Bus bar, battery string assembly, photovoltaic assembly and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bus bar, a battery string assembly, a photovoltaic assembly and a photovoltaic power generation system, the bus bar comprises a base material and a plurality of projection structures, the plurality of projection structures are arranged on the base material, the plurality of projection structures are arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Therefore, the bus bar is suitable for the photovoltaic module, the illumination area of the bus bar can be increased and the light reflection efficiency of the bus bar can be improved due to the arrangement of the plurality of convex structures, and when light enters at different angles, the convex structures can reflect more light to a battery piece through multiple times of reflection, so that the reflection range of the light is increased, the light is fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the light is improved. And the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic components, in particular to a bus bar, a battery string component, a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] In existing technology, when conventional rectangular busbars receive sunlight from their surfaces, most of the light is directly reflected vertically back, preventing the full utilization of the light striking the photovoltaic module. Existing reflective busbars have only a single reflective surface, meaning they reflect sunlight at a single angle. This results in a relatively small area reflected onto the solar cells, limiting the secondary utilization of sunlight and resulting in poor energy conversion efficiency for the photovoltaic module. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one purpose of the present invention is to provide a busbar that can increase the light reflection efficiency of the busbar and improve the energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0004] The second object of the present invention is to provide a battery string assembly, comprising the bus bar described in the above embodiment.

[0005] The third object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic assembly, comprising the bus bar or battery string assembly described in the above embodiments.

[0006] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation system, comprising the bus bar, battery string assembly or photovoltaic assembly described in the above embodiments.

[0007] The busbar according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: a substrate and a plurality of protrusion structures, wherein the plurality of protrusion structures are provided on the substrate and are arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] According to the busbar of the embodiment of the present invention, the busbar is suitable for use in photovoltaic modules. The arrangement of multiple raised structures can increase the illumination area of the busbar and improve the light reflection efficiency of the busbar. When light is incident at different angles, the raised structures can reflect more light onto the battery cell through multiple reflections, thereby increasing the reflection range of light, making full use of the light, and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the protruding structure is formed with a plurality of reflecting surfaces, the plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged along the circumference of the protruding structure, and the plurality of reflecting surfaces are connected to each other along the circumference of the protruding structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the multiple reflecting surfaces include: two first reflecting surfaces and two second reflecting surfaces, the two first reflecting surfaces are opposite to each other along the first direction; the two second reflecting surfaces are opposite to each other along the second direction, and the first reflecting surfaces and the second reflecting surfaces extend obliquely toward each other along the thickness direction of the substrate and away from one end of the substrate.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least one of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is a curved surface; and / or at least one of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is a flat surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, the protruding structure is formed with multiple reflective surfaces, including: a third reflective surface and multiple fourth reflective surfaces, the fourth reflective surfaces are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the third reflective surface, and the multiple fourth reflective surfaces are connected to the third reflective surface.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ends of the plurality of fourth reflective surfaces away from the third reflective surface extend obliquely toward the central area of the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate; or, the widths of the plurality of fourth reflective surfaces tend to decrease in the direction away from the third reflective surface.

[0014] In some embodiments, the third reflective surface and the fourth reflective surface are curved surfaces, and the third reflective surface and the fourth reflective surface are convex in a direction away from the substrate along a thickness direction of the substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the protruding structure further includes: a connecting surface, the connecting surface is provided between the plurality of reflecting surfaces, and the connecting surface smoothly transitions with the reflecting surface; or, the connecting surface is a curved surface.

[0016] In some embodiments, the side of the busbar where the protrusion structure is provided includes at least: a first refractive layer and a second refractive layer, the second refractive layer is provided between the first refractive layer and the substrate, the shapes of the first refractive layer and the second refractive layer are adapted to each other, and the refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, a thickness of the second refractive layer is greater than a thickness of the first refractive layer.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first refractive layer is a titanium dioxide layer or a lithium niobate layer; and the second refractive layer is a silicon oxide layer or a magnesium fluoride layer.

