Locking device, electric actuator and aircraft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking device, an electric actuator and an aircraft, relates to the technical field of electric actuators, and aims to solve the problem of failure of the electric actuator caused by failure of a main nut. The locking device comprises a shell, a containing cavity is defined in the shell, and a connector and a locking structure are arranged in the containing cavity; the lead screw shaft penetrates through the shell and is at least partially located in the containing cavity. The joint piece is arranged on the periphery of the lead screw shaft in a surrounding mode and can selectively clamp or release the lead screw shaft, and an internal thread is arranged on the side, facing the lead screw shaft, of the joint piece. The locking structure comprises a first locking part and a second locking part which are matched with each other, the first locking part is arranged on the cavity wall of the containing cavity, and the second locking part is arranged on the side, back to the lead screw shaft, of the connecting piece. When the shell moves from the initial position to the locking position, the first locking part and the second locking part are configured to convert axial movement of the shell into pressing force which is applied to the joint piece and faces the lead screw shaft, so that the joint piece locks the lead screw shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field related to electric actuators, and in particular to a locking device, an electric actuator, and an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] Existing electromechanical horizontal stabilizer actuators typically use a ball screw as the core drive mechanism. The ball screw's nut is connected to the horizontal stabilizer. The screw shaft converts the motor's rotational motion into linear motion of the nut, achieving pitch motion of the horizontal stabilizer. In the absence of actuation commands, the horizontal stabilizer actuator is also responsible for maintaining the wing's position. Failure of the main nut, under the influence of external aerodynamic loads, can cause uncommanded movement of the horizontal stabilizer, leading to catastrophic failure.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to design a locking device for locking the electric actuator when a main nut failure occurs to ensure the safety of the main nut failure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a locking device, an electric actuator, and an aircraft, which can solve the problem of electric actuator failure caused by a main nut failure.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a locking device for locking a screw shaft, the locking device comprising a housing, a receiving cavity defined in the housing, a coupling member and a locking structure provided in the receiving cavity;

[0006] The screw shaft passes through the housing and is at least partially located in the receiving cavity;

[0007] The coupling member is arranged around the outer circumference of the screw shaft and can selectively clamp or release the screw shaft, and the side of the coupling member facing the screw shaft is provided with an internal thread;

[0008] The locking structure includes a first locking portion and a second locking portion that cooperate with each other, the first locking portion is provided on the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, and the second locking portion is provided on a side of the coupling member that faces away from the screw shaft;

[0009] In which, the locking device has an initial position and a locking position. When the shell moves from the initial position to the locking position, the first locking part and the second locking part are configured to convert the axial movement of the shell into a clamping force applied to the coupling toward the screw shaft, so that the coupling locks the screw shaft.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the coupling includes two coupling parts, which are connected together by a first elastic part and are jointly arranged around the outer periphery of the screw shaft. In the initial position, the first elastic part provides an elastic force to move the two coupling parts away from each other, so that the coupling releases the screw shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the locking device also includes a retaining frame, which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the screw shaft and is axially movably arranged in the receiving cavity. The two engaging portions are axially limited on the retaining frame, and the outer peripheral side of the retaining frame facing away from the screw shaft is provided with two stop portions arranged axially at intervals. Two limiting portions are provided on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity. In the locking position, only one of the limiting portions can cooperate with the corresponding stop portion.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the retaining frame includes two retaining portions arranged at intervals along the axial direction, and a connecting portion connected between the two retaining portions, the two joining portions are arranged between the two retaining portions, and each of the retaining portions is provided with a stop portion on the side facing away from the screw shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the stop portion is a stop groove, the limiting portion is a limit column, and each limit column is connected to the shell through an end facing away from the stop groove through a second elastic member, and the second elastic member provides an elastic force to the limit column to move radially toward the screw shaft.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the two limiting posts are provided with a guide bevel on one side facing the corresponding stop groove, the two guide bevels are arranged axially opposite to each other, and the distance between the two guide bevels gradually decreases from the axis of the screw shaft to the outer circumference thereof, and the notch of the stop groove is provided with a chamfered surface;

[0015] At the initial position, the two guide inclined surfaces are in contact with the corresponding chamfered surfaces respectively;

