Safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a safety treatment process device for zinc phosphide, which comprises a nitrogen generator, a nitrogen flow indicator, a reactor, a primary absorption device, a secondary absorption device and a copper sulfate reaction device which are sequentially arranged from front to back. According to the device, firstly, the dilute sulphuric acid is added into the zinc phosphide, so that the decomposition of the zinc phosphide is accelerated, and the treatment efficiency is improved; secondly, an absorption device is designed, potassium permanganate waste liquid and hexavalent chromium waste liquid are used for detoxifying the phosphine gas, a copper sulfate indicator and a phosphine detector are adopted to ensure that no phosphine gas escapes in the reaction process, and an operator is effectively protected; finally, waste residues in the whole reaction process are effectively collected and treated through a plate-and-frame filter press, waste water enters a recycling pool and can be used for dilution of sulfuric acid and preparation of solutions such as copper sulfate, potassium permanganate and PAC, heavy metal zinc can be extracted from the waste residues in a recycling mode, and therefore safe treatment of zinc phosphide is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide. Background Art

[0002] Zinc phosphide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Zn3P2. It is a gray crystalline powder insoluble in water and alcohols, but soluble in acids, benzene, and carbon disulfide. Zinc phosphide is widely used as a rodenticide. When ingested by rodents, it reacts with hydrochloric acid in their gastric juices to release highly toxic phosphine gas. This gas can damage the rodent's nervous system, causing central nervous system paralysis, a drop in blood pressure, and ultimately shock and death. Zinc phosphide's toxic effects are rapid, typically killing rodents within 24 hours. Zinc phosphide is relatively safe for humans and animals under dry conditions. However, when it absorbs moisture from the air, it releases colorless, flammable, and highly toxic phosphine gas. When zinc phosphide loses its effectiveness due to prolonged storage, handling it presents significant risks. Therefore, research into zinc phosphide disposal technologies is crucial and necessary for a comprehensive consideration of protecting human health, preventing environmental pollution, reducing production costs, and ensuring safe production. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the utility model proposes a safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide. The utility model has a simple structure, a safe treatment process and a good treatment effect.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide comprises a nitrogen generator, a nitrogen flow indicator, a reactor, a primary absorption device, a secondary absorption device, a copper sulfate reaction device, a neutralization reaction device, a plate-and-frame filter press, and a recycling tank, which are arranged in sequence from front to back. The upper end of the nitrogen generator is connected to the lower end of the nitrogen flow indicator, the upper end of the nitrogen flow indicator is connected to the upper air inlet of the reactor, the upper air outlet of the reactor is connected to the primary absorption device, the upper air outlet of the primary absorption device is connected to the secondary absorption device, the copper sulfate reaction device is connected to the upper air outlet of the secondary absorption device, the upper feed inlet of the neutralization reaction device is connected to the lower outlet of the reactor via a first pump, the upper feed inlet of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected to the lower discharge port of the neutralization reaction device via a second pump, and the recycling tank and the upper discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press are connected via a third pump.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0007] The nitrogen flow indicator is provided with a knob for controlling the nitrogen flow rate.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] A dilute sulfuric acid solution inlet tank is provided on the right side of the upper end of the reactor, and a solid zinc phosphide inlet tank is provided on the left side of the upper end of the reactor.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] A waste gas treatment device is provided between the exhaust pipe of the reactor and the neutralization reaction device, and the waste gas treatment device is provided with a sulfuric acid solution absorption device, a sodium hydroxide solution absorption device, an activated carbon absorption device and a vacuum pump in sequence from the exhaust pipe outlet.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The upper ends of the primary absorption device, the secondary absorption device and the copper sulfate reaction device are all connected to an air inlet pipe, and the lower end outlets of the air inlet pipes of the primary absorption device, the secondary absorption device and the copper sulfate reaction device are respectively connected to the bottom of the primary absorption device, the secondary absorption device and the copper sulfate reaction device but are not in contact with the bottom.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The primary absorption device is filled with a saturated potassium permanganate solution, the secondary absorption device is filled with hexavalent chromium waste liquid, and the copper sulfate reaction device is filled with a saturated copper sulfate solution.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] A phosphine detector is installed at the gas outlet at the upper end of the copper sulfate reaction device.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] A calcium hydroxide inlet tank is provided on the left side of the upper end of the neutralization reaction device, a PAC inlet tank is provided on the right side of the upper end of the neutralization reaction device, a pH display is provided inside the neutralization reaction device, and a cooling water circulation device is provided at the lower end of the neutralization reaction device.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The cooling water circulation device and the outer wall of the neutralization reaction device are enclosed to form a cooling water circulation cavity. A cooling liquid discharge port is provided on the side wall of the cooling water circulation cavity, and a cooling liquid inlet is provided at the bottom of the cooling water circulation cavity.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] A filter residue collecting device is detachably mounted on the lower discharge port of the plate and frame filter press.

