Pulmonary vein stenosis interventional operation training model

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical teaching tools, in particular to a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional operation training model, which comprises a bottom plate and a heart module mounted on the bottom plate, a left atrium and a right atrium are arranged in the heart module, and an inferior vena cava communicated with the right atrium is arranged on the heart module. The heart module is further provided with pulmonary veins communicated with the left atrium, through holes are formed in the left atrium and the right atrium at the interatrial septum position, sheet-shaped silica gel membranes are detachably installed at the positions of the through holes, and the heart module is provided with an operation opening in the upper side of the left atrium. The problems that when an existing training model carries out pulmonary vein stenosis interventional operation training, due to the fact that a stoma is a set through hole, when an operator is trained, the stoma puncturing step is omitted, and a good training effect on how to carry out interatrial septum puncturing is not achieved are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical teaching tools, in particular to a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model. Background Art

[0002] Pulmonary venous stenosis (PVS) is a condition characterized by obstruction of pulmonary venous return, leading to blood pooling in the lungs and causing a range of clinical symptoms. Its main pathogenesis includes congenital developmental abnormalities, genetic factors, and inflammatory diseases. These factors lead to thickening of the pulmonary vein walls and narrowing of the lumen, which in turn hinders normal blood flow. Patients may experience symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis. In severe cases, pulmonary hypertension and heart failure may develop.

[0003] Interventional surgery is an important treatment for pulmonary vein stenosis. When pulmonary vein stenosis causes significant symptoms, such as dyspnea, fatigue, and palpitations, and the stenosis is severe, impacting quality of life, or when other treatments are ineffective or intolerable, interventional surgery is of great value. It can improve pulmonary blood perfusion and enhance patients' quality of life.

[0004] Traditionally, training medical staff in interventional procedures for pulmonary vein stenosis has relied on clinical practice. However, clinical cases of pulmonary vein stenosis are relatively rare, making it difficult for young doctors or interns to participate in sufficient real-world surgical procedures and accumulate extensive surgical experience in a short period of time. Furthermore, mistakes made during actual surgical practice can directly impact patient health and safety, causing unnecessary pain and risk. Therefore, targeted training through training models is essential.

[0005] However, some existing interventional surgery training models have many problems. On the one hand, some models are not accurate enough in simulating the anatomical structure, and cannot accurately present the true morphology and spatial position relationship of the pulmonary vein and its surrounding tissues, such as the branches of the pulmonary vein. This makes it difficult for trainees to form the correct spatial concept and operating feel during the operation, and cannot accurately simulate the positioning and puncture operations in real surgery. In addition, compared with pulmonary artery intervention, pulmonary vein intervention requires atrial septal puncture, and the catheter enters the left atrium through the atrial septum stoma. This is the necessary path to reach the pulmonary vein from the right atrium to the left atrium, and the atrial septum is broken through the puncture needle. The puncture point will heal on its own within one month. Currently, most training models use a fixed stoma, meaning a stoma is set up in the atrial septum between the right and left atria of the training model. This stoma is usually only slightly larger than the catheter, allowing the catheter to pass smoothly. During training, the only thing to do is to control the catheter through the stoma. Since the stoma is a pre-set through-hole, the operator misses the step of puncturing the stoma during training, and does not receive effective training on how to control the puncture needle to place the stoma at the appropriate location on the atrial septum. When using existing training models for training, when the operator operates the catheter at a position other than the stoma, the atrial septum is mostly made of thick silicone material, making it impossible for the catheter to pass through. The operator can only control the catheter back and forth or rotate it to find the stoma until the catheter passes through the stoma. This is a passive search for the stoma, lacking the step of actively finding the stoma location for puncturing the stoma. This does not provide a good training effect for the operator during training on how to perform atrial septal puncture. For example, when approaching the atrial septum, how to control the force to find the puncture location, as well as the force and feel of the puncture, etc. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a training model for interventional surgery for pulmonary vein stenosis, so as to solve the problem that when the current training model is used for training interventional surgery for pulmonary vein stenosis, since the stoma is a pre-set through hole, the surgeon misses the step of puncturing the stoma during training, and does not provide a good training effect on how to perform atrial septal puncture.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model includes a base plate and a heart module installed on the base plate. The heart module is provided with a left atrium and a right atrium. The heart module is provided with an inferior vena cava connected to the right atrium. The heart module is also provided with a pulmonary vein connected to the left atrium. The left atrium and the right atrium are provided with through holes at the position of the atrial septum. A sheet of silicone membrane is detachably installed at the position of the through holes. The heart module is provided with an operation port on the upper side of the left atrium.

