Intelligent husking machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent husking machine, which relates to the technical field of grain and oil processing and comprises a shell, and a feeding pipe, a husking structure, a discharging guide plate and a discharging pipe which are mounted on the shell and are sequentially arranged according to a material conveying path, the husking structure comprises a horizontally-installed centrifugal disc, a rotation driving mechanism used for driving the centrifugal disc to rotate, a centrifugal material distribution conical plate fixed to the centrifugal disc and a multi-layer cutter disc, and the multi-layer cutter disc is of an annular structure surrounding the centrifugal material distribution conical plate. The inner ring part of the multi-layer cutter head is provided with a plurality of layers of to-be-husked material inlets facing the outer conical surface of the centrifugal material distribution conical plate, and the outer ring part of the multi-layer cutter head is provided with a plurality of layers of husked material outlets leading to the discharging guide plate. According to the husking machine, the husking efficiency and the quality of finished products are improved, and the defects of the existing husking equipment in the aspects of operation complexity and maintenance cost are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grain and oil processing, in particular to a device for separating seed shells, which is suitable for separating the shells and kernels of crops such as sunflower seeds, beans, rice, buckwheat, and oats. Background Art

[0002] For shelling grain and oilseed crops, particularly sunflower seeds and soybean kernels, three main types of shelling equipment are currently used: disc shellers, toothed roller shellers, and blade shellers. These devices all mechanically separate the shell from the kernel through the relative motion of a rotating blade and a stationary blade. However, each has significant drawbacks that affect shelling efficiency and product quality.

[0003] Disc Sheller: This machine separates the shell from the kernel by adjusting the distance between two grinding plates. The main disadvantage of this machine is a high kernel-shell breakage rate, which increases the difficulty of kernel-shell separation and reduces protein content. Furthermore, the grinding plates wear quickly, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0004] Toothed Roller Shellers: As the mainstream equipment in the current market, toothed roller shellers use two pairs of upper and lower toothed rollers to squeeze the material, separating the shell from the kernel. While their crushing rate is improved compared to disc shellers, the powder content is still high, affecting product yield and separation accuracy. Adjusting the gap between the toothed rollers is complex, and replacement is difficult, requiring high operational efficiency.

[0005] Blade Sheller: Compared to the previous two types of equipment, the Blade Sheller has a significantly improved crushing rate and better shelling results. However, its moving and stationary blades wear quickly and are complex to replace. Furthermore, the stationary blade is mounted on only one side of the frame, allowing the machine to rotate in only one direction, making operation inconvenient and costly. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides an intelligent shelling machine, which overcomes the defects of the existing shelling machines by adopting an innovative combination of a centrifugal disc, a multi-layer knife disc and a centrifugal material dividing conical plate.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by this utility model are as follows:

[0008] An intelligent shelling machine comprises a shell, a feed pipe, a shelling structure, a discharge guide plate and a discharge pipe installed on the shell and arranged in sequence according to the material conveying path; the shelling structure comprises a horizontally installed centrifugal disc, a rotating drive mechanism for driving the centrifugal disc to rotate, and a centrifugal distribution conical plate and a multi-layer cutter disc fixed to the centrifugal disc, the multi-layer cutter disc is an annular structure surrounding the centrifugal distribution conical plate, the inner ring portion of the multi-layer cutter disc is provided with multiple layers of inlets for materials to be shelled facing the outer conical surface of the centrifugal distribution conical plate, and the outer ring portion is provided with multiple layers of outlets for shelled materials leading to the discharge guide plate.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-layer cutter disc comprises a plurality of shelling cutters and layer plates arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the shelling cutters can be detachably installed between two adjacent layer plates, and between the lowest layer plate and the centrifugal disc.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge guide plate is located below the multi-layer cutter disc, which is an inclined arc-shaped plate, the lower end of which leads to the discharge pipe, and the other edge parts are sealed with the inner wall of the shell; the shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell that are detachably connected by a flange assembly, the feed pipe is detachably mounted on the upper shell through the flange assembly, and the discharge guide plate and the discharge pipe are both welded to the lower shell; the lower shell is provided with an inspection port and a transparent observation window, the inspection port is opposite to the rotating drive mechanism, and the transparent observation window faces the discharge guide plate.

[0011] Preferably, the rotation drive mechanism includes a motor, a driving vertical shaft installed in the shell through a bearing assembly and passing through the discharge guide plate, a driving wheel installed on the rotating shaft end of the motor, a driven wheel installed on the lower end of the driving vertical shaft, and a belt connecting the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the upper end of the driving vertical shaft is fixedly connected to the centrifugal disk.

