Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack and an electric device. The battery pack comprises a lower shell, an upper cover plate and an exhaust channel, a battery cavity for accommodating the battery module is defined between the lower shell and the upper cover plate, at least one row of first anti-explosion valves are arranged at the top end of the battery module, and at least one row of second anti-explosion valves are arranged at the bottom end of the battery module; an exhaust part is arranged on the edge beam of the lower shell, the exhaust channel comprises a first channel formed between the top end of the battery module and the upper cover plate and a second channel formed at the bottom of the lower shell, the first anti-explosion valve is communicated with the exhaust part through the first channel, and the second anti-explosion valve is communicated with the exhaust part through the second channel. According to the battery pack disclosed by the utility model, a double-layer exhaust structure can be formed above and below the battery module, so that the pressure relief speed of the battery pack can be increased, a quick exhaust function is realized, and the safety performance of the battery pack can also be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a battery pack. The present invention also relates to an electrical device equipped with the battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the new energy vehicle industry, electric vehicles are gaining more and more market share. The safety design of battery packs has become a hot topic of research.

[0003] Existing battery packs mostly use top or side exhaust in terms of structure. That is, traditional battery cell explosion-proof valves are usually set on the top or side of the battery cell module, and there is no separate exhaust channel on the top or side of the battery pack for gas circulation. The large area of gas in the battery pack not only affects the electrical components, but the gas discharged from the battery cell explosion-proof valve is also discharged to the outside of the battery pack at a slow speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a battery pack that can form an upper and lower double-layer exhaust structure, thereby facilitating the improvement of the pressure relief speed of the battery pack and achieving rapid exhaust.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0006] A battery pack comprises a lower shell, an upper cover plate and an exhaust channel;

[0007] A battery cavity for accommodating the battery module is formed between the lower shell and the upper cover plate, the top of the battery module is provided with at least one row of first explosion-proof valves, and the bottom of the battery module is provided with at least one row of second explosion-proof valves;

[0008] An exhaust portion is provided on the side beam of the lower shell, and the exhaust channel includes a first channel formed between the top of the battery module and the upper cover plate, and a second channel formed at the bottom of the lower shell. The first channel connects the first explosion-proof valve and the exhaust portion, and the second channel connects the second explosion-proof valve and the exhaust portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery module includes a battery pack, which includes a plurality of single cells stacked together, and the first explosion-proof valve and the second explosion-proof valve are respectively provided on the top and bottom of each single cell, and each single cell is provided with a sink groove, and the first explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the sink groove; the upper cover plate is provided with a support member pressed onto the battery module, and the support member is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected to the multiple sink grooves, and the first channel is formed between the upper cover plate and the battery module at the position of the through hole and the multiple sink grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, a side of the upper cover plate facing the battery module is provided with a reinforcing rib, and the support member is provided on the reinforcing rib.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery packs are arranged in a plurality and are arranged side by side; and the support members are provided in a plurality and are arranged corresponding to each of the battery packs.

[0012] Furthermore, the support member is made of foam.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower shell is provided with a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam arranged opposite to each other; the first crossbeam separates the cavity in the lower shell into the battery cavity and the electrical cavity; the second crossbeam is located at the end of the battery cavity away from the electrical cavity, and a connecting cavity is formed in the second crossbeam, and the connecting cavity is connected with the first channel, the second channel and the exhaust part.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower shell includes a bottom plate and a plurality of side beams arranged circumferentially on the bottom plate; the bottom plate includes a plurality of support plates, and a protrusion is provided on one side of each support plate; the second channel includes a cavity formed in at least one of the protrusions, each of the cavities corresponds one-to-one to each row of the second explosion-proof valves, and each of the cavities connects the second explosion-proof valve with the connecting cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, a heat insulating member is provided in the cavity or a fireproof coating is provided on the inner wall of the cavity; and / or a bottom protective plate is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate.