[0009] A further technical solution is that a Velcro hook surface is provided on the edge surrounding the through hole and facing the right atrium, and a Velcro fleece surface is provided on the edge of the silicone membrane.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the pulmonary veins include a left superior pulmonary vein, a left inferior pulmonary vein, a right superior pulmonary vein and a right inferior pulmonary vein, and pulmonary vein branches are provided on the left superior pulmonary vein, the left inferior pulmonary vein, the right superior pulmonary vein and the right inferior pulmonary vein.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a movable hole is provided on the pulmonary vein branch, which passes through the inside and outside. An ellipsoid is embedded in the movable hole, one side of the ellipsoid protrudes into the pulmonary vein branch, and one side of the ellipsoid is connected to the hole wall of the movable hole.

[0012] A further technical solution is that a distal sealing member is provided at the distal end of the pulmonary vein branch.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By using through holes and silicone membranes at the atrial septum position of the left atrium and the right atrium to simulate the atrial septum of the human heart, during training, the silicone membrane can block the catheter from entering the left atrium from the right atrium, but under the operation of the puncture needle, the silicone membrane can be punctured to create a stoma, thereby facilitating the catheter, guide wire, etc. to enter the left atrium from the right atrium; 2. By setting an operating port, the silicone membrane can be easily removed for replacement, and the silicone membrane can be directly removed for review to observe the stoma position, so as to think about whether there is a big difference between the expected stoma position and the actual stoma position, and the reason for the difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heart module of a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pulmonary veins and left atrium of a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the mounting base and label of a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pulmonary vein branches of a pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model of the present invention.

[0019] Icons: 1-base plate, 2-heart module, 3-left atrium, 4-right atrium, 5-inferior vena cava, 9-through hole, 10-silicone membrane, 11-operation port, 12-velcro hook surface, 14-velcro fleece surface, 15-left superior pulmonary vein, 16-left inferior pulmonary vein, 17-right superior pulmonary vein, 18-right inferior pulmonary vein, 19-pulmonary vein branches, 20-label, 21-mounting seat, 22-slot, 23-fixing groove, 24-fixing block, 25-plastic segment, 26-silicone segment, 27-movable hole, 28-ellipsoid, 29-distal closure, 30-transparent box, 32-first venous segment, 33-second venous segment, 34-first mounting hole, 35-mounting tube, 36-fixing plate, 37-second mounting hole, 38-sheath, 39-common iliac vein, 40-drain valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Figures 1 to 5 Shown is an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] A pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model includes a base plate 1 and a heart module 2 mounted on the base plate 1. The heart module 2 is provided with a left atrium 3 and a right atrium 4. The heart module 2 is provided with an inferior vena cava 5 connected to the right atrium 4. The heart module 2 is also provided with a pulmonary vein connected to the left atrium 3. The left atrium 3 and the right atrium 4 are provided with a through hole 9 at the position of the atrial septum. A sheet of silicone membrane 10 is removably mounted at the position of the through hole 9. The heart module 2 is provided with an operation port 11 on the upper side of the left atrium 3. By using the through hole 9 and the silicone membrane 10 at the atrial septum of the left atrium 3 and the right atrium 4 to simulate the atrial septum of the human heart, during training, the silicone membrane 10 can block the entry of a catheter from the right atrium 4 to the left atrium 3. However, under the operation of a puncture needle, the silicone membrane 10 can be punctured to create a stoma, thereby facilitating the entry of a catheter, guidewire, etc. from the right atrium 4 to the left atrium 3. By setting the operation port 11, the silicone membrane 10 can be easily removed for replacement. At the same time, the silicone membrane 10 can be directly removed for review to observe the stoma position, so as to consider whether there is a big difference between the expected stoma position and the actual stoma position, and the reason for the difference.

[0024] A Velcro hook surface 12 is provided around the edge of the through hole 9 facing the right atrium 4, and a Velcro fleece surface 14 is provided around the edge of the silicone membrane 10. The Velcro fleece surface 14 and Velcro hook surface 12 allow the silicone membrane 10 to be quickly secured to the through hole 9 during installation. When the silicone membrane 10 needs to be replaced, the used silicone membrane 10 can simply be torn off. The thickness of the silicone membrane 10 is determined by an experienced surgeon who tries different thicknesses of silicone membrane 10 to determine the thickness that best resembles the actual feel. The thicker the silicone membrane 10, the more difficult it is to puncture. The silicone membrane 10 can also have an uneven thickness to simulate the actual atrial septum.

[0025] The pulmonary veins include the left superior pulmonary vein 15, the left inferior pulmonary vein 16, the right superior pulmonary vein 17, and the right inferior pulmonary vein 18. Each of these veins has a pulmonary vein branch 19. By simulating the actual positions of the left superior pulmonary vein 15, the left inferior pulmonary vein 16, the right superior pulmonary vein 17, the right inferior pulmonary vein 18, and the pulmonary vein branches 19, operators can improve their skill and feel by manipulating the guidewire or catheter into different locations during training.

