Signal transmission line, quantum measurement and control circuit and quantum computer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a signal transmission line, a quantum measurement and control circuit and a quantum computer. The signal transmission line comprises a first flexible strip line, a second flexible strip line and a fixing assembly, wherein the first ends of the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line are oppositely arranged; each of the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; the first conductive layer is exposed out of the first surface of the first end of the first flexible strip line; a first solder layer is arranged on the first conductive layer; the second conductive layer is exposed out of the first surface of the first end of the second flexible strip line; a second solder layer is arranged on the second conductive layer; the fixing assembly is used for detachably pressing the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line together so that the first solder layer can make contact with the second solder layer, and is used for conducting heat to the first solder layer and the second solder layer so that the first solder layer and the second solder layer can be melted together after being heated. By arranging the first solder layer, the second solder layer and the fixing assembly, reliable electric connection between the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of quantum computers, in particular to a signal transmission line, a quantum measurement and control circuit and a quantum computer. Background Art

[0002] Quantum computing is a new computing model that uses the laws of quantum mechanics to control basic information units for calculations. While the basic information unit of classical computing is the classical bit, the basic information unit of quantum computing is the qubit. A classical bit can only exist in one state, either 0 or 1, but based on the quantum mechanical principle of superposition, a qubit can exist in a superposition of multiple possible states. As a result, quantum computing far outperforms classical computing in terms of computational efficiency.

[0003] In superconducting quantum computers, quantum chips must operate at extremely low temperatures, such as around 10mK. This low temperature is typically provided by a dilution refrigerator, where the quantum chip is mounted in the lowest temperature zone, typically at the bottom of the refrigerator. To control and measure the quantum chip at the bottom of the refrigerator, a circuit carrying quantum measurement and control signals must enter the refrigerator, pass through the refrigerator's various cold plates, and connect to the quantum chip in the lowest temperature zone.

[0004] With the rapid growth in the number of qubits, the required measurement and control signal transmission lines (also known as quantum measurement and control lines) have also increased, but the space inside the dilution refrigerator is usually limited. Currently, the signal transmission lines in the measurement and control signal transmission lines are usually coaxial cables. However, coaxial cables have the following disadvantages: their size will be difficult to achieve a smaller design on a large scale in the long term. With the development of flexible stripline, due to its small size and high integration, the use of flexible stripline to replace coaxial cable is increasing. When using flexible stripline, when a measurement and control line uses multiple flexible stripline segments, it is very important to ensure reliable electrical connections between these multiple flexible stripline segments.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background technology section of this application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of this application, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that the information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a signal transmission line, a quantum measurement and control circuit and a quantum computer formed by splicing a first flexible strip line and a second flexible strip line, wherein the electrical connection between the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line is reliable to ensure the quality of the signal transmission line.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a signal transmission line, comprising:

[0009] A first flexible strip line and a second flexible strip line disposed opposite each other at the first end and a fixing assembly;

[0010] The first flexible stripline and the second flexible stripline each include opposing first and second surfaces;

[0011] The first surface of the first end of the first flexible stripline exposes the first conductive layer; a first solder layer is provided on the first conductive layer; the first surface of the first end of the second flexible stripline exposes the second conductive layer; a second solder layer is provided on the second conductive layer;

[0012] The fixing assembly is used to detachably press the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line together to make the first solder layer and the second solder layer contact each other, and to conduct heat to the first solder layer and the second solder layer so that they melt together after being heated.

[0013] The signal transmission line as described above further includes a first metal layer provided between the first conductive layer and the first solder layer;

[0014] and a second metal layer disposed between the second conductive layer and the second solder layer.

[0015] The signal transmission line as described above, further, the fixing component includes:

[0016] a first clamping block, configured to be attached to the second surface of the first flexible strip line;

[0017] a second clamping block, configured to be attached to the second surface of the second flexible strip line;

[0018] A fastener is used to achieve a detachable connection between the first clamping block and the second clamping block.

[0019] The signal transmission line as described above, further, the fastener includes,

[0020] a bolt, configured to pass through the first clamping block and the second clamping block in sequence;

[0021] a spring, sleeved on the bolt and located between the first clamping block and the second clamping block;

[0022] A nut is threadably coupled to the bolt to enable the first clamping block and the second clamping block to be detachably connected.

[0023] The signal transmission line as described above, further, the first clamping block is provided with a first limiting groove, the width of the first limiting groove matches the width of the first flexible strip line;

[0024] The second clamping block is provided with a second limiting groove, and the width of the second limiting groove matches the width of the second flexible strip line.