[0016] Furthermore, an exhaust cavity is provided in the side beam close to the second cross beam; the exhaust portion includes a shell explosion-proof valve provided on the side beam, and the shell explosion-proof valve is communicated with the exhaust cavity.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] The battery pack described in the present invention has a first explosion-proof valve and a second explosion-proof valve arranged at the top and bottom ends of the battery module, and a first channel and a second channel arranged above and below the battery module, and the first explosion-proof valve and the exhaust portion are connected through the first channel, and the second explosion-proof valve and the exhaust portion are connected through the second channel. In this way, a double-layer exhaust structure is formed above and below the battery module, thereby increasing the pressure relief speed of the battery pack, realizing the function of rapid exhaust, and also improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0019] Furthermore, a first explosion-proof valve and a second explosion-proof valve are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the individual cells, so that the first explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the upper sink of the individual cells. Utilizing the structure of the support member provided on the upper cover plate, a larger space is created above the first explosion-proof valve, facilitating the formation of the first channel. The structure is simple and easy to design and implement. The provision of reinforcing ribs can help improve the connection between the support member and the upper cover plate.

[0020] Secondly, multiple battery packs are arranged side by side, and multiple support members are provided for each battery pack. This facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the support members and helps save material for the support members. The support members are made of foam, which not only provides good support between the top of the battery module and the upper cover, but also provides a certain sealing effect on the first channel, allowing the high-temperature gas released by the first explosion-proof valve to be smoothly discharged along the first channel to the exhaust port.

[0021] Furthermore, the first cross beam and the second cross beam arranged on the lower shell separate the battery cavity and the electrical cavity in the lower shell, and the connecting cavity arranged in the second cross beam is used to connect the first channel and the second channel with the exhaust part respectively, so that the released high-temperature gas can be discharged in a direction away from the electrical cavity, thereby realizing thermal and electrical separation in the battery pack and improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0022] Furthermore, the second channel utilizes a cavity within the baseplate, connecting the second explosion-proof valve to the connecting cavity. This allows the high-temperature gas released by the second explosion-proof valve to be discharged outside the battery pack through the cavity, the connecting cavity, and the exhaust port. Insulation or a fire-retardant coating within the cavity can mitigate the spread of thermal runaway. A bottom guard plate, installed at the bottom of the baseplate, enhances the structural strength of the lower housing.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrical device, in which the battery pack as described above is provided.

[0024] The electrical device of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned battery pack, and can use the upper and lower double-layer exhaust structure to quickly exhaust when the battery pack suffers from thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack and thus also helping to improve the safety of the electrical device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle AA section view;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention without the upper cover plate assembled;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lower housing according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second crossbeam according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a first perspective;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the second crossbeam according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a second perspective;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a first perspective;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a second perspective;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the upper cover and the support member in the coordinated state according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the upper cover according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the support member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a first perspective;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a second perspective;

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Lower housing; 2. Upper cover; 3. Battery module;

[0042] 11. Bottom plate; 12. Bottom guard plate; 13. Side beam; 130. Shell explosion-proof valve; 101. First crossbeam; 102. Second crossbeam; 21. Support member; 210. Through hole; 201. Reinforcement rib; 31. Battery pack; 100. Single cell; 10001. Sink; 1001. First explosion-proof valve; 1002. Second explosion-proof valve; 1020. Connecting cavity; 1021. First connecting port; 1022. Second connecting port; 1023. Third connecting port;

[0043] 10. First channel; 20. Second channel; 111. Connecting hole; 200. Battery cavity; 300. Electrical cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" appear to indicate orientation or positional relationships, these are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, if terms such as "first" and "second" appear, they are used solely for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connection," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This embodiment relates to a battery pack, which forms a double-layer exhaust structure above and below the battery module 3 by optimizing the structure, thereby facilitating the improvement of the pressure relief speed of the battery pack and achieving rapid exhaust.

