Air pressure balancing device, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an air pressure balancing device, a battery pack and a vehicle, and the air pressure balancing device comprises a balancing valve; the filtering mechanism comprises a shell and a filtering assembly, a cavity used for containing the filtering assembly is formed in the shell, the shell is provided with an insertion hole used for being connected with the balance valve and an exhaust hole used for air circulation, and the insertion hole, the exhaust hole and the cavity are communicated. Thus, according to the technical scheme, the balance valve is installed on the shell through the insertion hole formed in the shell, so that one end of the balance valve extends into the cavity, when outside air flows into the cavity through the balance valve, moisture and dust contained in the air can be adsorbed and filtered after the air makes contact with the filtering assembly, and therefore the air can be filtered out. And the filtered gas can be discharged out of the chamber through the exhaust hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to an air pressure balancing device, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Power batteries have high energy density requirements, and battery packs are typically square boxes. Therefore, battery packs have limited ability to withstand internal and external pressures. Balancing valves are installed on the battery pack frame to adjust the pressure differential between the inside and outside of the battery pack, allowing air to enter. However, moisture and dust in the air can also enter the battery pack, causing performance degradation and, in severe cases, fire. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an air pressure balancing device, a battery pack and a vehicle, which are used to prevent moisture and dust in the air from entering the interior of the battery pack, so as to at least partially solve the problems in the related art.

[0004] Based on the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides an air pressure balancing device, comprising:

[0005] Balancing valve;

[0006] The filtering mechanism includes a shell and a filtering assembly. The shell is provided with a chamber for accommodating the filtering assembly. The shell has a plug hole for connecting the balancing valve and an exhaust hole for air circulation. The plug hole, the exhaust hole and the chamber are connected.

[0007] Optionally, the shell includes an end plate, a plug-in ring column and a rear cover plate, and the end plate and the rear cover plate are respectively located at both ends of the plug-in ring column to enclose and form the chamber, the plug-in hole is arranged on the end plate, and the exhaust hole is provided on the plug-in ring column and the rear cover plate.

[0008] Optionally, the filter assembly includes a first filter plate and a second filter plate, the first filter plate is attached to the plug-in ring column, and the second filter plate is attached to the rear cover plate, the first filter plate is used to absorb moisture in the air, and the second filter plate is used to absorb dust in the air.

[0009] Optionally, the rear cover plate is detachably connected to the plug-in ring column, and the end plate is fixedly connected to the plug-in ring column.

[0010] Optionally, the filter assembly includes a third filter plate, which includes a moisture-absorbing layer and a dust-proof layer stacked in sequence, and the third filter plate is respectively attached to the rear cover plate and the plug-in ring column.

[0011] Optionally, an embedding groove for installing a sealing ring is provided on the side wall surface of the end plate close to the plug-in ring column.

[0012] Optionally, through holes for passing bolts are provided at the edge of the end plate.

[0013] Optionally, a connecting ear for connecting to the end plate is fixedly connected to the balancing valve.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention further provides a battery pack, comprising the air pressure balancing device as described in the first aspect.

[0015] The third aspect of the present invention further provides a vehicle, comprising the battery pack as described in the second aspect.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the balancing valve is installed on the shell through the plug-in hole provided on the shell, so that one end of the balancing valve extends into the chamber. When the outside air flows into the chamber through the balancing valve, the air contacts the filter assembly, and the moisture and dust contained in it will be adsorbed and filtered, and the filtered gas can be discharged from the chamber through the exhaust hole; when the air pressure balancing device is installed on the battery pack, a through groove for plugging into the shell is provided on the frame of the battery pack, so that the exhaust hole is located in the inner cavity of the battery pack, thereby avoiding the air flowing into the inner cavity of the battery pack carrying moisture and dust, and eliminating the performance degradation of the battery pack cavity due to the entry of water vapor and dust.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description of the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack and an air pressure balancing device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air pressure balancing device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air pressure balancing device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the flow of air in a chamber provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Description of Reference Numerals

[0024] 1-Balancing valve; 101-Connecting ear; 2-Housing; 201-End plate; 2011-Connection hole; 2012-Embedded groove; 202-Connection ring column; 2021-Chamber; 2022-Exhaust hole; 203-Rear cover; 3-Filter assembly; 301-First filter plate; 302-Second filter plate; 4-Bolt; 5-Battery pack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] In the relevant technology, taking the power battery pack as an example, when the power battery pack is working, the pressure inside may increase or decrease due to temperature changes, gas generation or battery chemical reactions, and the air pressure, temperature and other conditions of the external environment may also change, resulting in a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack; if the pressure difference is too large, it may cause damage to the battery pack structure, such as deformation of the outer shell, loosening of the connectors inside the battery pack, and even cause safety hazards. Therefore, the internal and external pressure difference can be adjusted by a balancing valve to maintain the internal and external pressure difference within a safe and stable range, thereby protecting the structural integrity of the battery pack. However, when the outside air flows into the battery pack through the balancing valve, the moisture and dust in the air will also flow into the battery pack with the air. Moisture enters the battery pack, especially into the battery cell or battery management system (BMS), which may cause short circuit, unstable electrochemical reaction or corrosion. Batteries in humid environments may face problems such as performance degradation and electrochemical failure, which may cause battery leakage or fire in severe cases. Dust particles entering the battery pack may contaminate electronic components, increase contact resistance, and cause circuit instability. In addition, if dust particles accumulate between battery cells, they may also cause battery cell thermal management problems and even cause local overheating. In severe cases, thermal runaway may occur.

