Throwing and chopping device and harvester

Abstract

The utility model provides a throwing and chopping device and a harvester, the throwing and chopping device comprises a grass throwing part, a chopping part and a grass throwing channel, with the heading direction of the harvester as the front, the grass throwing part is arranged behind a threshing cylinder to throw straws; the chopping part is used for chopping the thrown straws; the grass throwing channel is arranged between the grass throwing part and the chopping part for conveying straws; wherein the grass throwing channel comprises an upper channel plate and a lower channel plate, the lower channel plate is provided with a transition plate and an adjusting plate, one end of the upper channel plate is connected with the upper end of the grass throwing part, and the other end is connected with the upper end of the chopping part; the transition plate is connected with the lower end of the throwing part; the adjusting plate is arranged between the lower end of the chopping part and the transition plate; the adjusting plate adjusts the setting position and forms a blanking port with the upper channel plate; and the blanking port is used for throwing grass. According to the throwing and chopping device, the straw throwing mode and the straw chopping mode can be achieved on the same harvester, the requirements of users can be met, and switching of the working modes is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery manufacturing, in particular to a throwing and chopping device and a harvester. Background Art

[0002] In the existing harvester operation process, there are two modes for straw processing: Mode 1 is to facilitate the return of straw to the field, and a chopping device is set at the rear of the harvester. The chopped straw is discharged by a spreader, and the chopped straw is subsequently returned to the field as fertilizer; Mode 2 is due to the need for straw recycling. During the operation of the harvester, the whole straw is directly thrown out to facilitate subsequent recycling and generate economic benefits. Usually, the two harvesting modes cannot be switched, that is, a harvester has only one operating mode, which can only perform straw chopping or only straw throwing. However, due to different user needs, the two modes need to be used alternately. The existing harvesters on the market only have one straw processing mode, which increases the inconvenience for users and also increases the cost of agricultural use. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a harvester that can switch between two different modes of straw spreading and straw chopping to meet the harvesting needs of different users and improve applicability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a throwing and chopping device and a harvester, which solve the problem of a single straw chopping and throwing usage mode during the harvesting process.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a throwing and chopping device, including a throwing part, a chopping part, and a throwing channel. With the forward direction of the harvester as the front, the throwing part is arranged behind the threshing drum for throwing the straw; the chopping part is used to chop the thrown straw; the throwing channel is arranged between the throwing part and the chopping part for transporting the straw; the throwing channel includes: an upper channel plate, one end of the upper channel plate is connected to the upper end of the throwing part, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the chopping part; a lower channel plate, The track plate is arranged below the upper channel plate to form a grass throwing channel with the upper channel plate; the lower channel plate includes: a transition plate, which is connected to the lower end of the grass throwing part; an adjustment plate, which is arranged between the lower end of the chopping part and the transition plate; the adjustment plate adjusts its setting position to form a dropout port in the grass throwing channel, and the straw falls from the dropout port; the two ends of the adjustment plate are respectively connected to the transition plate and the lower end of the chopping part, and the straw is transferred from the grass throwing channel to the chopping part for chopping and then discharged.

[0005] The harvester is equipped with both a straw throwing section and a straw chopping section. By switching the position of the adjustment plate in the straw throwing channel, the two harvester operation modes of straw throwing and straw chopping can be realized respectively. The straw recovery mode during the harvesting process can be adjusted according to the harvesting needs of different users, which is efficient and simple.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment plate includes an adjustment device, which is arranged on both sides of the adjustment plate along the width direction and connects the shredding part and the adjustment plate; one end of the adjustment plate connected to the shredding part is a fixed end, and the other end is a free end, and the adjustment device switches the connection position of the free end to form the blanking port.

[0007] Preferably, the shredding portion comprises a shredding lower cover plate and a shredder, a fixed knife group is provided between the shredding lower cover plate and the shredder, and the fixed knife group is fixed on the shredding lower cover plate.

[0008] Preferably, the chopping part includes a spreader, which is arranged behind the chopper and at the tail of the harvester; the spreader includes a plurality of baffles arranged along the forward direction of the harvester, and adjacent baffles are spaced to form a spreading channel, and the chopped straw is discharged from the spreading channel.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment device includes a screw and an adjustment handle, the screw connects the fixed end and the shredding lower cover plate, and the adjustment plate is rotated and adjusted on the screw; the adjustment handle is adjusted to control the connection position of the free end.

