Energy storage device and thermal management system thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides energy storage equipment and a thermal management system thereof. The thermal management system includes: a photovoltaic module configured to convert light energy in solar energy into electric energy; the heat collector is thermally coupled with the photovoltaic module and is configured to collect heat energy generated by the photovoltaic module; the heat and cold storage device is configured to store heat or cold; the first heat exchange loop is thermally coupled with the heat and cold storage device and the heat collector and is configured to transfer heat from one of the heat collector and the heat and cold storage device to the other one of the heat collector and the heat and cold storage device; and the battery pack is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module and is configured to store electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module, and the battery pack is selectively and thermally coupled to the heat and cold storage device so as to obtain heat or cold stored by the heat and cold storage device. According to the energy storage equipment and the thermal management system thereof, the energy storage battery can be at a proper working temperature, so that the safety risk during operation of the energy storage equipment is reduced, and the service life of the energy storage battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of energy storage devices, and in particular to an energy storage device and a thermal management system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In an era of global advocacy for strengthened environmental protection and sustainable resource utilization, demand for new energy applications is steadily increasing. Energy storage technology is a crucial component in replacing traditional fossil fuels with new energy. The development of energy storage devices with longer cycle life, higher energy density, and improved safety performance has become a hot research topic both domestically and internationally.

[0003] With the rapid development of the new energy industry and the increasing complexity of power grids, microgrid systems have experienced rapid growth due to their ability to facilitate the integration of new energy, alleviate grid power pressure, and improve power quality. Energy storage, as one of the technologies supporting microgrid systems, plays a key role in shaving peak loads, improving power quality, and reducing grid connection difficulties. Therefore, configuring appropriate energy storage devices within microgrid systems is crucial.

[0004] In recent years, the number of lithium-ion battery energy storage projects has increased significantly, and their scale has gradually expanded. Research on lithium-ion batteries has gradually evolved from single cells or small-capacity battery packs to the current megawatt-class energy storage systems, showing great application value and development prospects in the energy supply field. However, the thermal safety issues of lithium-ion batteries and the thermal life of the packs are key factors restricting the development of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. This is especially true for box-type energy storage devices with complex structures, large capacities, and limited space. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an energy storage device and a thermal management system thereof, so that the energy storage battery can be kept at a suitable operating temperature, thereby reducing the safety risks during the operation of the energy storage device and increasing the service life of the energy storage battery.

[0006] A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a thermal management system for an energy storage device, comprising:

[0007] Photovoltaic modules configured to convert solar light energy into electrical energy;

[0008] a thermal collector, thermally coupled to the photovoltaic assembly and configured to collect thermal energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly;

[0009] a heat and cold storage device configured to store heat and / or cold;

[0010] a first heat exchange circuit, thermally coupled to the thermal and cold storage device and the heat collector, configured to transfer heat from one of the heat collector and the thermal and cold storage device to the other of the heat collector and the thermal and cold storage device; and

[0011] A battery pack is electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly and is configured to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly. The battery pack can be selectively thermally coupled to the thermal and cold storage device to obtain the heat or cold stored in the thermal and cold storage device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thermal management system has a first operating mode and a second operating mode.

[0013] In the first working mode, the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the heat collector to the heat and cold storage device, so that the heat and cold storage device stores heat;

[0014] In the second working mode, the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the thermal and cold storage device to the heat collector, so that the thermal and cold storage device stores cold energy.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first heat exchange circuit includes a first compressor, and the first compressor is configured to transport the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from one of the thermal storage device and the heat collector to the other of the thermal storage device and the heat collector.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a first temperature acquisition device, which is configured to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic component to determine whether the first compressor transports the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from the collector to the heat and cold storage device in the first operating mode.

[0017] In some embodiments, the heat storage and cold storage device stores an energy storage medium as a carrier of heat or cold, and the thermal management system also includes a second temperature acquisition device, which is configured to detect the temperature of the battery pack to determine whether the heat storage and cold storage device transmits the energy storage medium to the battery pack.

