power detection circuit. The DC+ and DC- pins of MP1 output a 5V voltage and output it to the voltage regulator chips UP1 and UP2. The VOUT pin of UP1 outputs a 3.3V power supply to provide the shared 3.3V power supply required by the circuit. The VOUT pin of UP2 outputs a 4.2V voltage as the working power supply of the communication circuit. The VO and 0V ends of the AC-DC power supply bare board module MP2 generate a 5V power supply isolated from the input 5V, which is provided to the external circuit through the PC5 terminal of the MCU control circuit.

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