[0012] Preferably, the driving vertical shaft, centrifugal disc, centrifugal distribution conical plate, multi-layer cutter disc, feed pipe and shell are all coaxially arranged, and the part of the driving vertical shaft located at the discharge guide plate is wrapped in a protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve is a cylindrical structure fixedly connected to the discharge guide plate, which rotates with the driving vertical shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the bearing assembly includes an upper bracket and a lower bracket welded to the inner wall of the shell, and an upper bearing and a lower bearing respectively mounted on the upper bracket and the lower bracket, and the driving vertical shaft is mounted on the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The centrifugal conical plate design evenly distributes material to the multi-layered cutter discs, achieving a more precise shelling process, effectively reducing kernel and shell breakage, and improving product quality. The multi-layered cutter disc design allows the shelled material to enter the shelling process layer by layer, and centrifugal force drives the process, achieving fast and efficient material separation. This new centrifugal disc and cutter disc structure greatly simplifies equipment adjustment and maintenance, reduces equipment downtime, and lowers operating costs.

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following embodiments of the present invention are given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 2 is a perspective structural diagram of the intelligent shelling machine described in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the intelligent shelling machine according to the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the intelligent shelling machine in the embodiment;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Lower shell; 2. Upper shell; 3. Feed pipe; 4. Motor; 5. Motor protective housing; 6. Multi-layer cutter head; 7. Transparent observation window; 8. Discharge guide plate; 9. Discharge pipe; 10. Centrifugal distribution cone plate; 11. Centrifugal disc; 12. Inspection port; 13. Upper bracket; 14. Upper bearing; 15. Lower bracket; 16. Lower bearing; 17. Driving shaft; 18. Protective cover; 19. Driven wheel; 20. Driving wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The utility model provides an intelligent shelling machine, including a shell, a feed pipe 3, a shelling structure, a discharge guide plate 8 and a discharge pipe 9 installed on the shell and arranged in sequence according to the material conveying path; the shelling structure includes a horizontally installed centrifugal disc 11, a rotating drive mechanism for driving the centrifugal disc 11 to rotate, and a centrifugal distribution cone plate 10 and a multi-layer cutter disc 6 fixed to the centrifugal disc 11. The multi-layer cutter disc 6 is an annular structure surrounding the centrifugal distribution cone plate 10. The inner ring portion of the multi-layer cutter disc 6 is provided with multiple layers of material inlets to be shelled facing the outer cone surface of the centrifugal distribution cone plate 10, and the outer ring portion is provided with multiple layers of shelled material outlets leading to the discharge guide plate 8.

[0024] Material enters centrifugal disc 11 through feed pipe 3. Centrifugal disc 11 is rotated by a rotary drive mechanism, generating centrifugal force. Centrifugal distribution cone 10 evenly distributes the material to the inlet of multi-layered cutter disc 6. Multi-layered cutter disc 6 shells the material layer by layer. The shelled material is discharged through the outlet of the outer ring and directed through discharge guide plate 8 into discharge pipe 9. The shelling process relies on centrifugal force and the relative motion of the cutters to separate the shell from the kernel.

[0025] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the multi-layer cutter disc 6 includes a plurality of shelling cutters and layer plates arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The shelling cutters can be detachably installed between two adjacent layer plates and between the bottom layer plate and the centrifugal disc 11.

[0026] The multi-layer blade disc 6 design ensures that the material is shelled gradually at different levels. The blades are distributed between the layers, making the shelling process more uniform and reducing the possibility of material breakage. The centrifugal disc 11 and the multi-layer blade disc 6 work together to achieve efficient shelling and increase shelling accuracy.

[0027] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a discharge guide plate 8 is positioned below the multi-layered cutter disc 6. It is an inclined, curved plate with its lower end opening into a discharge pipe 9, and its remaining edges sealingly engage the inner wall of the housing. After the multi-layered cutter disc 6 completes shelling, the material slides from the outlet onto the inclined discharge guide plate 8. The curved plate design allows the material to slide smoothly toward the discharge pipe 9, preventing blockage. The sealed fit between the discharge guide plate 8 and the inner wall of the housing prevents material leakage during the shelling process, enhancing the operational stability of the equipment.

[0028] The housing comprises an upper housing 2 and a lower housing 1, which are detachably connected by a flange assembly. The feed pipe 3 is detachably mounted to the upper housing 2 via the flange assembly, and the discharge guide plate 8 and discharge pipe 9 are welded to the lower housing 1. The flange assembly allows for easy disassembly and installation of the housing, facilitating equipment inspection and maintenance. The detachable design of the feed pipe 3 and discharge pipe 9 further enhances the adaptability and maintenance efficiency of the equipment, ensuring convenient use in various work environments. The lower housing 1 is provided with an inspection port 12 and a transparent observation window 7. The inspection port 12 faces the rotary drive mechanism, and the transparent observation window 7 faces the discharge guide plate 8. The design of the inspection port 12 allows for quick maintenance in the event of operational problems without disassembling the entire unit. The transparent observation window 7 allows the operator to monitor the shelling and discharge processes in real time, ensuring stable material handling and effective shelling. A mounting flange for the entire unit is provided at the lower end of the lower housing 1, and the outlet of the discharge pipe 9 faces downward and is equipped with a pipe connection flange. The mounting flange of the whole machine facilitates the fixation and installation of the equipment. The design of the discharge pipe 9 ensures the smooth discharge of the material after shelling. The downward outlet structure effectively prevents the residual material from clogging the pipe, and maintains the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0029] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the rotary drive mechanism includes a motor 4, a drive shaft 17 mounted within the housing via a bearing assembly and extending through the discharge guide plate 8, a driving pulley 20 mounted on the rotating shaft end of the motor 4, a driven pulley 19 mounted at the lower end of the drive shaft 17, and a belt (not shown) connecting the driving pulley 20 and the driven pulley 19. The upper end of the drive shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the centrifugal disk 11. The motor 4 drives the belt via the driving pulley 20, causing the driven pulley 19 to rotate the drive shaft 17, which in turn rotates the centrifugal disk 11. This transmission structure ensures smooth and efficient operation of the shelling equipment. The bearing assembly design reduces friction, ensuring reliable, long-term operation of the equipment.

