Battery pack and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack and an energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries. The battery pack comprises a shell and a battery module, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in the first direction, a partition plate and a first enclosure part are arranged between the top surface of the battery module and the top wall of the shell, the partition plate covers the top surface of the battery module, one end of the first enclosure part abuts against the top wall of the shell, and the other end of the first enclosure part abuts against the battery module or the partition plate; the first surrounding part is arranged on the peripheral side of the top surface of the battery module in a surrounding manner; the partition plate, the top wall of the shell and the first enclosure piece form a first flue, and an anti-explosion valve is arranged on the side wall of the shell and communicates with an outlet of the first flue; the plurality of battery cells are provided with pressure release valves, the partition plate comprises a plurality of valve opening structures, and the plurality of valve opening structures are arranged opposite to the pressure release valves of the plurality of battery cells respectively. The first flue prevents the battery cell eruption object from spreading to the outer side and the bottom area of the battery module, so that thermal runaway aggravation and electric runaway risks are avoided, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of secondary batteries, in particular to a battery pack and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] A battery pack, as a battery energy storage unit, consists of one or more battery modules, each of which consists of multiple cells connected in series or parallel. When a cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas, electrolyte, solid particles, and other ejected materials can easily spread within the pack, potentially triggering a secondary combustion event. Therefore, it is essential to promptly expel these ejected materials from the battery pack.

[0003] The battery pack provided by the related technology uses the gap between the top of the battery module and the top wall of the battery pack shell as a flue, and an explosion-proof valve is set on the side wall of the battery pack shell. The flue collects the ejecta from the battery cells. When the pressure inside the flue reaches the set value, the explosion-proof valve opens, allowing the ejecta from the battery cells to be discharged to the outside of the battery pack.

[0004] However, when the battery cell ejecta are ejected from the battery cell to the flue, the battery cell ejecta are likely to splash everywhere. Once they spread to other battery cells, metal components and electrical parts inside the battery pack, thermal runaway will be aggravated. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention provides a battery pack and energy storage system that can solve the technical problems existing in the related art. Specifically, the technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, a battery pack is provided, which includes a shell and a battery module, the shell is used to accommodate the battery module, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are arranged along a first direction; a partition and a first enclosure are arranged between the top surface of the battery module and the top wall of the shell, the partition covers the top surface of the battery module, one end of the first enclosure abuts against the top wall of the shell, and the other end of the first enclosure abuts against the battery module or the partition, and the first enclosure is arranged around the top surface of the battery module; the partition, the top wall of the shell and the first enclosure form a first flue, the first flue is provided with an outlet, and an explosion-proof valve is provided on the side wall of the shell, and the explosion-proof valve is connected to the outlet of the first flue; the multiple battery cells are all provided with pressure relief valves, and the partition includes a plurality of opening valve structures, and the plurality of opening valve structures are respectively arranged opposite to the pressure relief valves of the multiple battery cells.

[0007] The battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present invention covers the top surface of the battery module with a partition, and arranges a first enclosure between the top wall of the shell and the partition, so that the partition, the first enclosure and the top wall of the shell cooperate to form a first flue. The battery module is isolated from the first flue by the partition. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell ejected material is ejected through the pressure relief valve of the battery cell and impacts the valve opening structure on the partition to open it, and then is guided into the interior of the first flue. By making the two ends of the first enclosure respectively abut against the top wall of the shell and the battery module (or partition), and being arranged around the top surface of the battery module, the first enclosure can seal the other open areas of the first flue except its outlet area, effectively preventing the battery cell ejected material entering the first flue from spreading to the outer area and bottom area of the battery module, and instead being introduced into the explosion-proof valve through the outlet of the first flue and discharged to the outside of the battery pack. It can be seen that by setting up the first flue to block the spread of battery cell ejecta to the outer area and bottom area of the battery module, the battery cell ejecta are effectively prevented from spreading to other battery cells, metal components and electrical components inside the battery pack, thereby avoiding the aggravation of thermal runaway and electrical runaway risks and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0008] In some possible implementations, a plurality of the battery modules are arranged side by side along a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the first enclosure is also arranged between any two adjacent battery modules to separate the first flue into a plurality of mutually isolated sub-flues, and the sub-flues correspond one-to-one to the battery modules.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the first enclosure member has a first elastic member and a second elastic member at both ends respectively; the first elastic member abuts against the top wall of the shell, and the second elastic member abuts against the partition or the battery module.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the first enclosure member includes a rigid baffle, and the first elastic member and the second elastic member are respectively connected to two ends of the rigid baffle.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the first enclosure includes: a first blocking segment, a second blocking segment, and a third blocking segment distributed in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the top wall of the shell, one of the first blocking segment and the third blocking segment abuts against the top wall of the shell, and the other abuts against the battery module or the partition; the cross-sectional area of the second blocking segment is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first blocking segment and the third blocking segment, wherein the cross-sectional area is the area of the cross-section parallel to the top wall of the shell.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the first enclosure member is in an I-shape.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the multiple valve opening structures include at least one of a tear line and a valve sheet; the tear line includes a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals; and the valve sheet has notches or through holes.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the partition is a ceramic composite tape, and the multiple valve opening structures are tear lines.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the first enclosure member is arranged to surround a partial circumferential area of the top surface of the battery module, and a gap between two circumferentially distributed ends of the first enclosure member serves as an outlet of the first flue.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes a second enclosure member, which is located between the first side wall of the battery module and the first side wall of the shell to form a second flue between the first side wall of the battery module and the first side wall of the shell, wherein the first side wall of the shell is provided with the explosion-proof valve, and the first side wall of the battery module faces the first side wall of the shell; the outlet of the first flue, the second flue, and the explosion-proof valve are connected in sequence, and the projection of the explosion-proof valve on the first side wall of the battery module is located in the second flue.

