Energy storage system with fire-fighting management function

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy storage system with a fire-fighting management function, which comprises an energy storage box body, a fire-fighting system arranged in the energy storage box body and a plurality of battery clusters arranged at intervals, and each battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs which are sequentially stacked up and down and a battery charging and discharging control device which is arranged below the battery packs and comprises a secondary BMS (Battery Management System) unit, the battery pack comprises a first-stage BMS unit and a battery module, and the first-stage BMS unit is in communication connection with the battery module and a second-stage BMS unit; the fire fighting system comprises a fire fighting bottle group, cluster-level fire fighting pipelines and package-level fire fighting pipelines, the fire fighting bottle group is communicated with the package-level fire fighting pipelines through the cluster-level fire fighting pipelines, the package-level fire fighting pipelines are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery clusters, the cluster-level fire fighting pipelines are communicated with the package-level fire fighting pipelines through cluster-level control valves, and the cluster-level control valves are in one-to-one correspondence with the package-level fire fighting pipelines. And the cluster-level control valves are in communication connection with the corresponding secondary BMS units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system with a fire management function. Background Art

[0002] In lithium-ion energy storage systems, due to the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, there is a risk of fire in the energy storage system caused by battery thermal runaway. Therefore, a fire protection system is configured in the energy storage system.

[0003] In existing energy storage systems, a common method for detecting thermal runaway of battery packs is to add fire detectors to the energy storage system. The fire detectors feed back the detected signals (such as temperature, combustible gases, and VOCs, etc.) to the fire host, which then uses the fire host to control fire spraying. However, installing fire detectors in the battery pack takes up space inside the battery pack, and fire detectors often use composite detection, detecting quantities including temperature, CO, combustible gases, and VOCs (volatile organic compounds). However, since gases are released during battery operation, they may cause false alarms in the detectors. In addition, the gas detection elements of fire detectors all use the principle of chemical reaction for detection, and their service life is short, resulting in the system requiring frequent maintenance, replacement, and calibration of detectors, which increases after-sales maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an energy storage system with a fire management function, so as to accurately detect thermal runaway of the battery pack in the energy storage system, without the need to install fire detectors on the battery pack, thus saving space inside the battery pack and eliminating the need for frequent after-sales maintenance, replacement and calibration.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: to provide an energy storage system with fire management function, including an energy storage box, a plurality of battery clusters and a fire protection system, wherein the battery clusters are arranged in intervals within the energy storage box, each of the battery clusters includes a plurality of battery packs stacked in sequence from top to bottom and a battery charge and discharge control device, wherein the battery charge and discharge control device is arranged below the battery pack at the end, the battery pack includes a primary BMS unit and a battery module, the battery charge and discharge control device includes a secondary BMS unit, and the one The first-level BMS unit is communicatively connected with the battery module and the second-level BMS unit; the fire protection system is arranged in the energy storage box, including a fire bottle group, a cluster-level fire protection pipeline and a pack-level fire protection pipeline. The fire bottle group is connected with the pack-level fire protection pipeline through the cluster-level fire protection pipeline. The pack-level fire protection pipeline has a one-to-one correspondence with the battery cluster, and the cluster-level fire protection pipeline is connected with the pack-level fire protection pipeline through a cluster-level control valve. The cluster-level control valve has a one-to-one correspondence with the pack-level fire protection pipeline. The cluster-level control valve is communicatively connected with the second-level BMS unit of the corresponding battery cluster.

