Pressure energy recovery device for high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of hydrogen fuel cell automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell automobile high-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure energy recovery device which comprises a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electric energy storage module which are sequentially connected. The third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is communicated with the hydrogen output pipeline; a first hydrogen pressure regulation transmission pipeline is also communicated between the primary hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline; the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is communicated with the hydrogen output pipeline through a second hydrogen pressure regulation transmission pipeline; through the cooperation of the multi-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the electric energy storage module, the pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is converted into electrochemical energy to the maximum extent, and the electrochemical energy is stored in the storage battery, so that the waste of the pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is avoided, and the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell automobile is improved; and the comprehensive energy consumption of the automobile is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, and in particular to a pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen as fuel, powered by a fuel cell system. Currently, most fuel cell vehicles use 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen tanks to store hydrogen. Since the hydrogen inlet pressure of a fuel cell system is generally around 1MPa, the hydrogen pressure must be reduced from the high-pressure tank to the fuel cell to meet usage requirements.

[0003] Generally, hydrogen is discharged from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank mainly by converting the internal pressure energy of the tank into flow energy, so that the hydrogen flows out into the fuel cell. During the high-pressure hydrogen decompression process, the pressure energy in the high-pressure storage tank is converted into the kinetic energy of the hydrogen and is lost during the hydrogen transmission process, resulting in energy waste, which is equivalent to increasing energy consumption in disguise.

[0004] At present, the pressure recovery and utilization technology of high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks in fuel cell vehicles mainly focuses on converting pressure energy into thermal energy for use. However, the fuel cell system also generates heat that needs to be discharged during operation, so it cannot achieve a good comprehensive utilization of energy. The few technologies that convert pressure energy into storage in batteries are not very feasible. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which can improve the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle and reduce the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle under the premise of ensuring the safety of the high-pressure hydrogen decompression process.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0007] A pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle comprises a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electric energy storage module connected in sequence, the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to a high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to a hydrogen output pipeline; the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module comprises a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline; the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module comprises a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline and a middle-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline; the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module comprises a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline and a rear-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism installed in the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline; a first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmission pipeline is further connected between the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline; the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the hydrogen output pipeline via a second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmission pipeline.

[0008] In the above-mentioned pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the first-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, the second-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline are coaxially arranged and the pipeline diameters are gradually reduced.

[0009] The above-mentioned pressure energy recovery device of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the electric energy storage module includes a motor shaft installed through the center of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline. One end of the motor shaft is installed on the motor shaft mounting plate at the inlet end of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, and the other end of the motor shaft is connected to a generator arranged outside the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline. The generator is connected to a battery and supplies power to the battery.

[0010] The above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicle high-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure energy recovery device, the front section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism, the middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism, and the rear section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism have the same structure and are sleeved on the circumferential side of the motor shaft.

[0011] The above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicle high-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure energy recovery device, the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism includes a hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade sleeved on the motor shaft, and a plurality of radially arranged turbine blade spacers are installed on the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade, and the turbine blade spacers are evenly spaced and arranged on the same side surface of the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade.

[0012] In the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicle high-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure energy recovery device, the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blades are provided with a plurality of buffer holes for alleviating the impact of excessive high-pressure hydrogen on the blades.

[0013] In the above-mentioned pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a first electromagnetic regulating valve is installed on the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline.

[0014] In the above-mentioned pressure energy recovery device for the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a second electromagnetic regulating valve is installed on the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is as follows.

[0016] The utility model provides a pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. By utilizing the cooperation of a multi-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electrical energy storage module, the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is converted into electrochemical energy to the maximum extent and stored in a battery, thereby avoiding the waste of pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. At the same time, the hydrogen pressure is regulated by the cooperation of an electromagnetic regulating valve and a hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline, so that the hydrogen pressure meets the operating pressure requirement, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the driving mileage of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the transportation radius, and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the turbine blades of the present invention.

[0019] Among them: 1. High-pressure hydrogen input pipeline, 2. Motor shaft mounting rod, 3. First-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, 4. Front-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, 5. Second-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, 6. Middle-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, 7. Third-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, 8. Rear-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, 9. Hydrogen output pipeline, 10. Motor shaft, 11. Generator, 12. Battery, 13. First hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline, 14. Second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline, 15. First electromagnetic regulating valve, 16. Second electromagnetic regulating valve, 17. Hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade, 18. Turbine blade spacer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] A pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, it includes a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electric energy storage module connected in sequence. The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline 1, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the hydrogen output pipeline 9.

[0022] Among them, a first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmission pipeline 13 is also connected between the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline 9. A first electromagnetic regulating valve 15 is installed on the first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmission pipeline 13, which can send the high-pressure hydrogen in the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction module into the first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmission pipeline 13 for adjustment to achieve the required hydrogen pressure requirement, and then send it into the hydrogen output pipeline 9 for output.

[0023] The secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline 9 are connected through a second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 14. A second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 is installed on the second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 14, which can send the high-pressure hydrogen in the secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module into the second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 14 for adjustment to achieve the required hydrogen pressure requirement, and then send it into the hydrogen output pipeline 9 for output.

[0024] The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3 and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 4 installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3 .

[0025] The secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a secondary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5 and a middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 6 installed in the primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5 .

[0026] The three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 and a rear-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 8 installed in the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 .

[0027] The first-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline 3, the second-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline 5, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline 7 are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the pipelines are gradually reduced.