[0017] A second insulating spacer is provided between the first side wall of the battery module facing the explosion-proof valve and the corresponding side wall of the shell to form a second flue. The second flue is isolated from the cold plate assembly, thereby preventing the battery cell ejecta from spreading to the cold plate assembly exposed in this area.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the second enclosure is connected to the first side wall of the battery module, and the second enclosure is respectively located at both ends of the first side wall of the battery module distributed along the second direction, and at the bottom end of the first side wall of the battery module, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the first enclosure member is arranged to surround the entire circumferential area of the top surface of the battery module, and the side wall of the first enclosure member adjacent to the explosion-proof valve has an opening, which serves as an outlet of the first flue.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes a diversion duct, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the first flue, and the other end of which is connected to the explosion-proof valve.

[0021] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy storage system, which includes: a power converter and at least one battery pack as described above; the power converter is used to convert the voltage output by the battery pack into power and output it to the power grid or load, and / or, convert the voltage output by an external power supply into power and output it to the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 An exploded view of an exemplary battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a top view;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial exploded view of the battery pack shown in the side view;

[0024] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an exemplary battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of another exemplary battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of another exemplary battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 A first structural schematic diagram of an exemplary first enclosure member provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 A second structural schematic diagram of an exemplary first enclosure member provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 A first structural schematic diagram of an exemplary partition provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 A second structural schematic diagram of an exemplary partition provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of another exemplary battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Another partial structural diagram of the battery pack shown;

[0033] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of another exemplary battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 13A schematic diagram of the partial structure of another exemplary battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0035] The reference numerals represent:

[0036] 1. Housing; 11. Cover; 110. Top wall of housing; 12. Base;

[0037] 2. Explosion-proof valve;

[0038] 3. Battery module; 31. Battery cell; 310. Pressure relief valve; 32. Busbar; 33. Terminal;

[0039] 4. Partition; 40. Valve opening structure; 401. Tear line; 402. Valve plate;

[0040] 5. First enclosure;

[0041] 501, rigid baffle; 502, first elastic member; 503, second elastic member;

[0042] 51, first barrier section; 52, second barrier section; 53, third barrier section;

[0043] 6. Second enclosure;

[0044] 7. Diversion pipe;

[0045] 8. Cold plate assembly;

[0046] 9. High voltage electrical warehouse;

[0047] 001, first flue; 0011, exit; 0010, sub-flue;

[0048] 002. The second flue. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. When the product is placed in different postures, the orientation may change, and therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] Typically, a battery pack includes a metal shell, within which are located components such as a battery module, a cold plate assembly, and electrical components. The cold plate assembly is typically located at the bottom of the battery module. For example, the cold plate assembly includes a liquid cooling plate, which is typically made of metal. A busbar is located at the top of the battery module. The busbar includes at least an aluminum busbar, which is connected to the terminals of each cell in the battery module. A high-voltage electrical compartment is formed between one side of the battery module and the metal shell, and the electrical components are typically located within this compartment.

[0051] When a battery cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the ejecta from the runaway cell include high-temperature flue gas, electrolyte, and solid particles. This gas-liquid-solid mixture of ejecta not only releases heat at high temperatures, causing further thermal diffusion, but also causes an arc through insulation breakdown. The high-temperature arc temperature can reach 2000°C, which can penetrate metal structural parts (such as the above-mentioned liquid cooling plates, aluminum busbars, electrical components, etc.), causing more serious short circuits, insulation failure, and other electrical diffusion phenomena, which in turn cause the entire battery pack to explode.

[0052] In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to prevent the battery cell ejection from spreading inside the battery pack and causing secondary combustion. Therefore, it is very necessary to discharge the battery cell ejection from the battery pack in a timely manner.

[0053] In the battery packs provided by related technologies, the gap between the top of the battery module and the top wall of the battery pack casing serves as a flue, and explosion-proof valves are installed on the side walls of the battery pack casing. The flue collects the ejected material from the battery cells. When the pressure inside the flue reaches a set value, the explosion-proof valve opens, allowing the ejected material to be discharged to the outside of the battery pack. However, as the ejected material from the battery cells is ejected from the cells into the flue, it splashes everywhere in the flue. If it spreads to other battery cells, metal components, and electrical parts inside the battery pack, it will aggravate thermal runaway.