[0030] The drive shaft 17, centrifugal disc 11, centrifugal distribution cone 10, multi-layered cutter disc 6, feed pipe 3, and housing are all coaxially arranged. The portion of the drive shaft 17 located near the discharge guide plate 8 is enclosed in a protective sleeve 18. This cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the discharge guide plate 8 and rotatably engages the drive shaft 17. This coaxial arrangement ensures balanced and stable operation of the equipment. The protective sleeve 18 effectively protects the drive shaft 17 from impurities and material debris that may be generated during the shelling process, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0031] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the bearing assembly includes an upper bracket 13 and a lower bracket 15 welded to the inner wall of the shell, and an upper bearing 14 and a lower bearing 16 mounted on the upper bracket 13 and the lower bracket 15, respectively. A drive shaft 17 is mounted on the upper bearing 14 and the lower bearing 16. The bearing assembly supports the drive shaft 17 through the upper and lower brackets, ensuring its smooth rotation. The arrangement of the upper and lower bearings improves the load-bearing capacity and operational stability of the equipment, making the shelling process smoother and reducing equipment wear.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent shelling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a feed pipe (3), a shelling structure, a discharge guide plate (8) and a discharge pipe (9) which are installed on the shell and arranged in sequence according to the material conveying path; the shelling structure comprises a horizontally installed centrifugal disc (11), a rotation drive mechanism for driving the centrifugal disc (11) to rotate, and a centrifugal distribution conical plate (10) and a multi-layer knife disc (6) fixed to the centrifugal disc (11); the multi-layer knife disc (6) is an annular structure surrounding the centrifugal distribution conical plate (10); the inner ring portion of the multi-layer knife disc (6) is provided with multiple layers of inlets for materials to be shelled facing the outer conical surface of the centrifugal distribution conical plate (10); and the outer ring portion is provided with multiple layers of outlets for shelled materials leading to the discharge guide plate (8).

2. The intelligent shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-layer cutter disc (6) comprises a plurality of shelling cutters and layer plates arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The shelling cutters can be detachably installed between two adjacent layer plates, and between the lowest layer plate and the centrifugal disc (11).

3. The intelligent shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The discharge guide plate (8) is located below the multi-layer cutter disc (6), and is an arc-shaped plate arranged obliquely, with its lower end leading to the discharge pipe (9), and the other edge parts are sealed with the inner wall of the shell; the shell includes an upper shell (2) and a lower shell (1) that are detachably connected by a flange assembly, the feed pipe (3) is detachably installed on the upper shell (2) through the flange assembly, and the discharge guide plate (8) and the discharge pipe (9) are both welded to the lower shell (1); the lower shell (1) is provided with an inspection port (12) and a transparent observation window (7), the inspection port (12) is opposite to the rotating drive mechanism, and the transparent observation window (7) faces the discharge guide plate (8).

4. The intelligent shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotary drive mechanism comprises a motor (4), a drive vertical shaft (17) installed in the housing through a bearing assembly and passing through the discharge guide plate (8), a driving wheel (20) installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the motor (4), a driven wheel (19) installed at the lower end of the drive vertical shaft (17), and a belt for connecting the driving wheel (20) and the driven wheel (19); the upper end of the drive vertical shaft (17) is fixedly connected to the centrifugal disc (11).

5. The intelligent shelling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that The drive shaft (17), centrifugal disc (11), centrifugal distribution conical plate (10), multi-layer cutter disc (6), feed pipe (3) and shell are all coaxially arranged. The portion of the drive shaft (17) located on the discharge guide plate (8) is wrapped in a protective sleeve (18). The protective sleeve (18) is a cylindrical structure fixedly connected to the discharge guide plate (8) and is rotatably matched with the drive shaft (17).

6. The intelligent shelling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that The bearing assembly comprises an upper bracket (13) and a lower bracket (15) welded to the inner wall of the shell, and an upper bearing (14) and a lower bearing (16) respectively mounted on the upper bracket (13) and the lower bracket (15), and the driving vertical shaft (17) is mounted on the upper bearing (14) and the lower bearing (16).

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