[0016] In the locking position, the guiding bevel and chamfered surface of one limiting column cooperate to guide the limiting column to be inserted into the corresponding stop groove, and the guiding bevel of the other limiting column is separated from the corresponding chamfered surface and away from the corresponding stop groove.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the first locking portion is a clamping groove provided in the accommodating cavity, and the second locking portion is a boss provided on the outer peripheral side of the coupling member, the boss has a clamping side facing away from the coupling member, a clamping slope is provided on the clamping side, and part of the boss extends into the clamping groove, the notch side of the clamping groove abuts against the clamping slope, and provides the clamping force to the coupling member under the action of the clamping slope.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the boss has a connecting side connected to the coupling member, and the clamping side is provided with clamping slopes on both sides of the axial direction, and the distance between the two clamping slopes gradually decreases from the connecting side to the clamping side.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the clamping side of the boss is further provided with an abutment plane, which is arranged between the two clamping inclined surfaces. In the initial position, the abutment plane is in contact with the bottom of the clamping groove, and the groove mouth side of the clamping groove abuts against the clamping inclined surface. In the locked position, there is a gap between the abutment plane and the bottom of the clamping groove.

[0020] On the other hand, the present application also provides an electric actuator, comprising:

[0021] Motor Department;

[0022] a screw shaft and a main nut, the main nut being rotatably connected to the outer peripheral side of the screw shaft via balls; and

[0023] In the locking device described in any of the above technologies, the motor part, the screw shaft and the locking device are coaxially arranged, and when the main nut is normally engaged with the screw shaft, the locking device is in the initial position; when the main nut fails, the locking device is in the locked position.

[0024] On the other hand, the present application also provides an aircraft, which includes a locking device as described in any of the above technical solutions or an electric actuator as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0025] The above technical solution of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the housing can move axially along the screw shaft relative to the coupling when the main nut on the screw shaft fails. During the movement of the housing, when the first locking portion provided on the housing follows the housing to move axially relative to the coupling, the second locking portion moves radially toward the screw shaft under the action of the first locking portion, so as to convert the axial displacement of the housing into a pressing force applied to the coupling, so that the internal thread of the coupling is in full contact with the external thread of the screw shaft to clamp the screw shaft, thereby utilizing the friction between the threads to prevent the movement of the screw shaft, locking the entire motion system, and thus ensuring the flight safety of the aircraft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the locking device in the locked position according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axial direction when the locking device in the embodiment of the present application is in the locked position;

[0029] Figure 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the locking device in the initial position in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axial direction when the locking device in the embodiment of the present application is in the initial position;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in .

[0032] The main reference numerals in the drawings of this application specification are described as follows:

[0033] 1-housing; 11-accommodating cavity; 111-limiting portion; 1111-guide slope;

[0034] 2-joining member; 21-joining portion; 22-first elastic member;

[0035] 3-locking structure; 31-first locking portion; 32-second locking portion; 321-pressing side; 3211-pressing inclined surface; 3212-abutting plane;

[0036] 4-cage; 41-stop portion; 411-chamfered surface; 42-holding portion;

[0037] 5- second elastic member;

[0038] 100-screw shaft; C-axis line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0041] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] This application provides a locking device and an electric actuator, each of which is described in detail below. It should be noted that the order in which the following embodiments are described does not limit the preferred order of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For details not described in one embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0044] Existing electromechanical horizontal stabilizer actuators typically use a ball screw as the core drive mechanism. The ball screw's nut is connected to the horizontal stabilizer, and the screw shaft converts the motor's rotational motion into linear motion of the nut, achieving the horizontal stabilizer's pitch motion. The horizontal stabilizer actuator is also responsible for maintaining the wing's position in the absence of actuation commands. If the nut fails, aerodynamic loads can cause uncommanded movement of the horizontal stabilizer, leading to a catastrophic failure. Therefore, a locking device is required to lock the actuator in the event of a main nut failure, ensuring fail-safe operation.

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking device in the locking position according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axial direction when the locking device is in the locked position in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The locking device provided in the present application is used for locking a screw shaft 100. The locking device comprises a housing 1, wherein a receiving cavity 11 is defined in the housing 1, and a joint 2 and a locking structure 3 are provided in the receiving cavity 11.

[0046] The screw shaft 100 passes through the housing 1 and is at least partially located in the receiving cavity 11 .

[0047] The coupling member 2 is disposed around the outer circumference of the screw shaft 100 and can selectively clamp or release the screw shaft 100 . An internal thread is provided on a side of the coupling member 2 facing the screw shaft 100 .