[0054] In view of the technical problems existing in the related art, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a battery pack, as shown in the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 As shown, the battery pack includes: a housing 1 and a battery module 3, wherein the housing 1 is used to accommodate the battery module 3, and the battery module 3 includes a plurality of battery cells 31, see Figure 1 , multiple battery cells 31 are arranged along the first direction. A partition 4 and a first enclosure 5 are provided between the top surface of the battery module 3 and the top wall of the shell 1, see Figure 3The partition 4 covers the top surface of the battery module 3. One end of the first enclosure 5 abuts the top wall of the housing 1, and the other end of the first enclosure 5 abuts the battery module 3 or the partition 4. The first enclosure 5 is arranged around the top surface of the battery module 3. The partition 4, the top wall of the housing 1, and the first enclosure 5 form a first flue 001. The first flue 001 has an outlet 0011. The side wall of the housing 1 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 2, which is connected to the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001. The multiple battery cells 31 are each provided with a pressure relief valve 310. The partition 4 includes multiple valve opening structures 40. The multiple valve opening structures 40 are arranged opposite the pressure relief valves 310 of the multiple battery cells 31.

[0055] It should be noted that, as Figure 3 As shown, the battery module 3 includes multiple battery cells 31, each of which is provided with a pole 33 (including a negative pole and a positive pole) and a pressure relief valve 310 at one end. For example, the pressure relief valve 310 can be located between two poles 33. The battery module 3 also includes a busbar 32, which is provided on the poles 33 of the multiple battery cells 31 to achieve electrical connection between the battery cells 31. The side of the battery module 3 facing away from the busbar 32 is generally in contact with the cold plate assembly 8, which is used to dissipate heat from the battery module 3.

[0056] For the battery pack housing 1, the top wall 110 of the housing 1 refers to the wall of the housing 1 facing the busbar 32 of the battery module 3, the bottom wall of the housing 1 refers to the wall of the housing 1 used to support the cold plate assembly 8, and the side wall of the housing 1 refers to the wall connecting the top wall 110 and the bottom wall of the housing 1. The side wall of the housing 1 is arranged around the battery module 3. In some examples, such as the attached Figure 1 As shown, the housing 1 of the battery pack includes a cover 11 and a base 12, wherein the top wall 110 of the housing 1 is provided by the cover 11, the bottom wall of the housing 1 is provided by the base 12, and the side walls of the housing 1 are provided by at least one of the cover 11 and the base 12. For example, Figure 1 The cover 11 is shown as a cover structure, the top surface of the cover 11 serves as the top wall 110 of the housing 1 , and the side walls of the cover 11 serve as the side wall portions of the housing 1 .

[0057] In combination with the embodiments of the present utility model Figures 1-13 In the orientation shown, the orientation of the top wall 110 of the shell 1 can be defined as "top" or "upper", and correspondingly, the orientation of the base 12 of the shell 1 can be defined as "bottom" or "lower".

[0058] The first enclosure 5 is made of insulating material to provide insulation and isolation. Figure 1In the horizontal direction shown, the first enclosure 5 is arranged around the top surface of the battery module 3. The first enclosure 5 can be an integrated partition or a plurality of separated split partitions, as long as it can be arranged around the top surface of the battery module 3. Figure 1 In the vertical direction shown, the top end of the first enclosure member 5 abuts against the top wall 110 of the housing 1, and the bottom end of the first enclosure member 5 abuts against the top surface of the battery module 3 or the top surface of the partition 4. In this way, the first enclosure member 5 at least partially closes the open side of the first flue 001, thereby forming an independent exhaust channel above the battery module 3. Therefore, the first flue 001 is also called an independent exhaust channel (IEC). The first flue 001 is separated from the battery module 3 by the partition 4, providing effective protection for the battery module 3.

[0059] The partition 4 is made of an insulating material to provide insulation and isolation. The partition 4 can be a single plate or a combination of multiple plates, depending on actual needs. The partition 4 covers the top surface of the battery module 3 facing the top wall 110. The arrangement of the partition 4 on the top surface of the battery module 3 can include the following embodiments:

[0060] One embodiment is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the partition 4 covers the busbar 32 of the battery module 3, so that the surface of the cell shell of the outermost battery cells 31 in the battery module 3 located outside the outermost pole 33 is not covered by the partition 4. In this case, the lower end of the first enclosure 5 can abut the top surface of the cell shell of the battery module 3 that is not covered by the partition 4. In addition, for this embodiment, the partition 4 can be in the form of a single plate. Another embodiment is that the partition 4 covers all the top surfaces of the battery module 3. In this case, the lower end of the first enclosure 5 can abut the corresponding top surface of the partition 4. In addition, for this embodiment, the partition 4 can be in the form of a single plate.

[0061] The partition 4 includes multiple valve opening structures 40, and the multiple valve opening structures 40 are respectively arranged opposite to the pressure relief valves 310 of the multiple battery cells 31, that is, the pressure relief valve 310 of each battery cell 31 corresponds to an valve opening structure 40. When a pressure relief valve 310 is opened, the valve opening structure 40 can be quickly opened under the impact of the battery cell ejecta, so that the battery cell ejecta from the battery cell 31 are introduced into the first flue 001 through the valve opening structure 40 with the path opened.

