Tightening equipment based on metro vehicle wheel set brake disc bolt

Abstract

The utility model discloses tightening equipment based on metro vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts. The tightening equipment comprises a workbench; the indexing rotating mechanism is installed on the workbench and provided with a clamp used for horizontally clamping the brake disc, the indexing rotating mechanism is used for driving the clamp to drive the brake disc clamped by the clamp to horizontally rotate, and the brake disc is provided with a plurality of bolts and nuts which are to be tightened and correspond to each other; the tightening shaft is installed on the workbench through a lifting transverse moving mechanism, the tightening shaft is provided with a tightening head distributed above any bolt, the lifting transverse moving mechanism is used for driving the tightening shaft to drive the tightening head to be close to the bolt and the nut to be tightened, and the tightening shaft is used for driving the tightening head to rotate; and the follow-up rotation preventing sleeve is installed on the workbench through a lifting mechanism and distributed below the tightening head, and the lifting mechanism is used for driving the follow-up rotation preventing sleeve to ascend. The tightening equipment can automatically tighten the bolts of the brake disc, and the working efficiency and the tightening quality of tightening the bolts of the brake disc of the metro vehicle wheel set are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machinery for tightening or loosening screws or nuts, and in particular to a tightening device based on brake disc bolts of a subway vehicle wheel set. Background Art

[0002] In the assembly of wheel-mounted brake discs for rail vehicles, the assembly of the wheel and brake disc fastening bolts is a critical process, placing high demands on the intelligence level, torque control accuracy, and assembly quality of the associated supporting equipment. Currently, brake disc tightening still relies on the simplest method, manually confirming that the upper and lower bolt holes are aligned and then tightening them in a circumferential direction. This tightening process can easily lead to excessive or insufficient torque due to manual error, resulting in bolt connection failure. Therefore, research and analysis of single-axis brake disc electric tightening machines will help improve brake disc bolt tightening efficiency and connection quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a tightening device that helps improve the tightening efficiency and connection quality of brake disc bolts. The technical solutions adopted include:

[0004] A tightening device for a subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolt, comprising:

[0005] Workbench;

[0006] An indexing and rotating mechanism is mounted on the workbench and has a fixture for horizontally clamping a brake disc. The indexing and rotating mechanism is used to drive the fixture to drive the brake disc clamped thereby to rotate horizontally. The brake disc is provided with a plurality of bolts and nuts to be tightened and corresponding to each other;

[0007] A tightening shaft is mounted on the workbench via a lifting and transverse movement mechanism, the tightening shaft having a tightening head distributed above any bolt, the lifting and transverse movement mechanism being used to drive the tightening shaft to bring the tightening head close to the bolt and nut to be tightened, and the tightening shaft is used to drive the tightening head to rotate;

[0008] The anti-rotation sleeve is installed on the workbench through a lifting mechanism and is distributed below the tightening head. The anti-rotation sleeve is provided with a limiting groove. The lifting mechanism is used to drive the anti-rotation sleeve to rise so as to be close to the bolts and nuts to be tightened for limiting.

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution to solve its technical problem: it also includes a positioning mechanism, which is used to position the bolt and nut to be tightened below the tightening head.

[0010] An embodiment of the present utility model adopts a technical solution to solve its technical problem: the positioning mechanism includes a first laser sensor and a second laser sensor, the first laser sensor is installed on one side of the indexing and rotating mechanism, and its detection head is distributed at an angle, the first laser sensor is used to detect the oil filling hole under the brake disc, the second laser sensor is installed on the lifting and transverse movement mechanism with its detection head facing downward, and the second laser sensor and the tightening head are distributed in a circular pattern with the rotation center of the indexing and rotating mechanism as the center.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution to solve the technical problem as follows: the anti-rotation sleeve is installed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism through an elastic vertical telescopic mechanism.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution to solve its technical problem: the elastic vertical telescopic mechanism includes a limiting cylinder and a spring, the limiting cylinder is installed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism, the spring is vertically installed in the limiting cylinder and is connected to the anti-rotation sleeve after being extended.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention solves its technical problem by adopting a technical solution: it also includes a nylon sleeve, the clamp is a pneumatic chuck, the nylon sleeve is installed on the upper end of the pneumatic chuck, and the side wall of the nylon sleeve is provided with a hole for the fingers of the pneumatic chuck to extend out.