[0019] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of the first refractive layers and a plurality of the second refractive layers, and the plurality of the first refractive layers and the plurality of the second refractive layers are alternately arranged along the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0020] A battery string assembly according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes a bus bar according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0021] The photovoltaic assembly according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes the bus bar according to the first embodiment of the present invention, or the battery string assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The photovoltaic power generation system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it includes the bus bar according to the first embodiment of the present invention, or the battery string assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention, or the photovoltaic assembly according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 1 is a front view schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic top view of another embodiment of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 is a front view schematic diagram of another embodiment of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle P region;

[0032] Figure 8 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bus bar according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100, bus bar;

[0035] 10. substrate; 11. first refractive layer; 12. second refractive layer;

[0036] 20. Raised structure; 21. Reflecting surface; 22. First reflecting surface; 23. Second reflecting surface; 24. Third reflecting surface; 25. Fourth reflecting surface; 26. Connecting surface; 261. First connecting surface; 262. Second connecting surface;

[0037] A. First direction; B. Second direction; C. Third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Figures 1-8 A bus bar 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, including a substrate 10 and a plurality of protrusion structures 20 . The bus bar 100 has a first direction A, a second direction B, and a third direction C.

[0039] Specifically, if Figures 1-8 As shown, a plurality of protrusion structures 20 are provided on the substrate 10 , and the plurality of protrusion structures 20 are arranged at intervals along a first direction A and a second direction B, and the first direction A and the second direction B are perpendicular to each other.

[0040] Combine Figure 1 The plurality of protrusion structures 20 are provided on one side of the substrate 10 along the third direction C. The plurality of protrusion structures 20 are formed by at least a portion of a surface of the substrate 10 along the third direction C protruding in a direction away from the substrate 10 along the third direction C. The plurality of protrusion structures 20 are arranged on the substrate 10 along the first direction A and the second direction B.

[0041] According to the busbar 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the busbar 100 is suitable for use in photovoltaic modules. The provision of multiple protruding structures 20 can increase the illumination area of the busbar 100 and improve the light reflection efficiency of the busbar 100. When light is incident at different angles, the protruding structures 20 can reflect more light onto the battery cell through multiple reflections, thereby increasing the reflection range of light, making full use of the light, and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the protruding structure 20 is formed with a plurality of reflecting surfaces 21 , which are arranged along the circumference of the protruding structure 20 and are connected to each other along the circumference of the protruding structure 20 .

[0043] A plurality of reflective surfaces 21 are disposed around the circumference of the protruding structure 20 and are connected to each other, and the plurality of reflective surfaces 21 extend in different directions. The number of the reflective surfaces 21 can be three or more.

[0044] Therefore, the setting of multiple reflective surfaces 21 enables the raised structure 20 to reflect light from different angles, increasing the number of light reflections. When light enters the photovoltaic module, the light will encounter these reflective surfaces 21 and be reflected multiple times, so that more light can be absorbed by the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the multiple reflecting surfaces 21 include: two first reflecting surfaces 22 and two second reflecting surfaces 23, the two first reflecting surfaces 22 are opposite to each other along the first direction A; the two second reflecting surfaces 23 are opposite to each other along the second direction B, and the first reflecting surfaces 22 and the second reflecting surfaces 23 extend obliquely toward each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 10 and away from one end of the substrate 10.

[0046] The thickness direction of the substrate 10 is aligned with the third direction C of the busbar 100. Two first reflective surfaces 22 are located on either side of the raised structure 20 along the first direction A, and two second reflective surfaces 23 are located on either side of the raised structure 20 along the second direction B. The two side edges of the first reflective surface 22 along the second direction B are connected to the side edges of the two second reflective surfaces 23 located on the same side along the first direction A, and the two side edges of the second reflective surface 23 along the first direction A are connected to the side edges of the first reflective surface 22 located on the same side along the second direction B. The two first reflective surfaces and the two second reflective surfaces 23 are spaced apart and connected to each other along the circumference of the raised structure 20. The first reflective surfaces 22 and the second reflective surfaces 23 extend along the thickness direction of the substrate 10, obliquely away from the substrate 10, and converge at a single point, forming the raised structure 20 into a quadrangular pyramidal structure. In some embodiments, the raised structure 20 may alternatively be a triangular pyramidal or multi-sided pyramidal structure.

[0047] Therefore, the inclined setting of the first reflective surface 22 and the second reflective surface 23 allows the raised structure 20 to reflect light in different directions, effectively capturing light even when the direct angle of sunlight changes, reducing light loss and improving the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0048] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, at least one of the first reflecting surface 22 and the second reflecting surface 23 is a curved surface, that is, in some embodiments, the first reflecting surface 22 is a curved surface, or only the second reflecting surface 23 is a curved surface, or both are curved surfaces. Alternatively, at least one of the first reflecting surface 22 and the second reflecting surface 23 is a flat surface, that is, only the first reflecting surface 22 is a flat surface, or only the second reflecting surface 23 is a flat surface, or both are flat surfaces.