[0006] The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is that the energy storage system with fire management function of the present invention is provided with a fire protection system and several battery clusters arranged at intervals in the energy storage box, and each battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs stacked up and down in sequence and a battery charge and discharge control device arranged below the battery pack at the end, and the battery pack includes a primary BMS unit and a battery module, and the battery charge and discharge control device includes a secondary BMS unit, and the primary BMS unit is communicatively connected with the battery module and the secondary BMS unit, so that the primary BMS unit of each battery pack of the same battery cluster can separately collect and obtain the battery data of the battery module of the battery pack, so that the primary BMS unit can timely and quickly obtain the battery data and transmit it to the secondary BMS unit of the battery cluster, so as to timely perform battery abnormality detection, statistics, calculation and analysis, thereby timely fire fighting and improving fire fighting effect, and using BMS for detection can eliminate the need to install fire detectors on the battery pack, saving internal space of the battery pack, eliminating the need for frequent after-sales maintenance, replacement and calibration, and having a long service life, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage system and after-sales maintenance costs. The system can accurately detect thermal runaway of battery packs within the energy storage system, achieving more precise and reliable detection. The primary BMS unit corresponds one-to-one with the battery pack, and the secondary BMS unit corresponds one-to-one with the battery cluster. This allows for more precise positioning of the corresponding battery cluster and battery pack, enabling precise fire extinguishing and improving subsequent firefighting efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, the firefighting system's pack-level firefighting pipelines correspond one-to-one with the battery cluster and are connected to the cluster-level firefighting pipelines via cluster-level control valves. The cluster-level firefighting pipelines are in turn connected to the firefighting cylinders, and the cluster-level control valves are communicatively connected to the secondary BMS units of the battery clusters. The secondary BMS units of the battery clusters can calculate and analyze information about battery packs experiencing thermal runaway based on battery data collected by the primary BMS units of the corresponding battery packs, and accurately start and stop the cluster-level control valves to control the operation of the pack-level firefighting pipelines of the corresponding battery clusters, reducing the use of control valves. Furthermore, the cluster-level control valves are controlled only after the secondary BMS unit determines thermal runaway of the battery packs. This allows for precise location of the battery cluster where the thermally runaway battery packs are located, enabling accurate cluster-level firefighting spraying and a fast response rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system with fire management function of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2This is a flow chart of the fire management method of the energy storage system with fire management function of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system with a fire management function of the present invention. The energy storage system with a fire management function includes an energy storage box 11, a plurality of battery clusters 12, and a fire protection system 13. The battery clusters 12 are arranged at intervals in the energy storage box 11. Each of the battery clusters 12 includes a plurality of battery packs 121 stacked in sequence from top to bottom and a battery charge and discharge control device 122. The battery charge and discharge control device 122 is arranged below the battery pack 121 at the end. The battery pack 121 includes a primary BMS unit and a battery module. The battery charge and discharge control device 122 includes a secondary BMS unit. The primary BMS unit is connected to the battery module and the secondary The BMS unit is communicatively connected; the fire protection system 13 is arranged in the energy storage box 11, including a fire bottle group 131, a cluster-level fire protection pipeline 132 and a pack-level fire protection pipeline 133. The fire bottle group 131 is connected to the pack-level fire protection pipeline 133 through the cluster-level fire protection pipeline 132, and the pack-level fire protection pipeline 133 corresponds one-to-one with the battery cluster 12, and the cluster-level fire protection pipeline 132 is connected to the pack-level fire protection pipeline 133 through the cluster-level control valve 14. The cluster-level control valve 14 corresponds one-to-one with the pack-level fire protection pipeline 133 to correspond one-to-one with the battery cluster 12, and the cluster-level control valve 14 is communicatively connected to the secondary BMS unit of the corresponding battery cluster 12.