[0026] Example 2:

[0027] Based on Example 1, labels 20 are attached to the pulmonary vein branches 19. Labels 20 indicate the medical number of each pulmonary vein branch 19, making it easier for the operator to memorize the spatial location of each pulmonary vein branch 19 during training. Compared to flat markings in a textbook, the training model's three-dimensional spatial location and relative positional relationships make it easier to learn and understand the locations of the left superior pulmonary vein 15, left inferior pulmonary vein 16, right superior pulmonary vein 17, right inferior pulmonary vein 18, and pulmonary vein branches 19. The locations of the superior pulmonary vein, left inferior pulmonary vein 16, right superior pulmonary vein 17, right inferior pulmonary vein 18, and pulmonary vein branches 19 can be determined based on chest CT scans. The heart module 2, inferior vena cava 5, left superior pulmonary vein 15, left inferior pulmonary vein 16, right superior pulmonary vein 17, right inferior pulmonary vein 18, and pulmonary vein branches 19 are all made of transparent silicone, which is both flexible and transparent, facilitating easy observation by the operator.

[0028] The label 20 is mounted on the pulmonary vein branch 19 via a mounting base 21. One end of the mounting base 21 is bonded and fixed to the pulmonary vein branch 19, and the other end is provided with a slot 22. One end of the label 20 is embedded in the slot 22. By providing the mounting base 21 and the slot 22, the label 20 can be stably fixed to the pulmonary vein branch 19 via the mounting base 21, and the label 20 can also be easily removed. The advantage of this is that, since the label 20 is easily worn when the operator pulls the label 20 to see the number on the label 20 during long-term use, the label 20 can be quickly replaced when the number is worn. In addition, by removing all the labels 20 from the mounting base 21 and then having the operator insert all the labels 20 back, it can be determined whether all the pulmonary vein branch 19 numbers have been memorized based on whether they have been inserted into the correct position.

[0029] The slot 22 has a recessed fixing groove 23, and the side wall of the label 20 that is embedded in the slot 22 is provided with a fixing block 24 that matches the fixing groove 23. By providing the fixing groove 23 and the fixing block 24, the label 20 can be well fixed to the slot 22.

[0030] The mounting base 21 is made of silicone. The label 20 comprises a plastic segment 25 and a silicone segment 26 connected end to end. The fixing block 24 is located on the side wall of the plastic segment 25. This arrangement makes the plastic segment 25 relatively hard. When inserted into the slot 22, the deformation of the mounting base 21 can squeeze the slot 22 to expand, allowing the plastic segment 25 to drive the fixing block 24 into the slot 22 until the fixing block 24 and the fixing groove 23 are engaged.

[0031] Example 3:

[0032] Based on the previous embodiment, a movable hole 27 is provided on the pulmonary vein branch 19, extending from the inside to the outside. An ellipsoid 28 is embedded within the movable hole 27. One side of the ellipsoid 28 protrudes into the pulmonary vein branch 19, and one side of the ellipsoid 28 is connected to the wall of the movable hole 27. The movable hole 27 and the ellipsoid 28 work together to simulate pulmonary artery stenosis. The volume of the ellipsoid 28 is slightly larger than that of the movable hole 27. Taking advantage of the transparent silicone material used for the pulmonary vein branch 19, the ellipsoid 28 is also made of transparent silicone. The elasticity of the movable hole 27 secures the ellipsoid 28. The portion of the ellipsoid 28 protruding from the inner wall of the pulmonary vein branch 19 simulates pulmonary artery stenosis. When the operator guides the balloon into this position using a guidewire, the balloon is inflated to press against the ellipsoid 28, gradually separating the ellipsoid 28 from the inner wall of the pulmonary vein branch 19. The operator can visually determine whether the operation is successful by observing the position of the ellipsoid 28. When performing the next operation, it is only necessary to press the ellipsoid 28 back in. It can be reused and is convenient for observation.

[0033] The distal end of the pulmonary vein branch 19 is provided with a distal end sealing member 29. By providing the distal end sealing member 29, as the end of the pulmonary vein branch 19, a tissue guide wire or the like is further extended.

[0034] Example 4:

[0035] Based on the above embodiment, a transparent box 30 is provided on the upper side of the base plate 1. The upper side of the transparent box 30 is provided with an opening. The heart module 2 is installed in the transparent box 30. A support frame for supporting the heart module 2 is provided at the bottom of the transparent box 30. The inferior vena cava 5 includes a first venous segment 32 and a second venous segment 33. A first mounting hole 34 is provided on the upper side of the transparent box 30, which passes through the inside and outside. A mounting tube 35 is provided in the first mounting hole 34. One end of the first venous segment 32 is connected to the right atrium 4 of the heart module 2, and the other end is connected to the mounting tube 35 inside the transparent box 30. The second venous segment 33 is placed outside the transparent box 30, and one end of the second venous segment 33 is connected to the mounting tube 35 outside the transparent box 30. The end of the second venous segment 33 away from the mounting tube 35 is connected to the common iliac vein 39. A fixing plate 36 is vertically provided on the upper side of the bottom plate 1, and a second mounting hole 37 is provided on the fixing plate 36 running through both sides. A sheath tube 38 is installed in the second mounting hole 37, and the end of the common iliac vein 39 away from the second venous segment 33 is connected to the sheath tube 38. A drainage hole is provided on the side of the transparent box 30 near the position where it fits into the inner bottom, and a drainage valve 40 is installed in the drainage hole. By providing a transparent box 30, water mixed with lubricant can be injected into the transparent box 30 to fill the entire transparent box 30, including the heart module 2, the inferior vena cava 5, the superior pulmonary veins, the left inferior pulmonary vein 16, the right superior pulmonary vein 17, the right inferior pulmonary vein 18, and the pulmonary vein branches 19. This water can simulate human blood, improving the lubricity between the inner walls of operating tools such as catheters or guidewires. Furthermore, after the water is injected, the heart module 2 and the pulmonary veins are covered with water, improving the clarity of observation. The position and angle of the guidewire or catheter can be more easily observed from the side, which helps the operator better adjust their operation method and improve their control during operation training. The inferior vena cava 5 is divided into a first vein segment 32 and a second vein segment 33. The first vein segment 32 and the heart module 2 can be installed together in the transparent box 30, while the second vein segment 33 is placed outside the transparent box 30. This facilitates the operator to pass the catheter, guidewire, etc. through the second vein segment 33 into the heart module 2 during interventional surgery training. By providing the first mounting hole 34 and the mounting tube 35, the first venous segment 32 and the second venous segment 33 can be well connected, while also providing a seal at the connection. By providing the common vein pinch, the inferior vena cava 5 can be used to simulate a real interventional surgery scenario. During a real pulmonary artery interventional surgery, a sheath 38 is typically installed in the thigh to access the common iliac vein 39. The common iliac vein 39 and the inferior vena cava 5 of the present invention can be used to simulate the length of the catheter required to reach the heart during a real interventional surgery.By providing a fixing plate 36, the connection between the common iliac vein 39 and the sheath 38 can be elevated above the base plate 1. This allows the connection between the second venous segment 33 and the common iliac vein 39 to be lower than the connection between the common iliac vein 39 and the fixing plate 36, creating a drop. This simulates the actual drop in the veins of a person lying flat, allowing the operator to adapt to the feeling of turning when manipulating the catheter within the inferior vena cava 5. The provision of an opening facilitates the filling of water into the transparent box 30. The provision of a drain hole and a drain valve 40 prevents water leakage from the transparent box 30 by closing the drain valve 40 during filling. When drainage is required, the drain valve 40 can be opened and connected to a drain pipe to drain the water from the transparent box 30. This also facilitates drainage when cleaning the transparent box 30, the heart module 2, and the pulmonary artery.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and implementations may be devised by those skilled in the art that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, within the scope of the present disclosure, the drawings, and the claims, various variations and modifications may be made to the components and / or layout of the subject combination arrangement. In addition to variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model, comprising a base plate (1) and a heart module (2) mounted on the base plate (1), characterized in that: The heart module (2) is provided with a left atrium (3) and a right atrium (4), the heart module (2) is provided with an inferior vena cava (5) connected to the right atrium (4), the heart module (2) is also provided with a pulmonary vein connected to the left atrium (3), the left atrium (3) and the right atrium (4) are provided with a through hole (9) at the position of the atrial septum, a sheet-like silicone membrane (10) is detachably installed at the position of the through hole (9), and the heart module (2) is provided with an operation port (11) on the upper side of the left atrium (3).

2. The pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Velcro hook surface (12) is provided around the edge of the through hole (9) facing the right atrium (4), and a Velcro fleece surface (14) is provided on the edge of the silicone membrane (10).

3. The pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulmonary veins include a left superior pulmonary vein (15), a left inferior pulmonary vein (16), a right superior pulmonary vein (17) and a right inferior pulmonary vein (18), and pulmonary vein branches (19) are provided on the left superior pulmonary vein (15), the left inferior pulmonary vein (16), the right superior pulmonary vein (17) and the right inferior pulmonary vein (18).

4. The pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulmonary vein branch (19) is provided with an active hole (27) that passes through the inside and outside, and an ellipsoid (28) is embedded in the active hole (27). One side of the ellipsoid (28) is protruding from the inside of the pulmonary vein branch (19), and one side of the ellipsoid (28) is connected to the hole wall of the active hole (27).

5. The pulmonary vein stenosis interventional surgery training model according to claim 4, characterized in that: A distal sealing piece (29) is provided at the distal end of the pulmonary vein branch (19).

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