[0050] In terms of overall composition, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the battery pack of this embodiment includes a lower shell 1, an upper cover plate 2, and an exhaust channel. A battery cavity 200 for accommodating the battery module 3 is formed between the lower shell 1 and the upper cover plate 2. At least one row of first explosion-proof valves 1001 is provided at the top of the battery module 3, and at least one row of second explosion-proof valves 1002 is provided at the bottom of the battery module 3. Furthermore, an exhaust portion is provided on the side beam 13 of the lower shell 1. The exhaust channel includes a first channel 10 formed between the top of the battery module 3 and the upper cover plate 2, and a second channel 20 formed at the bottom of the lower shell 1. The first channel 10 connects the first explosion-proof valve 1001 to the exhaust portion, and the second channel 20 connects the second explosion-proof valve 1002 to the exhaust portion.

[0051] At this time, as in the above structure, the first explosion-proof valve 1001 and the second explosion-proof valve 1002 are arranged at the top and bottom ends of the battery module 3, and the first channel 10 and the second channel 20 are arranged above and below the battery module 3, and the first explosion-proof valve 1001 and the exhaust part are connected through the first channel 10, and the second explosion-proof valve 1002 and the exhaust part are connected through the second channel 20, so that a double-layer exhaust structure is formed above and below the battery module 3. When thermal runaway occurs, the double-layer exhaust structure and the exhaust part can be used to discharge to the outside of the battery pack, thereby increasing the pressure relief speed of the battery pack, realizing the function of rapid exhaust, and also improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0052] For details, see Figures 1 to 3 , and combined with Figure 4 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the battery module 3 includes a battery pack 31, which includes multiple stacked single cells 100. Each single cell 100 is respectively provided with a first explosion-proof valve 1001 and a second explosion-proof valve 1002 at the top and bottom. Each single cell 100 is also provided with a sink 10001, with the first explosion-proof valve 1001 located at the bottom of the sink 10001. In this case, after the multiple single cells are stacked, a row of first explosion-proof valves 1001 and a row of second explosion-proof valves 1002 are formed at the top and bottom of the battery pack 31, respectively.

[0053] Furthermore, the upper cover plate 2 is provided with a support member 21, which is press-fitted onto the battery module 3. The support member 21 is provided with a through-hole 210, which communicates with the plurality of recessed grooves 10001. A first channel 10 is formed between the upper cover plate 2 and the battery module 3, located between the through-hole 210 and the plurality of recessed grooves 10001. In this case, the support member 21 is sandwiched between the upper cover plate 2 and the top of the battery module 3. The structure of the support member 21, combined with the recessed grooves 10001, creates a larger space above the first explosion-proof valve 1001, thereby forming the first channel 10. This structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and facilitates the formation of the first channel 10.

[0054] In a specific implementation, the support member 21 is preferably made of foam, which is preferably fixed to the upper cover plate 2 by bonding. In this case, the support member 21 is made of foam, which not only provides good support between the top of the battery module 3 and the upper cover plate 2, but also provides a certain sealing effect on the first channel 10, so that the high-temperature gas released by the first explosion-proof valve 1001 can be smoothly discharged along the first channel 10 to the exhaust port.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, multiple battery packs 31 are arranged side by side. Multiple rows of first explosion-proof valves 1001 and multiple rows of second explosion-proof valves 1002 are provided at the top and bottom of the battery module 3, respectively. The aforementioned support members 21 are preferably provided in multiples, one for each battery pack 31, that is, multiple for each row of first explosion-proof valves 1001. In this case, multiple support members 21 are provided, each bonded to the inner surface of the upper housing. This not only facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the support members 21, but also helps save material.