[0028] Based on this, the first aspect of the present invention provides an air pressure balancing device, referring to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the air pressure balancing device includes: a balancing valve 1 and a filter mechanism, wherein the filter mechanism includes a housing 2 and a filter assembly 3, a chamber 2021 for accommodating the filter assembly 3 is provided in the housing 2, the housing 2 has a plug hole 2011 for connecting the balancing valve 1 and an exhaust hole 2022 for air circulation, the plug hole 2011, the exhaust hole 2022 and the chamber 2021 are connected, the balancing valve 1 is installed on the housing 2 through the plug hole 2011 provided on the housing 2, so that one end of the balancing valve 1 extends into the chamber 2021, when the outside When the air flows into the chamber 2021 through the balancing valve 1, the moisture and dust contained in the air will be adsorbed and filtered after the air contacts the filter assembly 3, and the filtered gas can be discharged from the chamber 2021 through the exhaust hole 2022; when the air pressure balancing device is installed on the battery pack 5, a through groove for plugging the shell 2 is provided on the frame of the battery pack 5, so that the exhaust hole 2022 is located in the inner cavity of the battery pack 5, thereby preventing the air flowing into the inner cavity of the battery pack 5 from carrying moisture and dust, and eliminating the performance degradation of the inner cavity of the battery pack 5 due to the entry of water vapor and dust.

[0029] In some embodiments, the air pressure balancing device can also be used in industrial equipment. For example, in the petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical and other industries, the pressure inside the storage tanks and containers will change due to the storage of liquids and gases. Installing the air pressure balancing device on the storage tanks and containers can maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the containers, avoiding damage to the containers due to overpressure or negative pressure. At the same time, the filter component 3 can also effectively isolate the moisture and dust contained in the air flowing into the storage tanks and containers, thereby avoiding contamination of the materials stored in the storage tanks and containers.

[0030] In some embodiments, the balancing valve 1 can be an automatic air circulation balancing valve 1, that is, the automatic air circulation balancing valve 1 does not require external control, and relies on internal mechanical design to achieve automatic adjustment. It is often used to adjust the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the device. When the pressure inside the device (such as the battery pack 5, etc.) is higher or lower than the external ambient pressure, the balancing valve 1 will automatically open or close to release excess pressure or introduce external air to ensure that the internal pressure is balanced with the outside. The structure of the automatic air circulation balancing valve 1 is usually equipped with a mechanical valve, which relies on springs, diaphragms or other sensitive elements to respond to pressure changes. When the pressure difference exceeds the set threshold, the valve will automatically open. When the pressure balance is restored after air circulation, the valve will automatically close.

[0031] Alternatively, a controllable balancing valve 1 can be selected, that is, the internal and external pressure difference can be adjusted through electrical control, pneumatic control or manual control, relying on sensors and control systems to monitor the internal and external pressures in real time. When the pressure difference exceeds a certain range, the control system will issue a command to open or close the balancing valve 1.

[0032] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the housing 2 includes an end plate 201, a plug-in ring column 202 and a rear cover plate 203. The plug-in ring column 202 is constructed as a hollow cube. The end plate 201 and the rear cover plate 203 are respectively arranged at both ends of the plug-in ring column 202. The end plate 201 and the rear cover plate 203 are used to block the two ends of the plug-in ring column 202, thereby enclosing a chamber 2021. The chamber 2021 is used to accommodate the filter component 3. The filter component 3 absorbs moisture and dust in the air to achieve In order to achieve the effect of purifying the air, the plug hole 2011 is set on the end plate 201, and the balancing valve 1 extends into the chamber 2021 through the end plate 201 through the plug hole 2011, so as to discharge the outside air into the chamber 2021 through the balancing valve 1, or discharge the gas in the chamber 2021 into the outside air. At the same time, the exhaust hole 2022 is provided on the plug-in ring column 202 and the rear cover plate 203, and the air purified by the filter component 3 can be discharged from the chamber 2021 through the exhaust hole 2022.