[0048] The locking structure 3 includes a first locking portion 31 and a second locking portion 32 that cooperate with each other. The first locking portion 31 is disposed within the housing 1, and the second locking portion 32 is disposed on the side of the coupling member 2 that faces away from the screw shaft 100. That is, the first locking portion 31 is disposed on the inner wall of the receiving cavity 11 of the housing 1, and the second locking portion 32 is disposed radially outward of the coupling member 2.

[0049] The locking device has an initial position and a locked position. When the housing 1 moves from the initial position to the locked position, the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 are configured to convert the axial movement of the housing 1 into a pressing force applied to the coupling member 2 toward the screw shaft 100, so that the coupling member 2 locks the screw shaft 100. It will be understood that in the locked position, the internal thread of the coupling member 2 is in full contact with the external thread of the screw shaft 100, and the friction between the threads is used to prevent the screw shaft 100 from moving.

[0050] During specific use, the housing 1 can move axially relative to the coupling 2 along the screw shaft 100 when the main nut on the screw shaft 100 fails. During the movement of the housing 1, the first locking portion 31 provided on the housing 1 moves axially with the housing 1 relative to the coupling 2. Under the action of the first locking portion 31, the second locking portion 32 moves radially toward the screw shaft 100 toward the screw shaft 100, thereby converting the axial displacement of the housing 1 into a pressing force applied to the coupling 2, so that the internal thread of the coupling 2 is fully in contact with the external thread of the screw shaft 100 to clamp the screw shaft 100, thereby utilizing the friction between the threads to prevent the screw shaft 100 from moving, locking the entire motion system, and thus ensuring the flight safety of the aircraft.

[0051] Figure 3 It is an axial cross-sectional view of the locking device in the embodiment of the present application when it is in the initial position. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axial direction when the locking device is in the initial position in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The joint 2 includes two joints 21 and a first elastic member 22. The two joints 21 are connected together by the first elastic member 22 and are jointly arranged around the outer periphery of the screw shaft 100. In the initial position, the first elastic member 22 provides an elastic force to move the two joints 21 away from each other, so that the joint 2 releases the screw shaft 100. Figure 4 In the initial position, the internal threads of the two engaging portions 21 are separated from the external threads of the screw shaft 100, and a gap exists, thereby releasing the screw shaft 100 and not affecting the normal rotation of the screw shaft 100. In other words, the locking device does not bear any load when the electric actuator is operating normally, and does not affect the normal driving of the electric actuator.

[0052] When in the locked position, the second locking portion 32 drives the joint portion 21 connected thereto to move toward the direction close to the screw shaft 100. At this time, the first elastic member 22 is further compressed to make the two joint portions 21 move closer to each other. The internal thread of the joint member 2 is in full contact with the external thread of the screw shaft 100. The friction between the thread and the raceway prevents the screw shaft 100 from moving, thereby locking the entire motion system. Figure 2 In other words, when the main nut connected in series with the locking device on the same screw shaft 100 fails and the load is borne by the locking device, the locking device can lock the screw shaft 100.

[0053] It is understandable that when only one joint portion 21 is provided with the second locking portion 32, during the movement of the housing 1 relative to the joint member 2, the joint portion 21 provided with the second locking portion 32 will move toward the other joint portion 21, thereby clamping the screw shaft 100. When both joint portions 21 are provided with the second locking portion 32, during the movement of the housing 1 relative to the joint member 2, the two joint portions 21 will move toward each other and thereby clamp the screw shaft 100. It should be noted that the drawings of this application only show an embodiment in which the second locking portion 32 is provided on one joint portion 21. In some embodiments not shown in the drawings, both joint portions 21 may be provided with the second locking portion 32.

[0054] Specifically, in the initial position (i.e., when the main nut is properly engaged, in normal operating mode), the aerodynamic load is borne by the primary force transmission path (the main nut), while the backup force transmission path (the transmission path where the locking device is located) is unloaded. If the primary force transmission path (the transmission path where the main nut is located) fails, the backup force transmission path (the transmission path where the locking device is located) will be responsible for carrying and locking the electric actuator movement, ensuring flight safety.

[0055] For example, the two joint portions 21 are respectively a first split nut and a second split nut. The first split nut and the second split nut can be understood as two components obtained by splitting a nut into two parts along its radial direction.