[0010] Preferably, the grass throwing part includes a grass throwing wheel, which is transmission-connected to the chopper, and a braking device is provided between the grass throwing wheel and the chopper to control the operation of the chopper.

[0011] Preferably, the upper channel plate includes a first channel plate connected to the upper end of the grass throwing part, a second channel plate connected to the upper end of the chopping part, and a third channel plate arranged between the first channel plate and the second channel plate. The first channel plate, the second channel plate, and the third channel plate are located in different planes; when the adjustment plate is adjusted, the free end is located at the connection between the second channel plate and the third channel plate.

[0012] Preferably, when the adjustment plate is connected to the transition plate, the free end overlaps with the transition plate to form the grass throwing channel.

[0013] Preferably, when the adjustment plate is connected to the transition plate, the adjustment plate is connected to one end of the transition plate, and the free end is located on the same plane as the upper surface and the lower surface of the transition plate.

[0014] The spreading and chopping device provided by the utility model is equipped with a spreading part and a chopping part at the same time. By arranging an adjustment plate in the straw throwing channel and adjusting the connection position of the adjustment plate, different straw harvesting modes, namely straw chopping and straw spreading working modes, can be switched to meet the straw needs of different users for different harvesting states.

[0015] The utility model also provides a harvester comprising any one of the above-mentioned throwing and chopping devices.

[0016] The harvester provided by the utility model can realize switching between two straw processing modes by providing a spreading and chopping device. It can not only spread the straw for recovery, but also chop the straw and return it to the field. It can meet the different needs of users and has a wider range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0018] Figure 1 A harvester is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a throwing and chopping device provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a throwing and chopping device provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a throwing and chopping device provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 .

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a throwing and chopping device provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 4 .

[0023] Figure 6 A bottom view of a throwing and chopping device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0025] 100-harvester; 1-threshing drum; 2-screen box; 3-spreading and chopping device; 31-grass throwing part; 311-grass throwing wheel; 32-chopping part; 321-chopping lower cover plate; 322-chopper; 323-fixed knife group; 324-spreader; 3241-baffle; 3242-spreading channel; 33-grass throwing channel; 331-upper channel plate; 3311-first channel plate; 3312-second channel plate; 3313-third channel plate; 332-lower channel plate; 3321-transition plate; 3322-adjusting plate; 3322a-fixed end, 3322b-free end; 333-dropping port; 334-adjusting device; 3341-screw; 3342-adjusting handle; 34-brake device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] To simplify the drawings, only the parts relevant to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure. They do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted or labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one" but also "more than one."

[0028] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the harvester includes a threshing drum 1, a chopping unit 32 arranged at the rear of the harvester, and a grass throwing unit 31 arranged at the rear side of the threshing drum 1 with the forward direction of the harvester as the front, and the grass throwing unit 31 and the chopping unit 32 are connected by a grass throwing channel 33. Figure 2-Figure 6The throwing section 31 is used to throw the plucked straw out of the harvester, and the chopping section 32 is used to chop the straw. The throwing channel 33 is provided with an upper channel plate 331 for transporting the straw and directing the direction of straw transport. The two sides of the upper channel plate 331 are respectively connected to the upper end of the throwing section 31 and the upper end of the chopping section 32. The lower channel plate 332 is correspondingly arranged below the upper channel plate 331. The lower channel plate 332 and the upper channel plate 331 are arranged along the forward direction of the harvester to form the throwing channel 33. The lower channel plate 332 includes a transition plate 3321 and an adjustment plate 3322. The transition plate 3321 is connected to the throwing section 31 and is provided here to facilitate the transition and transport of the straw after being thrown from the throwing section 31, thereby preventing the straw from falling into the screen box 2 below the harvester. In some harvesters, due to the different setting angles of the threshing drum 1 and the selection of a larger threshing drum 1 to meet harvesting efficiency, if the straw is thrown out from the grass throwing section 31 alone without a transition plate 3321, the straw is easily thrown and dropped into the screen box 2 below the threshing drum 1 during the grass throwing process of the grass throwing section 31, interfering with the normal grain screening process. Therefore, a transition plate 3321 needs to be provided at the rear side of the grass throwing section 31. The adjustment plate 3322 is provided between the transition plate 3321 and the chopping section 32. The two ends of the adjustment plate 3322 are respectively connected to the transition plate 3321 and the lower end of the chopping section 32. By adjusting the setting position of the adjustment plate 3322, the switching between the two modes of only throwing grass without chopping and chopping straw can be realized. Specifically, the setting position of the adjustment plate 3322 is adjusted. In the grass throwing channel, when the drop port 333 is formed between the adjustment plate 3322 and the transition plate 3321, during the operation of the harvester, the straw after picking the ears is transported to the grass throwing channel 33 through the grass throwing part 31, and then directly discharged from the harvester through the drop port 33, thereby realizing the function of only throwing the straw; when the adjustment plate 3322 and the transition plate 3321 are connected, the straw after picking the ears is thrown into the grass throwing channel 33 by the grass throwing part 31, directly transported to the chopping part 32, and then chopped by the chopping part 32, and the straw is thrown out of the harvester for subsequent return to the field for cultivation.