[0014] An embodiment of the present invention solves the technical problem by adopting a technical solution as follows: the indexing rotation mechanism includes a servo motor, a speed reducer and a worm gear rotator.

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution to solve the technical problem as follows: it also includes a pre-assembled bracket arranged on one side of the workbench.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the automatic tightening of the bolts of the brake disc can be realized, and the tightening process does not require manual support of the bolts, which significantly improves the working efficiency and tightening quality of the subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tightening device for the brake disc bolts of a subway vehicle wheel set according to this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the tightening device for the brake disc bolts of a subway vehicle wheel set according to this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the use of the tightening device for the brake disc bolts of a subway vehicle wheel set according to this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the anti-rotation sleeve described in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, "above," "below," and "within" are understood to be exclusive of the number indicated, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to be inclusive of the number indicated. The use of "first" and "second" is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number or order of the technical features indicated.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "disposed," "installed," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; fixed connection or detachable connection or integral molding; mechanical connection; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] Reference Figure 1-4 , an embodiment of the present application is proposed, and the tightening device based on the brake disc bolts of the subway vehicle wheels described in this embodiment includes:

[0027] Workbench 1;

[0028] An indexing and rotating mechanism 2 is mounted on the workbench 1 and has a fixture 21 for horizontally clamping a brake disc. The indexing and rotating mechanism 2 is used to drive the fixture 21 to drive the brake disc clamped thereby to rotate horizontally. The brake disc is provided with a plurality of bolts and nuts to be tightened and corresponding to each other;

[0029] A tightening shaft 3 is mounted on the workbench 1 via a lifting and traversing mechanism 4. The tightening shaft 3 has a tightening head 31 located above any bolt. The lifting and traversing mechanism 4 is used to drive the tightening shaft 3 to bring the tightening head 31 close to the bolt and nut to be tightened. The tightening shaft 3 is used to drive the tightening head 31 to rotate.

[0030] The anti-rotation sleeve 5 is installed on the workbench 1 through a lifting mechanism 51 and is distributed below the tightening head 31. The anti-rotation sleeve 5 is provided with a limiting groove 52 for limiting the rotation of the nut or bolt head. The lifting mechanism 51 is used to drive the anti-rotation sleeve 5 to rise to approach the bolts and nuts to be tightened for limiting.

[0031] The preassembled brake disc is placed horizontally on the workbench 1. After the brake disc is mounted on the indexing rotation mechanism 2 through the clamp 21, a plurality of bolts and nuts to be tightened and corresponding to each other are provided on the brake disc, so that the tightening head 31 and the anti-rotation sleeve 5 correspond to one of the bolts and nuts to be tightened up and down.

[0032] In this embodiment, the nut faces downward and the bolt head faces upward.

[0033] The limiting groove is a regular polygonal groove, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is greater than the number of sides of the nut, which makes it convenient for the nut to be placed in the regular polygonal groove and prevents the nut from rotating; the lower end of the limiting groove is also provided with a socket that matches the rod of the bolt and is used for inserting the bolt, so that the bolt extends into the socket when tightening; the tightening head 31 is provided with a regular polygonal receiving groove, and the number of sides of the receiving groove is greater than the number of sides of the bolt head, which makes it convenient for the bolt head to be placed in the receiving groove and prevents the bolt from rotating relative to the tightening head 31.

[0034] That is, the tightening head 31 descends under the action of the lifting and transverse movement mechanism 4 to allow the bolt head to be placed in the accommodating groove, and the anti-rotation sleeve 5 then rises under the action of the lifting mechanism 51 to allow the nut to be placed in the limiting groove, and the tightening shaft 3 drives the tightening head 31 to rotate, driving the bolt to rotate relative to the nut to tighten.