[0024] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. In this utility model, dilute sulfuric acid is added to zinc phosphide to accelerate its decomposition and increase disposal efficiency. Since the reaction generates phosphine gas, an absorption device is designed to detoxify the phosphine gas using waste potassium permanganate and hexavalent chromium liquids. A copper sulfate indicator and a phosphine detector are used to ensure that no phosphine gas escapes during the reaction, effectively protecting operators.

[0026] 2. In the utility model, a plate and frame filter press is used to effectively collect and treat waste residues in the entire reaction process. The wastewater enters the reuse pool and can be used for diluting sulfuric acid and preparing solutions such as copper sulfate, potassium permanganate, and PAC. The waste residue can be recycled to extract heavy metal zinc, thereby achieving safe disposal of zinc phosphide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a zinc phosphide safety treatment process device proposed in the present invention;

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Nitrogen generator; 2. Nitrogen flow indicator; 3. Reactor; 301. Dilute sulfuric acid solution inlet tank; 302. Solid zinc phosphide inlet tank; 4. Primary absorption device; 5. Secondary absorption device; 6. Copper sulfate reaction device; 7. Neutralization reaction device; 701. Calcium hydroxide inlet tank; 702. PAC inlet tank; 703. pH indicator; 704. Cooling water circulation device; 8. Plate and frame filter press; 9. Recycling tank; 10. Phosphine detector; 11. Filter residue collection device; 12. Air inlet pipe; 13. Waste gas treatment device; 14. Sulfuric acid solution absorption device; 15. Sodium hydroxide solution absorption device; 16. Activated carbon absorption device; 17. Vacuum pump; 18. First pump; 19. Second pump; 20. Third pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1The utility model provides a technical solution: a safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide, comprising a nitrogen generator 1, a nitrogen flow indicator 2, a reactor 3, a primary absorption device 4, a secondary absorption device 5, a copper sulfate reaction device 6, a neutralization reaction device 7, a plate and frame filter press 8 and a recycling tank 9, the upper end of the nitrogen generator 1 is connected to the lower end of the nitrogen flow indicator 2, the upper end of the nitrogen flow indicator 2 is connected to the upper air inlet of the reactor 3, and the upper air outlet of the reactor 3 is connected to the upper air inlet of the reactor 3. A connection is established with the primary absorption device 4, the upper air outlet of the primary absorption device 4 is connected to the secondary absorption device 5, the copper sulfate reaction device 6 is connected to the upper air outlet of the secondary absorption device 5, the upper feed port of the neutralization reaction device 7 is connected to the lower outlet of the reactor 3 through the first pump 18, the upper feed port of the plate and frame filter press 8 is connected to the lower discharge port of the neutralization reaction device 7 through the second pump 19, and the reuse tank 9 and the upper discharge port of the plate and frame filter press 8 are connected through the third pump 20.

[0032] Specifically, the nitrogen flow indicator 2 is provided with a knob for controlling the nitrogen flow rate, which facilitates the operator to control the nitrogen flow rate.

[0033] Specifically, a dilute sulfuric acid solution inlet tank 301 is provided on the right side of the upper end of the reactor 3, and a solid zinc phosphide inlet tank 302 is provided on the left side of the upper end of the reactor 3. A waste gas treatment device 13 is provided between the exhaust pipe of the reactor 3 and the neutralization reaction device 7. The waste gas treatment device 13 is provided with a sulfuric acid solution absorption device 14, a sodium hydroxide solution absorption device 15, an activated carbon absorption device 16 and a vacuum pump 17 in sequence from the gas outlet of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas generated during the operation of the reactor 3 and the neutralization reaction device 7 can enter the waste gas treatment device 13 through the exhaust pipe. At the same time, under the pumping action of the vacuum pump 17, the exhaust gas can pass through the sulfuric acid solution absorption device 14, the sodium hydroxide solution absorption device 15 and the activated carbon absorption device 16 in the exhaust gas treatment device 13 in sequence, and the volatile gas, toxic gas and harmful gas in the exhaust gas are comprehensively absorbed and purified to prevent the exhaust gas from being directly discharged without treatment to pollute the environment.