[0033] The harvester is provided with a grass throwing part 31 and a chopping part 32 at the same time. By providing a grass throwing channel 33 and an adjusting plate 3322 in the grass throwing channel 33, and by changing the setting position of the adjusting plate 3322, a drop port 333 is formed, thereby further realizing the switching between two straw harvesting modes of only throwing the straw without chopping and chopping the straw. This can meet the harvesting needs of different users, realize the diversification and characterization of the harvester's operating modes, and at the same time, can reduce the cost expenditure of agricultural machinery use to a certain extent, and has applicability.

[0034] In the implementation manner provided in this embodiment, see Figure 2 、 Figure 6The adjusting plate 3322 is provided with an adjusting device 334 to facilitate adjustment of the setting position of the adjusting plate 3322. The position of the adjusting plate 3322 can be adjusted in the following ways: first, a slide groove or a bayonet is provided at both ends of the adjusting plate 3322, and both ends of the adjusting plate 3322 are movably connected to one end of the transition plate 3321 and the lower end of the chopping portion 32 respectively. If complete straw is needed, the adjusting plate 3322 only needs to be taken out to form the drop opening 333, and then harvesting can be carried out. The disadvantage of this method is that a transmission component and other related harvester operating parts are also provided near the setting position of the adjusting plate 3322. Therefore, it is troublesome to take out the adjusting plate 3322, which takes a long time and affects the operating efficiency of the harvester. At the same time, the adjusting plate 3322 is separated from the harvester and there is a risk of loss. The above situation can be avoided by providing the adjusting device 334. Specifically, the adjusting device 334 is arranged on both sides of the adjusting plate 3322 along the width direction of the adjusting plate 3322. The adjusting device 334 connects the shredding part 32 and the adjusting plate 3322. The adjusting plate 3322 can be rotated through the adjusting device 334. At this time, the end of the adjusting plate 3322 connected to the shredding part 32 is the fixed end 3322a, and the end connected to the transition plate 3321 is the free end 3322b. By changing the connection position of the free end 3322b, a blanking port 333 is formed between the free end 3322b and the transition plate 3321. Furthermore, the adjustment device 334 includes a screw 3341 and an adjustment handle 3342. The screw 3341 connects the adjustment plate 3322 to the lower end of the shredder portion 32. The adjustment plate 3322 is rotatable on the screw 3341, that is, the fixed end 3322a can rotate about the screw 3341, changing the position of the free end 3322b. The adjustment handle 3342 is connected to the screw 3341. By adjusting the position of the adjustment handle 3342, the position of the adjustment plate 3322 is adjusted, thereby forming the blanking port 333 or connecting the adjustment plate 3322 to the transition plate 3321. Furthermore, the adjustment handle 3342 can be connected to a drive device, which drives the connection between the free end 3322b of the adjustment plate 3322 and the transition plate 3321, making operation easier.