[0012] Among them, BMS (Battery Management System) is used to intelligently manage and maintain each battery unit, monitor the status of the battery, prevent the battery from being overcharged and over-discharged, and thus prolong the service life of the battery. The energy storage system with fire protection management function is provided by setting a fire protection system 13 and a plurality of battery clusters 12 arranged at intervals in the energy storage box 11, and each battery cluster 12 includes a plurality of battery packs 121 stacked up and down in sequence and a battery charge and discharge control device 122 provided below the battery pack 121 at the end, and the battery pack 121 includes a first-level BMS unit and a battery module, and the battery charge and discharge control device 122 includes a second-level BMS unit, and the first-level BMS unit is communicated with the battery module and the second-level BMS unit so that the first-level BMS unit of each battery pack 121 of the same battery cluster 12 can be individually controlled. The battery data of the battery module of the battery pack 121 is independently collected and obtained, so that the first-level BMS unit can quickly obtain the battery data and transmit it to the second-level BMS unit of the battery cluster 12, so as to timely detect, count, calculate and analyze battery anomalies, thereby timely firefighting and improving firefighting effects. Moreover, the use of BMS for detection does not require the installation of fire detectors on the battery pack 121, saving the internal space of the battery pack 121, and does not require frequent after-sales maintenance, replacement and calibration, with a longer service life, reducing the cost of the energy storage system and after-sales maintenance costs, and can accurately monitor the battery pack 121 in the energy storage system. Thermal runaway detection, the detection effect is more accurate and reliable, the first-level BMS unit corresponds to the battery pack 121 one-to-one, the second-level BMS unit corresponds to the battery cluster 12 one-to-one, so that the corresponding battery cluster 12 and battery pack 121 can be located more accurately, and fire can be extinguished accurately, thereby improving the subsequent fire extinguishing efficiency and effect; moreover, the pack-level fire protection pipeline 133 of the fire protection system 13 corresponds to the battery cluster 12 one-to-one, and is connected to the cluster-level fire protection pipeline 132 through the cluster-level control valve 14, and the cluster-level fire protection pipeline 132 is connected to the fire cylinder group 131, and the cluster-level control valve 14 is communicated with the second-level BMS unit of the battery cluster 12. Then, the secondary BMS unit of the battery cluster 12 can calculate and analyze the information of the battery pack 121 that has experienced thermal runaway based on the battery data collected by the primary BMS unit of the corresponding battery pack 121, and accurately control the start and stop of the cluster-level control valve 14 to control the operation of the pack-level fire protection pipeline 133 of the corresponding battery cluster 12, thereby reducing the use of control valves. At the same time, the cluster-level control valve 14 is controlled only after the thermal runaway of the battery pack 121 is determined by the secondary BMS unit, so that the battery cluster 12 where the battery pack 121 that has experienced thermal runaway is located can be accurately located, thereby achieving accurate cluster-level fire protection spraying with a fast response rate.

[0013] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fire protection system further includes a fire protection host, which is in communication with the fire protection bottle group 131. The fire protection host controls the fire protection bottle group 131 to perform fire spraying according to the received battery pack thermal runaway information.

[0014] Specifically, the fire protection system also includes a cabin-level detector and a cabin-level fire protection pipeline 134. The cabin-level detector is installed on the energy storage box 11, and the fire bottle group 131 is connected to the cabin-level fire protection pipeline 134. The cabin-level fire protection pipeline 134 is provided with a cabin-level control valve 15. The cabin-level control valve 15 and the cabin-level detector are communicated with the fire protection host and are used to detect the temperature, combustible gas and VOC in the energy storage box 11. By setting up the cabin-level detector and cooperating with the cabin-level control valve 15 communicated with the fire protection host, the fire protection host can perform cabin-level fire protection spraying according to the collected temperature, combustible gas and VOC in the energy storage box 11.

[0015] Specifically, the energy storage system with fire management function also includes a superior management unit, which is located in the energy storage box 11 and is communicatively connected to the secondary BMS unit. The superior management unit is also connected to the fire host, where the superior management unit is a BMS or EMU (Energy Management Unit). The superior management unit and the fire host can be connected by a communication connection or a dry contact connection to upload battery pack thermal runaway information to the fire host, which then controls the start and stop of the fire spraying operation by the fire cylinder group 131.

[0016] Specifically, the fire protection system also includes an alarm device that is communicatively connected to the fire control unit. When the fire cylinder assembly 131 is in operation, the fire control unit can control the alarm device to broadcast a fire alarm and / or illuminate an alarm light to remind users that the energy storage system is spraying firefighting, thereby improving fire safety. The alarm device includes a buzzer, a voice broadcast device, and / or a warning light.

[0017] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pack-level fire protection piping 133 is provided with a pack-level fire protection sprinkler 1331 corresponding one-to-one to each battery pack 121 of the corresponding battery cluster 12. The pack-level fire protection sprinkler 1331 is connected to the corresponding pack-level fire protection piping 133 and is in communication with the secondary BMS unit of the corresponding battery cluster 12. The provision of the pack-level fire protection sprinkler 1331 enables precise pack-level fire protection control using the secondary BMS unit, further improving the accuracy of fire protection operations.