[0034] Specifically, the upper ends of the primary absorption device 4, the secondary absorption device 5 and the copper sulfate reaction device 6 are all connected to the air inlet pipe 12, and the lower end outlets of the air inlet pipes 12 of the primary absorption device 4, the secondary absorption device 5 and the copper sulfate reaction device 6 are respectively connected to the bottom of the primary absorption device 4, the secondary absorption device 5 and the copper sulfate reaction device 6 but do not contact the bottom, the primary absorption device 4 is filled with a saturated potassium permanganate solution, the secondary absorption device 5 is filled with hexavalent chromium waste liquid, and the copper sulfate reaction device 6 is filled with a saturated copper sulfate solution.

[0035] Specifically, a phosphine detector 10 is installed at the upper gas outlet of the copper sulfate reaction device 6 to detect whether phosphine is discharged through the upper gas outlet of the copper sulfate reaction device 6.

[0036] Specifically, a calcium hydroxide inlet tank 701 is provided on the left side of the upper end of the neutralization reaction device 7, which is used to add calcium hydroxide into the neutralization reaction device 7 for subsequent neutralization reaction. A PAC inlet tank 702 is provided on the right side of the upper end of the neutralization reaction device 7, which is used to add polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution into the neutralization reaction device 7 for subsequent neutralization reaction. A pH display meter 703 is provided inside the neutralization reaction device 7 to facilitate the staff to understand the pH value during the neutralization reaction process inside the neutralization reaction device 7. A cooling water circulation device 704 is provided at the lower end of the neutralization reaction device 7. The cooling water circulation device 704 and the outer wall of the neutralization reaction device 7 are enclosed to form a cooling water circulation cavity. A coolant discharge port is provided on the side wall of the cooling water circulation cavity, and a coolant inlet is provided at the bottom of the cooling water circulation cavity. The cooling water circulation device 704 can realize the cooling treatment of the neutralization reaction device 7 for circulation, thereby ensuring that the neutralization reaction in the neutralization reaction device 7 can be carried out stably.

[0037] Specifically, the lower discharge port of the plate and frame filter press 8 is detachably equipped with a filter residue collecting device 11. By removing the filter residue collecting device 11 from the plate and frame filter press 8, heavy metal zinc can be extracted and subsequently recycled.

[0038] Working principle: dilute sulfuric acid is added to the reactor 3 through the dilute sulfuric acid solution inlet tank 301, and then zinc phosphide is added to the solid zinc phosphide inlet tank 302. At the same time, since phosphine gas is generated during the reaction, the nitrogen generator 1 is turned on before the reaction, and the nitrogen flow rate is controlled to 8-10m / s by the knob on the nitrogen flow indicator 2; the nitrogen carries the phosphine gas to the primary absorption device 4 and the secondary absorption device 5, and the potassium permanganate and hexavalent chromium waste liquid in the primary absorption device 4 and the secondary absorption device 5 detoxify the phosphine gas. At the same time, the copper sulfate reaction device 6 and the phosphine detector 10 ensure that no phosphine escapes during the reaction process, thereby effectively protecting the operator; after the reaction in the reactor 3 The waste liquid is pumped into the neutralization reaction device 7 through the first pump 18, and calcium hydroxide is added through the calcium hydroxide inlet tank 701 to adjust the pH to 8.0-9.0. After the reaction is complete, PAC solution is added through the PAC inlet tank 702 to flocculate the reaction liquid. The waste liquid treated by the neutralization reaction device 7 is pumped into the plate and frame filter press 8 through the second pump 19. After the solid is collected, heavy metal zinc is extracted for resource utilization, thereby realizing resource utilization. The liquid is pumped into the reuse tank 9 through the third pump 20 for collection for dilution of sulfuric acid and preparation and disposal of solutions such as copper sulfate, potassium permanganate, and PAC. Waste residue and waste liquid are effectively collected and treated throughout the reaction process, thereby achieving safe disposal of zinc phosphide.