[0025] The signal transmission line as described above, further, the first conductive layer comprises a plurality of first conductive wires, each of the first conductive wires is deposited with the first metal layer, and each of the first metal layers is coated with the first solder layer;

[0026] The second conductive layer includes a plurality of second conductive wires, each of which is deposited with the second metal layer, and each of which is coated with the second solder layer;

[0027] The first solder layer and the second solder layer are in contact with each other in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0028] In the signal transmission line as described above, further, the material of the first conductor is a copper-containing metal, and the material of the second conductor is niobium-titanium.

[0029] The signal transmission line as described above, further, the material of the first metal layer is gold, and the material of the second metal layer is gold;

[0030] And / or, the fixing component is made of a heat-conductive material.

[0031] A second aspect of the present invention provides a quantum measurement and control circuit, comprising the above-mentioned signal transmission line, wherein one end of the signal transmission line is electrically connected to a signal source or a measuring device, and the other end is electrically connected to a quantum chip.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention provides a quantum computer comprising at least one of the above-mentioned quantum measurement and control circuits.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] A first solder layer is provided on the first conductive layer of the first flexible stripline, a second solder layer is provided on the second conductive layer of the second flexible stripline, and then the first flexible stripline and the second flexible stripline are crimped together by a fixing component so that the first solder layer and the second solder layer are in contact. At the same time, the fixing component conducts heat to the first solder layer and the second solder layer so that they are melted together after being heated, thereby achieving a reliable electrical connection between the first flexible stripline and the second flexible stripline.

[0035] The quantum measurement and control circuit and quantum computer provided by the present invention both include the above-mentioned signal transmission line, and therefore have the same beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A side cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 3 A side cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 4 A side cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0040] In the accompanying drawings: 10, first flexible strip line; 11, first conductive layer; 12, first metal layer; 13, first solder layer; 14, first insulating layer; 20, second flexible strip line; 21, second conductive layer; 22, second metal layer; 23, second solder layer; 24, second insulating layer; 30, fixing component; 31, first clamp; 32, second clamp; 33, bolt; 34, spring; 35, nut; 40, strip heater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and cannot be interpreted as limiting this application.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0044] Figure 1 A side cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a signal transmission line, including: a first flexible stripline 10 and a second flexible stripline 20 arranged opposite to each other at first ends, and a fixing component 30, wherein the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20 each include a first surface and a second surface facing each other; wherein the first surface of the first end of the first flexible stripline 10 exposes a first conductive layer 11; a first solder layer 13 is provided on the first conductive layer 11; the first surface of the first end of the second flexible stripline 20 exposes a second conductive layer 21; a second solder layer 23 is provided on the second conductive layer 21; and the fixing component 30 is used to detachably press the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20 together so that the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are in contact, and to conduct heat to the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 so that they are melted together after being heated.

[0045] In this embodiment, a first solder layer 13 is provided on the first conductive layer 11 of the first flexible stripline 10, and a second solder layer 23 is provided on the second conductive layer 21 of the second flexible stripline 20. Then, the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20 are crimped together by a fixing component 30 so that the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are in contact. At the same time, the fixing component 30 conducts heat to the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 so that they are melted together after being heated, thereby achieving an electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20.

[0046] It should be noted that this embodiment may further include a third flexible strip line, or even more. The third flexible strip line may be electrically connected to the first flexible strip line 10, or may be electrically connected to the second flexible strip line. The specific electrical connection is achieved in the same manner as the first flexible strip line 10 and the second flexible strip line 20, that is, by providing a solder layer and fixing the component 30 to achieve electrical connection.

[0047] To further improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20, in some implementations of this embodiment, the signal transmission line further includes a first metal layer 12 disposed between the first conductive layer 11 and the first solder layer 13; and a second metal layer 22 disposed between the second conductive layer 21 and the second solder layer 23. The provision of the first metal layer 12 and the second metal layer 22 improves soldering quality, thereby making the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20 more reliable.

[0048] In this embodiment, the fixing assembly 30 has two functions: first, it is used to achieve crimping of the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20; second, it is used to conduct heat to the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23, causing them to fuse together. Therefore, the structure of the fixing assembly 30 has a significant impact on the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20.

[0049] To improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20, in some implementations of this embodiment, the fixing assembly 30 includes: a first clamping block 31 for attaching to the second surface of the first flexible stripline 10; a second clamping block 32 for attaching to the second surface of the second flexible stripline 20; and a fastener for achieving a detachable connection between the first clamping block 31 and the second clamping block 32. In this embodiment, the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20 are clamped together by the first clamping block 31 and the second clamping block 32, and the fastener connects the first clamping block 31 and the second clamping block 32 to press the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20 together, so that the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are effectively in contact, thereby achieving a reliable electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20.