[0062] The battery pack provided by the present embodiment includes a partition 4 covering the top surface of the battery module 3 and a first enclosure 5 disposed between the top wall 110 of the housing 1 and the partition 4. Thus, the partition 4, the first enclosure 5, and the top wall 110 of the housing 1 cooperate to form a first flue 001. The battery module 3 is isolated from the first flue 001 by the partition 4. When a battery cell 31 experiences thermal runaway, the waste material from the cell is ejected through the pressure relief valve 310 of the cell 31 and impacts the valve opening structure 40 on the partition 4, causing it to open and then be directed into the first flue 001. By having both ends of the first enclosure 5 abut against the top wall 110 of the housing 1 and the battery module 3 (or partition 4), and being arranged around the top surface of the battery module 3, the first enclosure 5 can seal the open areas of the first flue 001 except for its outlet 0011, effectively preventing the battery cell ejecta entering the first flue 001 from spreading to the outer and bottom areas of the battery module 3. Instead, the ejecta are directed through the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 into the explosion-proof valve 2 and discharged to the outside of the battery pack. It can be seen that by providing the first flue 001 to block the spread of battery cell ejecta to the outer and bottom areas of the battery module 3, the ejecta are effectively prevented from spreading to other battery cells, metal components, and electrical components inside the battery pack, thereby avoiding the aggravation of thermal runaway and the risk of electrical runaway, and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0063] The first flue 001 has an outlet 0011 for communicating with the explosion-proof valve 2. The outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 can be adjacent to and in communication with the explosion-proof valve 2. For example, if the explosion-proof valve 2 is disposed on a sidewall of the battery pack housing 1, the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 can be positioned opposite the sidewall of the housing 1 where the explosion-proof valve 2 is disposed. The proximity of the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 to the explosion-proof valve 2 facilitates the rapid and direct introduction of battery cell ejection material into the explosion-proof valve 2, reducing the path for ejection material from the battery cell to be discharged within the battery pack, and further reducing the probability of the ejection material from the battery cell spreading to other battery cells, metal components, and electrical components within the battery pack.

[0064] A plurality of battery modules 3 are usually arranged inside the battery pack, as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, multiple battery modules 3 are arranged side by side along the second direction, and the first enclosure 5 can be arranged around at least a portion of the peripheral area of the entire module composed of the multiple battery modules 3. Further, as shown in the attached Figure 4 -Attached Figure 5 As shown, the first enclosure 5 is also provided between any two adjacent battery modules 3 to separate the first flue 001 into a plurality of mutually isolated sub-flues 0010 , and the sub-flues 0010 correspond one to one to the battery modules 3 .

[0065] For the first enclosure members 5 provided between any two adjacent battery modules 3, the arrangement of the first enclosure members 5 mentioned above is combined with Figure 5 It can be seen that the top ends of these first enclosure members 5 abut against the top wall of the housing 1, and the bottom ends of the first enclosure members 5 abut against the battery module 3 or the partition 4 (wherein, Figure 5 The example shows that the bottom end of the first enclosure 5 passes through the partition 4 and abuts against the top surface of the battery module 3, thereby achieving effective isolation between multiple sub-flues 0010.

[0066] By installing a first enclosure 5 between any two adjacent battery modules 3, the first flue 001 is divided into multiple sub-flue ducts 0010. Each sub-flue duct 0010 corresponds to a plurality of battery modules 3 on a one-to-one basis. The sub-flue ducts 0010 are isolated from each other and do not communicate with each other. Each sub-flue duct 0010 collects the battery cell ejecta from the corresponding battery module 3. In this way, when a battery cell 31 in a battery module 3 experiences thermal runaway, the ejecta from the cell enters the connected sub-flue duct 0010 and does not spread to other sub-flue ducts 0010, thereby preventing other battery modules 3 from being adversely affected by the ejecta.

[0067] Regarding the above-mentioned solution of setting the first enclosure member 5 between any two adjacent battery modules 3, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, multiple separators 4 can be provided, with the multiple separators 4 corresponding one-to-one to the multiple battery modules 3. Each separator 4 covers the top surface of the corresponding battery module 3. The first enclosure 5 provided between two adjacent battery modules 3 sealably penetrates the gap between the two adjacent separators 4, and the bottom end of the first enclosure 5 abuts the top surface of the battery cell casing below the separator 4. For example, a first enclosure 5 is provided between adjacent battery modules A and B, and the bottom end of the first enclosure 5 can simultaneously abut a portion of the top surface of the battery cell 31 of battery module A and a portion of the top surface of the battery cell 31 of battery module B.

[0068] The above is an exemplary description of the manner in which the first enclosure 5 forms the first flue 001 in the battery pack. In combination with any of the battery packs mentioned above, the structure of the first enclosure 5 and the assembly method thereof are exemplarily described below.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first enclosure member 5 can be a rigid structure, a flexible structure, or a combination of rigid and flexible structures. The rigidity of the first enclosure member 5 improves its strength, hardness, and service life, and further improves its high-temperature resistance. The flexibility of the first enclosure member 5 improves its cushioning properties, which is more beneficial for sealing at the connection point and assembly error tolerance. The structural form of the first enclosure member 5 can be selected according to actual needs.

[0070] The following is an exemplary description of the first enclosure member 5 as a structural member combining a rigid structure and a flexible structure. Figure 6 As shown, the first enclosure member 5 has a first elastic member 502 and a second elastic member 503 at both ends respectively; the first elastic member 502 abuts against the top wall of the shell 1, and the second elastic member 503 abuts against the partition 4 or the battery module 3.

[0071] The first enclosure member 5 utilizes the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 to abut against the top wall 110 of the housing 1 and the battery module 3. The flexibility of the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 facilitates the interference fit connection between the first enclosure member 5 and other components, thereby increasing the connection strength and the sealing performance at the connection location, significantly improving the sealing effect of the first flue 001, and ensuring that smoke does not overflow from the connection location. In addition, when the spacing between the tops of multiple battery modules 3 and the top wall 110 is inconsistent, the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503, based on their deformation characteristics, can more easily adapt to such situations while ensuring the sealing effect at each connection location, thereby improving their assembly fault tolerance.