[0018] Specifically, the battery data includes the temperature, temperature rise, voltage, and voltage drop of the battery module. The temperature rise of the battery module refers to the temperature of the battery module above the ambient temperature, and the voltage drop of the battery module refers to the voltage or potential difference of the battery module. The battery data includes various performance information of the battery pack 121. The first-level BMS unit collects the battery data of the battery modules of the battery pack 121 to comprehensively consider the performance of the battery pack 121 and prevent misjudgment. The temperature of the battery module is used to detect and analyze whether the temperature of the battery module is too high. The second-level BMS unit can better determine the battery cluster 12 that requires fire control by counting the number of battery packs 121 with excessively high temperatures in the battery cluster 12 in which it is located.

[0019] Specifically, the battery charge and discharge control device 122 is a high-voltage box or an energy storage converter.

[0020] Combine Figure 2 , Figure 2 The flowchart of the fire management method of the energy storage system with fire management function of the utility model is shown. Based on the above design, when working, the fire management method of the energy storage system with fire management function includes the following steps:

[0021] Step S11, BMS data collection: The primary BMS unit collects and records battery data of the corresponding battery module and transmits the battery data to the secondary BMS unit of the corresponding battery cluster; the battery data may include battery pack information such as the battery pack serial number, as well as the voltage, voltage difference, temperature, temperature rise rate and / or temperature difference of the battery modules of the battery pack, so that the secondary BMS unit can perform abnormal data judgment based on the battery data collected by the primary BMS unit, analyze and identify battery packs experiencing thermal runaway, and count the number of battery packs experiencing thermal runaway;

[0022] Step S12, secondary BMS unit thermal runaway determination: The secondary BMS unit determines whether there is abnormal data based on the received battery data to determine whether there is a battery pack experiencing thermal runaway, and counts the number of battery packs experiencing thermal runaway in the battery cluster; wherein, the secondary BMS unit stores preset voltage abnormality values, voltage difference normal values, temperature abnormality values, temperature rise rate abnormality values, and temperature difference normal values. When the battery data exceeds the corresponding abnormal value, and the number of battery packs experiencing thermal runaway in the battery cluster is greater than the preset runaway battery number threshold, it can be determined that abnormal data exists and thermal runaway has occurred in the battery cluster.

[0023] Step S13: Cluster-level control valve opening: When a battery cluster signals thermal runaway, the secondary BMS unit determines the battery pack experiencing thermal runaway based on the abnormal data and controls the cluster-level control valve corresponding to the battery cluster where the battery pack experiencing thermal runaway is located to open, thereby accurately locating the battery cluster where the battery pack experiencing thermal runaway is located and promptly performing cluster-level firefighting operations.

[0024] Step S14: Superior Management Fire Control: The secondary BMS unit sends information about the battery pack experiencing thermal runaway to the superior management unit. The superior management unit uploads the information to the fire host. The fire host controls the fire cylinder group to perform fire spraying and controls the alarm device to operate.

[0025] Step S15 , cluster-level control valve start-up feedback: the secondary BMS unit feeds back the corresponding cluster-level control valve start-up information to the corresponding primary BMS unit.