[0050] To further improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20, in some implementations of this embodiment, the fastener includes a bolt 33 for sequentially passing through the first clamping block 31 and the second clamping block 32; a spring 34 disposed on the bolt 33 and positioned between the first clamping block 31 and the second clamping block 32; and a nut 35 threadedly engaged with the bolt 33 to achieve a detachable connection between the first clamping block 31 and the second clamping block 32. The fastener in this embodiment, by providing the spring 34, can achieve elastic compression between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20, thereby improving the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pressure of the fixing assembly 30 on the first flexible strip line 10 and the second flexible strip line 20 can be adjusted by selecting springs 34 with different performances and different positions on the bolt 33 when the nut 35 is tightened, thereby affecting the welding effect. Therefore, in actual application, this embodiment can be used to detect the final welding result according to the springs 34 with different performances or the nuts 35 tightened in different positions, and the spring 34 performance and the tightening position of the nut 35 corresponding to the better final welding result can be selected.

[0052] In order to further improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible strip line 10 and the second flexible strip line 20, in some implementations of this embodiment, a first limiting groove is provided on the first clamping block 31, and the width of the first limiting groove matches the width of the first flexible strip line 10; and a second limiting groove is provided on the second clamping block 32, and the width of the second limiting groove matches the width of the second flexible strip line 20.

[0053] By providing a first limiting groove on the first clamping block 31 and a second limiting groove on the second clamping block 32, the first flexible strip line 10 and the second flexible strip line 20 are respectively limited, thereby facilitating the connection between the first flexible strip line 10 and the second flexible strip line 20 and ensuring the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0054] To further improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20, in some implementations of this embodiment, the first conductive layer 11 includes multiple first conductive wires, each of which is deposited with the first metal layer 12 and coated with the first solder layer 13. The second conductive layer 21 includes multiple second conductive wires, each of which is deposited with the second metal layer 22 and coated with the second solder layer 23. The first solder layers 13 and the second solder layers 23 are in one-to-one contact with each other. This ensures a reliable one-to-one electrical connection between the multiple first conductive wires in the first flexible stripline 10 and the multiple second conductive wires in the second flexible stripline 20.

[0055] In order to further improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline 20, in some implementations of this embodiment, the first metal layer 12 is made of gold, the second metal layer 22 is made of gold; and the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are both made of solder paste.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first and second conductors can be signal wires made of the same material, illustratively, both containing copper. Of course, the first and second conductors can also be signal wires made of different materials. For example, when the signal transmission line of this embodiment needs to pass through a cold plate in a refrigerator, signal wires of different materials can be used. When the signal transmission line needs to pass through a 4K cold plate, the signal transmission line of this embodiment can be composed of a first flexible stripline 10, wherein the first conductor is a conductive metal material with low thermal conductivity (such as phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, or silver), and a second flexible stripline 20, wherein the second conductor is a superconducting material (such as niobium titanium), wherein the first flexible stripline 10 is located in a temperature range higher than 4K, and the second flexible stripline 20 is located in a temperature range lower than or equal to 4K.

[0057] Regarding the heat conduction function of the fixing assembly 30, in order to ensure the heat conduction performance of the fixing assembly 30, the fixing assembly 30 is made of a heat conductive material. In addition, the heat source used and the arrangement relationship between the heat source and the fixing assembly 30 are not specifically limited. Two specific examples are given below.

[0058] Example 1: A hot air gun is used as a heat source. The hot air blown out by the hot air gun is aimed at the fixing component 30, thereby transferring heat to the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 so that the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are melted together.

[0059] Example 2: Using a heater mounted on the fixing assembly 30 as a heat source; specifically, Figure 3 A side cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;like Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 1 On the basis of this, a mounting groove can be provided on the outer surface of the fixing component 30, and a strip heater 40 can be installed in the mounting groove. The fixing component 30 is heated by the strip heater 40, and then the heat is transferred to the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23; further, a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature can be arranged on the fixing component 30, and the temperature sensor can be provided on the inner surface of the fixing component 30. There is no specific limit to the number of temperature sensors, and one or more temperature sensors can be provided. For example, when two temperature sensors are provided, one temperature sensor is provided on the inner wall of the first clamp 31, and the other is provided on the inner wall of the second clamp 32.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, after the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are melted and fixed, the fixing assembly 30 can be removed.