[0049] The curved surface design can better capture light from different angles because it focuses light into a more concentrated area, thereby improving light utilization. Furthermore, the curved surface can help reduce light scattering, allowing light to be reflected more concentratedly onto the photovoltaic cell. The flat reflective surface 21 offers a simpler geometry, is easier to manufacture, and ensures that light is reflected at a fixed angle.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, the protruding structure 20 is formed with multiple reflecting surfaces 21 , which include: a third reflecting surface 24 and multiple fourth reflecting surfaces 25 . The fourth reflecting surfaces 25 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the third reflecting surface 24 , and the multiple fourth reflecting surfaces 25 are connected to the third reflecting surface 24 .

[0051] In some embodiments, the third reflective surface 24 is located at the top of the protruding structure 20 along the third direction C of the bus bar 100, and multiple fourth reflective surfaces 25 are distributed around the third reflective surface 24 at circumferential intervals. The fourth reflective surface 25 is connected to the outer peripheral side of the third reflective surface 24 along one side of the third direction C of the bus bar 100, and the fourth reflective surface 25 extends toward the center of the substrate 10 along the other side of the third direction C of the bus bar 100.

[0052] Thus, the fourth reflective surface 25 is connected to the third reflective surface 24 to form a complete reflective structure. The design of multiple fourth reflective surfaces 25 enables light to be captured from more angles and improves the light absorption rate through multiple reflections, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, one end of the plurality of fourth reflective surfaces 25 away from the third reflective surface 24 extends obliquely toward the central area of the substrate 10 along the thickness direction of the substrate 10; or, the width of the plurality of fourth reflective surfaces 25 tends to decrease along the direction away from the third reflective surface 24.

[0054] The plurality of fourth reflective surfaces 25 extend obliquely along the third direction C of the busbar 100, away from one end of the third reflective surface 24. The width of the fourth reflective surface 25 gradually narrows as it moves away from the third reflective surface 24. Thus, the inclined design of the fourth reflective surface 25 can better capture light incident at different angles, increasing the dwell time of light on the photovoltaic cell through multiple reflections, thereby improving light absorption efficiency.

[0055] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, the third reflecting surface 24 and the fourth reflecting surface 25 are curved surfaces, and the third reflecting surface 24 and the fourth reflecting surface 25 are convex in a direction away from the substrate 10 along the thickness direction of the substrate 10 .

[0056] The third reflecting surface 24 and the fourth reflecting surface 25 are curved surfaces, and the protruding structure 20 is formed as a convex hull structure with an arc surface.

[0057] The curved third and fourth reflective surfaces 24 and 25 can better capture light from different directions and, through the geometric properties of the curved surfaces, focus the light onto the photovoltaic cells, thereby improving light absorption efficiency. The curved surface design helps reduce light scattering, allowing more light to be effectively utilized and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. The raised design increases the chances of light coming into contact with the reflective surface 21, allowing light to be reflected multiple times after entering the photovoltaic module, thereby improving light utilization.

[0058] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, the protruding structure 20 further includes: a connecting surface 26 , which is disposed between the plurality of reflecting surfaces 21 , and the connecting surface 26 and the reflecting surface 21 are in smooth transition; or, the connecting surface 26 is a curved surface.

[0059] The connecting surface 26 is provided between two adjacent raised structures 20 and is respectively connected to the adjacent fourth reflective surfaces 25 of the two raised structures 20. The connecting surface 26 is located between each reflective surface 21, serving as a connection and transition. The transition between the connecting surface 26 and the reflective surface 21 is smooth, without obvious sharp corners or abrupt portions. This design can reduce light scattering caused by sharp corners during reflection, thereby improving light reflection efficiency. The connecting surface 26 is formed by recessing at least a portion of the surface of the raised structure 20 provided on the substrate 10 along the third direction C of the busbar 100 toward the center of the substrate 10. The connecting surface 26 includes a plurality of first connecting surfaces 261 and a second connecting surface 262. The first connecting surface 261 is adapted to transitionally connect with the plurality of fourth reflective surfaces 25. The plurality of first connecting surfaces 261 are spaced apart circumferentially around the second connecting surface 262, and each of the plurality of first connecting surfaces 261 transitionally connects with the second connecting surface 262.