[0035] In another embodiment, the nut faces upward and the bolt head faces downward. The number of sides of the limiting groove is greater than the number of sides of the bolt head, and the number of sides of the receiving groove is greater than the number of sides of the nut. The bolt head is placed in the limiting groove, and the tightening head 31 is lowered to place the nut below it in the receiving groove. The tightening shaft 3 drives the tightening head 31 to rotate, causing the nut to rotate relative to the bolt to tighten. In this case, the tightening head 31 is provided with a socket that matches the shank of the bolt and is connected to the receiving groove, so that the bolt can be inserted into the socket during tightening.

[0036] After the relative tightening of the current nut and bolt is completed, the tightening head 31 and the anti-rotation sleeve 5 are respectively away from the brake disc; the indexing rotation mechanism 2 drives the brake disc to rotate so that the next nut and bolt to be tightened are located between the tightening head 31 and the anti-rotation sleeve 5, and then the tightening head 31 is lowered under the action of the lifting and transverse movement mechanism 4, and the anti-rotation sleeve 5 is raised under the action of the lifting mechanism 51, and the tightening shaft 3 drives the tightening head 31 to tighten the next bolt and nut, and repeats the cycle to complete the tightening of all bolts.

[0037] The tightening shaft 3 drives the tightening head 31 to drive the bolt and nut to rotate relative to each other to achieve locking. The tightening shaft 3 adopts a high-precision tightening shaft 3 system with a modular tightening program compilation function, which can easily combine complex tightening control and tightening strategies to meet the needs of various actual tightening processes. The torque size can be adjusted, and the torque and angle signals are transmitted using digital communication, which has strong anti-interference ability, high accuracy and reliability, and the tightening process does not require manual support of the bolt. It can automatically rise and fall to align and exit according to the program of the tightening control system, which significantly improves the work efficiency and tightening quality of the subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolt tightening.

[0038] As shown in the accompanying drawings, the lifting and lateral movement mechanism uses a cylinder to push the tightening shaft 3 to move along the slide rail in both the vertical and lateral directions. In order to reduce the structural dimensions of the tightening workbench 1 and make the equipment look simple and beautiful, the lateral movement cylinder adopts a rodless cylinder. Proximity switch sensors are installed on both sides of the lifting and lateral movement cylinders for precise positioning of the tightening system. Hydraulic buffers and blocks are installed at both ends of the cylinder for buffering and mechanical limiting, which can ensure the safety of personnel and equipment in the event of equipment failure. The speed of station change can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure and flow of compressed air. The mechanism has accurate positioning change and is flexible and convenient to operate.

[0039] Preferably, a positioning mechanism 6 is further included, which is used to position the bolts and nuts to be tightened below the tightening head 31, that is, when the indexing rotation mechanism 2 drives the brake disc to rotate, the bolts can be rotated to the bottom of the tightening head 31 so that the bolts are aligned with the tightening head 31.

[0040] The positioning mechanism 6 includes a first laser sensor 61 and a second laser sensor 62. The first laser sensor 61 is installed on one side of the indexing and rotating mechanism 2, and its detection head is tilted. The first laser sensor 61 is used to detect the oil filling hole under the brake disc. The second laser sensor 62 is installed on the lifting and transverse movement mechanism 4 with its detection head facing downward. The second laser sensor 62 and the tightening head 31 are distributed in a circular pattern with the rotation center of the indexing and rotating mechanism 2 as the center.

[0041] When the first laser sensor 61 detects the oil filling hole, the second laser sensor 62 starts working. When the second laser sensor detects that a bolt head is aligned below it, there is another bolt head below the tightening head 31. Therefore, the first laser sensor 61 and the second laser sensor 62 can locate the bolt to be tightened, and can ensure that tightening starts from the bolt below the tightening head 31, ensuring that the bolts are tightened in the specified tightening order.

[0042] Preferably, the anti-rotation sleeve 5 in this embodiment is installed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 51 through an elastic vertical telescopic mechanism 7.

[0043] The anti-rotation sleeve 5 can prevent the nut from rotating with the bolt, and the elastic vertical telescopic mechanism 7 enables the anti-rotation sleeve 5 to be telescoped under the action of external force. Even if the anti-rotation sleeve 5 and the nut are not successfully aligned, the anti-rotation sleeve 5 will not press the brake disc tightly, causing the brake disc to be unable to rotate.