[0039] The specific principle is as follows:

[0040] Zn3P2+6H2O=2PH3↑+3Zn(OH)2

[0041] Zn3P2+6H + →3Zn 2+ +2PH3

[0042] 3PH3+8KMnO4+H2SO4→8MnO2↓+3K2HPO4+K2SO4+H2O

[0043] K2Cr2O7+6H3PO4(solution)→3Cr(PO4)2+K3PO4+7H2O

[0044] 24CuSO4+11PH3+12H2O→8Cu3P↓+3H3PO4+24H2SO4

[0045] Zn 2+ +2OH - →Zn(OH)2

[0046] 2H + +2OH - → 2H2O

[0047] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nitrogen generator (1), a nitrogen flow indicator (2), a reactor (3), a primary absorption device (4), a secondary absorption device (5), a copper sulfate reaction device (6), a neutralization reaction device (7), a plate and frame filter press (8) and a recycling pool (9) which are arranged in sequence from front to back. The upper end of the nitrogen generator (1) is connected to the lower end of the nitrogen flow indicator (2), the upper end of the nitrogen flow indicator (2) is connected to the upper air inlet of the reactor (3), and the upper air outlet of the reactor (3) is connected to the primary absorption device (4). The upper gas outlet of the primary absorption device (4) is connected to the secondary absorption device (5), the copper sulfate reaction device (6) is connected to the upper gas outlet of the secondary absorption device (5), the upper feed port of the neutralization reaction device (7) is connected to the lower outlet of the reactor (3) via a first pump (18), the upper feed port of the plate-and-frame filter press (8) is connected to the lower discharge port of the neutralization reaction device (7) via a second pump (19), and the reuse tank (9) and the upper discharge port of the plate-and-frame filter press (8) are connected via a third pump (20).

2. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen flow indicator (2) is provided with a knob for controlling the nitrogen flow rate.

3. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dilute sulfuric acid solution inlet tank (301) is provided on the right side of the upper end of the reactor (3), and a solid zinc phosphide inlet tank (302) is provided on the left side of the upper end of the reactor (3).

4. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust gas treatment device (13) is provided between the exhaust pipe of the reactor (3) and the neutralization reaction device (7), and the exhaust gas treatment device (13) is provided with a sulfuric acid solution absorption device (14), a sodium hydroxide solution absorption device (15), an activated carbon absorption device (16), and a vacuum pump (17) in sequence from the exhaust pipe outlet outward.

5. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the primary absorption device (4), the secondary absorption device (5) and the copper sulfate reaction device (6) are all connected to an air inlet pipe (12), and the lower end outlets of the air inlet pipes (12) of the primary absorption device (4), the secondary absorption device (5) and the copper sulfate reaction device (6) are respectively connected to the bottoms of the primary absorption device (4), the secondary absorption device (5) and the copper sulfate reaction device (6) but do not contact the bottoms.

6. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary absorption device (4) is filled with a saturated potassium permanganate solution, the secondary absorption device (5) is filled with hexavalent chromium waste liquid, and the copper sulfate reaction device (6) is filled with a saturated copper sulfate solution.

7. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A phosphine detector (10) is installed at the gas outlet at the upper end of the copper sulfate reaction device (6).

8. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A calcium hydroxide inlet tank (701) is provided on the left side of the upper end of the neutralization reaction device (7), a PAC inlet tank (702) is provided on the right side of the upper end of the neutralization reaction device (7), a pH display meter (703) is provided inside the neutralization reaction device (7), and a cooling water circulation device (704) is provided at the lower end of the neutralization reaction device (7).

9. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling water circulation device (704) and the outer wall of the neutralization reaction device (7) are enclosed to form a cooling water circulation cavity. A cooling liquid discharge port is provided on the side wall of the cooling water circulation cavity, and a cooling liquid inlet is provided at the bottom of the cooling water circulation cavity.

10. The safe treatment process device for zinc phosphide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter residue collecting device (11) is detachably mounted on the lower discharge port of the plate and frame filter press (8).

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