[0018] In some embodiments, further comprising:

[0019] air duct;

[0020] a second heat exchange circuit, thermally coupled to the interior space of the air duct; and

[0021] At least one of the third temperature acquisition device and the humidity acquisition device is configured to detect at least one of the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the battery pack is located to determine whether the second heat exchange circuit supplies cooling or heating to the internal space of the air duct, and whether the air duct supplies air to the environment in which the battery pack is located.

[0022] In some embodiments, the interior space of the air duct can be selectively thermally coupled to the thermal and cold storage device through the second heat exchange circuit to obtain heat or cold stored in the thermal and cold storage device.

[0023] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides an energy storage device, comprising the thermal management system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0024] In some embodiments, a box is included for accommodating the battery pack, and the photovoltaic assembly is hidden on the top of the box.

[0025] In some embodiments, the thermal collector is integrated into the backsheet of the photovoltaic module.

[0026] In some embodiments, at least one electrical appliance in the energy storage device is powered by the photovoltaic assembly and / or the battery pack.

[0027] In the thermal management system of the energy storage device provided in the present disclosure, the first heat exchange circuit can transfer heat from the heat collector to the thermal storage device, causing the thermal storage device to store heat, or transfer heat from the thermal storage device to the heat collector, causing the thermal storage device to store cold. Because the thermal storage device and the battery pack are selectively thermally coupled, the thermal storage device can release stored heat or cold to the battery pack according to the needs of battery operation, thereby controlling the temperature difference of the battery pack within a preset range by heating or cooling the battery pack. The battery pack can be maintained at a suitable operating temperature, which can prevent the battery pack temperature from deviating from the normal range and having an adverse effect on the battery pack's charging and discharging efficiency, and can also avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by excessive battery pack temperature.

[0028] As can be seen, the thermal management system for energy storage devices provided by this disclosure can reduce safety risks during operation and extend the service life of energy storage batteries. Furthermore, the thermal coupling between the collector and the photovoltaic module allows the heat generated by the photovoltaic module to be promptly removed for thermal storage, thus reducing the adverse effects of heat accumulation on the photovoltaic module's power generation efficiency and ensuring the efficiency of photoelectric conversion, thereby improving the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0029] The thermal management system provided by the present disclosure can replace the thermal management method of forced air cooling or industrial air conditioning in traditional energy storage equipment, and replace traditional battery liquid cooling host, industrial air conditioning and other devices, which is conducive to reducing the load energy consumption of the energy storage equipment itself. In addition, the thermal management system can cool or heat the battery pack through the first heat exchange circuit and the heat and cold storage device, thereby reducing the integration space of the thermal management system and reducing its integration difficulty, so that the energy density of energy storage equipment of the same volume can be higher.

[0030] The energy storage device provided by the present disclosure correspondingly has the advantages of the thermal management system of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of energy storage devices according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the thermal management system of the energy storage device disclosed in the first working mode.

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the thermal management system of the energy storage device disclosed in the second working mode.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals represent:

[0037] 11. Photovoltaic modules; 12. Thermal collectors; 13. Inverters; 14. Lighting devices;

[0038] 20. Battery pack; 21. BMS slave control unit; 22. Serial cables;

[0039] 3. Heat and cold storage device;

[0040] 4. Main engine; 41. First compressor; 42. First throttling element; 43. Second compressor; 44. Second throttling element;

[0041] 51, first pipeline; 52, second pipeline; 53, third pipeline; 54, fourth pipeline; 55, fifth pipeline; 56, sixth pipeline;

[0042] 61. First heat exchanger; 62. Second heat exchanger;

[0043] 71. Air duct; 72. Fan;

[0044] 8. Box body;

[0045] 9. Power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0047] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, these techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0048] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0049] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0050] refer to Figures 1 to 3 , embodiments of the present disclosure provide an energy storage device and a thermal management system thereof.

[0051] The thermal management system of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a photovoltaic assembly 11 , a heat collector 12 , a heat storage and cold storage device 3 , a first heat exchange loop and a battery pack 20 .