[0028] The electric energy storage module includes a motor shaft 10 installed through the center of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3, the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7. One end of the motor shaft 10 is installed on the motor shaft mounting plate 2 at the inlet end of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3, and the other end of the motor shaft 10 is connected to a generator 11 arranged outside the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7. The generator 11 is connected to a battery 12 and supplies power to the battery 12.

[0029] The motor shaft 10 and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 are sealed using a high-pressure environment main shaft sealing technology.

[0030] The front section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 4 , the middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 6 , and the rear section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 8 have the same structure and are sleeved on the circumference of the motor shaft 10 .

[0031] The hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism includes a hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade 17 sleeved on the motor shaft 10, and a plurality of radially arranged turbine blade spacers 18 are installed on the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade 17. The turbine blade spacers 18 are evenly spaced and arranged on the same side surface of the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade 17, which can ensure the stability of the turbine blade.

[0032] In order to prevent the high-pressure hydrogen at the inlet of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3 from damaging the motor shaft 10, a number of buffer holes are opened on the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blades 17 to alleviate the impact of the high-pressure hydrogen pressure on the blades, thereby reducing damage to the motor shaft 10.

[0033] The working principle of this utility model is:

[0034] High-pressure hydrogen with an initial pressure of 35 MPa enters the first-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline 3 through the high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline 1, and drives the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blades 17 to rotate under the action of high-speed gas, and then enters the second-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline 5 and the third-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline 7 in turn for step-by-step pressure reduction, so that the hydrogen pressure reaches the operating pressure requirement of the fuel cell, and finally the pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and transmitted to the generator 11 through the motor shaft 10 to generate electricity.

[0035] As the pressure in the hydrogen continues to decrease, the first electromagnetic regulating valve 15 and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 can be adjusted to directly send the higher-pressure hydrogen into the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 13 or the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14, and merge with the hydrogen after step-by-step pressure reduction in the hydrogen output pipeline 9 to adjust the final pressure of the hydrogen to meet the use requirements.

[0036] Specifically, when the hydrogen pressure drops to 25 MPa, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 opens. After two pressure reductions, part of the hydrogen enters the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 for further pressure reduction, and the other part is pressure-regulated through the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14, and finally converges in the hydrogen output pipeline 9. By adjusting the size of the electromagnetic regulating valve switch, the proportion of high-pressure hydrogen passing through the hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline is adjusted, and finally the output hydrogen pressure reaches the use requirements and enters the fuel cell.

[0037] When the pressure drops to 15MPa, the first electromagnetic regulating valve 15 and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 are all opened. After the first-stage pressure reduction, part of the hydrogen enters the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for pressure reduction, and the other part is pressure-regulated through the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 13; after the second-stage pressure reduction, part of the hydrogen enters the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for pressure reduction, and the other part is pressure-regulated through the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14, and finally converges in the hydrogen output pipeline 9 to reach the required pressure for use and enter the fuel cell.

[0038] The utility model provides a pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. By utilizing the cooperation of a multi-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electrical energy storage module, the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is converted into electrochemical energy to the maximum extent and stored in a battery, thereby avoiding the waste of pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. At the same time, the hydrogen pressure is regulated by the cooperation of an electromagnetic regulating valve and a hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline, so that the hydrogen pressure meets the operating pressure requirement, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the driving mileage of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the transportation radius, and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle.

Claims

1. A pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, characterized by: The invention comprises a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electric energy storage module which are connected in sequence, wherein the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to a high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline (1), and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to a hydrogen output pipeline (9); the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module comprises a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3) and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (4) installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3); the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module comprises a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5) and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (4) installed in the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5); The invention relates to a method for producing a hydrogen gas pressure reducing module comprising a middle section hydrogen pressure reducing turbine blade mechanism (6) in a first-stage hydrogen pressure reducing pipeline (5); the third-stage hydrogen pressure reducing module comprises a third-stage hydrogen pressure reducing pipeline (7) and a rear section hydrogen pressure reducing turbine blade mechanism (8) installed in the third-stage hydrogen pressure reducing pipeline (7); a first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (13) is further connected between the first-stage hydrogen pressure reducing module and the hydrogen output pipeline (9); and a second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (14) is connected between the second-stage hydrogen pressure reducing module and the hydrogen output pipeline (9).

2. A pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3), the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5), and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7) are coaxially arranged, and the pipeline diameters are gradually reduced.

3. The pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy storage module comprises a motor shaft (10) installed through the center of a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3), a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5), and a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7); one end of the motor shaft (10) is installed on a motor shaft mounting plate (2) at the inlet end of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3); the other end of the motor shaft (10) is connected to a generator (11) arranged outside the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7); the generator (11) is connected to a battery (12) and supplies power to the battery (12).

4. A pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (4), the middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (6), and the rear section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (8) have the same structure and are sleeved on the circumferential side of the motor shaft (10).

5. The pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism comprises a hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade (17) sleeved on a motor shaft (10), a plurality of radially arranged turbine blade spacers (18) being mounted on the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade (17), and the turbine blade spacers (18) being evenly spaced and arranged on the same side surface of the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade (17).

6. The pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blades (17) are provided with a plurality of buffer holes for alleviating the impact of excessive high-pressure hydrogen on the blades.

7. The pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first electromagnetic regulating valve (15) is installed on the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (13).

8. The pressure energy recovery device for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second electromagnetic regulating valve (16) is installed on the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (14).

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