[0056] In some embodiments, the locking device further comprises a retainer 4, which is disposed on the outer circumference of the screw shaft 100 and is axially movable within the receiving cavity 11. The two engaging portions 21 are axially limited by the retainer 4. The outer circumference of the retainer 4 facing away from the screw shaft 100 is provided with two stop portions 41 spaced apart in the axial direction, and the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 11 is provided with two limiting portions 111. In the locked position, only one limiting portion 111 can be limitedly engaged with the corresponding stop portion 41 to limit the relative position of the retainer 4 and the housing 1 in the axial direction.

[0057] Therefore, when the housing 1 moves toward the left along the axial direction of the screw shaft 100, the limiting portion 111 located on the left side can cooperate with the corresponding stop portion 41 to prevent the housing 1 from moving further toward the left relative to the retaining frame 4, and the housing 1 moves to the right and retracts after being triggered, causing the coupling 2 to release the screw shaft 100 after being triggered (locking the screw shaft 100). When the housing 1 moves toward the right along the axial direction of the screw shaft 100, the limiting portion 111 located on the right side can cooperate with the corresponding stop portion 41 to prevent the housing 1 from moving further toward the right relative to the retaining frame 4, and the housing 1 moves to the left and retracts after being triggered, causing the coupling 2 to release the screw shaft 100 after being triggered (locking the screw shaft 100). As a result, the response speed and reliability of the locking structure 3 to faults can be improved.

[0058] To achieve axial positioning of the coupling member 2, the retainer 4 includes two axially spaced retaining portions 42 and a connecting portion connecting the two retaining portions 42. The two coupling portions 21 are disposed between the two retaining portions 42, and each retaining portion 42 is provided with a stop portion 41 on the side facing away from the screw shaft 100. This simplifies the structure for axially positioning the two coupling portions 21. Furthermore, it ensures a compact axial structure of the locking device.

[0059] In some embodiments, the stop portion 41 is a stop groove, the limit portion 111 is a limit column, and the end of each limit column facing away from the stop groove is connected to the housing 1 through a second elastic member 5. The second elastic member 5 provides an elastic force to the limit column to move radially toward the screw shaft 100. Therefore, when the limit column is aligned with the stop groove, the limit column can be automatically inserted into the stop groove to prevent the retaining frame 4 from being axially displaced relative to the housing 1, and through the limitation of this mechanical structure, the axial limitation between the two can be ensured to be more stable and reliable.

[0060] It is understood that the positions of the limiting posts and the stop grooves can be interchanged. For example, the limiting posts can be respectively provided on the two retaining portions 42, with the bottom ends of the limiting posts elastically connected to the retaining portions 42 via the second elastic member 5, and the stop grooves are provided on the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0061] For example, a mounting hole is opened on the inner wall of the shell 1, and the second elastic member 5 and the limiting column are both arranged in the mounting hole, and the limiting column extends out of the mounting hole on the side facing away from the second elastic member 5. The second elastic member 5 and the limiting column can be accommodated through the mounting hole, and the movement guidance of the limiting column and the deformation guidance of the second elastic member 5 can also be achieved.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the two limiting columns are provided with a guide bevel 1111 on one side facing the corresponding stop groove, and the two guide bevels 1111 are arranged axially opposite to each other. From the axis C of the screw shaft 100 to its outer peripheral side, the distance between the two guide bevels 1111 gradually decreases, and the notch of the stop groove is provided with a chamfered surface 411. In the initial position, the two guide bevels 1111 are in contact with the corresponding chamfered surfaces 411 respectively. In the locked position, the guide bevel 1111 and the chamfered surface 411 of one limiting column cooperate to guide the limiting column to be inserted into the corresponding stop groove, and the guide bevel 1111 of the other limiting column is separated from the corresponding chamfered surface 411 and away from the corresponding stop groove. In this way, it is convenient to guide the limiting column to be inserted into the corresponding stop groove, and it is convenient to guide the other limiting column to be separated from the corresponding stop groove.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the first locking portion 31 is a compression groove provided in the receiving cavity 11, and the second locking portion 32 is a boss provided on the outer peripheral side of the coupling member 2. The boss has a compression side 321 facing away from the coupling member 2, and a compression slope 3211 is provided on the compression side 321. A portion of the boss extends into the compression groove, and the notch side of the compression groove abuts against the compression slope 3211, and provides a compression force to the coupling member 2 under the action of the compression slope 3211. In other words, the boss has different radial dimensions at the position of the compression slope 3211, while the notch side of the compression groove remains in a constant radial position relative to the screw shaft 100. Therefore, when the boss abuts against the compression slope 3211 at different positions, the distance between the coupling member 2 and the axis CC of the screw shaft 100 changes, thereby providing a compression force to the coupling member 2, so that the internal thread of the coupling member 2 and the external thread of the screw shaft 100 are in full or sufficient contact. For example, the two groove walls of the clamping groove that are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction are inclined, and the inclination angle of the groove walls is greater than the inclination angle of the clamping inclined surface 3211. The inclination angle of the groove wall is the angle between the groove wall and the axis C of the screw shaft 100, and the inclination angle of the clamping inclined surface 3211 is the angle between the clamping inclined surface 3211 and the axis C of the screw shaft 100.