[0052] The photovoltaic assembly 11 is configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The thermal collector 12 is thermally coupled to the photovoltaic assembly 11 and is configured to collect the thermal energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly 11. The thermal storage and cold storage device 3 is configured to store heat and / or cold energy; the first heat exchange circuit is thermally coupled to the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 and the thermal collector 12 and is configured to transfer heat from one of the thermal collector 12 and the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 to the other of the thermal collector 12 and the thermal storage and cold storage device 3. The battery pack 20 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly 11 and is configured to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly 11. The battery pack 20 can be selectively thermally coupled to the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 to obtain the heat or cold energy stored in the thermal storage and cold storage device 3.

[0053] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The thermal management system further includes an inverter 13, which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels 11 and the battery pack 20 and is configured to convert the direct current (DC) power provided by the photovoltaic panels 11 and the battery pack 20 into AC power for use by the power grid 9. When the battery pack 20 is fully charged, the power generated by the photovoltaic panels 11 can be directly supplied to the power grid 9.

[0054] Optionally, the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 stores an energy storage medium that serves as a carrier of heat or cold. The thermal storage and cold storage device 3 may be provided with different storage spaces to store heat and cold, respectively. Optionally, the thermal management system further includes an energy storage medium transport device for transporting the heat or cold stored in the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 to the location of the battery pack 20. The energy storage medium transport device may be, for example, a pump.

[0055] In the thermal management system of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat exchange circuit can transfer heat from the heat collector 12 to the thermal storage and cold storage device 3, so that the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 stores heat, or transfer heat from the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 to the heat collector 12, so that the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 stores cold energy. Since the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 and the battery pack 20 are selectively thermally coupled, the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 can release the stored heat or cold energy to the battery pack 20 according to the needs of battery operation, thereby controlling the temperature difference of the battery pack 20 within a preset range by heating or cooling the battery pack 20. The battery pack 20 can be kept at a suitable operating temperature, which can prevent the battery pack 20 temperature from deviating from the normal range and having an adverse effect on the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack 20, and can also avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by excessive temperature of the battery pack 20.

[0056] Thus, the thermal management system for the energy storage device provided by the present disclosure can reduce safety risks during operation of the energy storage device and increase the service life of the energy storage battery. Furthermore, the thermal coupling between the heat collector 12 and the photovoltaic module 11 allows the heat generated by the photovoltaic module 11 during power generation to be promptly removed for thermal storage, thereby reducing the adverse effects of heat accumulation in the photovoltaic module 11 on its power generation efficiency, ensuring the efficiency of photoelectric conversion, and thus improving the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0057] The thermal management system provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can replace the thermal management methods of forced air cooling or industrial air conditioning in traditional energy storage devices, and replace traditional battery liquid cooling hosts, industrial air conditioners and other devices, which is beneficial to reducing the load energy consumption of the energy storage device itself. In addition, the thermal management system can cool or heat the battery pack 20 through the first heat exchange circuit and the heat and cold storage device 3, thereby reducing the integration space of the thermal management system and reducing its integration difficulty, so that the energy density of energy storage devices of the same volume can be higher.

[0058] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 3 The thermal management system has a first operating mode and a second operating mode. In the first operating mode, the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the heat collector 12 to the thermal and cold storage device 3, so that the thermal and cold storage device 3 stores heat. In the second operating mode, the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the thermal and cold storage device 3 to the heat collector 12, so that the thermal and cold storage device 3 stores cold energy.

[0059] In this embodiment, the operating mode of the thermal management system can be determined based on the amount of sunlight during the operation of the energy storage device. When there is sufficient sunlight, the thermal management system can be placed in the first operating mode, causing the thermal storage device 3 to store heat for heating. At this time, the thermal collector 12 can act as an evaporator for the refrigerant, removing the heat generated by the photovoltaic module 11 during power generation. At night or on rainy days, when the photovoltaic module 11 cannot generate electricity normally, the thermal collector 12 can be used as a condenser for the refrigerant. At this time, the thermal management system can be placed in the second operating mode, causing the thermal storage device 3 to store cold energy for cooling.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first heat exchange circuit includes a first compressor 41, which is configured to transport the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from one of the thermal storage device 3 and the collector 12 to the other of the thermal storage device 3 and the collector 12.

[0061] Optionally, the thermal management system includes a first compressor 41 and a first throttling element 42 provided in the first heat exchange circuit.