[0072] Figure 6 The first enclosure member 5 is illustrated as comprising: a rigid baffle plate 501 , a first elastic member 502 and a second elastic member 503 respectively connected to two ends of the rigid baffle plate 501 .

[0073] The first enclosure 5 is based on the rigid baffle 501 to ensure its overall structural strength and hardness, and the rigid baffle 501 generally has stronger high-temperature resistance. In this embodiment of the utility model, by making the rigid baffle 501 the main body of the first enclosure 5, and the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 respectively serving as the abutment ends of the first enclosure 5, the first enclosure 5 has excellent strength, hardness, high-temperature resistance, assembly sealing, and high assembly error tolerance.

[0074] For example, the first enclosure member 5 includes a main body and a first end and a second end connected to the main body. The main body of the first enclosure member 5 includes the aforementioned rigid baffle 501, the first end of the first enclosure member 5 includes at least the aforementioned first elastic member 502, and the second end includes at least the aforementioned second elastic member 503. Furthermore, the first end of the first enclosure member 5 includes both the aforementioned first elastic member 502 and the end region of the rigid baffle 501, while the second end of the first enclosure member 5 includes both the aforementioned second elastic member 503 and the end region of the rigid baffle 501. The rigid baffle 501 at the ends of the first enclosure member 5 supports the elastic member, further improving the assembly of the first enclosure member 5.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present invention, along the direction perpendicular to the top wall 110 of the housing 1 (i.e. Figure 6The size of the first elastic member 502 and the size of the second elastic member 503 can be the same or different. For example, the size of one of the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 can be larger, thereby further improving the assembly error tolerance.

[0076] Figure 6 In the example, the first elastic member 502 is larger than the second elastic member 503 in a direction perpendicular to the top wall 110. Thus, when the larger first elastic member 502 abuts against the top wall 110, it is more adaptable to the unevenness of the top wall 110 of the housing 1. Of course, the solution of the first elastic member 502 being equal to the size of the second elastic member 503 and the solution of the first elastic member 502 being smaller than the size of the second elastic member 503 are not excluded.

[0077] The first enclosure 5 is entirely made of an insulating material that exhibits at least high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance (e.g., electrolyte resistance), high voltage resistance, and high strength. For example, the rigid baffle 501 of the first enclosure 5 can be made of a rigid insulating sheet material made of a non-metallic material, and can further be made of a pultruded sheet material to ensure at least high strength and hardness.

[0078] In some examples, the rigid baffle 501 of the first enclosure 5 includes: a resin matrix and reinforcing fibers distributed inside the resin matrix. The reinforcing fibers can be continuous fibers, which helps to significantly improve the strength and high temperature resistance of the rigid baffle 501 and helps to reduce the weight of the rigid baffle 501.

[0079] The materials of the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 of the first enclosure 5 can be the same or different. For example, both can be made of flexible insulating materials such as foam, which not only have good flexibility and flame retardant properties, but also have the advantage of being lightweight.

[0080] As mentioned above, one of the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 abuts against the top wall 110, and the other abuts against the partition 4 or the battery module 3. The "abutment" mentioned above can be direct contact without connection, or can be a connection relationship. Of course, in the case of a connection relationship, it is more conducive to improving the assembly effect.

[0081] At least one of the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 may have an adhesive layer. For example, both the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 may have an adhesive layer. In this way, the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 may be connected to the rigid baffle 501 via the adhesive layer. The first elastic member 502 may also be connected to the top wall 110 of the housing 1 via the adhesive layer, and the second elastic member 503 may also be connected to the partition 4 or the battery module 3 via the adhesive layer. This not only helps to improve assembly stability, but also helps to improve the sealing effect at the connection position.

[0082] The above description has been made on the rigidity and flexibility characteristics of the first enclosure member 5 . The following description will be made on the structural form of the first enclosure member 5 .

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first enclosure member 5 plays the role of a partition wall. One example is that the first enclosure member 5 can be a partition of equal thickness (the thickness involved here refers to the dimension in the direction parallel to the top wall 110 of the shell 1, that is, Figure 7 In the left and right directions shown, for example, the first enclosure member 5 is a rectangular plate of uniform thickness. In another example, the first enclosure member 5 can be a partition with variable thickness, and the thickness of the first enclosure member 5 is variable along a direction parallel to the top wall 110 of the housing 1.

[0084] Attachment Figure 7 An example of a first enclosure member 5 with variable thickness is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the first enclosure 5 includes: a first blocking segment 51, a second blocking segment 52 and a third blocking segment 53 distributed in sequence, one of the first blocking segment 51 and the third blocking segment 53 abuts against the top wall 110, and the other abuts against the partition 4 or the battery module 3; the cross-sectional area of the second blocking segment 52 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first blocking segment 51 and the third blocking segment 53, wherein the cross-sectional area is the area of the cross section parallel to the top wall 110 of the shell 1.