[0060] The curved connecting surface 26 optimizes the streamlined structure, making the arrangement of the multiple protrusions 20 more compact and efficient. The connecting surface 26 further enhances light capture and reflection, acting as an additional reflective surface 21 to increase the number of light reflections, thereby improving the overall performance of the photovoltaic module. The smooth transition and curved surface design both enhance the stability and reliability of the structure, reduce mechanical stress, and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0061] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, the side of the busbar 100 provided with the protruding structure 20 includes at least: a first refractive layer 11 and a second refractive layer 12, the second refractive layer 12 is provided between the first refractive layer 11 and the substrate 10, the shapes of the first refractive layer 11 and the second refractive layer 12 are adapted to each other, and the refractive index of the first refractive layer 11 is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive layer 12.

[0062] The second refractive layer 12 is disposed along the third direction C of the busbar 100 on the side of the busbar 100 where the protrusion structure 20 is located, and covers the surface of the protrusion structure 20. The first refractive layer 11 is disposed on the side of the second refractive layer 12 away from the busbar 100 along the third direction C of the busbar 100. The first refractive layer 11 has a higher refractive index than the second refractive layer 12. When light enters the second refractive layer 12 from the first refractive layer 11, total internal reflection occurs if the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle. This total internal reflection effect reduces light transmission losses between the two layers, thereby improving light utilization. The higher refractive index of the first refractive layer 11 better captures incident light and guides it to the surface of the photovoltaic cell. The lower refractive index of the second refractive layer 12 helps retain light within the photovoltaic module, reducing light escape.

[0063] Thus, the shapes of the first refractive layer 11 and the second refractive layer 12 are adapted to ensure a smooth and seamless interface between the first and second refractive layers 11 and 12, thereby preventing light scattering and loss at the interface. The difference in refractive index between the two layers optimizes the path of light within the busbar 100, reducing scattering and loss of light when propagating between different media. This allows light to be more effectively absorbed by the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0064] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, the thickness of the second refractive layer 12 is greater than the thickness of the first refractive layer 11 .

[0065] As the outermost layer, the first refractive layer 11, due to its high refractive index, effectively captures incident light and directs it into the photovoltaic module. The thicker second refractive layer 12 helps retain more light within the photovoltaic module through total internal reflection, reducing light escape and thus improving light utilization. The greater thickness of the second refractive layer 12 better guides light, directing it toward the photovoltaic cell through multiple internal reflections, thereby reducing scattering and loss when light propagates between different media.

[0066] Therefore, by means of the difference in refractive index and the proportional relationship of thickness of the two layers, the path of light inside the bus bar 100 can be optimized, so that light can be more effectively absorbed by the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, the first refractive layer 11 is a titanium dioxide layer or a lithium niobate layer; the material of the second refractive layer 12 is a silicon oxide layer or a magnesium fluoride layer.

[0068] Titanium dioxide is a common high-refractive-index material, often used in optical coatings, with good chemical stability and a high refractive index (approximately 2.4). Lithium niobate is also a high-refractive-index material, with a refractive index of approximately 2.2, and has excellent optical and electro-optical properties.

[0069] Silicon oxide is a commonly used low-refractive-index material with good chemical stability and transparency. Its refractive index is approximately 1.46. Magnesium fluoride is also a low-refractive-index material widely used in optical thin films. Its refractive index is approximately 1.38, and it has good transparency and chemical stability.

[0070] Therefore, the first refractive layer 11 is a titanium dioxide layer or a lithium niobate layer, and the material of the second refractive layer 12 is a silicon oxide layer or a magnesium fluoride layer, so as to achieve a total reflection effect, optimize the path of light inside the busbar 100, so that the light can be more effectively absorbed by the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0071] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, there are multiple first refractive layers 11 and multiple second refractive layers 12 , and the multiple first refractive layers 11 and the multiple second refractive layers 12 are alternately arranged along the thickness direction of the substrate 10 .

[0072] Specifically, along the third direction C of the busbar 100, moving away from the busbar 100, a second refractive layer 12 is formed, followed by a first refractive layer 11, and then a second refractive layer 12, alternating in this manner. Each first refractive layer 11 has a high refractive index, effectively capturing incident light. Each second refractive layer 12 has a lower refractive index, helping to retain light within the photovoltaic module through total internal reflection.