[0064] Among them, the boss has a connecting side for connecting the coupling 2, and the clamping side 321 is provided with clamping inclined surfaces 3211 on both sides of the axial direction. From the connecting side to the clamping side 321, the distance between the two clamping inclined surfaces 3211 gradually decreases, so that when the housing 1 moves axially to the left or right, the coupling 2 can be clamped on the screw shaft 100 by the notch side of the clamping groove on the housing 1 through the corresponding clamping inclined surface 3211.

[0065] Based on the above embodiment, the pressing side 321 of the boss is further provided with an abutting plane 3212, and the abutting plane 3212 is arranged between the two pressing bevels 3211. In the initial position, the abutting plane 3212 is in contact with the bottom of the pressing groove, and the notch side of the pressing groove abuts against the pressing bevel 3211. This close contact can ensure that the joint 2 has sufficient stability in the initial stage and reduce the risk of loosening. In the locked position, there is a gap between the abutting plane 3212 and the bottom of the pressing groove, which can provide a certain degree of freedom of adjustment to the joint 2, which means that when there may be slight errors or deformations between the joint 2 and the housing 1, effective locking can still be achieved without damaging the joint 2 due to over-tightening.

[0066] In other embodiments, the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 may be slider structures, one of which is a slide rail arranged radially along the screw shaft 100, and the other is a slider. Slide rails are slidably connected to both sides of the slide rail in the axial direction, and the two sliders are connected to the housing 1 via respective connecting rods. When the housing 1 moves axially, the connecting rods can push the sliders to slide radially along the screw shaft 100. Both sliders are connected to the joint 2. Alternatively, it can be understood that both sliders are connected to the joint portion 21 of the joint 2.

[0067] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the first locking portion 31 includes two adapting grooves spaced apart along the axial direction, and the second locking portion 32 includes two protrusions spaced apart along the axis, and the opposite sides of the two protrusions are provided with matching inclined surfaces.

[0068] On the other hand, the present application also provides an electric actuator comprising a motor unit, a screw shaft 100, and a main nut, wherein the main nut is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral side of the screw shaft 100 via a ball bearing; and a locking device described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the motor unit, the screw shaft 100, and the locking device are coaxially arranged, and when the main nut and the screw shaft 100 are normally engaged, the locking device is in an initial position, and when the main nut fails, the locking device is in a locked position. Since the locking structure 3 in the above-mentioned electric actuator of the present application and the above-mentioned locking structure 3 have the same structure, the two can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same technical effect.

[0069] In another aspect, the present application further provides an aircraft, which also includes the locking device described in any of the above technical solutions or the electric actuator described in any of the above technical solutions. Because the locking structure 3 in the aircraft of the present application and the above locking structure 3 have the same structure, or the electric actuator in the aircraft and the above electric actuator have the same structure, both can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0070] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0071] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims. In addition, the specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application. The content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. A locking device, characterized in that: Used for locking a screw shaft (100), the locking device comprises a housing (1), a receiving cavity (11) is defined in the housing (1), and a joint (2) and a locking structure (3) are provided in the receiving cavity (11); The screw shaft (100) is disposed through the housing (1) and is at least partially located in the receiving cavity (11); The coupling member (2) is arranged around the outer periphery of the screw shaft (100) and is capable of selectively clamping or releasing the screw shaft (100); the coupling member (2) is provided with an internal thread on a side facing the screw shaft (100); The locking structure (3) comprises a first locking portion (31) and a second locking portion (32) that cooperate with each other, wherein the first locking portion (31) is arranged on the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity (11), and the second locking portion (32) is arranged on a side of the joint member (2) facing away from the screw shaft (100); The locking device has an initial position and a locking position. When the housing (1) moves from the initial position to the locking position, the first locking portion (31) and the second locking portion (32) are configured to convert the axial movement of the housing (1) into a pressing force applied to the coupling (2) toward the screw shaft (100), so that the coupling (2) locks the screw shaft (100).