[0033] In some embodiments, the number of exhaust holes 2022 provided on the plug-in ring column 202 and the rear cover plate 203 is multiple. When the air pressure balancing device is applied to the battery pack 5, the design of multiple exhaust holes 2022 ensures the rapid discharge or entry of air inside the battery pack 5, thereby maintaining smooth internal airflow, avoiding gas accumulation in a certain area, forming local high pressure or air resistance, and thus better regulating the air pressure difference inside and outside the battery pack 5, ensuring air pressure balance during battery operation or charging and discharging, and preventing safety hazards caused by excessive pressure difference. In addition, by increasing the number of exhaust holes 2022, the overpressure caused by the inability to discharge gas is effectively alleviated, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the battery pack 5 in complex environments, and reducing the potential risk of explosion or leakage.

[0034] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the air pressure balancing device is applied to the battery pack 5, an opening for the plug-in ring column 202 and the rear cover plate 203 to be plugged in can be opened on the frame of the battery pack 5 shell, and the rear cover plate 203 and part of the plug-in ring column 202 can extend into the inner cavity of the battery pack 5 through the opening. In order to make the shell 2 more firmly connected to the frame of the battery pack 5 shell, a through hole for the bolt 4 to pass through can be provided at the edge of the end plate 201, and a threaded hole corresponding to the through hole is provided on the frame of the battery pack 5 shell, that is, when the rear cover plate 203 and part of the plug-in ring column 202 extend into the inner cavity of the battery pack 5 through the opening, The end plate 201 fits the frame of the battery pack 5 shell, the through hole is coaxial with the threaded hole, and the bolt 4 passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole on the frame, so that the shell 2 can be more firmly installed on the frame of the battery pack 5 shell. In addition, in order to ensure the tightness of the connection between the end plate 201 and the frame of the battery pack 5 shell, the side wall surface of the end plate 201 close to the plug-in ring column 202 is provided with an embedding groove 2012 for installing a sealing ring, that is, the sealing ring can prevent external pollutants such as air, moisture, dust, etc. from entering the inner cavity of the battery pack 5 through the connection gap between the end plate 201 and the frame of the battery pack 5 shell.

[0035] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to enable the balancing valve 1 to be firmly installed on the housing 2, a connecting ear 101 for connecting to the end plate 201 is fixedly connected to the balancing valve 1, wherein the connecting ear 101 is provided with a channel for the bolt 4 to pass through, and the end plate 201 is provided with a threaded hole for the bolt 4 to be threadedly connected. The balancing valve 1 is connected to the end plate 201 by threaded connection.

[0036] In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the filter assembly 3 has a good adsorption and filtration effect, the filter assembly 3 needs to be replaced regularly. In order to facilitate user replacement, the rear cover 203 is detachably connected to the plug-in ring column 202, wherein the rear cover 203 can be connected to the end of the plug-in ring column 202 away from the end plate 201 by gluing, or the rear cover 203 can be connected by clamping with a claw, that is, an extension rod is connected to the rear cover 203, and a protrusion is provided at the end of the extension rod away from the rear cover 203, and a groove corresponding to the protrusion is provided on the inner side wall of the plug-in ring column 202. When the rear cover 203 is connected to the plug-in ring column 202, the protrusion is located in the groove and the protrusion is tightly against the groove.

[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the filter assembly 3 includes a first filter plate 301 and a second filter plate 302. The first filter plate 301 is attached to the plug-in ring column 202 so that the first filter plate 301 can cover the exhaust hole 2022 located on the plug-in ring column 202. The second filter plate 302 is attached to the rear cover plate 203 so that the second filter plate 302 can cover the exhaust hole 2022 located on the rear cover plate 203. The first filter plate 301 is used to absorb moisture in the air, and the second filter plate 302 is used to absorb dust in the air. Figure 4 In the flow direction of the air, as the air flows (flowing from the first filter plate 301 to the second filter plate 302), the moisture in the air is gradually adsorbed by the first filter plate 301, thereby achieving the purpose of removing moisture in the air. The dust carried by the air flowing to the second filter plate 302 can be adsorbed and removed by the second filter plate 302, avoiding that the air discharged from the chamber 2021 still carries dust. In addition, both the first filter plate 301 and the second filter plate 302 have the effect of adsorbing dust in the air. The purified air can be discharged from the chamber 2021 through the exhaust holes 2022 on the plug-in ring column 202 and the exhaust holes 2022 on the rear cover plate 203;

[0038] Since the first filter plate 301 and the second filter plate 302 are made of different materials, the air permeability of the first filter plate 301 is lower than that of the second filter plate 302. Figure 4 The air flow direction shown in the figure, through the layout of the positions of the first filter plate 301 and the second filter plate 302, can ensure that after the air enters the chamber 2021, the air first contacts the first filter plate 301 and then contacts the second filter plate 302. While purifying the air, it can also provide better air circulation, reduce the flow resistance of the air in the chamber 2021, and improve the air circulation efficiency.