[0073] As a result, due to the alternating arrangement of first and second refractive layers 11, 12, light undergoes multiple reflections as it passes through these layers. Each reflection increases the light's residence time within the photovoltaic module, thereby improving light utilization. The multiple layers of high-refractive-index first refractive layers 11 can better capture light incident at different angles and direct it toward the photovoltaic cell surface. The multiple layers of low-refractive-index second refractive layers 12 help retain light within the photovoltaic module, reducing its escape.

[0074] The battery string assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the bus bar 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] According to the battery string assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, by applying the bus bar 100 in the above embodiment, the battery string assembly is not only further improved in optical performance, but also achieves significant improvements in reducing light loss and improving light capture efficiency, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery string assembly and enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the battery string assembly.

[0076] The photovoltaic assembly according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes the bus bar 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, or the battery string assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] The photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module by applying the bus bar 100 or battery string assembly in the above embodiment, enhance the overall performance and reliability of the photovoltaic module, and enable it to work effectively in different application environments.

[0078] The photovoltaic power generation system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it includes the bus bar 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, or the battery string assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention, or the photovoltaic assembly according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] According to the photovoltaic power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, by applying the bus bar 100, battery string assembly or photovoltaic assembly in the above embodiment, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system can be effectively improved, the environmental adaptability of the photovoltaic power generation system can be enhanced, and the energy output of the photovoltaic power generation system can be improved.

[0080] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0081] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact via another feature between them. In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

[0082] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0083] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bus bar, characterized in that: include: substrate; A plurality of protrusion structures are provided on the substrate, and the plurality of protrusion structures are arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

2. The bus bar according to claim 1, wherein: The protruding structure is formed with a plurality of reflecting surfaces, the plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged along the circumference of the protruding structure, and the plurality of reflecting surfaces are connected to each other along the circumference of the protruding structure.

3. The bus bar according to claim 2, wherein: The plurality of reflecting surfaces include: two first reflecting surfaces, the two first reflecting surfaces being opposite to each other along the first direction; Two second reflecting surfaces are opposite to each other along the second direction, and the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are inclinedly extended toward each other along the thickness direction of the substrate and away from one end of the substrate.

4. The bus bar according to claim 3, wherein: At least one of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is a curved surface; and / or; At least one of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is a plane.

5. The bus bar according to claim 1, wherein: The protruding structure is formed with a plurality of reflective surfaces, and the plurality of reflective surfaces include: a third reflecting surface; A plurality of fourth reflecting surfaces are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the third reflecting surface, and the plurality of fourth reflecting surfaces are connected to the third reflecting surface.

6. The bus bar according to claim 5, wherein: One end of each of the plurality of fourth reflecting surfaces away from the third reflecting surface extends obliquely toward the central area of the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate; or The widths of the plurality of fourth reflective surfaces tend to decrease in a direction away from the third reflective surface.

7. The bus bar according to claim 5, wherein: The third reflecting surface and the fourth reflecting surface are curved surfaces, and the third reflecting surface and the fourth reflecting surface are convex in a direction away from the substrate along a thickness direction of the substrate.

8. The bus bar according to claim 5, wherein: The protruding structure further includes a connecting surface, the connecting surface being arranged between the plurality of reflecting surfaces. The connecting surface and the reflecting surface have a smooth transition; or, The connecting surface is a curved surface.

9. The busbar according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The side of the busbar provided with the protruding structure at least includes: a first refractive layer; The second refractive layer is provided between the first refractive layer and the substrate. The shapes of the first refractive layer and the second refractive layer are adapted to each other. The refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive layer.

10. The bus bar according to claim 9, wherein: The thickness of the second refractive layer is greater than that of the first refractive layer.

11. The bus bar according to claim 9, wherein: The first refractive layer is a titanium dioxide layer or a lithium niobate layer; The material of the second refractive layer is a silicon oxide layer or a magnesium fluoride layer.

12. The bus bar according to claim 9, wherein: There are a plurality of the first refractive layers and a plurality of the second refractive layers, and the plurality of the first refractive layers and the plurality of the second refractive layers are alternately arranged along the thickness direction of the substrate.

13. A battery string assembly, characterized in that: Comprising the bus bar according to any one of claims 1-12.

14. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The method comprises the bus bar according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or the battery string assembly according to claim 13.

15. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: The method comprises the bus bar according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or the cell string assembly according to claim 13, or the photovoltaic assembly according to claim 14.

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