[0062] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3The first heat exchange circuit includes a first pipeline 51, a second pipeline 52, a third pipeline 53, and a fourth pipeline 54 for transporting refrigerant between the heat collector 12 and the thermal and cold storage device 3 to transfer heat. The thermal management system also includes a fifth pipeline 55 and a sixth pipeline 56 for transporting refrigerant between the thermal and cold storage device 3 and the battery pack 20 to transfer heat. Optionally, different battery packs 20 are connected via a serial cable 22. The fifth pipeline 55 and the sixth pipeline 56 have multiple branches corresponding to and thermally coupled to the multiple battery packs 20 to improve the cooling or heating effect.

[0063] Optionally, the thermal management system also includes a four-way valve or other switching component (not shown in the drawings) arranged in the first heat exchange circuit that can change the flow direction of the refrigerant, so as to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit by changing the connection relationship between different pipelines and the first compressor 41 according to the sunlight conditions, thereby switching the working mode of the thermal management system.

[0064] refer to Figure 2 In the first working mode, the first compressor 41 is configured to transport the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from the heat collector 12 to the heat storage and cold storage device 3, and the refrigerant circulates in the order of the heat collector 12, the first compressor 41, the heat storage and cold storage device 3, the first throttling element 42 and the heat collector 12. At this time, the heat collector 12 serves as the evaporator of the refrigerant and the heat storage and cold storage device 3 serves as the condenser of the refrigerant.

[0065] refer to Figure 3 In the second working mode, the first compressor 41 is configured to transport the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from the thermal storage device 3 to the collector 12, and the refrigerant circulates in the order of the thermal storage device 3, the first compressor 41, the collector 12, the first throttling element 42 and the thermal storage device 3. At this time, the collector 12 serves as the condenser of the refrigerant and the thermal storage device 3 serves as the evaporator of the refrigerant.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first compressor 41 can perform work on the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit, converting low-quality heat into high-quality heat, so that the temperature of the energy storage medium in the thermal storage and cold storage device 3 is high enough or low enough (for example, the temperature of the energy storage medium is raised to 60°C), reaching a level that can be directly used to heat or cool the battery pack 20.

[0067] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a first temperature acquisition device, which is configured to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly 11 to determine whether the first compressor 41 transports the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit to the heat and cold storage device 3 in the first operating mode.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the photovoltaic component 11 is higher than the first preset temperature, it indicates that the photovoltaic component 11 has generated a lot of heat during the power generation process and accumulated on the back of the photovoltaic component 11. At this time, the first compressor 41 can be started to allow the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit to be transported from the collector 12 to the heat storage and cold storage device 3 to achieve the purpose of heat storage, and by lowering the temperature of the photovoltaic component 11, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic component 11 is ensured.

[0069] In some embodiments, the heat storage and cold storage device 3 stores an energy storage medium as a carrier of heat or cold, and the thermal management system also includes a second temperature acquisition device, which is configured to detect the temperature of the battery pack 20 to determine whether the heat storage and cold storage device 3 transmits the energy storage medium to the battery pack 20.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the battery pack 20 is lower than the second preset temperature, the heat-cold storage device 3 can heat the battery pack 20 by transmitting a heat-carrying energy storage medium to the battery pack 20. When the temperature of the battery pack 20 is higher than the third preset temperature, the heat-cold storage device 3 can cool the battery pack 20 by transmitting a cold energy storage medium to the battery pack 20, thereby keeping the battery pack 20 within an appropriate temperature range.

[0071] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes an air duct 71, a second heat exchange circuit, and at least one of a third temperature acquisition device and a humidity acquisition device. The second heat exchange circuit is thermally coupled to the interior of the air duct 71. At least one of the third temperature acquisition device and the humidity acquisition device is configured to detect at least one of the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located to determine whether the second heat exchange circuit is providing cooling or heating to the interior of the air duct 71, and whether the air duct 71 is supplying air to the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located.