[0085] By designing the cross-sectional areas of the first and third barrier segments 51, 53 to be larger, the contact area between the first enclosure member 5 and the top wall 110 of the housing 1 and the battery module 3 (or partition 4) is increased, thereby improving connection stability and the sealing effect at the connection point. The second barrier segment 52 is designed to be smaller, which helps reduce the volume and weight of the first enclosure member 5, facilitating its lightweight design.

[0086] In combination with the above-mentioned structural arrangement of the first enclosure 5, an exemplary structure of the first enclosure 5 may be an I-shape, which is convenient for molding and preparation, and reduces the difficulty and cost of preparation. Of course, it is not ruled out that the first enclosure 5 may also be other structural forms, for example, a Z-shape, etc.

[0087] Figure 7In the example, the second blocking segment 52 is a rigid structure, and the first blocking segment 51 and the third blocking segment 53 each include a rigid support portion and a flexible abutment portion. The flexible abutment portion is the first elastic member 502 and the second elastic member 503 mentioned above, which are supported by the rigid support portion, thereby further stabilizing the structures of the first blocking segment 51 and the third blocking segment 53. The rigid support portions of the first blocking segment 51 and the third blocking segment 53 are also connected to the corresponding ends of the second blocking segment 52. For example, the rigid support portions of the first blocking segment 51 and the third blocking segment 53 are integrally formed and connected to the second blocking segment 52.

[0088] For the partition 4, as shown in the attached Figure 8 -Attached Figure 9 As shown, multiple valve structures 40 are provided corresponding to the multiple battery cells 31. The valve structures 40 can be quickly opened by the impact of the battery cell ejection, allowing the battery cell ejection, including smoke, to be directed from the battery cell 31 into the first flue 001. The multiple valve structures 40 include at least one of a tear line 401 and a valve plate 402. The tear line 401 includes multiple spaced through holes. The valve plate 402 has notches or through holes.

[0089] In some examples, such as the attached Figure 8 As shown, the valve opening structure 40 is a tear line 401, wherein the tear line 401 includes a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals. By providing a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals on the partition 4, on the one hand, the air pressure balance on both sides of the partition 4 is maintained, and on the other hand, the tear line 401 is facilitated to break easily and quickly.

[0090] The shape of the tear line 401 and the shape of the hole forming the tear line 401 can be any geometric shape, as long as the valve opening structure 40 forms a through hole on the partition 4 when the valve opening structure 40 is in the open state.

[0091] Exemplarily, the shape of tear line 401 can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, etc., and some holes that are convenient for forming and preparing tear line 401 include, but are not limited to, circular holes, strip-shaped holes, arc-shaped holes, etc. The multiple holes forming tear line 401 are arranged at intervals, wherein the spacing between any two holes can be the same or different. To simplify the preparation process of tear line 401, the spacing between any two holes can be the same.

[0092] In other examples, such as the Figure 9 As shown, the valve opening structure 40 is a valve plate 402, and the valve plate 402 has a notch or a through hole ( Figure 9The example shows that through holes are set on the upper row of valve plates 402 to balance the air pressure on both sides of the valve plates 402; notches are set on the lower row of valve plates 402 to facilitate the rapid rupture of the valve plates 402 under impact). The valve plates 402 are thin sheets, and the notches or through holes thereon can rupture and open under the impact of the battery cell ejecta, thereby releasing the battery cell ejecta.

[0093] The valve-opening structure 40 can be integrally formed on the partition 4. For example, multiple valve-opening structures 40 can be formed on the partition 4 through processes such as stamping and cutting. Alternatively, the valve-opening structure 40 can be connected to the partition 4 through a subsequent assembly process. For example, if the partition 4 has multiple openings, the valve-opening structure 40 can be assembled by connecting the valve-opening structure 40 to the partition 4 and covering the corresponding openings. For example, the connection method can be bonding.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, the insulating material used for the separator 4 has at least the following properties: impact resistance, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance (e.g., electrolyte resistance), and high voltage resistance. For example, the separator 4 can be made of a ceramic composite tape with excellent fire resistance. Ceramic composite tape also has the advantage of being easy to stamp and cut, making it easy to form the valve opening structure 40 thereon in one step, reducing material redundancy.

[0095] For example, the partition 4 is a ceramic composite tape, and the multiple valve opening structures 40 on the ceramic composite tape are tear lines 401. In this way, the tear lines 401 can be easily formed on the ceramic composite tape through stamping, cutting and other processes, which not only ensures excellent insulation isolation performance, but also helps to reduce the difficulty and cost of preparation.

[0096] Since the partition 4 and the first enclosure 5 have excellent high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and impact resistance, it can be seen that on the basis of setting the partition 4 and the first enclosure 5, the requirements of each component in the battery pack for electrolyte and high temperature resistance are also correspondingly reduced. For example, the electrolyte resistance and high temperature resistance requirements of each component such as battery cell insulating paint, cold plate insulating paint, electrical compartment, aluminum bar insulation are reduced, which is also conducive to reducing the cost of the battery pack.

[0097] In combination with any of the battery packs mentioned above, the manner in which the first enclosure 5 forms the first flue 001 and its outlet 0011 will be further elaborated below.

[0098] In some examples, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the first enclosure member 5 is disposed around a portion of the circumferential side area of the top surface of the battery module 3 facing the top wall 110. The gap between the circumferential ends of the first enclosure member 5 serves as the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001. Furthermore, the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 can be arranged adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 2.