[0044] In this embodiment, the elastic vertical telescopic mechanism 7 includes a limiting cylinder 71 and a spring. The limiting cylinder 71 is installed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 51. The spring is vertically installed in the limiting cylinder 71 and is extended to connect with the anti-rotation sleeve 5.

[0045] Preferably, the indexing mechanism 2 in this embodiment comprises a reducer 23, a servo motor 22, a worm gear rotator 24, and a pneumatic chuck. The pneumatic chuck is mounted on the power output of the worm gear rotator 24. The indexing mechanism 2 also includes a nylon sleeve 8. The clamp 21 is a pneumatic chuck. The nylon sleeve 8 is mounted on the upper end of the pneumatic chuck, and the sidewall of the nylon sleeve 8 is provided with a hole for the pneumatic chuck's fingers to extend. When the brake disc is placed on the workbench 1, the disc hole of the brake disc is placed on the nylon sleeve 8 to prevent scratching of the brake disc.

[0046] The indexing mechanism 2 uses an encoder on a servo motor 22 to perform rotational indexing and precise positioning. Based on control instructions, the wheel to be assembled can be driven to the desired assembly position. The rotation speed and direction can be adjusted using a servo controller.

[0047] In this embodiment, a pre-assembly bracket 9 is further provided on one side of the workbench 1. The brake disc is placed on the pre-assembly bracket 9. After the pre-assembly bracket 9 pre-assembles the brake disc, the pre-assembled brake disc is placed on the workbench 1 for tightening the bolts.

[0048] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications and substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A tightening device for brake disc bolts of subway vehicle wheels, characterized in that: include: Workbench (1); An indexing rotation mechanism (2) is mounted on the workbench (1) and has a clamp (21) for horizontally clamping a brake disc. The indexing rotation mechanism (2) is used to drive the clamp (21) to drive the clamped brake disc to rotate horizontally. The brake disc is provided with a plurality of bolts and nuts to be tightened and corresponding to each other. A tightening shaft (3) is mounted on the workbench (1) via a lifting and lateral movement mechanism (4), the tightening shaft (3) having a tightening head (31) distributed above any bolt, the lifting and lateral movement mechanism (4) being used to drive the tightening shaft (3) to drive the tightening head (31) close to the bolt and nut to be tightened, and the tightening shaft (3) being used to drive the tightening head (31) to rotate; An anti-rotation sleeve (5) is installed on the workbench (1) through a lifting mechanism (51) and is distributed below the tightening head (31). The anti-rotation sleeve (5) is provided with a limiting groove (52) for limiting the rotation of the nut or bolt head. The lifting mechanism (51) is used to drive the anti-rotation sleeve (5) to rise so as to approach the bolt and nut to be tightened for limiting the position.

2. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a positioning mechanism (6), which is used to position the bolt and nut to be tightened below the tightening head (31).

3. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (6) includes a first laser sensor (61) and a second laser sensor (62), wherein the first laser sensor (61) is mounted on one side of the indexing rotation mechanism (2), and its detection head is tiltedly distributed, the first laser sensor (61) is used to detect the oil filling hole below the brake disc, the second laser sensor (62) is mounted on the lifting and transverse movement mechanism (4) and its detection head is downward, and the second laser sensor (62) and the tightening head (31) are distributed in a circumferential manner with the rotation center of the indexing rotation mechanism (2) as the center.

4. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-rotation sleeve (5) is installed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism (51) through an elastic vertical telescopic mechanism (7).

5. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The elastic vertical telescopic mechanism (7) comprises a limiting cylinder (71) and a spring (72). The limiting cylinder (71) is mounted on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism (51). The spring (72) is vertically mounted in the limiting cylinder (71) and is connected to the anti-rotation sleeve (5) after being extended.

6. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a nylon sleeve (8), the clamp (21) is a pneumatic chuck, the nylon sleeve (8) is installed on the upper end of the pneumatic chuck, and the side wall of the nylon sleeve (8) is provided with a hole for the fingers of the pneumatic chuck to extend out.

7. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indexing rotation mechanism (2) comprises a servo motor (22), a speed reducer (23) and a worm gear rotator (24).

8. The tightening device for subway vehicle wheel set brake disc bolts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a pre-assembled bracket (9) arranged on one side of the workbench (1).

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