[0026] In summary, the energy storage system with fire protection management function of the present invention is provided with a fire protection system and a plurality of battery clusters arranged at intervals in the energy storage box, and each battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs stacked up and down in sequence and a battery charge and discharge control device arranged below the battery pack at the end, and the battery pack includes a primary BMS unit and a battery module, and the battery charge and discharge control device includes a secondary BMS unit, and the primary BMS unit is communicatively connected with the battery module and the secondary BMS unit, so that the primary BMS unit of each battery pack of the same battery cluster can independently collect and obtain the battery data of the battery module of the battery pack, so that the primary BMS unit can timely and quickly obtain the battery data and transmit it to the secondary BMS unit of the battery cluster, so as to timely perform battery abnormality detection, statistics, calculation and analysis, thereby timely fire protection and improving fire protection effect, and using BMS for detection can eliminate the need to install fire detectors on the battery pack, save internal space of the battery pack, and do not need frequent after-sales maintenance, replacement and calibration, have a long service life, reduce the cost of the energy storage system and after-sales maintenance cost, and can be used for storage The system accurately detects thermal runaway battery packs within the energy system, achieving more precise and reliable detection. The primary BMS unit corresponds one-to-one with each battery pack, and the secondary BMS unit corresponds one-to-one with each battery cluster. This allows for more precise positioning of the corresponding battery cluster and battery pack, enabling accurate fire extinguishing and improving subsequent firefighting efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, the firefighting system's pack-level firefighting piping corresponds one-to-one with each battery cluster and is connected to the cluster-level firefighting piping via a cluster-level control valve. The cluster-level firefighting piping is then connected to a fire cylinder assembly, and the cluster-level control valve is communicatively connected to the secondary BMS unit of the battery cluster. The secondary BMS unit of the battery cluster can calculate and analyze information about battery packs experiencing thermal runaway based on battery data collected by the primary BMS unit of the corresponding battery pack, and accurately start and stop the cluster-level control valve to control the operation of the pack-level firefighting piping of the corresponding battery cluster, reducing the use of control valves. Furthermore, the cluster-level control valve is controlled only after the secondary BMS unit determines thermal runaway in the battery pack. This allows for precise location of the battery cluster where the thermally runaway battery pack is located, enabling accurate cluster-level firefighting spraying and a fast response rate.

[0027] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system with fire management function, characterized in that: include: Energy storage box; A plurality of battery clusters are spaced apart within the energy storage box, each of the battery clusters comprising a plurality of battery packs stacked sequentially from top to bottom and a battery charge and discharge control device, the battery charge and discharge control device being disposed below the battery pack at the end, the battery pack comprising a primary BMS unit and a battery module, the battery charge and discharge control device comprising a secondary BMS unit, the primary BMS unit being communicatively connected to the battery module and the secondary BMS unit; The fire protection system is arranged in the energy storage box, including a fire cylinder group, a cluster-level fire protection pipeline and a pack-level fire protection pipeline. The fire cylinder group is connected to the pack-level fire protection pipeline through the cluster-level fire protection pipeline. The pack-level fire protection pipeline corresponds one-to-one with the battery cluster, and the cluster-level fire protection pipeline is connected to the pack-level fire protection pipeline through a cluster-level control valve. The cluster-level control valve corresponds one-to-one with the pack-level fire protection pipeline. The cluster-level control valve is communicatively connected to the secondary BMS unit of the corresponding battery cluster.

2. The energy storage system with fire management function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire protection system further comprises a fire protection host, which is communicatively connected to the fire cylinder group.

3. The energy storage system with fire management function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire protection system also includes a cabin-level detector and a cabin-level fire protection pipeline. The cabin-level detector is installed on the energy storage box. The fire bottle group is connected to the cabin-level fire protection pipeline. A cabin-level control valve is provided on the cabin-level fire protection pipeline. The cabin-level control valve and the cabin-level detector are communicatively connected to the fire protection host.

4. The energy storage system with fire management function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage system with fire management function also includes an upper-level management unit, which is arranged in the energy storage box, the upper-level management unit is communicatively connected to the secondary BMS unit, and the upper-level management unit is connected to the fire host, wherein the upper-level management unit is a BMS or EMU.

5. The energy storage system with fire management function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire protection system further comprises an alarm device, which is communicatively connected to the fire protection host.

6. The energy storage system with fire management function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pack-level fire protection pipeline is provided with a pack-level fire protection sprinkler corresponding to each battery pack of the corresponding battery cluster. The pack-level fire protection sprinkler is connected to the corresponding pack-level fire protection pipeline, and the pack-level fire protection sprinkler is communicatively connected to the secondary BMS unit of the corresponding battery cluster.

7. The energy storage system with fire management function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery charge and discharge control device is a high-voltage box or an energy storage converter.

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