[0072] Optionally, the thermal management system includes an air duct 71, a second heat exchange circuit, a third temperature acquisition device and a humidity acquisition device. The third temperature acquisition device and the humidity acquisition device can be implemented as temperature and humidity sensors. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second heat exchange circuit includes a second compressor 43, a first heat exchanger 61, a second throttling element 44, and a second heat exchanger 62, wherein the first heat exchanger 61 is disposed in an air duct 71. Optionally, the thermal management system further includes a fan 72 for supplying air, and the fan 72 is disposed in the air duct 71.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 is higher than a fourth preset temperature, the second heat exchange circuit can supply cooling air to the air duct 71 and blow cold air toward the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 through the air duct 71 to lower the temperature of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20. When the temperature of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 is lower than a fifth preset temperature, the second heat exchange circuit can supply heating air and blow hot air toward the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 through the air duct 71. When the humidity of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 is higher than a preset humidity, dry air can be blown directly toward the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 through the air duct 71 to maintain or lower the humidity of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20, thereby maintaining a constant temperature and humidity in the environment surrounding the battery pack 20. Optionally, to ensure that the air blown out of the air duct 71 is sufficiently dry, an air dryer can be provided within the air duct 71.

[0074] In some embodiments, the interior space of the air duct 71 can be selectively thermally coupled to the thermal and cold storage device 3 through the second heat exchange circuit to obtain the heat or cold stored in the thermal and cold storage device 3 .

[0075] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The heat storage and cold storage device 3 is arranged in parallel with the second heat exchanger 62, and the heat storage and cold storage device 3, the second compressor 43, the first heat exchanger 61 and the second throttling element 44 form a heat exchange circuit.

[0076] In this embodiment, since the heat storage and cold storage device 3 can be selectively thermally coupled with the internal space of the air duct 71 through the second heat exchange circuit, the heat storage and cold storage device 3 can release the stored heat or cold to the internal space of the air duct 71 through the second heat exchange circuit according to the temperature regulation requirements of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located, thereby causing the air duct 71 to blow out hot air or cold air to increase or decrease the temperature of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located, and control the temperature of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located within a preset range.

[0077] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The thermal management system includes a host 4 , in which the first compressor 41 , the first throttling element 42 , the second compressor 43 and the second throttling element 44 mentioned above are integrated. Optionally, the inverter 13 is also provided in the host 4 .

[0078] Optionally, the thermal management system further includes one or more control devices to obtain the detection results of the first temperature acquisition device, the second temperature acquisition device, the third temperature acquisition device, and the humidity acquisition device, and to send corresponding control instructions to the first compressor 41, the second compressor 43, the energy storage medium delivery device, the fan 72, and other devices, thereby realizing the corresponding thermal management function. The above-mentioned functions of detecting the temperature of the battery pack 20, the temperature of the photovoltaic module 11, the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located, and the control functions of one or more control devices can be performed by the EMS system (Energy Management System) of the energy storage device and the BMS system (Battery Management System) provided in the battery pack 20. Figure 1 2 shows a BMS slave control unit 21 provided in a battery pack 20 in the BMS system.

[0079] The energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes the thermal management system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0080] The energy storage device can be implemented in the form of an energy storage container, an integrated energy storage cabinet, or other forms that can play the same or similar role.

[0081] The energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure correspondingly has the advantages of the thermal management system of the embodiments of the present disclosure. For details, please refer to the relevant description above.

[0082] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The energy storage device includes a box 8 for accommodating a battery pack 20 , and a photovoltaic component 11 is shielded on the top of the box 8 .

[0083] In this embodiment, the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located refers to the internal space of the box 8 , and the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located are the temperature and humidity of the internal space of the box 8 .

[0084] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic assembly 11 is disposed on top of the housing 8. The photovoltaic assembly 11 acts as a sunshade, preventing the housing 8 of the energy storage device from being exposed to sunlight for an extended period, which could result in excessive temperature rises within the housing 8. Therefore, the above-described configuration of the energy storage device helps ensure that the battery pack 20 operates within a suitable temperature range, thereby reducing safety risks during operation of the energy storage device and extending the service life of the energy storage batteries.

[0085] In some embodiments, the thermal collector 12 is integrated into the back panel of the photovoltaic module 11 .