[0099] Taking the square battery pack as an example, the battery module 3 is rectangular in shape, which includes a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side connected in sequence end to end, wherein the first side of the battery module 3 is adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 2, and the first enclosure 5 can be arranged around the second side, the third side and the fourth side of the top surface of the battery module 3. The first enclosure 5 is no longer arranged on the first side of the top surface of the battery module 3, or the first enclosure 5 is arranged on a partial area of the first side of the top surface of the battery module 3. In this way, the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 is formed on the first side of the top surface of the battery module 3, and it can also be achieved that the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 is adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 2, that is, the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 faces the explosion-proof valve 2.

[0100] In this way, the battery cell ejection in the first flue 001 can be quickly and directly discharged to the explosion-proof valve 2 through the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001. The battery cell ejection only passes through the first side area of the battery module 3 and is almost impossible to spread to other side areas of the battery module 3. This prevents the battery cell ejection from falling from the second, third and fourth sides of the battery module 3 into the cold plate assembly 8 and high-voltage electrical compartment 9 at the bottom of the battery pack. This is because, for a square battery pack, the high-voltage electrical compartment 9 is usually located on the third side of the battery module 3 (see Figure 4 ), the high-voltage electrical compartment 9 is separated from the explosion-proof valve 2, that is, the high-voltage electrical compartment 9 is separated from the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001.

[0101] Furthermore, as attached Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 As shown, the battery pack provided by this embodiment of the present invention further includes a second enclosure 6, which is located between the first side wall of the battery module 3 and the first side wall of the housing 1, thereby forming a second flue 002 between the first side wall of the battery module 3 and the first side wall of the housing 1. The first side wall of the housing 1 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 2, and the first side wall of the battery module 3 faces the first side wall of the housing 1. The outlet 0011 of the first flue 001, the second flue 002, and the explosion-proof valve 2 are sequentially connected, and the projection of the explosion-proof valve 2 on the first side wall of the battery module 3 is located within the second flue 002.

[0102] It should be noted that the projection of the explosion-proof valve 2 on the battery module 3 is located in the second flue 002. For example, Figure 11 The dotted line a in FIG is the projection of the explosion-proof valve 2 on the battery module 3 , thereby ensuring reliable communication between the second flue 002 and the explosion-proof valve 2 .

[0103] Continuing with the example of the square battery pack, as described above, the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 is located on the first side of the top surface of the battery module 3. When the battery cell ejecta is transferred from here to the explosion-proof valve 2, some of the battery cell ejecta may fall into the cavity between the first side of the battery module 3 and the shell 1 under the action of gravity, and then spread to the portion of the cold plate assembly 8 exposed in the cavity.

[0104] In order to avoid the above technical problems, a second enclosure 6 is provided between the first side wall of the battery module 3 facing the explosion-proof valve 2 and the corresponding side wall of the shell 1 to form a second flue 002. The second flue 002 is isolated from the cold plate assembly 8, thereby preventing the battery cell ejecta from spreading to the cold plate assembly 8 exposed in this area.

[0105] One end of the second enclosure 6 can be connected to the first side wall of the battery module 3, and the other end abuts the first side wall of the housing 1. One end of the second enclosure 6 can also be connected to the first side wall of the housing 1, and the other end abuts the first side wall of the battery module 3. One end of the second enclosure 6 can be connected to the first side wall of the battery module 3, and the other end is connected to the first side wall of the housing 1.

[0106] like Figure 11 As shown, the second enclosure 6 is connected to the first side wall of the battery module 3, which is more conducive to accurately positioning the installation position of the second enclosure 6. The second enclosure 6 is respectively located at both ends of the first side wall of the battery module 3 distributed along the second direction, and at the bottom end of the first side wall of the battery module 3. In other words, the second enclosure 6 is provided at the lower end, front end, and rear end of the first side wall of the battery module 3, thereby isolating the portion of the cold plate assembly 8 located on the first side of the battery module 3 from the outside of the second flue 002.

[0107] The ejecta from the battery cells are discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001, the second flue 002, and the explosion-proof valve 2 in sequence, ensuring that the ejecta from the battery cells are discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve 2 to avoid affecting other battery cells 31 in the battery pack, the cold plate assembly 8, and the electrical components inside the high-voltage electrical compartment 9.

[0108] The material and structural arrangement of the second enclosure member 6 can be the same as those of the first enclosure member 5. Please refer to the relevant solutions of the first enclosure member 5 mentioned above, and no further details will be given here.

[0109] In other examples, such as the Figure 12 As shown, the first enclosure 5 is arranged to surround the entire circumferential area of the top surface of the battery module 3, and the side of the first enclosure 5 adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 2 has an opening, which serves as the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001.

[0110] By setting an opening on the side of the first enclosure 5 adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 2 as the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001, the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 is arranged adjacent to the explosion-proof valve 2, which can also quickly guide the battery cell spray into the explosion-proof valve 2.

[0111] Furthermore, as attached Figure 13 As shown, the battery pack may further include a guide pipe 7 , one end of which is connected to the outlet 0011 of the first flue 001 , and the other end of which is connected to the explosion-proof valve 2 .