[0061] Typically, a flexible stripline includes not only a conductive layer but also insulating layers disposed on both sides of the conductive layer. Specifically, the first flexible stripline 10 in this embodiment further includes a first insulating layer 14 disposed on both sides of the first conductive layer 11, and the second flexible stripline 20 in this embodiment further includes a second insulating layer 24 disposed on both sides of the second conductive layer 21. In this embodiment, since the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 are melted to achieve electrical connection between the first flexible stripline 10 and the second flexible stripline, the first insulating layer 14 and the second insulating layer 24 are preferably made of a high-temperature resistant insulating material to prevent the heat required for soldering the first solder layer 13 and the second solder layer 23 from affecting the performance of the first insulating layer 14 and the second insulating layer 24. For example, the first insulating layer 14 and the second insulating layer 14 are both made of polyimide.

[0062] Furthermore, the signal transmission line of the present application can be a spliced flexible strip line formed by electrically connecting a first flexible strip line 10 and a second flexible strip line 20, or can be a plurality of spliced flexible strip lines formed by electrically connecting a plurality of first flexible strip lines 10 and a plurality of second flexible strip lines 20 in a one-to-one correspondence. Figure 4 A side cross-sectional view of a signal transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The signal transmission line is two spliced flexible strip lines formed by electrically connecting two first flexible strip lines 10 and two second flexible strip lines 20 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0063] Based on the same application concept, this application also proposes a quantum measurement and control circuit, including the aforementioned signal transmission line, one end of which is electrically connected to a signal source or measurement device, and the other end of which is electrically connected to a quantum chip. The quantum measurement and control circuit of this embodiment includes the aforementioned signal transmission line and thus has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned signal transmission line, which will not be further described here.

[0064] Based on the same application concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computer comprising at least one of the aforementioned quantum measurement and control circuits. Therefore, it has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned quantum measurement and control circuits and will not be further elaborated here.

[0065] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments" or "examples" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with such embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and reconcile the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art who, without departing from the scope of the present invention, makes any equivalent substitution, modification, or other variation to the technical solution and technical content disclosed herein shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the present invention and remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A signal transmission line, characterized in that: include: A first flexible strip line and a second flexible strip line disposed opposite each other at the first end and a fixing assembly; The first flexible stripline and the second flexible stripline each include opposing first and second surfaces; The first surface of the first end of the first flexible stripline exposes the first conductive layer; a first solder layer is provided on the first conductive layer; the first surface of the first end of the second flexible stripline exposes the second conductive layer; a second solder layer is provided on the second conductive layer; The fixing assembly is used to detachably press the first flexible strip line and the second flexible strip line together to make the first solder layer and the second solder layer contact each other, and to conduct heat to the first solder layer and the second solder layer so that they melt together after being heated.

2. The signal transmission line according to claim 1, wherein: Also included is a first metal layer disposed between the first conductive layer and the first solder layer; and a second metal layer disposed between the second conductive layer and the second solder layer.

3. The signal transmission line according to claim 1, wherein: The fixing assembly includes: a first clamping block, configured to be attached to the second surface of the first flexible strip line; a second clamping block, configured to be attached to the second surface of the second flexible strip line; A fastener is used to achieve a detachable connection between the first clamping block and the second clamping block.

4. The signal transmission line according to claim 3, wherein: The fastener comprises, a bolt, configured to pass through the first clamping block and the second clamping block in sequence; a spring, sleeved on the bolt and located between the first clamping block and the second clamping block; A nut is threadably coupled to the bolt to enable the first clamping block and the second clamping block to be detachably connected.

5. The signal transmission line according to claim 3, wherein: The first clamping block is provided with a first limiting groove, and the width of the first limiting groove matches the width of the first flexible strip line; The second clamping block is provided with a second limiting groove, and the width of the second limiting groove matches the width of the second flexible strip line.

6. The signal transmission line according to claim 2, wherein: The first conductive layer includes a plurality of first conductive wires, each of which is deposited with the first metal layer, and each of which is coated with the first solder layer; The second conductive layer includes a plurality of second conductive wires, each of which is deposited with the second metal layer, and each of which is coated with the second solder layer; The first solder layer and the second solder layer are in contact with each other in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The signal transmission line according to claim 6, wherein: The first conductive wire is made of copper-containing metal, and the second conductive wire is made of niobium-titanium.

8. The signal transmission line according to claim 6, wherein: The material of the first metal layer is gold, and the material of the second metal layer is gold; And / or, the fixing component is made of a heat-conductive material.

9. A quantum measurement and control circuit, characterized in that: The method comprises the signal transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein one end of the signal transmission line is electrically connected to a signal source or a measuring device, and the other end is electrically connected to a quantum chip.

10. A quantum computer comprising at least one quantum measurement and control circuit according to claim 9.

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