[0086] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module 11 and the thermal collector 12 are integrated into a photovoltaic thermal assembly. The contact area and heat exchange area between the photovoltaic module 11 and the thermal collector 12 are large, which facilitates the efficient transfer of heat generated by the photovoltaic module 11 during power generation to the heat storage device 3 when there is sufficient sunlight, or the efficient dissipation of heat generated by the battery pack 20 during operation at night or on rainy days through the thermal collector 2. In addition, the thermal collector 12 is also arranged on the top of the housing 8, and can act as a sunshade together with the photovoltaic module 11. The thermal collector 12 itself can also directly absorb the heat energy from the solar energy, which can improve the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0087] In some embodiments, at least one electrical appliance in the energy storage device is powered by the photovoltaic assembly 11 and / or the battery pack 20 .

[0088] The electrical appliances in the energy storage device refer to devices that need to consume electrical energy when working in the thermal management system. Specifically, they may include the first compressor 41, the second compressor 43, the energy storage medium conveying device, the fan 72 and other devices mentioned above for adjusting the temperature of the photovoltaic module 11, the temperature of the battery pack 20, and the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the battery pack 20 is located.

[0089] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dashed lines with arrows in the figure illustrate the direction of electrical energy transfer within the energy storage device. Optionally, all electrical appliances within the energy storage device are powered by the photovoltaic modules 11 and / or the battery pack 20. Optionally, the energy storage device also includes lighting devices 14 and a fire protection system, which can also be powered by the photovoltaic modules 11 and / or the battery pack 20.

[0090] The energy storage device of this embodiment can determine whether the electrical appliances in the thermal management system are powered by the photovoltaic modules 11 or the battery pack 20 based on the sunlight conditions during operation. When there is sufficient sunlight, the electrical appliances in the energy storage device can be directly powered by the photovoltaic modules 11. However, at night or on rainy days, when the photovoltaic modules 11 cannot generate electricity normally, the electrical appliances in the energy storage device can be powered by the battery pack 20, which serves as a backup power source. Thus, in this embodiment, the electrical energy required by the energy storage device to perform functions such as thermal management, lighting, and fire control is essentially derived from solar energy, making full use of the stored energy and having almost no reliance on the power grid, allowing for stable off-grid operation.

[0091] The working principles of the energy storage devices and thermal management systems thereof in some embodiments are further described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present disclosure.

[0092] The energy storage device is an energy storage container, and the energy storage device includes a thermal management system and a box body 8. Among them, the thermal management system includes a photovoltaic module 11, a heat collector 12, a plurality of battery packs 20, a heat storage and cold storage device 3, a first heat exchange circuit, a first compressor 41 arranged in the first heat exchange circuit, a second heat exchange circuit, a second compressor 43 arranged in the second heat exchange circuit, a first temperature acquisition device, a second temperature acquisition device, a third temperature acquisition device, a humidity acquisition device, an air duct 71 and a fan 72. The photovoltaic module 11 is shielded at the top of the box body 8, the heat collector 12 is integrated into the back plate of the photovoltaic module 11, and the plurality of battery packs 20 are stacked and arranged inside the box body 8. The specific implementation methods and functions of the above-mentioned devices or components not mentioned here, as well as the connection relationship between the above-mentioned devices or components, can be further referred to the relevant description above.

[0093] When there is sufficient sunlight, the thermal management system can be put into the first working mode. When the temperature of the photovoltaic module 11 is higher than the first preset temperature, the first compressor 41 is started, so that the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the heat collector 12 to the heat storage and cold storage device 3. The heat storage and cold storage device 3 stores heat for heating. At this time, the heat collector 12 can act as an evaporator of the refrigerant to remove the heat generated when the photovoltaic module 11 generates electricity. At night or on rainy days, the photovoltaic module 11 cannot generate electricity normally, and the heat collector 12 can be used as a condenser of the refrigerant. At this time, the thermal management system can be put into the second working mode, and the first compressor 41 is started, so that the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the heat storage and cold storage device 3 to the heat collector 12. The heat storage and cold storage device 3 stores cold energy for cooling.

[0094] When the temperature of the battery pack 20 is lower than the second preset temperature, the heat-cold storage device 3 can heat the battery pack 20 by transmitting a heat-carrying energy storage medium to the battery pack 20. When the temperature of the battery pack 20 is higher than the third preset temperature, the heat-cold storage device 3 can cool the battery pack 20 by transmitting a cold energy storage medium to the battery pack 20, thereby keeping the battery pack 20 within an appropriate temperature range.