[0035] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 5To achieve better straw chopping during the harvesting process, a fixed blade assembly 323 is provided in the chopping section 32. The chopping section 32 includes a chopper 322 and a chopping lower cover 321. The fixed blade assembly 323 is positioned between the chopper 322 and the chopper 322 and is fixed to the chopping lower cover 321. During the straw chopping process, the fixed blade assembly 323 on the chopping lower cover 321 cooperates with the rotating chopper 322 to ensure uniform straw chopping and prevent uncut straw. A spreader 324 is located behind the chopper 322, at the rear end of the harvester, and is used to evenly spread the chopped straw. The spreader 324 is equipped with multiple baffles 3241, which are arranged along the harvester's forward direction. The baffles 3241 evenly spread the chopped straw as the harvester moves forward. To achieve uniform spreading, adjacent baffles 3241 are spaced apart to form spreading channels 3242, which guide the chopped straw. The straw passes through the spreading channels 3242 and is evenly spread onto the harvested field for subsequent return to the field.

[0036] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The grass throwing section 31 is equipped with a grass throwing wheel 311, which is connected to the chopper 322 via a transmission. Since the operation mode can be changed according to user needs, if the user chooses to harvest straw without chopping, only the grass throwing wheel 311 needs to rotate, and the chopper 322 does not need to rotate with the grass throwing wheel 311. Therefore, a designated device is required between the grass throwing wheel 311 and the chopper 322 to control the operating state of the chopper 322. Specifically, the grass throwing wheel 311 and the chopper 322 are connected by a belt, and a belt tensioning device is provided between the grass throwing wheel 311 and the chopper 322. In this case, the brake device 34 serves as the belt tensioning device. If the grass throwing wheel 311 and the chopper 322 need to rotate synchronously, the belt is tensioned by the tensioning device, so that the chopper 322 rotates synchronously with the grass throwing wheel 311. If only the grass throwing function is required, that is, when the straw is not chopped, the belt tension is adjusted, the grass throwing wheel 311 is allowed to idle, and the chopper 322 does not rotate with the grass throwing wheel 311, thereby achieving a braking process. This arrangement can reduce transmission energy consumption and reduce harvesting costs.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper channel plate 331 is provided within the grass throwing channel 33 to limit the throwing height of the grass throwing wheel 311, thereby enabling straw transport. Due to the large size of the harvester, a single-piece upper channel plate 331 would be too rigid and prone to deformation during harvesting. Furthermore, due to the numerous functional and transmission components arranged within the harvester, a one-piece upper channel plate 331 would compromise the layout of the various functional modules within the harvester, impacting the overall size of the harvester. Therefore, the upper channel plate 331 utilizes a segmented design. The upper channel plate 331 comprises a first channel plate 3311 connected to the upper end of the grass throwing section 31, a second channel plate 3312 connected to the upper end of the chopping section 32, and a third channel plate 3313 disposed between the first and second channel plates 3311, 3312. The first, second, and third channel plates 3311, 3312, and 3313 are disposed on different planes and are bent at their junctions. When adjusting the position of the adjusting plate 3322, the free end 3322b is located at the connection between the second channel plate 3312 and the third channel plate 3313. At this time, after the straw is thrown out from the grass throwing part 31, the first channel plate 3311, the second channel plate 3312 and the adjusting plate 3322 are connected, and a drop port 333 is formed between the fixed end 3322a of the adjusting plate 3322 and the transition plate 3321. The straw is thrown out of the harvester from this drop port 333 and is subsequently recovered.

[0038] Since the grass throwing channel 33 is located above the harvester screen box 2, the screen box 2 is located above the lower end of the grass throwing channel 33, namely the transition plate 3321 and the adjustment plate 3322. Therefore, the installation of the transition plate 3321 and the adjustment plate 3322 involves the problem of whether straw will fall into the screen box 2, affecting the screening effect of the screen box 2. Figure 5 In one embodiment, when the free end 3322b of the adjustment plate 3322 is connected to the transition plate 3321, the free end 3322b partially overlaps with the transition plate 3321. The adjustment plate 3322 is arranged above the transition plate 3321 to form a grass throwing channel 33. This installation method is suitable for harvesters with smaller threshing drums 1. Since the threshing drum is relatively small in the length direction of the harvester, the length of the screen box 2 below is also relatively small. The length of the transition plate 3321 and the adjustment plate 3322 below the grass throwing channel 33 is relatively short. Therefore, the transition plate 3321 is preset to partially overlap with the free end 3322b of the adjustment plate 3322. Figure 4 In another embodiment, when the adjusting plate 3322 is connected to the transition plate 3321, the adjusting plate 3322 is connected to one end of the transition plate 3321, and the free end 3322b is located on the same plane as the upper surface and the lower surface of the transition plate 3321. This installation method is adopted in view of the fact that the threshing drum 1 is large, the installation inclination angle of the threshing drum 1 is small, and the length of the screen box 2 is long.