[0056] Also as a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, Figures 10 to 12 As shown, a reinforcing rib 201 is provided on the side of the upper cover plate 2 facing the battery module 3, and the support member 21 is provided on the reinforcing rib 201. The provision of the reinforcing rib 201 can help improve the connection effect between the support member 21 and the upper cover plate 2. In a specific implementation, the reinforcing rib 201 is annular and follows the through hole 210 on the support member 21, and the number of the reinforcing ribs 201 is provided corresponding to the number of the support members 21. When the support member 21 is fixed to the upper cover plate 2, the side wall of the through hole 210 and one side of the support member 21 are bonded and connected to the upper cover plate 2, thereby increasing the contact area between the support member 21 and the upper cover plate 2, which is beneficial to improving the connection effect between the support member 21 and the upper cover plate 2. At the same time, the provision of the reinforcing rib 201 is also beneficial to improving the structural strength of the upper cover plate 2.

[0057] In this embodiment, see Figures 4 to 7As shown, as a preferred embodiment, a first crossbeam 101 and a second crossbeam 102 are arranged opposite each other on the lower housing 1. The first crossbeam 101 separates the cavity within the lower housing 1 into a battery cavity 200 and an electrical cavity 300. The battery cavity 200 is used to accommodate the battery module 3, and the electrical cavity 300 is used to accommodate electrical components such as copper busbars, wiring harnesses, and a BMS. In addition, the second crossbeam 102 is located at the end of the battery cavity 200 away from the electrical cavity 300, and a connecting cavity 1020 is formed in the second crossbeam 102. The connecting cavity 1020 is connected to the first channel 10, the second channel 20, and the exhaust portion.

[0058] At this time, the setting of the first crossbeam 101 separates the battery chamber 200 and the electrical chamber 300 in the lower shell 1, and utilizes the connecting chamber 1020 set in the second crossbeam 102 to connect the first channel 10 and the second channel 20 to the exhaust part respectively, thereby allowing the released high-temperature gas to be discharged in a direction away from the electrical chamber 300, thereby realizing thermal and electrical separation in the battery pack and improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0059] In a specific implementation, the second crossbeam 102 can be formed by bending a plate into a structure with a connecting cavity 1020 inside, or by splicing a plurality of plates to form a structure with a connecting cavity 1020 inside. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second crossbeam 102 is provided with a first communication port 1021, a second communication port 1022, and a third communication port 1023 that communicate with the communication cavity 1020. The first communication port 1021 connects the communication cavity 1020 with the first channel 10, the second communication port 1022 connects the communication cavity 1020 with the second channel 20, and the third communication port 1023 connects the communication cavity 1020 with the exhaust portion.

[0060] In this embodiment, a vent cavity is preferably provided within the side beam 13 near the second crossbeam 102. This vent cavity specifically includes a housing explosion-proof valve 130 disposed on the side beam 13, which communicates with the vent cavity. A third communication port 1023 connects the communication cavity 1020 and the vent cavity, effectively connecting the communication cavity 1020 to the housing explosion-proof valve 130 via the vent cavity. The high-temperature gas released by the second explosion-proof valve 1002 can be discharged outside the battery pack along the second channel 20, the communication cavity 1020, the vent cavity, and the housing explosion-proof valve 130.

[0061] In this embodiment, the lower housing 1 includes a base plate 11 and multiple side beams 13 arranged circumferentially around the base plate 11. The multiple side beams 13, the base plate 11, and the upper cover plate 2 enclose a battery chamber 200 and an electrical chamber 300. Specifically, the base plate 11 includes multiple support plates for supporting multiple battery packs 31, each of which has a raised portion on one side. The aforementioned second channel 20 includes a cavity formed within at least one of the raised portions, each cavity corresponding one-to-one to a respective row of second explosion-proof valves 1002, and each cavity is connected to the connecting cavity 1020. In this case, using the cavity within the base plate 11 as the second channel 20 provides a simple structure and facilitates design and implementation.

[0062] Specifically, the base plate 11 includes multiple support plates for supporting multiple battery packs 31. Each support plate has a raised portion on the side away from the battery pack 31, and each raised portion has a cavity within it. Furthermore, the support plates are provided with multiple communication holes 111 that communicate with the cavities. These communication holes 111 correspond one-to-one with the multiple second explosion-proof valves 1002 in a row, thereby connecting the cavities with the second explosion-proof valves 1002. This also connects the second channel 20 with the row of second explosion-proof valves 1002, allowing the high-temperature gas released from the second explosion-proof valves 1002 to be discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the communication holes 111, the cavity, the communication cavity 1020, the exhaust cavity, and the shell explosion-proof valve 130.