[0095] When the temperature of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 exceeds a fourth preset temperature, the second heat exchange circuit can be used to supply cooling air to the air duct 71, and the fan 72 can be activated to blow cool air through the air duct 71 toward the environment surrounding the battery pack 20, thereby lowering the temperature of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20. Furthermore, when the humidity of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 exceeds a preset humidity, the fan 72 can be activated to blow dry air directly toward the environment surrounding the battery pack 20 through the air duct 71, thereby maintaining or lowering the humidity of the environment surrounding the battery pack 20, thereby maintaining a constant temperature and humidity in the environment surrounding the battery pack 20.

[0096] The energy storage device and its thermal management system in the above-mentioned embodiment can achieve the following effects: enable the battery pack 20 to be at a suitable operating temperature, reduce the safety risks during the operation of the energy storage device, and increase the service life of the energy storage battery; reduce the adverse effect of heat accumulation in the photovoltaic module 11 on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 11, ensure the efficiency of photoelectric conversion, and thus help to improve the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0097] In some embodiments, the control device described above can be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any appropriate combination thereof for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present disclosure can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents, which should all be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed for protection in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic module (11) configured to convert light energy from solar energy into electrical energy; A heat collector (12) is thermally coupled to the photovoltaic assembly (11) and is configured to collect heat energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly (11); a heat and cold storage device (3) configured to store heat and / or cold; a first heat exchange circuit, thermally coupled to the heat storage and cold storage device (3) and the heat collector (12), configured to transfer heat from one of the heat collector (12) and the heat storage and cold storage device (3) to the other of the heat collector (12) and the heat storage and cold storage device (3); and A battery pack (20) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly (11) and is configured to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly (11). The battery pack (20) can be selectively thermally coupled to the heat storage and cold storage device (3) to obtain heat or cold stored in the heat storage and cold storage device (3).

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal management system has a first operating mode and a second operating mode, In the first working mode, the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the heat collector (12) to the heat storage and cold storage device (3), so that the heat storage and cold storage device (3) stores heat; In the second working mode, the first heat exchange circuit transfers heat from the heat storage and cold storage device (3) to the heat collector (12), so that the heat storage and cold storage device (3) stores cold energy.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first heat exchange circuit includes a first compressor (41), and the first compressor (41) is configured to transport the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from one of the heat storage and cold storage device (3) and the heat collector (12) to the other of the heat storage and cold storage device (3) and the heat collector (12).

4. The thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises a first temperature acquisition device, which is configured to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly (11) to determine whether the first compressor (41) transports the refrigerant in the first heat exchange circuit from the heat collector (12) to the heat storage and cold storage device (3) in the first working mode.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The heat storage and cold storage device (3) stores an energy storage medium as a carrier of heat or cold. The thermal management system further comprises a second temperature acquisition device, which is configured to detect the temperature of the battery pack (20) to determine whether the heat storage and cold storage device (3) transmits the energy storage medium to the battery pack (20).

6. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Air duct (71); a second heat exchange circuit thermally coupled to the interior space of the air duct (71); and At least one of the third temperature acquisition device and the humidity acquisition device is configured to detect at least one of the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the battery pack (20) is located, so as to determine whether the second heat exchange circuit supplies cooling or heating to the interior space of the air duct (71), and whether the air duct (71) supplies air to the environment in which the battery pack (20) is located.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The internal space of the air duct (71) can be selectively thermally coupled to the heat storage and cold storage device (3) through the second heat exchange circuit to obtain the heat or cold stored in the heat storage and cold storage device (3).

8. An energy storage device, characterized in that: Comprising a thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that It comprises a box (8) for accommodating the battery pack (20), and the photovoltaic assembly (11) is shielded on the top of the box (8).

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat collector (12) is integrated on the back plate of the photovoltaic module (11).

11. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: At least one electrical appliance in the energy storage device is powered by the photovoltaic assembly (11) and / or the battery pack (20).

Images