[0039] The embodiment provides a harvester that is provided with a chopping unit 32 and a grass throwing unit 31. By switching the position of the adjustment plate 3322 in the grass throwing channel 33 connecting the chopping unit 32 and the grass throwing unit 31, the two operation modes of straw throwing and recovery and straw chopping and returning to the field can be switched between each other, meeting the harvesting needs of different users. It has applicability, can improve agricultural economic benefits, and meet the development needs of green agriculture. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of the present invention that fall within the scope of the attached claims and their equivalent technical solutions.

Claims

1. A throwing and chopping device, characterized in that: include: The straw throwing part is arranged behind the threshing drum with the forward direction of the harvester as the front, and is used for throwing the straw; A chopping unit, which is used to chop the thrown straw; a grass throwing channel, the grass throwing channel being arranged between the grass throwing part and the chopping part and being used for conveying straw; The grass throwing channel comprises: an upper channel plate, one end of the upper channel plate being connected to the upper end of the grass throwing portion, and the other end being connected to the upper end of the chopping portion; A lower channel plate, the lower channel plate being correspondingly arranged below the upper channel plate and forming a grass throwing channel together with the upper channel plate; The lower channel plate comprises: A transition plate connected to the lower end of the grass throwing part; An adjusting plate is provided between the lower end of the chopping part and the transition plate; the adjusting plate adjusts its setting position to form a drop opening in the grass throwing channel, and the straw falls from the drop opening; the two ends of the adjusting plate are respectively connected to the transition plate and the lower end of the chopping part, and the straw is transferred from the grass throwing channel to the chopping part for chopping and then discharged.

2. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment plate includes an adjustment device, which is arranged on both sides of the adjustment plate along the width direction and connects the shredding part and the adjustment plate; one end of the adjustment plate connected to the shredding part is a fixed end, and the other end is a free end, and the adjustment device switches the connection position of the free end to form the blanking port.

3. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shredding part includes a shredding lower cover plate and a shredder. A fixed knife group is arranged between the shredding lower cover plate and the shredder. The fixed knife group is fixed on the shredding lower cover plate.

4. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chopping part includes a spreader, which is arranged behind the chopper and at the tail of the harvester; the spreader includes a plurality of baffles arranged along the forward direction of the harvester, and adjacent baffles are spaced to form a spreading channel, and the chopped straw is discharged from the spreading channel.

5. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting device includes a screw and an adjusting handle. The screw connects the fixed end and the shredding lower cover plate. The adjusting plate is rotated and adjusted on the screw. The adjusting handle is adjusted to control the connection position of the free end.

6. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grass throwing part includes a grass throwing wheel, which is transmission-connected to the chopper. A braking device is provided between the grass throwing wheel and the chopper to control the operation of the chopper.

7. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper channel plate includes a first channel plate connected to the upper end of the grass throwing part, a second channel plate connected to the upper end of the chopping part, and a third channel plate arranged between the first channel plate and the second channel plate. The first channel plate, the second channel plate, and the third channel plate are located in different planes; when the adjustment plate is adjusted, the free end is located at the connection between the second channel plate and the third channel plate.

8. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the adjustment plate is connected to the transition plate, the free end overlaps with the transition plate to form the grass throwing channel.

9. A throwing and chopping device according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the adjustment plate is connected to the transition plate, the adjustment plate is connected to one end of the transition plate, and the free end is located on the same plane as the upper surface and the lower surface of the transition plate.

10. A harvester, characterized in that: The invention comprises a throwing and chopping device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images