[0063] Moreover, in this embodiment, as a preference, a heat insulating member is provided in the cavity or a fire retardant coating is provided on the inner wall of the cavity. The heat insulating member is, for example, a mica board. The provision of the heat insulating member or the fire retardant coating can effectively slow down the spread of thermal runaway. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a bottom guard plate 12 is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 11, specifically, a bottom guard plate 12 is provided at the bottom of the support plate, and foam is also provided between adjacent raised portions. The provision of the foam can provide a certain degree of support and can also slow down the spread of thermal runaway. Furthermore, the provision of the bottom guard plate 12 also helps to improve the structural strength of the bottom of the lower shell 1.

[0064] The battery pack of this embodiment, through the double-layer exhaust structure provided above and below the battery module 3, can facilitate the rapid discharge of high-temperature gas during thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack and having a good use effect.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment relates to an electrical device, in which the battery pack described in the first embodiment is provided.

[0067] The electrical device of this embodiment adopts the battery pack of embodiment 1, and can use the upper and lower double-layer exhaust structure to quickly exhaust when the battery pack suffers from thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack and thus also helping to improve the safety of the electrical device.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: It includes a lower shell, an upper cover plate and an exhaust channel; A battery cavity for accommodating the battery module is formed between the lower shell and the upper cover plate, the top of the battery module is provided with at least one row of first explosion-proof valves, and the bottom of the battery module is provided with at least one row of second explosion-proof valves; An exhaust portion is provided on the side beam of the lower shell, and the exhaust channel includes a first channel formed between the top of the battery module and the upper cover plate, and a second channel formed at the bottom of the lower shell. The first channel connects the first explosion-proof valve and the exhaust portion, and the second channel connects the second explosion-proof valve and the exhaust portion.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The battery module includes a battery pack, which includes a plurality of stacked single cells. The top and bottom of each single cell are respectively provided with the first explosion-proof valve and the second explosion-proof valve. Each single cell is provided with a sink, and the first explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the sink. The upper cover plate is provided with a support member pressed onto the battery module, and the support member is provided with a through hole, which is connected to the multiple sinks, and the first channel is formed between the upper cover plate and the battery module at the position of the through hole and the multiple sinks.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: A reinforcing rib is provided on a side of the upper cover plate facing the battery module, and the supporting member is provided on the reinforcing rib.

4. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: The battery packs are multiple and arranged side by side; The supporting members are multiple and are arranged corresponding to the battery packs.

5. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: The supporting member is made of foam.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The lower shell is provided with a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam which are arranged opposite to each other; The first crossbeam separates the cavity in the lower shell into the battery cavity and the electrical cavity; The second cross beam is located at one end of the battery cavity away from the electrical cavity, and a communication cavity is formed in the second cross beam. The communication cavity is communicated with the first channel, the second channel and the exhaust portion.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: The lower shell includes a bottom plate and a plurality of side beams arranged in the circumferential direction of the bottom plate; The bottom plate includes a plurality of support plates, and a protrusion is provided on one side of each support plate; The second channel includes a cavity formed in at least one of the protruding portions, each of the cavities corresponds to each row of the second explosion-proof valves, and each of the cavities connects the second explosion-proof valves with the communicating cavity.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein: A heat-insulating element is provided in the cavity or a fire-resistant coating is provided on the inner wall of the cavity; and / or, A bottom guard plate is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate.

9. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: An exhaust cavity is provided in the side beam close to the second cross beam; The exhaust portion includes a shell explosion-proof valve provided on the side beam, and the shell explosion-proof valve is communicated with the exhaust chamber.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: The electrical device is provided with the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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