2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that The coupling member (2) includes two coupling parts (21), the two coupling parts (21) are connected together by a first elastic member (22), and are jointly arranged around the outer periphery of the screw shaft (100). In the initial position, the first elastic member (22) provides an elastic force to move the two coupling parts (21) away from each other, so that the coupling member (2) releases the screw shaft (100).

3. The locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that The locking device also includes a retaining frame (4), which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the screw shaft (100) and is axially movable in the receiving cavity (11). The two engaging portions (21) are axially limited by the retaining frame (4). The outer peripheral side of the retaining frame (4) facing away from the screw shaft (100) is provided with two stop portions (41) arranged at intervals along the axial direction. Two limiting portions (111) are provided on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity (11). In the locking position, only one of the limiting portions (111) can be limited and matched with the corresponding stop portion (41).

4. The locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retaining frame (4) includes two retaining portions (42) spaced apart in the axial direction, and a connecting portion connected between the two retaining portions (42); the two engaging portions (21) are arranged between the two retaining portions (42); and each retaining portion (42) is provided with a stop portion (41) on a side facing away from the screw shaft (100).

5. The locking device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The stop portion (41) is a stop groove, and the limiting portion (111) is a limit column. The end of each limit column facing away from the stop groove is connected to the housing (1) through a second elastic member (5). The second elastic member (5) provides an elastic force to the limit column to move toward the screw shaft (100) along the radial direction of the screw shaft (100).

6. The locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two limiting columns are each provided with a guide bevel (1111) on one side facing the corresponding stop groove, the two guide bevels (1111) are arranged axially opposite to each other, and the distance between the two guide bevels (1111) gradually decreases from the axis of the screw shaft (100) to the outer peripheral side thereof, and the notch of the stop groove is provided with a chamfered surface (411); At the initial position, the two guide inclined surfaces (1111) are in contact with the corresponding chamfered surfaces (411) respectively; In the locking position, the guiding inclined surface (1111) and the chamfered surface (411) of one limiting column cooperate to guide the limiting column to be inserted into the corresponding stop groove, and the guiding inclined surface (1111) of the other limiting column is separated from the corresponding chamfered surface (411) and away from the corresponding stop groove.

7. The locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that The first locking portion (31) is a clamping groove provided in the accommodating cavity (11), and the second locking portion (32) is a boss provided on the outer peripheral side of the coupling member (2), the boss having a clamping side (321) facing away from the coupling member (2), a clamping inclined surface (3211) provided on the clamping side (321), and a portion of the boss extending into the clamping groove, the notch side of the clamping groove abuts against the clamping inclined surface (3211), and provides the clamping force to the coupling member (2) under the action of the clamping inclined surface (3211).

8. The locking device according to claim 7, characterized in that The boss has a connection side connected to the joint member (2), and the pressing side (321) is provided with pressing inclined surfaces (3211) on both sides in the axial direction, and the distance between the two pressing inclined surfaces (3211) gradually decreases from the connection side to the pressing side (321).

9. The locking device according to claim 8, characterized in that The clamping side (321) of the boss is further provided with an abutting plane (3212), and the abutting plane (3212) is provided between the two clamping inclined surfaces (3211). In the initial position, the abutting plane (3212) is in contact with the bottom of the clamping groove, and the notch side of the clamping groove abuts against the clamping inclined surface (3211). In the locked position, there is a gap between the abutting plane (3212) and the bottom of the clamping groove.

10. An electric actuator, characterized in that: include: Motor Department; a screw shaft (100) and a main nut, the main nut being rotatably connected to the outer peripheral side of the screw shaft (100) via balls; and According to the locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the motor part, the screw shaft (100) and the locking device are coaxially arranged, and when the main nut is normally engaged with the screw shaft (100), the locking device is in the initial position, and when the main nut fails, the locking device is in the locked position.

11. An aircraft, characterized in that: The invention comprises the locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or the electric actuator according to claim 10.

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