[0112] By further arranging a guide duct 7, the first flue 001 and the inner cavity of the guide duct 7 cooperate to form a closed flue, ensuring that all battery cell ejecta are discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve 2. At the same time, it also prevents some battery cell ejecta from falling into the cavity between the first side of the battery module 3 and the shell 1 under the action of gravity, and then spreading to the part of the cold plate assembly 8 exposed in the cavity.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of explosion-proof valves 2 can be set to one, or can be adaptively designed according to the number of battery modules 3. For example, the number of explosion-proof valves 2 can also be set to multiple. When the number of explosion-proof valves 2 is set to multiple, the diversion pipe 7 can be correspondingly designed as a multi-way pipe form.

[0114] Any of the battery packs mentioned above in the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to various scenarios such as power stations, data centers, and vehicles.

[0115] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an energy storage system, which includes: a power converter and at least one battery pack as described above; wherein the power converter is used to convert the voltage output by the battery pack into power and output it to the power grid or load, and / or, convert the voltage output by the external power supply into power and output it to the battery pack.

[0116] The energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has all the advantages of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present invention, which will not be described in detail here.

[0117] The above description is only for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises a housing (1) and a battery module (3), the housing (1) being used to accommodate the battery module (3), the battery module (3) comprising a plurality of battery cells (31), and the plurality of battery cells (31) being arranged along a first direction; A partition (4) and a first enclosure (5) are provided between the top surface of the battery module (3) and the top wall of the shell (1); the partition (4) covers the top surface of the battery module (3); one end of the first enclosure (5) abuts against the top wall of the shell (1); the other end of the first enclosure (5) abuts against the battery module (3) or the partition (4); and the first enclosure (5) is arranged around the top surface of the battery module (3); The partition (4), the top wall of the shell (1) and the first enclosure (5) form a first flue (001), the first flue (001) is provided with an outlet (0011), an explosion-proof valve (2) is provided on the side wall of the shell (1), and the explosion-proof valve (2) is communicated with the outlet (0011) of the first flue (001); The plurality of battery cells (31) are each provided with a pressure relief valve (310), and the partition (4) includes a plurality of valve opening structures (40), and the plurality of valve opening structures (40) are respectively arranged opposite to the pressure relief valves (310) of the plurality of battery cells (31).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of battery modules (3) are arranged side by side along a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The first enclosure (5) is further provided between any two adjacent battery modules (3) to separate the first flue (001) into a plurality of mutually isolated sub-flue ducts (0010), wherein the sub-flue ducts (0010) correspond one to one to the battery modules (3).

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The first enclosure member (5) has a first elastic member (502) and a second elastic member (503) at both ends respectively; The first elastic member (502) abuts against the top wall of the housing (1), and the second elastic member (503) abuts against the partition (4) or the battery module (3).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: The first enclosure member (5) comprises a rigid baffle (501), and the first elastic member (502) and the second elastic member (503) are respectively connected to two ends of the rigid baffle (501).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The first enclosure member (5) comprises: a first barrier segment (51), a second barrier segment (52), and a third barrier segment (53) sequentially distributed in a direction perpendicular to the top wall of the shell (1); one of the first barrier segment (51) and the third barrier segment (53) abuts against the top wall of the shell (1), and the other abuts against the battery module (3) or the partition (4); The cross-sectional area of the second barrier segment (52) is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the first barrier segment (51) and the third barrier segment (53), wherein the cross-sectional area is the area of the cross section parallel to the top wall of the shell (1).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first enclosure member (5) is in an I-shape.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of valve opening structures (40) include at least one of a tear line (401) and a valve plate (402); The tear line (401) comprises a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals; The valve plate (402) has notches or through holes.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The partition (4) is a ceramic composite tape, and the multiple valve opening structures (40) are tear lines (401).

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first enclosure member (5) is arranged to surround a partial circumferential area of the top surface of the battery module (3), and the gap between the two ends of the first enclosure member (5) distributed along the circumferential direction serves as the outlet (0011) of the first flue (001).

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises a second enclosure member (6), the second enclosure member (6) being located between the first side wall of the battery module (3) and the first side wall of the shell (1) to form a second flue (002) between the first side wall of the battery module (3) and the first side wall of the shell (1), wherein the first side wall of the shell (1) is provided with the explosion-proof valve (2), and the first side wall of the battery module (3) faces the first side wall of the shell (1); The outlet (0011) of the first flue (001), the second flue (002), and the explosion-proof valve (2) are connected in sequence, and the projection of the explosion-proof valve (2) on the first side wall of the battery module (3) is located in the second flue (002).

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second enclosure member (6) is connected to the first side wall of the battery module (3), and the second enclosure member (6) is respectively located at both ends of the first side wall of the battery module (3) distributed along a second direction, and at the bottom end of the first side wall of the battery module (3), wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

12. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first enclosure member (5) is arranged to surround the entire circumferential side area of the top surface of the battery module (3), and the side wall of the first enclosure member (5) adjacent to the explosion-proof valve (2) has an opening, and the opening serves as the outlet (0011) of the first flue (001).

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, wherein: The battery pack further comprises a guide pipe (7), one end of the guide pipe (7) being connected to the outlet (0011) of the first flue (001), and the other end of the guide pipe (7) being connected to the explosion-proof valve (2).

14. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system comprises: a power converter and at least one battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 13; The power converter is used to convert the voltage output by the battery pack into power and output it to the grid or load, and / or to convert the voltage output by an external power source into power and output it to the battery pack.

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