[0039] In some embodiments, in order to enable the first filter plate 301 to more efficiently absorb moisture in the air, the area of the first filter plate 301 can be increased so that the first filter plate 301 can be more fully in contact with the air, that is, the first filter plate 301 is pleated to increase the moisture absorption capacity and air permeability.

[0040] In some embodiments, there should be a sufficient distance between the first filter plate 301 and the second filter plate 302 to ensure that the first filter plate 301 can absorb moisture in the air as much as possible and avoid moisture being carried in the air flowing to the second filter plate 302.

[0041] Illustratively, the first filter plate 301 may be made of water-absorbing silica gel, molecular sieve, or cotton fiber.

[0042] For example, the second filter plate 302 can be made of an electrostatic filter material, which uses the principle of electrostatic adsorption to attract dust particles in the air to the surface of the second filter plate 302. The electrostatic filter material is usually made of synthetic fibers, which have a long service life and good air filtration performance; or it can be made of an activated carbon composite material, which combines activated carbon with other materials (such as cotton cloth) to form a composite filter material that can not only absorb dust but also remove odors and harmful gases in the air.

[0043] In another embodiment of the filter assembly 3, the filter assembly 3 includes a third filter plate, which is respectively attached to the rear cover plate 203 and the plug-in ring column 202. The third filter plate includes a moisture-absorbing layer and a dust-proof layer stacked in sequence. The moisture-absorbing layer can be made of the above-mentioned water-absorbing silica gel, molecular sieve or cotton fiber, and the dust-proof layer can be a cloth with good air permeability, so that the third filter plate has the dual functions of absorbing moisture and filtering dust at the same time. The third filter plate can remove moisture and dust from the air at the same time during a one-time filtration process, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and effect of air purification.

[0044] On the basis of the above technical solution, the second aspect of the present invention further provides a battery pack 5, comprising the air pressure balancing device of the above first aspect or any embodiment of the above first aspect, wherein the air pressure balancing device can automatically adjust the air pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack 5 when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack 5 is too large, so as to balance the air pressure inside and outside. In particular, during the charging and discharging process, pressure changes caused by gas or temperature changes will occur inside the battery. Through the air pressure balancing device, the excessive internal air pressure can be released in time to prevent the battery pack 5 shell from being deformed or damaged due to air pressure imbalance. At the same time, the air pressure balancing device not only adjusts The pressure of the battery pack 5 can also effectively prevent external pollutants such as water vapor and dust from entering the battery pack 5. The first filter plate 301 and the second filter plate 302 perform adsorption filtration to ensure that the air entering the battery pack 5 is dry and clean, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of the battery pack 5. The air pressure balancing device can reduce the damage to the internal components of the battery pack 5 (such as battery cells, electronic control modules, etc.) caused by overpressure, moisture and dust, help maintain the normal function of the battery pack 5, and can also extend the overall service life of the battery pack 5, reduce failures or degradation caused by environmental factors, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the battery pack 5.

[0045] Based on the above technical solution, the third aspect of the present invention further provides a vehicle including the air pressure balancing device of the second aspect. The vehicle can be, for example, a new energy vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and has all the benefits of the battery pack 5 described above. The present invention will not be further described here.

[0046] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the scope of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air pressure balancing device, characterized in that: include: Balancing valve; The filtering mechanism includes a shell and a filtering assembly. The shell is provided with a chamber for accommodating the filtering assembly. The shell has a plug hole for connecting the balancing valve and an exhaust hole for air circulation. The plug hole, the exhaust hole and the chamber are connected.

2. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes an end plate, a plug-in ring column and a rear cover plate. The end plate and the rear cover plate are respectively located at both ends of the plug-in ring column to enclose and form the chamber. The plug-in hole is set on the end plate, and the exhaust hole is provided on the plug-in ring column and the rear cover plate.

3. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly includes a first filter plate and a second filter plate. The first filter plate is attached to the plug-in ring column, and the second filter plate is attached to the rear cover plate. The first filter plate is used to absorb moisture in the air, and the second filter plate is used to absorb dust in the air.

4. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear cover plate is detachably connected to the plug-in ring column, and the end plate is fixedly connected to the plug-in ring column.

5. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly includes a third filter plate, which includes a moisture-absorbing layer and a dust-proof layer stacked in sequence. The third filter plate is respectively attached to the rear cover plate and the plug-in ring column.

6. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An embedding groove for installing a sealing ring is provided on the side wall surface of the end plate close to the plug-in ring column.

7. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edge of the end plate is provided with a through hole for the bolts to pass through.

8. The air pressure balancing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The balancing valve is fixedly connected with a connecting ear for connecting to the end plate.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that: The invention comprises the air pressure balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The battery pack according to claim 9 is included.

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